JPH0825171A - Nozzle device for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a nozzle device which can be additionally provided applicably to also a spindle of arbitrary external diameter while connecting in series each nozzle unit by particular piping excellent in flexibility of suitable degree, transmittability of rotational torque and feedability of cutting fluid. CONSTITUTION:In the periphery of a spindle in a machine tool, a plurality of nozzle units N are swivelably arranged, to connect in series each nozzle unit by a drive supply flow pipe 11, also to communicate with a separately provided drive source SM and cutting fluid supply source C, and in addition to swiveling all together a direction of each nozzle by the drive supply flow pipe 11 in the drive source, a cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source C is fed through the drive supply flow pipe 11 to each nozzle (n).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coolant nozzle direction control device for a machine tool, and more particularly to a coupling drive structure of a type in which a plurality of nozzles are installed around a spindle and a control technique therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a machining center or the like for automatically exchanging tools having different shapes and sizes, it is necessary to control the nozzle direction to an optimum position for the tool. As a technique for controlling the nozzle direction at the tip of the tool in response to this tool exchange, a technique disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 1-34748 has been proposed. That is, the processing condition (nozzle direction) for one tool is set and stored by the play back method so that the processing condition (nozzle direction) is set again each time the tool is changed. The processing condition (nozzle direction) is first set and stored, and the memory of the corresponding tool direction is read by the tool number signal from the numerical control device to control the nozzle direction.

In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-134535, in the case of a tool having a long tool length or a tool having a large tool diameter, a plurality of nozzles are set around the spindle and the tool is cooled by cutting fluid sprayed from each nozzle. It is configured to lubricate and simultaneously adjust the nozzle directions. This interlocking configuration is
One drive motor or the like adjusts the direction of each nozzle by interposing a ring gear or a link mechanism, and the cutting fluid is supplied to each nozzle by a pipe that is separately provided.

[0004]

In the nozzle device having a plurality of nozzles around the main shaft, not only is the mechanism for simultaneously controlling the nozzle directions complicated, but a large space for mounting the nozzles around the main shaft is required. In addition, cutting fluid piping must be provided separately, which is also difficult to retrofit. In particular, when the outer diameter of the main shaft is different, there is a problem in that a dedicated design must be performed in accordance with this.

Further, in a conventional playback type nozzle direction control device, a tool type signal from the NC control device is received, the stored nozzle direction command value corresponding to the tool is called, and the control unit executes the command. The nozzle direction is controlled by comparing it with a target value. Therefore, since the control unit and the NC control device must be connected to each other,
In order to retrofit the nozzle device to the existing machine tool, the connection of the signal system has to be matched, and the control system for calling the corresponding tool and its stored contents from the tool type signal becomes complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and each nozzle unit is connected in series by a special pipe excellent in flexibility, rotational torque transmission and cutting fluid supply. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a nozzle device which can be attached to a main shaft having an arbitrary outer diameter.

Further, the direction of the nozzle is taught as the actual tool tip direction, or the tip of the tool mounted on the spindle from the machining drawing is sequentially stored in the memory as an angle calculated in advance, and every time the tool is changed by machining the workpiece. It is an object of the present invention to provide a nozzle device that controls the nozzle direction by recalling the stored nozzle direction command value every time the tool is changed.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides claim 1 of the invention in which a plurality of nozzle units are swingably arranged on the outer periphery of a spindle of a machine tool, and each nozzle unit is driven. In addition to being connected in series by a supply pipe, it is connected to a separate drive source and cutting liquid supply source, and the direction of each nozzle is swung by the drive supply pipe at the same time by the above drive source A nozzle device of a machine tool, characterized in that the supply of cutting fluid from a source is supplied to each nozzle via a drive supply pipe.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the drive supply pipe connecting the plurality of nozzle units is a flexible pipe capable of transmitting a rotational force and allowing fluid to pass therethrough. It is a nozzle device of a machine tool according to claim 1.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the nozzle direction is sequentially stored in a memory as a result of teaching by manual operation or the like in the order of tools mounted on the spindle. The nozzle device of a machine tool is characterized in that the stored nozzle direction command value is called in a tool replacement order to control the nozzle direction.

Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the direction of the nozzle is sequentially stored in the memory as an angle in which the tip of the tool to be mounted on the spindle is preliminarily calculated from the tool size, and is stored each time the tool is replaced by machining the workpiece. The nozzle device of a machine tool is characterized in that the nozzle direction command value is called every time the tool is changed to control the nozzle direction.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the FMS line, the sequencer of each machine tool for inputting the work selection signal from the central processing unit or the like is one of the work machining programs stored in advance from the input work selection signal. 5. The FMS applying the nozzle device according to claim 3, wherein the nozzle direction control is independently performed for each tool change by this work machining program.
It is a line.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the nozzles arranged on the outer circumference of the main shaft are connected in series by the drive feed pipe, when the drive feed pipe is rotationally driven, the nozzles all move in the same direction. Is controlled. Then, when the cutting fluid is supplied from the cutting fluid source to the drive supply pipe, the cutting fluid is simultaneously jetted from each nozzle. In particular, one drive supply pipe exhibits two functions of rotating in the nozzle direction and supplying cutting fluid.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the drive power supply pipe having suitable flexibility, transmission of rotational torque, and feedability of cutting fluid is used to transmit rotational power and supply cutting fluid. It has two functions. In particular, since the rotation power can be transmitted and the cutting fluid can be supplied on the concentric shaft, the space can be saved, the structure can be simplified, and an arbitrary spindle outer diameter can be applied.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, each nozzle arranged on the outer circumference of the main spindle teaches and stores the nozzle direction corresponding to each tool, and during the machining of the workpiece, the nozzle control is performed by receiving the tool exchange signal in the order of the tools used. Playback control. In particular, according to this method, it is not necessary to compare and extract the corresponding tool and its nozzle direction command value by the tool type signal, and the processing means and processing method are simplified.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, each nozzle arranged on the outer circumference of the spindle stores the angle calculated by the tool dimension in the nozzle direction corresponding to each tool, and at the time of machining the workpiece, the tool change signal of the tool used. In response to this, the direction of the nozzle is controlled. In particular, according to this method, it is not necessary to compare and extract the corresponding tool and its nozzle direction command value by the tool type signal, and the processing means and processing method are simplified.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the nozzle direction control corresponding to the tool used can be performed even when changing the machining work, and the data change is received by each machine tool which receives a collective work selection signal from the central processing unit CPU. Sequencer does this individually.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the drawings including the technology described in each claim of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the present invention. A machine tool is a table on which a work is placed and a tool T.
1 is equipped with a spindle 1 and a spindle head 2 thereof, and an arm 10 of an ATC device for exchanging various tools T1.

A plurality of sets of nozzle units N, such as cutting fluid, which can be controlled in direction, are provided at the lower end of the outer periphery of the spindle head 2 of the machine tool. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the nozzle unit N is rotatably supported by a substantially U-shaped holder H, and the holder H is fixed to the outer circumference of the spindle head 2 by a tightening band B. . Then, the plurality of nozzle units N
In order to direct the nozzles n to the tip of the outer periphery of the tool T1, the nozzles are simultaneously controlled in conjunction with that direction (details will be described later). For each nozzle n, for example, the direction is stored in advance by a teaching method in which the tip of each tool mounted on the spindle is visually oriented, and the nozzle direction is playback-controlled corresponding to each tool during machining of a workpiece (details will be described later). . Alternatively, the nozzle direction is sequentially stored in the memory as an angle calculated in advance from the tool size (tool length, tool outer diameter) to the tool tip to be mounted on the spindle, and the stored nozzle direction command is stored every time the tool is replaced by machining a workpiece. The value is called every time the tool is changed, and the nozzle direction is controlled (details will be given later).

That is, each of the nozzle units N shown in FIG.
2 and 4, the direction control of each nozzle n and the cutting fluid C
Are connected in series by a drive supply pipe 11 which has an appropriate degree of flexibility, a rotational torque transmission property, and a cutting fluid supply property. Then, a flexible source F or the like is connected to a drive source SM (for example, a motor with an encoder E) that is a remote control unit provided separately, and the arm 10 or the like operates the limit switch LS at the tool replacement position O1 to send this replacement signal. The control unit MC of the receiving sequencer 100 activates the motor (servo motor with encoder E, etc.) SM via the drive D1, and the tool T shown by the solid line for the nozzle n.
1 is rotated in the front end direction A from the hanging standby position (O).
Further, a cutting fluid supply source (not shown) is also connected via a supply pipe P.

