JPH0824502A - Distillation column - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a splash of a mist generating just after gas-liq. mixed fluid is allowed to flow into a distillation column main body to a periphery of a baffle. CONSTITUTION:The periphery of a starting material supply port 15 opening in the distillation column main body 1 so that a heated gas-liq. mixed fluid 7 is introduced is surrounded with a lower part opening baffle 17, and a slit 21 having very small width is formed at a part of the baffle 17. The mist 4b generating at the time of separating the gas-liq. mixed fluid 7 into gas and liq. in the baffle 17 reaches the slit 21 accompanied by a steam 4a in the baffle 17, most part of the accompanied mist 4b sticks to an edge part of the slit 21 having very small width and is removed from a flow of the steam 4a, and the mist becomes droplet by the mist 4b sticking one after another and runs down, the splash of the mist 4b to the periphery of the baffle 17 is prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a distillation column used for petroleum refining and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of a conventional distillation column. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertically extending distillation column main body, and a liquid having a required layer thickness is formed in the distillation column main body 1. The trays 3 provided with the weirs 2 are provided in multiple stages so as to store the liquids 4, and each of these trays 3 is staggered so that the liquid 4 overflowing the weirs 2 in each stage can be sequentially supplied onto the lower trays 3. Are arranged in a shape.

Further, each of these trays 3 is formed with a large number of holes 5 for allowing the vapor 4a evaporated from the liquid 4 on the lower tray 3 to pass through, and from the weir 2 to the lower tray 3. A vertical plate 6 is provided that extends to a position close to the upper surface and blocks the steam 4a from bypassing the upper tray 3 so as not to flow.

In addition, the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 heated to a high temperature by a heating furnace or the like (not shown) is supplied to the distillation column main body 1 on the third tray 3 in the distillation column main body 1. Raw material supply nozzle 8, a liquid discharge nozzle 9 for discharging the liquid 4 flowing down to the bottom of the distillation column body 1, and the distillation column body 1
Steam discharge nozzle 10 for extracting steam 4a from the top
And a part of the liquid obtained by condensing the vapor 4a extracted from the vapor discharge nozzle 10 is used as the reflux liquid 4 ', and the tray 3 of the first stage is used.
A reflux liquid supply nozzle 11 for supplying the liquid to the upper part is provided.

When the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 is supplied from the raw material supply nozzle 8 into the distillation column body 1, the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 is supplied.
Immediately separates into the vapor 4a and the liquid 4, and the separated liquid 4
Respectively overflows and flows down the trays 3 of the respective stages, and the vapor 4a evaporated on the trays 3 of the respective stages has holes 5 of the trays 3 of the respective upper stages.
Pass through and rise.

At this time, the vapor 4a forms bubbles in the liquid 4 stored on the tray 3 and rises up.
The component having a relatively high boiling point is condensed by contacting with, but since the low boiling point component in the liquid 4 having an approximately equimolar amount is vaporized, the vapor amount is increased in the distillation column main body 1 without a decrease.
By repeating the same condensation and evaporation (distillation) in the trays 3 of the respective stages, a low boiling point component having a higher purity is gradually obtained and is taken out from the vapor discharge nozzle 10 at the top.

In particular, the vapor 4a, which has been increased in purity in the trays 3 of the respective stages and has risen, comes into contact with the reflux liquid 4'of a low-boiling component having a high purity in the trays 3 of the second and first stages. As a result, it is distilled as the vapor 4a having a higher purity and a low boiling point component.

On the other hand, the liquid 4 which has evaporated to a low boiling point component while flowing down each tray 3 and remains to the bottom of the distillation column main body 1 is a concentrated high boiling point component and is a liquid discharge nozzle 9 at the bottom of the distillation column main body 1. Taken from.

In the distillation column as described above, the baffle 12 is disposed in the distillation column body 1 in the vicinity of the raw material supply nozzle 8, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 flowing from the raw material supply nozzle 8 is mixed with the gas-liquid. Only the liquid 4 is allowed to flow down onto the tray 3 promptly and stably by promoting the separation.

[0010]

However, the baffle 12 of this type conventionally has a facing plate 13 arranged so as to face the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 flowing from the raw material supply nozzle 8 as shown in detail in FIG. Since the upper end of the facing plate 13 is constituted by the top plate 14 that supports the inner surface of the distillation column body 1, a large amount of mist 4b generated when the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 is separated into gas and liquid is provided on both sides of the baffle 12. It is scattered from the open portion to the surroundings and rises together with the vapor 4a, passes through the reflux liquid 4'stored in the upper tray 3 while being held by the bubbles of the vapor 4a, and is taken out from the vapor discharge nozzle 10. There is a risk that such a problem may occur that the liquid melts into the free-flowing liquid 4'stored in the tray 3 on the upper side and melts when it passes through the free-flowing liquid 4 ', and the purity of the free-flowing liquid 4'is lowered.

That is, the mist 4b generated immediately after the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 flows in from the raw material supply nozzle 8 is an undistilled one still containing a large amount of high-boiling components, and such a mist 4b is the vapor discharge nozzle 10. If it is taken out together with the vapor 4a from the above, or is dissolved in the reflux liquid 4'of the upper tray 3 to lower the purity of the reflux liquid 4 ', the low boiling point component having the target purity cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and prevents the mist from scattering around the baffle, which occurs immediately after the gas-liquid mixed fluid flows into the main body of the distillation column, and reduces the low boiling point component of the target purity. The objective is to provide a distillation column that can be reliably obtained.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a raw material supply port opened in a distillation column body is surrounded by a baffle having a lower opening so that a heated gas-liquid mixed fluid can be introduced. The present invention relates to a distillation column, which is characterized in that a slit having a minute width is formed in the portion.

