JPH08258464A - Construction work ve work sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a construction work VE work sheet in which the conversion of a function can be efficiently conducted in a short time by previously arranging and recording restricting conditions, its item and content when the conditions of the work are corrected by a problem point expression, and converting it to functions. CONSTITUTION: A construction work VE work sheet is used when the restricting conditions of a construction work are corrected to a problem point expression and converted to functions, and comprises condition columns in which the characters of a natural condition, a society condition, ordering condition, legal condition are filled in a plurality of areas partitioned from above to below of a left end, an item column, a content column, a fact column, a problem point expression column, a conversion yes/no column, and a functional column, wherein characters for indicating the contents are filled in the respective item columns.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to construction work software VE.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art VE (Value Engineer)
Is, in general, to get the desired effect at the lowest cost,
This is a method for analyzing the functions of products and the like to try to solve problems and improve them. In recent years, VE has been attracting attention in various fields. On the other hand, in construction work, there are various conditions peculiar to construction work such as selection of construction method, work procedure, quality, workability, safety, construction period, legal regulation, and climatic conditions.

[0003]

Therefore, in construction work, unlike the case where a general VE is used to solve a problem or improve a product or the like, various kinds of conditions as described above become an obstacle and the result of the VE There was a problem that was hard to achieve. The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to think of things and so-called hard VEs.
It is to provide a construction work VE worksheet that makes it easy to achieve the results of VE in construction work by standardizing the function definition that is the basic step of VE from both sides of soft VE.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a construction work VE worksheet used for converting a constraint condition of construction work into a problem expression and converting it into a function, which is at the left end. In a plurality of areas divided from above to below, the condition columns in which the letters of natural conditions, social conditions, ordering conditions and legal conditions are entered respectively, and the item columns consecutively arranged on the right side of each condition column, A content column, a fact column, a problem expression column, a conversion necessity column, and a function column are provided, and the contents of the corresponding condition columns on the left side are specifically entered in the item columns. To do. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the contents of the corresponding item columns on the left side are specifically written in the respective contents columns.

Further, the present invention is a construction work VE worksheet used for converting problems other than constraint conditions of construction work into functions, which are managed in a plurality of areas divided from the left end to the top. Items, resource items, and other item columns that are filled in with letters, and the letters of quality, cost, process, and safety that are displayed vertically on the right side of the item column for the above-mentioned control items and that display the contents of the above-mentioned control items Four content columns, and three content columns in which the letters of labor, material / machine, and construction method, which are consecutively arranged vertically on the right side of the item column of the resource item and which represent the content of the resource item, are written, One content column that is connected to the right side of the other item column and has the characters of inspection, transportation, and management indicating the above other content, and a problem expression column that is connected to the right side of each content column Equipped with necessity column and function column It is characterized in.

[0006]

By using the construction work VE worksheet according to the present invention, when the construction work constraint condition is converted into a problem expression and converted into a function, the constraint condition, its items, and contents are arranged in advance and described. Therefore, the function conversion can be efficiently performed in a short time. When the construction work VE worksheet according to the present invention is used, when converting problems other than the constraint conditions of the construction work into functions, items and contents of the problem other than the constraint conditions are arranged and described in advance. Therefore, the function conversion can be efficiently performed in a short time. Therefore, the results of VE can be easily and surely achieved in the construction work.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of the construction work software VE according to the embodiment. In the construction work software VE according to the embodiment, “selection of target theme”, “definition of function”, “evaluation of function”, “preparation of improvement plan”, “implementation / report” are performed in this order. Steps will be described in order. still,
The present invention uses the worksheet 2 used in "Definition of functions"
And is applied to Worksheet 3.

Selection of target theme (1) In "selection of target theme", a target theme that matches the construction goal is selected by a theme selection meeting or the like. In this case, select a concrete and coherent theme instead of a complicated and large theme. (2) In addition, when selecting the target theme,
Prepare specifications, construction plans, quotations, etc. and investigate information on work procedures. (3) Regarding the target theme, for example, using the worksheet 0 shown in FIG. 2, the current state drawing and work procedure are confirmed, and then the current cost of materials, labor, outsourcing, transportation, etc. is calculated.