Next, the structure of the nozzle unit N, the structure of the drive supply pipe 11, the connection structure between them, and the function of the connection relation sequencer 100 with the drive source SM and the cutting fluid supply source will be described. First, three types of nozzle units N are prepared as shown in FIG. 4, and the simplest nozzle unit N1 has a support tube 12 in which a pair of engaging grooves 12A for supporting the holder H are provided. The nozzle n is screwed to the central part of the, and both ends constitute the connection part 12B with the drive supply pipe 11. Further, in the swing-type nozzle unit N2, the joint 13 is screwed to the central portion of the support tube 12, and the swing nozzle n'is fitted into this spherical surface, and the nozzle direction can be adjusted manually. And, the connecting portion 12 with the drive supply pipe 11 at both ends
Configure B.

Further, in the third nozzle unit N3 for inputting the rotational force and the cutting fluid, the cylinder body 14 is fixed to the spindle head 2, and the shaft cylinder 15 fitted in the fitting hole 14A is provided on the left outer peripheral side. The nozzle n is screwed. Then, a connection portion 15A with the drive supply pipe 11 is formed on the left end face. A driving liquid supply unit K is configured in the nozzle unit N3. That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, a worm wheel 15B is cut on the outer periphery of the shaft cylinder 15 in the cylinder body 14, and the worm wheel 15B is attached to this.
The worm 16 supported by 4 meshes with and is connected to the drive source SM via the flexible wire F. Then, the rotation of the drive source SM is decelerated, the shaft cylinder 15 is rotated at a low speed, and the direction of the nozzle n attached thereto is rocked. Further, the cylindrical body 14 is provided with a supply port 14C for the cutting fluid C, which connects the cutting fluid through the through hole 14D to the through hole 15D in the worm wheel 15B to form a path to the nozzle.

FIG. 9 shows the nozzle unit N shown in FIGS.
3, the driving liquid supply unit K of the nozzle unit N3 according to the second embodiment is provided with two nozzles n, n and two supply ports 14C for the cutting liquid C in order to enable the supply of a large amount of cutting liquid. Make up ´. The difference from FIGS. 4 and 8 is that the barrel 1
5 is provided with a supply port 14C at the right end, and the shaft cylinder 15
Since the two nozzles n and n are provided on the left and right sides of the above, the other components have the same configuration, and therefore the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted. An embodiment using this driving liquid supply unit K'is shown in FIG.

Next, each nozzle unit N (N1, N
2 and N3), the structure of the drive supply pipe 11 is shown in FIG.
It is as shown in 5, 6, and 7. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the drive supply pipe 11 is a spiral flexible pipe 2 capable of transmitting the bending and rotating force T and the cutting fluid C.
In order to cover the cutting fluid leaking from the flexible tube 20, the central portion is formed by 0, and a covering tube 21 of a bellows tube made of a material such as rubber that is flexible and bendable as shown in FIG. It has a heavy pipe structure. Then, the flexible tube 20 and the covering tube 2
At both ends of 1, the connecting portions 20A, 20 with the connecting portion 12B are provided.
It has A and 21A, 21A, respectively, and is connected as shown in FIG. A ring 23 for preventing expansion due to leakage of cutting fluid is fitted to the small-diameter portion of the bellows tube of the covering tube 21.

The flexible tube 20 serving as the drive supply tube 11 is
The one shown in FIG. 7 can also be adopted. That is, in the flexible tube 200 of FIG. 7A, a core material 210 wound in a spiral (coil) shape is covered with a rubber tube 220. Further, the flexible tube 200 ′ of FIG. 7B is a mesh-shaped copper wire 210 ′ covered with a rubber tube 220.
Further, the flexible tube 3 in which the covering tube 21 of the bellows tube in FIG. 5 is changed
00 is a bellows tube that can be expanded and contracted and has a strong twisting force.

Therefore, the flexible tubes 20 and 20 having an appropriate degree of flexibility, excellent transmission of rotational torque, and excellent feedability of cutting fluid.
Performs two functions of transmitting rotational force and supplying cutting fluid with 0,300. In particular, one flexible tube 20, 200, 30
Since the transmission of the turning power and the supply of the cutting fluid can be carried out on the concentric shaft, the space saving and the simplification of the configuration and the function and effect that it can be applied to any outer diameter of the spindle can be achieved.

Since each nozzle unit N is connected to the drive supply pipe 11 and connected to the drive source SM and the cutting liquid supply source via the drive supply liquid unit K, the drive source SM is directly connected. The direction is controlled simultaneously by the reverse rotation, and the cutting fluid is jetted at the same time by supplying the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source.

