JPH08258703A - Air cushion ship with two stage fan - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve maneuvering performance by thoroughly floating a hull even at the time of low speed navigation by furnishing fans dually used for compressed air supply especially to an air cushion chamber of a ship's bottom part and thrust generation for navigation on front and rear two stages. CONSTITUTION: It is possible to provide sufficient maneuvering performance even at the time of low speed navigation as a first fan of lon radius 2 and a second fan 2a of short 2a radius are coaxially provided in tandem and an extraction duct 14 to lead an air current accelerated by the whole of a hub side moving blade part of the first fan 2 and a moving blade of the second fan 2a to an air cushion chamber through an extraction chamber 16 is provided in an air cushion ship. Additionally, an air current accelerated by a tip of moving blade part of the first fan 2 is led backward as an air current for thrust generation 3 through a duct for propulsion 3a. When the number of rotation of each of the fans 2, 2a increases at the time of high speed navigation and internal pressure of the extraction chamber 16 rises, an opening and closing valve 10 opens against a spring 11, and a part of an extracted air current is changed over to an air current 12 for thrust generation, and accordingly, it is possible to keep a floating level of a hull proper.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air cushion ship in which compressed air is supplied to an air cushion chamber at the bottom of a ship so that the hull can fly while sailing, and in particular, compressed air can be supplied to the air cushion chamber. The present invention relates to an air cushion ship having a fan that is also used to generate thrust for sailing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a small-sized air cushion ship, as shown in FIG. 5, a fan 2 installed at the upper part of the stern of a hull 1 generates thrust by an air flow 3 accelerated backward by the fan. An air cushion chamber 1a at the bottom of the ship that is used and uses a part of the accelerated airflow as the levitation airflow 13.
It is also used to supply to.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7,
A guide vane 4 that linearly changes the swirling flow from the fan 2 is fixedly provided behind the fan 2 that sucks air from the front side and accelerates it. The air flow that flows backward as the thrust generating air flow 3, and the air flow accelerated in the hub-side rotor blade portion of the fan 2 passes through the guide vanes 4 and is then bleed into the bleed chamber 16 for levitation through the bleed duct 14. The bleed air 13 is guided to the air cushion chamber at the bottom of the ship.

[0004]

By the way, in the conventional air cushion ship as described above, the amount of compressed air supplied to the air cushion chamber 1 at the time of low speed traveling is insufficient, and the hull 1
However, there is a problem in that the rotational speed of the fan 2 must be increased each time the direction is changed at low speeds, since the levitation of the air conditioners becomes insufficient. The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and provides an air cushion ship capable of obtaining sufficient levitation pressure even during low-speed cruising to improve maneuverability. With the goal.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to the present invention has an air cushion chamber for floating a hull at the bottom of the ship, and
In an air cushion ship having a fan that is used both to supply compressed air to the air cushion chamber and to generate thrust for traveling, the fan has a long-diameter first fan and a short fan, which are coaxially arranged in the front and rear. A second fan having a diameter, which is accelerated in the hub-side rotor blade portion of the first fan and further accelerated in the entire rotor blade of the second fan through the extraction chamber behind the second fan. And a propulsion duct for guiding the airflow accelerated by the tip-side moving blade portion of the first fan rearward to generate thrust, and the bleed airflow is provided in the bleeding chamber. It is characterized by the provision of an on-off valve that can be switched for propulsion by letting a part of this flow out to the rear.

Further, the air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to the present invention is characterized in that the on-off valve is constructed as a pressure control valve with a spring which automatically opens in response to a rise in pressure in the extraction chamber.

Further, the air cushion ship with a two-stage fan of the present invention is a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the air cushion chamber, and an air cushion for controlling the opening / closing valve according to a detection signal from the pressure sensor. And a controller are provided.

In the air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to the present invention, the opening / closing valve slides along an edge of the opening formed in the rear wall of the bleeding chamber to open / close the opening. It is characterized in that it is configured as a sliding type on-off valve having a sliding plate for performing.

[0009]

In the above-described air cushion ship with a two-stage fan of the present invention, the air sucked from the front is accelerated by the hub-side rotor blade portion of the first fan and then further accelerated by the entire rotor blade of the second fan. Since it is introduced into the air cushion chamber with sufficient pressure via the bleed chamber, the hull can be sufficiently levitated even during low-speed running, and good maneuverability can be obtained.