Definition of function " Definition of function" is to convert a wide variety of conditions of construction work into a function, confirm the function peculiar to the construction work, evaluate the function, and link to problem solving and improvement. This is the most important basic step in construction work VE. In the "definition of function", a function is defined from work procedures, constraints, or problems. In particular, functions defined with consideration of constraints and problems are useful for solving problems at the construction stage, so it is necessary to actively incorporate them.

(1) Function extraction from work procedure In function definition, first, function extraction from work procedure is performed. Specifically, the work sheet 1 shown in FIG. 3 is used to organize the work procedure regarding the target theme, and the function is extracted in consideration of the purpose of the work. More specifically, first, a work flow chart is created. In this case, the work normally performed on the VE target is written in plain language. Then, the written work is arranged according to the procedure to create a flowchart. The number of items in the flow chart is about 10 considering the level of work. Review the above flow chart, omit unnecessary ones, add necessary supplements and complete the flow chart.

After the flow chart is completed, the function is clearly defined by "noun + verb" for each work of the flow chart. Considering the purpose of the next higher function, the number is extracted about 1 to 2. Of the extracted functions, those that are not functions or that do not fit the purpose are deleted.

(2) Function Conversion from Constraint Conditions After the functions are defined for each work in the flowchart, the function conversion from the constraint conditions is performed using the worksheet 2 (see FIG. 4) according to the present invention. Here, the constraint conditions mean various external conditions that must be taken some measure when the construction work is performed, and include the 4 conditions and 7 items shown in Table 1.

[0013]

[Table 1]

The worksheet 2 is divided into a plurality of areas divided from the upper end of the paper to the lower end thereof under natural conditions,
It has a condition column in which letters of social condition, order condition and legal condition are written. On the right side of the condition column of the natural condition, first and second item columns are arranged in series vertically. The third, fourth, and fifth item columns are arranged in series vertically on the right side of the condition column of the social condition. A sixth item column is arranged on the right side of the condition column of the ordering condition, and a seventh item column is arranged on the right side of the condition column of the legal condition.
Item columns are arranged consecutively. Further, on the right side of each of the first to seventh item columns, a content column, a fact column, a problem expression column, a conversion necessity column,
Function columns are arranged in series, and the function column is located at the right edge of the paper.

Characters of concrete contents corresponding to each condition are entered in each item column. That is, the characters of topography and soil are written in the first item column, and the characters of weather condition are written in the second item column. Characters of traffic conditions are entered in the third item column, characters of neighborhood conditions are entered in the fourth item column, and other characters due to local circumstances are entered in the fifth item column. Furthermore, the character of the orderer is entered in the sixth item column, the government agencies in the seventh item column,
Characters of prefecture, city, police, labor group, fire department, road, sewage, river are entered,

Further, in the content column on the right side of each item column, characters of concrete contents corresponding to each item are entered. Explaining in detail, in the content column on the right side of the first item column, the terrain,
Geology, groundwater, and (restriction of drainage) are entered.
In the content column on the right side of the second item column, characters of rain, snow, wind, heat, cold, and tide level are entered. In the content column on the right side of the third item column, characters of traffic regulation and road condition are entered. In the content column to the right of the fourth item column, the characters of neighborhood pollution and neighborhood agreement are entered. In the content column on the right side of the fifth item column, the characters of the obstacles on the ground, the buried objects in the underground, and other work environments are entered. In the content column on the right side of the sixth item column, the construction period (whole, intermediate), quality (grade ABC), specifications, materials, and characters designated by the vendor are entered. In the content column on the right side of the seventh item column, letters of laws and guidance items are entered.

When converting the function from the constraint condition using such a worksheet 2, first, the fact is extracted and the fact column is entered. In this case, while checking the contents of the conditions and items in Table 1, the facts that problems may occur in the future regarding the VE target theme are extracted. When extracting facts, use numerical values as much as possible to provide objectivity. Also, we will examine whether the extracted facts really cause a problem for the VE subject, and as a result, we will exclude those that are not necessary. Then, the fact is made into a problem expression and entered in the problem expression column. In this case, consider what kind of problem the extracted fact causes, and make it a problem expression.
Further, it is determined whether or not it is necessary to convert the problem into a function, and enter a mark of, for example, XX in the conversion necessity column.
Once the facts are expressed as problems, then the problems are converted into functions and entered in the function column. In this case, the function is converted by "noun + verb" according to the problem. In principle, the function conversion method is performed by simply reversing the meaning of the problem. If reversing does not work, consider ways to solve the problem. Worksheet 2
In, the constraint conditions peculiar to the construction work are arranged and described in advance in the condition column, item column, and content column. Therefore, from the extraction of the above facts to the function conversion of "noun + verb" in a short time. It becomes possible to carry out efficiently.