A control system centering on the sequencer 100 for controlling each of the above parts will be described with reference to FIG. Sequencer 10
0 is an I / O circuit 50 for inputting a tool exchange signal from the limit switch LS, a switching signal from the teaching and play back changeover switch S1 and an "up move", "down move" and "memory" command from the teaching BOX. Receiving these commands, the nozzle direction command value is stored in the memory M, and the stored nozzle direction command value is sequentially called by the tool change signal from the limit switch LS to drive the drive D1.
And a control unit MC for driving the drive source SM via the command value.

The drive source SM controls the direction of the nozzle n.
A command value from the encoder E for adjusting according to the turning angle is stored in the memory M as data of a nozzle direction command value corresponding to each tool at the time of teaching. And
The nozzle direction control at the time of play back is based on open loop control in which a tool change signal from the limit switch LS is received, the nozzle direction command value is sequentially output, and the drive source SM is sequentially rotationally controlled. (Comparison control by the encoder E is not performed). Then, as shown in FIG. 10, for all tools used for machining one workpiece, (ATC operation order NO1, NO2,
...) corresponding to the nozzle inclination θ (θ1, θ2, θ
3, ...) is stored in the memory M as nozzle direction command values (M1, M
2, M3, ...) are sequentially stored. And when playing back with tool exchange due to work machining,
In response to the tool change signal from the limit switch LS that operates corresponding to the ATC operation order NO1, NO2, ..., This nozzle direction command value is sequentially output, and the motor SM is sequentially rotated and controlled.

Of course, when the data of the nozzle direction command value corresponding to each tool is stored in the memory M, as shown in FIG. 11, the tip of the tool mounted on the spindle is calculated as an angle from the tool size and stored in the memory. The method of sequentially storing in is also adopted. That is, the tool TI mounted on the tip of the spindle 1.
The tool length L, which is the tool size, and the tool outer diameter D are variables, and the radius (distance) A from the spindle center to the nozzle n and the distance B from the spindle end to the nozzle n swivel center are constants. When the constants A and B are stored in the sequencer 100 as parameters and L and D are input by the ten-key TK, the internal calculation is performed and the nozzle turning angle θ (θ1, θ2, θ
3, ...) is stored in the memory M as nozzle direction command values (M1, M
2, M3, ...) are sequentially stored for each tool. Then, at the time of play back accompanied by tool exchange due to work machining, the nozzle direction command value is sequentially output in response to the tool exchange signal from the limit switch LS that operates corresponding to the ATC operation sequence NO1, NO2, .... , The drive reduction SM is sequentially controlled to rotate.

The nozzle device of the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. First, since the nozzles n arranged on the outer circumference of the main shaft are connected in series by the drive supply pipe 11, when the drive supply pipe 11 is rotationally driven by the motor SM, the directions of the nozzles are controlled simultaneously n. It Then, when the cutting fluid C is supplied from the cutting fluid source to the drive supply pipe 11, the cutting fluid is simultaneously jetted from each nozzle. In particular, the action of exhibiting two functions of rotation in the nozzle direction and supply of cutting fluid by one drive supply pipe is a feature of the present invention.

Further, according to the present invention, the flexible tube 2 is excellent in appropriate flexibility, transmission of rotational torque and delivery of cutting fluid.
The drive flow pipes 11 of 0, 200, and 300 perform two functions, that is, transmission of the rotational force T that controls the nozzle direction and supply of the cutting fluid C. Particularly, since the transmission of the turning force and the supply of the cutting fluid can be performed on the concentric shaft by one flexible tube, there is the effect that the space can be saved, the structure can be simplified, and an arbitrary outer diameter of the spindle can be applied. Has become a feature of.

Further, according to the present invention, each nozzle n arranged on the outer circumference 2 of the main spindle teaches and stores the nozzle direction corresponding to each tool by visual measurement, and receives a tool exchange signal in the order of the tools used during work machining. Playback control of nozzle control. In particular, according to this method, there is no need to compare and extract the corresponding tool and its nozzle direction command value based on the tool type signal, which is a feature that the processing means and the processing method can be simplified.

For each nozzle arranged on the outer circumference of the spindle, the nozzle direction corresponding to each tool is input as the tool size (tool length L, tool outer diameter D), and the constant A between the spindle 1 and the nozzle n mounting position is set. , B, the nozzle rotation angle θ calculated is stored, and the direction of the nozzle is controlled in response to a tool exchange signal of the tool used during machining of the workpiece. In particular, according to this method, it is not necessary to mount the tool on the spindle and finely adjust the nozzle in the tool tip direction.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and design changes can be freely made within the scope of the invention. For example, the nozzle data corresponding to the tool to be used may be input together with each work machining program from an IC card as shown in FIG.