Further, the baffle is composed of a counter plate disposed in front of the raw material supply port, a top plate surrounding the upper part of the raw material supply port, and a pair of side plates surrounding both sides of the raw material supply port. It is preferable that the opening has a box structure and the slits are formed in each of the side plates.

[0015]

Therefore, in the present invention, when the gas-liquid mixed fluid heated to a high temperature by a heating furnace or the like is introduced into the distillation column main body from the raw material supply port, the gas-liquid mixed fluid is blocked by the baffle and the flow velocity is increased. Then, only the liquid is rapidly and stably separated to flow down onto the tray, while the vapor separated from the gas-liquid mixed fluid flows out of the baffle through the slit formed in the baffle and rises.

At this time, the mist generated when the gas-liquid mixed fluid is separated into the gas-liquid in the baffle reaches the slit along with the vapor in the baffle, but most of the accompanying mist has a very small width. The mist adheres to the edge of the slit and is removed from the steam flow, and the mist that adheres one after another forms a drop of liquid, which prevents the mist from scattering around the baffle.

Further, the baffle is arranged at the lower part by an opposing plate arranged in front of the raw material supply port, a top plate surrounding the upper part of the raw material supply port, and a pair of side plates surrounding both sides of the raw material supply port. If it is configured in a box structure with openings and slits are formed in each of the side plates, the flow of steam passing through the slits can be changed by guiding the steam to a side different from the normal rising direction and passing the slits. It becomes possible to make the mist adhere to the edge of the slit efficiently by blunting and giving appropriate disturbance.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which parts designated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 3 represent the same parts.

In the distillation column constructed in substantially the same manner as the above-mentioned distillation column of FIG. 3, the circumference of the raw material supply port 15 opened at the tip of the raw material supply nozzle 8 inserted and arranged at a required position of the distillation column main body 1 is It is surrounded by a box-shaped baffle 17 having an opening 16 formed in the lower portion.

The baffle 17 is provided with a counter plate 18 facing the front of the raw material supply port 15, a top plate 19 surrounding the upper part of the raw material supply port 15, and a pair of surrounding side portions of the raw material supply port 15. The side plates 20 and 20 are provided with slits 2 each having a minute width.
Multiple 1 are formed.

When the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 heated to a high temperature by a heating furnace (not shown) is introduced into the distillation column body 1 from the raw material supply port 15 of the raw material supply nozzle 8, the gas-liquid mixed fluid is introduced. 7 is blocked by the counter plate 18 of the baffle 17 and loses its flow velocity, and only the liquid 4 is rapidly and stably separated and flowed down onto the tray 3, while the vapor 4a separated from the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 is discharged. Is each side plate 2 of the baffle 17
It goes out of the baffle 17 through the slits 21 formed in 0 and 20, and rises.

At this time, the mist 4b generated when the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7 is separated into the gas-liquid in the baffle 17 is accompanied by the vapor 4a in the baffle 17 and reaches the slit 21 of the side plate 20. Most of the mist 4b thus deposited adheres to one of the left and right edges of the slit 21 having a minute width and is removed from the flow of the vapor 4a, and the mist 4b deposited one after another drops and drops.

In particular, when the slit 21 is formed in the side plate 20 as in this embodiment, the steam 4a is guided to the side different from the normal rising direction to pass through the slit 21. It becomes possible to dull the flow of the vapor 4a passing through and to give appropriate turbulence to efficiently attach the mist 4b to the edge of the slit 21.

For example, when the slit 21 is formed on the top plate 19, the flow of the steam 4a coincides with the normal rising direction, and when the slit 21 is formed on the facing plate 18, the steam is increased. The flow of 4a coincides with the inflow direction of the gas-liquid mixed fluid 7, and in any case, the flow of the vapor 4a passing through the slit 21 becomes a relatively vigorous smooth flow and passes through the slit 21. Since there is a concern that the amount of mist that will be generated will increase to some extent, it is basically good to form the slit 21 in the side plate 20.

Therefore, according to the above embodiment, the baffle 17
Since it is possible to prevent the mist 4b generated inside from scattering around the baffle 17, the undistilled mist 4b containing a large amount of high boiling point components is recovered together with the vapor 4a, or the reflux liquid of the upper tray 3 is collected. There is no problem that it melts into 4'and reduces the purity of the reflux liquid 4 ',
A low boiling point component having a target purity can be reliably obtained.

The distillation column of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the baffle may basically have a lower opening capable of enclosing the raw material supply port, and various shapes thereof. It is needless to say that the above-mentioned shape can be adopted and that various modifications can be made within the range not departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0028]

According to the above-mentioned distillation column of the present invention, since it is possible to prevent the mist generated in the baffle from scattering around the baffle, the undistilled mist containing a large amount of high-boiling point components together with the vapor. It is possible to obtain an excellent effect that it is possible to reliably obtain a low-boiling point component having a target purity, without any problems such as being recovered or being dissolved in an upper reflux liquid to lower the purity of the reflux liquid.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic diagram showing a conventional example.

FIG. 4 is a view in the direction of arrows IV-IV in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Distillation Tower Main Body 7 Gas-Liquid Mixing Fluid 15 Raw Material Supply Port 17 Baffle 18 Opposing Plate 19 Top Plate 20 Side Plate 21 Slit

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A baffle having a lower opening surrounds the periphery of a raw material supply port opened in the distillation column body so that a heated gas-liquid mixed fluid can be introduced, and a slit having a minute width is formed in a part of the baffle. Distillation column characterized by doing. 2. A counter plate in which a baffle is arranged so as to face the front of the raw material supply port, and a top plate surrounding the upper part of the raw material supply port.
The distillation column according to claim 1, wherein a box structure having a lower opening is formed by a pair of side plates that surround both sides of the raw material supply port, and a slit is formed in each side plate.