(3) Functional conversion from problems Here, the problems are problems caused by factors other than the constraint conditions, and are mainly those related to construction management. In the function conversion from the problem, the worksheet 3 according to the present invention is used.
(See FIG. 5) is used.

The worksheet 3 has management items in a plurality of areas divided from the upper end to the lower end of the sheet.
It has an item column in which resource items and other characters are entered.
On the right side of the item column of the management item, four content columns in which the characters of quality, cost, process, and safety are entered are displayed in a row so as to display the contents of the management item in a row. Labor that represents the contents of the resource items arranged vertically on the right side of the item column of the resource item,
There are three content columns in which the letters of materials / machines and construction methods are entered. On the right side of the other item column, one content column in which characters of inspection, transportation, and management indicating the above-mentioned other contents are written is continuously provided. Further, a problem expression column other than the constraint condition, a conversion necessity column, and a function column are consecutively provided on the right side of each of the above content columns, and the function column is located at the right end of the paper.

When converting a function from a problem using such a worksheet 3, first, the problem is extracted,
Fill in the problem expression column. To identify problems, quality, cost, construction period, process of management items, labor and materials of safety and resource items, materials, methods, construction methods, and other (inspection, transportation, management) items are used as checklists for problems other than constraint conditions. Examine whether there is one or not, and remove about 1-2 pieces. Once you have raised the problem, the problem here is important for VE target,
The necessity is determined in consideration of whether it is a problem that needs to be converted into a function, and a mark of, for example, is written in the conversion necessity column. Next, convert the problem into a function and fill in the function column. The function conversion from this problem is converted into a function by "noun + verb" according to the problem. In principle, the function is converted by simply reversing the meaning of the problem. If reversal does not work, consider ways to solve the problem.
In Worksheet 3, the problems peculiar to construction work other than the constraint conditions are arranged and described in advance in the item column and the content column. Therefore, from the above problem extraction, the function conversion of "noun + verb" is performed. Can be efficiently performed in a short time.

(4) Arrangement of Functions In organizing functions, first, the functions defined by function extraction and function conversion are systematized based on the purpose-means relationship, and the worksheet 4 shown in FIG. 6 is used. To create a functional system diagram. By creating a functional system diagram, we confirm the functions that are truly required, find unnecessary functions, and confirm the legitimacy of the function definition. It also facilitates functional evaluation after checking the functional fields. Then, work is performed in the following order. Make the function a card. The function extracted from the work procedure and the function converted from the constraint condition and the problem are made into a card to facilitate the function organization. That is, the defined function is written out to the card. The defined function is marked with the following mark so that the mother of origin can be identified. Work procedure- (work), constraint- (control), problem- (question)

Consider the purpose-means relationship. Consider all defined functions one by one in relation to purpose and means.
Then, the following questions are associated with the functions that are made into cards. "Why do you need that function?", "By what means are you trying to achieve that function?" The first question is to pursue a higher level function, that is, the purpose, and the second question is It is for pursuing subordinate functions, that is, means. If there are many functions,
It is also possible to add a function system diagram prototype by adding only the functions from the work procedure, excluding the functions given by constraints and problems. Check the functional system diagram. Once all cards have been organized, check again to complete the functional diagram. Specifically, confirm that the logical relationship from the higher-level function to the lower-level function is correct and that it is the relationship between the purpose and the means. It also adds a new feature in the middle when the cards don't connect well. If there are two or more cards with the same function, paste the card that has been converted due to restrictions or problems.