Then, the thrust for traveling is obtained by the airflow which is accelerated in the tip side moving blade portion of the first fan and is directed rearward. Further, during high-speed running, the rotation speeds of the first and second fans are increased, so that the bleed air flow introduced into the bleed chamber also becomes high pressure. A part of the air flows out rearward and is switched to propulsion, so that the air pressure in the air cushion chamber is appropriately maintained, and high-speed cruising can be performed while the hull is normally levitated.

When the on-off valve is constructed as a pressure adjusting valve with a spring that automatically opens in response to a rise in pressure in the bleeding chamber, the above-mentioned valve can be operated at high speed when the rotation speed of the first and second fans is high. As the internal pressure of the bleed chamber rises, the opening of the pressure control valve increases while resisting the spring.Therefore, the mechanism for partially switching the bleed air in the bleed chamber to propulsion automatically And it will be done properly.

If a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the air cushion chamber and an air cushion controller for controlling the on-off valve according to a detection signal from the pressure sensor are provided, the air cushion is provided. Since the opening degree of the on-off valve is controlled in accordance with the internal pressure of the chamber, the action of partially switching the extraction air flow in the extraction chamber for propulsion during high speed traveling can be performed more accurately. The hull is kept at a normal level by the air cushion pressure supplied to the air cushion chamber via the bleed chamber. The air cushion controller can also receive the detection signal from the wave height sensor as needed, and can appropriately control the on-off valve so that the hull floats higher when the wave height is high.

Further, the on-off valve includes a slide type opening / closing valve having an opening formed in a rear wall of the bleeding chamber and a sliding plate which slides along an edge of the opening to open / close the opening. When configured as a valve, it is possible to avoid waste of energy when maintaining the opening degree of the opening / closing valve as in the case of the spring-equipped pressure regulating valve due to the maintenance of spring deformation.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
An air cushion ship with a stepped fan will be described. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of the main part in the vicinity of the fan, and FIG. 2 shows the mutual relationship between the first and second fans and the air flow duct in the structure of the main part of FIG. It is a front view shown.

The air cushion ship with a two-stage fan of this embodiment also has an air cushion chamber for floating the hull at the bottom of the ship, as in the case of the conventional air cushion ship (see FIG. 5). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fan that is used both for supplying compressed air to the room and for generating thrust for sailing is provided with a first fan 2 having a long diameter coaxially arranged in the front and rear and a short fan. The second fan 2a having a diameter is equipped with a plurality of moving blades radially protruding from the hubs 7 and 7a, and is driven by the engine (not shown) via the rotary shaft 6. .

A bleed chamber 16 is provided behind the second fan 2a for guiding the air flow accelerated by the hub-side moving blades of the first fan 2 and further accelerated by the entire moving blades of the second fan 2a. Duct opening to the above air cushion chamber via chamber 16
An extraction duct 14 for guiding the extraction flow 13 through 13a is provided.

On the other hand, there is provided a ring-shaped propulsion duct 3a for guiding the air flow accelerated by the rotor blade portion of the first fan 2 as the thrust generating air flow 3. The bleed duct
Since 14 is disposed so as to cross the propulsion duct 3a, the cross section 14a of the extraction duct 14 is formed in a streamlined shape.

An opening / closing valve 10 is provided on the rear wall of the bleeding chamber 16 so that a part of the bleeding air introduced into the bleeding chamber 16 can be discharged to the rear and switched to the propulsion air flow 12. 10 is spring 11
It is configured as a pressure control valve with a spring attached to it, whereby the opening / closing valve 10 is spring-loaded according to the increase in pressure in the extraction chamber 16.
It is designed to open automatically against 11.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of fixed guide vanes 4 for rectifying the swirling flow accelerated by the tip end side moving blade portion of the first fan 2 into a linear flow are used for propulsion. In addition to being radially provided in the duct 3a, the fixed guide vanes 5 that rectify the swirling flow accelerated by the hub-side rotor blades of the first fan 2 into a linear flow and the entire rotor blades of the second fan 2a are accelerated. A fixed guide vane 5a for rectifying the swirling flow into a linear flow is provided to radially project from the hubs 8 and 8a.