Further, although the above embodiment is an explanation of one machine tool, it is shown in FIG.
In the line, the central processing unit CPU or the like is provided with a function of outputting a work selection signal, and each machine tool M1, M2, M
3 as work selection signals e1, e2, e3.
This calls up the corresponding one of the workpiece machining programs stored in the sequencer 100 of each machine, and this program has the effect of independently performing nozzle direction control for each tool change.

[0037]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the nozzles arranged on the outer circumference of the main shaft are connected in series by the drive supply pipe, and when the drive supply pipe is rotationally driven, the directions of the nozzles are controlled at the same time, and the cutting is performed. When cutting fluid is supplied from the liquid source to the drive supply pipe,
Cutting fluid is jetted simultaneously from each nozzle. In particular, the rotation of the nozzle and the supply of the cutting fluid are controlled by a single drive supply pipe.
It has the effect of exerting one function.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided two types of transmission of the turning power and the supply of the cutting fluid by the flexible tube having an appropriate degree of flexibility, the transmission of the rotating torque and the feedability of the cutting fluid. To act. In particular, since the transmission of the turning force and the supply of the cutting fluid can be performed on the concentric shaft by one flexible tube, there is an effect that space is saved, the configuration is simplified, and an arbitrary spindle outer diameter can be applied.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, each nozzle arranged on the outer periphery of the main spindle teaches and memorizes the nozzle direction corresponding to each tool, and at the time of machining a workpiece, the nozzle control is played in response to the tool exchange signal in the order of the tools used. Back control. In particular, according to this method, it is not necessary to compare and extract the corresponding tool and its nozzle direction command value by the tool type signal, and there is an effect that the processing means and processing method are simplified.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, each nozzle arranged on the outer periphery of the main spindle stores the nozzle direction corresponding to each tool as an angle calculated from the tool size, and stores it. Receive and control the nozzle. Particularly, according to this method, there is no need to perform fine adjustment of the nozzle in the tool tip direction after mounting the tool on the spindle, and the processing means and processing method can be simplified.

[0041]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a nozzle device of a machine tool of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the nozzle device of the machine tool of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing the nozzle device of the second embodiment of the machine tool of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a developed cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part of the nozzle device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view and a partial cross-sectional view of an outer compound pipe of the drive supply pipe of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the drive supply pipe of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a drive supply pipe according to second and third embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a drive unit of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a drive unit of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a program command diagram showing nozzle direction control of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory front view of the method of inputting the nozzle direction from the tool size according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram in which the present invention is applied to an FMS line.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 spindle 2 spindle head N nozzle unit n nozzle 10 arm 11 drive feed pipe 20, 200, 200 ', 300 flexible pipe K, K'drive feed unit C cutting fluid SM drive motor A, B Constant L Tool length D Tool outer diameter F Flexible wire H Holder LS Limit switch 100 Sequencer θ Nozzle tilt

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of nozzle units are swingably arranged on the outer periphery of a main shaft of a machine tool, and each nozzle unit is connected in series by a drive supply pipe, and a drive source and a cutting fluid separately provided. Connected to the supply source, the drive source causes the nozzles to swing in the same direction by the drive supply pipe, and also supplies the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid supply source to each nozzle via the drive supply pipe. A nozzle device for a machine tool, which is characterized by: 2. The drive flow pipe connecting the plurality of nozzle units is a flexible pipe capable of transmitting a rotational force and allowing a fluid to pass therethrough. Nozzle device for machine tools. 3. The nozzle direction is sequentially stored in a memory as a result of teaching by a manual operation or the like in the order of tools mounted on a spindle, and the nozzle direction command value stored in the above order is replaced every time the tool is replaced by tool machining. A nozzle device for machine tools, which is called in sequence and controls the nozzle direction. 4. A nozzle direction is sequentially stored in a memory as an angle calculated in advance for a tool tip to be mounted on a spindle from a tool size, and the stored nozzle direction command value is stored every time the tool is replaced by machining a workpiece. Nozzle device for machine tools, characterized in that it controls the nozzle direction. 5. A sequencer of each machine tool which inputs a work selection signal from a central processing unit or the like in the FMS line calls one of the work machining programs stored in advance from the input work selection signal, An FMS line to which the nozzle device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein nozzle direction control is independently performed for each tool change by a work machining program.