Evaluation of Function Next, the function is evaluated. Function evaluation is performed by weighting the evaluation items such as quality, workability, safety, and process, centering on the current cost, and then assigning points. Then, the target field with high VE efficiency is selected and the arrival procedure rank is determined. For the functional evaluation, the work is performed in the following order, and then the worksheet 5 shown in FIG. 7 is used. Determine the functional area to be evaluated. In addition, in order to perform functional evaluation, F _{1 is} added to the functional field of the completed system diagram (Fig. 6),
Mark it as F ₂ . Here, the number of functional fields is 5
Approximately 10 pieces. Determine the weight value of the evaluation item. As a general rule, the five evaluation items are the current cost allocation ratio, quality, safety, and workability. Also, depending on the VE target theme, items other than the current cost allocation ratio can be used by replacing them with the following evaluation items. Reliability, maintainability, legality, operability, workability, transportability, dismantling, environmental compatibility Also, the current cost allocation ratio must be 10 points, and the remaining evaluation items are within 10 points depending on the VE target. To decide.

Determine an evaluation point. Check the relationship between each evaluation item and the functional field, and fill the upper left corner of the relevant part with black. Then, the functional fields F ₁ , F ₂ , ... Are checked in order from the distribution ratio of the current cost of each evaluation item.
Next, the quality of the evaluation items is checked in the order of the functional fields F ₁ , F ₂ , ... In the same manner as above. Similarly, check other evaluation items. Next, each functional field is scored with the highest score as a head for each evaluation item, and the evaluation points are aggregated for each functional field. Determine the order of arrival. Once the evaluation points have been aggregated for each functional field, the magnitudes of the aggregated values are compared, and the ones with the highest values are started in order. In this case, check if the function is a function converted from (control) or (question), and mark with ⊚. Then, taking the above (system) and (question) into consideration, the final ranking is decided, and the functions up to the second highest level are taken up.

Preparation of improvement plan In the preparation of the improvement plan, as many ideas as possible are put out and embodied by the brainstorming method. Evaluate it roughly and select a possible idea. Then, the selected ideas will be examined in detail, refined, and finally, the necessary functions will be surely achieved, and the improvement plans will be economically satisfied. Specifically, the improvement plan is created in the order of and below. Idea generation and materialization When creating and embodying ideas, worksheets 6 shown in Figs. 8 and 9 are used to pick up the target function selected as the first place in the arrival procedure and perform brainstorming. Give out. Next, we will focus on the second highest function. In the idea generation and implementation of ideas, one worksheet is used for each target field.

In the idea generation and materialization of ideas, many ideas are put out by the power of the group, and the number of ideas is 30 or more. Then, the idea is embodied, and the whole idea is reviewed based on the given idea, and it is expressed in a simple sketch, either alone or in combination of 2 to 3 without any bias. In this case, the sketch may be a simple freehand one. The number of sketches should be around 10 for each functional field. When you have a sketch, briefly explain the idea. In the sketch, write the dimensions, materials, etc. within the range that you can understand. After the above work, sketches are selected. In this case, select the technical and economic criteria as scales and enter ○ △ × in the upper right frame of the sketch column.
And, in consideration of ○ △, leave two plans in one functional field,
Only the remaining plans are given a title that shows the characteristics of the idea.

Overcoming Defects of Improvement Proposal and General Evaluation When the idea generation and materialization are completed, the defect of the remaining idea is extracted using the worksheet 7 shown in FIG. Specifically, the VE target and the embodied sketch are compared to identify defects. One of the drawbacks is fatal
Remove two. Then, come up with the idea of overcoming the shortcomings. Specifically, we will come up with ideas for eliminating and eliminating the defects that have been identified. The number of ideas is about 1 to 2 for one defect. If an idea that overcomes the shortcomings appears but cannot be overcome, the overall evaluation is set to x and the idea is not adopted. Also, with the idea of overcoming defects,
If the sketch needs to be modified, the sketch on the worksheet 6 is modified. After inventing the idea of overcoming the drawbacks, this time, the ideas are combined. In this case, combinations are made for each functional field, and two plans that can be implemented as final plans are created. Then, a rough evaluation of the improvement plan is performed. Specifically, as a rough evaluation of the functional aspects, based on the evaluation criteria for each of the remaining functional fields, one proposal and two proposals are compared with the current situation, ◎, ○,
Evaluate with x. As a rough evaluation of costs, we will evaluate the costs of 1 and 2 plans in comparison with the current situation. Finally, make a comprehensive judgment and narrow down the final plan to one.