Since the air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to the present embodiment is constructed as described above, the air sucked from the front is accelerated by the hub-side rotor blade portion of the first fan 2 and then further moved to the second stage. The entire moving blades of the 2 fans 2a are accelerated and passed through the extraction chamber 16 and introduced into the air cushion chamber with sufficient pressure, so that the hull can be sufficiently levitated even during low-speed running, which is favorable. Maneuverability will be obtained. Then, the thrust for traveling is obtained by the propulsive airflow 3 which is accelerated by the tip-side moving blade portion of the first fan 2 and travels rearward.

During high speed running, the rotational speeds of the first and second fans 2 and 2a are increased, so that the extracted air flow introduced into the extraction chamber 16 also has a high pressure. At that time, the open / close valve in the extraction chamber 16 is increased. 10 is opened and a part of the bleed flow is opened to the duct 12a.
The air pressure in the air cushion chamber is appropriately maintained, and high-speed cruising is performed while the hull is normally levitated because the operation is performed by causing the air to flow to the rear through and switch to the propulsive air flow 12.

Further, since the on-off valve 10 is constructed as a pressure adjusting valve with a spring 11 which automatically opens in response to a rise in pressure in the bleeding chamber 16, high speed navigation in which the rotation speed of the first and second fans 2 and 2a is high. During running, as the internal pressure of the extraction chamber 16 rises, the opening degree of the on-off valve 10 increases while resisting the spring 11, so that the action of partially switching the extraction air flow in the extraction chamber 16 for propulsion. It will be done automatically and properly with a simple mechanism.

Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 show modifications of the above-mentioned on-off valve and its opening / closing means, and a pressure sensor 17 for detecting the internal pressure of the air cushion chamber at the bottom of the ship,
Sliding on-off valve 10 according to the detection signal from the pressure sensor 17
An air cushion controller 18 for controlling the opening / closing of a via an actuator 19 is provided.

The sliding on-off valve 10a has a plurality of openings 16a formed in an arc shape on the rear wall of the bleed chamber 16 as shown in FIG. 4 (a).
And an arcuate opening 20a shown in FIG. 4 (b) which is rotatably supported by the rear wall of the bleeding chamber 16 so that the opening 16a can be opened and closed.
The circular plate 20 is attached to the circular plate 20, and the circular plate 20 is rotated by an actuator 19. And arc-shaped opening
When the opening 20a is controlled so as to be aligned with the arcuate opening 16a of the same shape as this, the on-off valve 10a is opened, and when the opening 16a is aligned with the portion 20b between the arcuate openings 20a of the disk 20, The on-off valve 10a is controlled to be closed, and in the intermediate state, the on-off valve 10a is controlled to an arbitrary opening.

In the above-described modification, since the pressure sensor 17 for detecting the internal pressure and the air cushion controller 18 for controlling the opening / closing valve 10a according to the detection signal from the pressure sensor 17 are provided, the air cushion is provided. The opening degree of the on-off valve 10a is controlled according to the internal pressure of the chamber, whereby the action of partially switching the bleed air flow in the bleed chamber 16 for propulsion during high speed traveling can be performed more accurately. Then, the hovering of the hull by the air cushion pressure supplied to the air cushion chamber via the bleed chamber 16 is always maintained at a normal level. The air cushion controller 18 also receives a detection signal from the wave height sensor as needed, and when the wave height is high, the opening / closing valve 10 is arranged to raise the hull higher.
It is also possible to control a appropriately.

The sliding on-off valve 10a has a plurality of arcuate openings 16a formed in the rear wall of the extraction chamber 16 and the same opening 16a.
and a circular plate 20 with an arcuate opening 20a pivotally supported on the rear wall of the bleeding chamber 16 so as to open and close a,
Since the rotation of the circular plate 20 is performed by the actuator 19, it is possible to avoid energy waste associated with maintaining spring deformation when maintaining the opening degree of the on-off valve, as in the case of a pressure control valve with a spring. .