Preparation of Improvement Proposal In preparation of the improvement proposal, the contents of the final proposal are described in the VE embodiment proposal / report and summarized. Specifically, first, the planes and cross sections before and after the improvement are written using the worksheet 8 shown in FIG. 11 so that the detailed drawings can be compared. In addition, as a summary of the points of improvement, describe the problems before improvement, the points of focus and the contents after improvement. In addition, as the cost of the improvement plan, the cost is calculated for each subject and item and compared with the current cost before improvement. In this case, the CD amount, the CD rate, the labor saving rate, and the investment efficiency are calculated. Also, enter the strengths and problems as characteristics of the improvement plan.

Implementation, Report Implementation, In the implementation of the report, the final proposal will be implemented in actual construction for the contents described in the VE example proposal / report, and efforts will be made to achieve the results of the initial goal. During implementation, the person in charge will summarize the results while following along the way. Specifically, using the worksheet 8, first, the improvement plan is approved by the work site manager who is the person in charge of the implementation department, and the improvement plan is implemented at the work site. In this case, it is important to follow up with the work manager and the person in charge in order to realize the effect of the improvement plan. next,
After implementing the improvement plan, the person in charge confirms the result, and if it is the same as the final plan, the contents of the proposal / report are left unchanged, and if there are changes, the proposal / report is completed and the proposal / report is completed. .

[0030]

As is apparent from the above description, when the construction work VE worksheet according to the present invention is used, when the construction work constraint condition is converted into a problem expression and converted into a function, the constraint condition is converted. Since the items and the contents are arranged and described in advance, it becomes possible to efficiently perform the function conversion in a short time. Further, by using the construction work VE worksheet according to the present invention, when converting a problem other than the constraint condition of the construction work into a function, the item of the problem other than the constraint condition,
Since the contents are organized and described in advance, it becomes possible to efficiently perform the function conversion in a short time. Therefore,
When solving a problem related to construction work by VE, the function definition, which is a basic step of VE, can be efficiently performed in a short time, and the result of VE can be easily and surely achieved in the construction work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of construction work software VE according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of worksheet 0.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 1.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 2.

5 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 3. FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 4.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 5.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 6.

9 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 6. FIG.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 7.

11 is an explanatory diagram of a worksheet 8. FIG.

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 26, 1995

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0002

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art VE (Value Engineeri)
ng ) is a method for analyzing the function of a product or the like to try to solve or improve the problem in order to obtain the necessary effect at the lowest cost, and VE has been attracting attention in various fields in recent years. is there. On the other hand, in construction work, selection of construction method, work procedure, quality, workability, safety, construction period,
There are various conditions specific to construction work such as legal regulations and climatic conditions.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ishi ▲ Saki ▼ Mitsuru 4-6-15 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Within Fujita Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A construction work VE worksheet used for converting a construction work constraint condition into a problem expression and converting it into a function, each of which is a natural area in a plurality of areas divided from top left to bottom left. Conditions, social conditions, ordering conditions, legal conditions, and condition columns, and item columns, content columns, fact columns, problem expression columns, and conversion necessity A construction work VE worksheet, which comprises a column and a function column, and in each of the item columns, the content of the corresponding condition column on the left side is specifically written. 2. The construction work VE worksheet according to claim 1, wherein the contents of the corresponding item columns on the left side are specifically entered in the respective contents columns. 3. A construction work VE worksheet used for converting a problem other than a constraint condition of construction work into a function, wherein a management item and a resource item are respectively provided in a plurality of areas divided from the upper end to the left end. , The item column in which other characters are entered, and the four items in which the characters of quality, cost, process, and safety are entered in which the contents of the above-mentioned control items are displayed in a row arranged vertically on the right side of the control item field A content column, three content columns in which the letters of labor, material / machinery, and construction method, which are consecutively arranged vertically on the right side of the item column of the resource item and represent the content of the resource item, are entered, and the other item column One content column that is serially installed on the right side of the above and has the characters of inspection, transportation, and management that represent the above-mentioned other contents, and a problem expression field and a conversion necessity field that are serially installed on the right side of each content field It has a function column and Construction work VE worksheet to collect.