[0027]

As described above in detail, according to the air cushion ship with a two-stage fan of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) After the air sucked from the front is accelerated by the hub-side rotor blades of the first fan, it is further accelerated by the entire rotor blades of the second fan, passes through the bleed chamber, and has sufficient pressure in the air cushion chamber. Since it is introduced to the ship, the hull can be sufficiently levitated even when traveling at low speeds, which allows good maneuvering performance to be obtained, and the thrust for sailing is driven by the tip side movement of the first fan. It will be obtained by the airflow that is accelerated by the wing portion and goes backward. (2) During high-speed cruising, the rotation speed of the first and second fans is increased, so that the extraction air flow introduced into the extraction chamber also becomes high pressure. At that time, the on-off valve in the extraction chamber is opened and extraction is performed. A part of the airflow is discharged to the rear so that it is switched to propulsion, so that the air pressure in the air cushion chamber is maintained appropriately, and high-speed cruising is performed with the hull normally levitated. Become. (3) When the on-off valve is configured as a pressure control valve with a spring that automatically opens in response to a rise in pressure in the bleeding chamber, when the first and second fans rotate at high speed, As the internal pressure of the bleed chamber rises, the opening of the pressure control valve increases while resisting the spring, so the action of partially switching the bleed air flow in the bleed chamber to propulsion with a simple mechanism is automatic. And it will be done properly. (4) If a pressure sensor that detects the internal pressure of the air cushion chamber and an air cushion controller that controls the opening / closing valve according to the detection signal from the pressure sensor are provided, Since the opening degree of the on-off valve is controlled according to the internal pressure, the action of partially switching the extraction airflow in the extraction chamber for propulsion during high-speed traveling can be performed more appropriately. The hovering of the hull is constantly maintained at a normal level by the air cushion pressure supplied to the air cushion chamber via. (5) A sliding on-off valve in which the on-off valve has an opening formed in the rear wall of the bleeding chamber and a sliding plate that slides along the edge of the opening to open and close the opening. In the case of being configured as, it is possible to avoid energy waste associated with maintaining spring deformation when maintaining the opening degree of the on-off valve, as in the case of a pressure control valve with a spring.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main structure near a fan of an air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the mutual relationship between the first and second fans and the air flow duct in the main part structure of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an opening / closing control system of an opening / closing valve in an air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to the present invention.

4 (a) and 4 (b) are exploded front views showing the structure of the sliding on-off valve shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional air cushion ship.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of the main part near the fan of FIG.

7 is a front view showing the mutual relationship between the fan and the air flow duct in the main part structure of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hull 2 1st fan 2a 2nd fan 3 Thrust generating air flow 3a Propulsion duct 4,5, 5a Guide vane 6 Rotating shaft 7,7a Hub 8,8a Hub 10 Open / close valve 10a Sliding open / close valve 11 Spring 12 Propulsion Air flow 12a Duct opening 13 Bleed air flow 13a Duct opening 14 Bleed air duct 14a Bleed air duct cross section 15 Bleed air port 16 Bleed air chamber 16a Opening 17 Pressure sensor 18 Air cushion controller 19 Actuator 20 Disc 20a Arcuate opening 20b Arcuate opening 20a Mutual Part

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An air cushion ship having an air cushion chamber for levitation of a hull at the bottom of the ship, and a fan which is used both to supply compressed air to the air cushion chamber and to generate thrust for navigation. The fan is composed of a long-diameter first fan and a short-diameter second fan coaxially arranged in front and rear, and is accelerated by the hub-side rotor blade portion of the first fan, and further the second fan rotor blade. An air extraction duct that guides the overall accelerated air flow to the air cushion chamber via the air extraction chamber behind the second fan, and the air flow accelerated by the tip side moving blade portion of the first fan is used for generating thrust. An air cushion with a two-stage fan, characterized in that a propulsion duct for guiding to the rear is provided, and an on-off valve that can switch a part of the extracted air to the rear for switching to propulsion is provided in the bleeding chamber. ship. 2. The air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing valve is configured as a pressure adjusting valve with a spring that automatically opens in response to a rise in pressure in the extraction chamber. An air cushion ship with a two-stage fan. 3. An air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to claim 1, wherein a pressure sensor for detecting an internal pressure of the air cushion chamber, and control of the opening / closing valve in response to a detection signal from the pressure sensor. An air cushion ship with a two-stage fan, characterized by being provided with an air cushion controller. 4. The air cushion ship with a two-stage fan according to claim 3, wherein the opening / closing valve slides along an edge of the opening formed in the rear wall of the bleeding chamber. An air cushion ship with a two-stage fan, which is configured as a sliding on-off valve having a sliding plate for opening and closing an opening.