JPH0824498B2 - Inclined Root Type Hydroponics - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to an inclined type rooted-type hydroponic cultivation device.

(Prior Art) In hydroponics of plants, it is particularly important to solve the two problems of how to supply oxygen to roots and how to constantly supply nutrients with a concentration suitable for cultivation to roots. Is. Then, various methods for solving this problem have been created and proposed. One of such methods,
There is a floating root hydroponics method according to the present invention. With this method,
Since the root part can absorb oxygen from the air, it is easy to supply oxygen, and compared with other methods of immersing the root part in the nutrient solution,
It has an advantage that operations such as bubbling of a nutrient solution for supplying oxygen to the root are unnecessary.

As a device for the seed-root type hydroponic culture, for example, the device shown in FIG. 2 is known. In this method, a supporting portion 2 made of, for example, a styrofoam plate, which supports the root portion 30 of the plant 20, is floated in the liquid storing portion 1 containing the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is applied to the upper horizontal surface of the supporting portion 2 by a capillary force such as a nonwoven fabric. The liquid absorbing member 3 to be sucked up is placed so as to be partially immersed in the nutrient solution, and the liquid passing sheet 4 for preventing roots from entering the nutrient solution is placed on the liquid absorbing member 3. This liquid passing sheet 4
The root part 30 is supported on the upper part of the root so that the root can grow. Also, assuming that it has a configuration similar to this,
In FIG. 2, it is known that a solid medium (not shown) in which plants are planted is placed on the liquid passing sheet 4 and the nutrient solution is supplied to this solid medium by capillary force. (Actual No. 61-54348).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, these devices that adopt a method of supplying a nutrient solution to the root part in the air by a capillary force have the following drawbacks. That is, the plant needs different nutrients depending on its growth period and selectively absorbs the components in the nutrient solution. For this reason, in the central part of the solid medium or the liquid-passing sheet, the components not absorbed by the roots, such as iron, magnesium, and calcium, are accumulated, and the nutrient solution at the part where the roots actually contact, A phenomenon occurs in which the composition and concentration are changed, which is not suitable for plant growth. As a result, the normal growth of the root part in the central part is inhibited, while the root grows in the peripheral part equal to the nutrient solution composition in the liquid storage part 1, and as shown in FIG. It grows unevenly around the liquid sheet.
Therefore, in order to make the roots necessary for the growth of the plants grow, the control area of the support part per plant becomes large, and the rough planting is unavoidable.

In addition, since the nutrient solution is supplied only to the root of the plant by capillary force, the amount of nutrient water absorbed by the plant may be insufficient depending on the type of plant and the area where it is cultivated. It is impossible to control the growth according to.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present inventors have solved the above-mentioned drawbacks, promoted normal root growth, increased planting density, and were able to regulate plant growth. As a result of the study for the purpose of providing a liquid culture device, the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is a storage part of the nutrient solution, a support part having an inclined surface for supporting the root part of the plant, a liquid absorbing member placed on the support part to suck up the nutrient solution and supply it to the plant, Equipped with a nutrient solution feed pipe that prevents nutrients from invading into the nutrient solution and a nutrient solution supply pipe that supplies the nutrient solution to the roots. It is an inclined type rooted-type hydroponics device that is adjusted according to the type.

(Action) In addition to the action of supporting the root of a plant, the support used in the present invention has the following action as a result of its upper surface being an inclined surface.

In other words, the root part grows in the growth space of the plant root part on the upper surface of the liquid-permeable sheet by stacking the liquid-absorbent member and the liquid-permeable sheet on the inclined surface. From the nutrient solution supply pipe that is directly supplied onto the liquid passage sheet, new nutrient solution is additionally supplied by the amount reduced by absorption of nutrient water of the plant, and the nutrient solution in the reservoir can be circulated and supplied. By doing so, excess components and the like that are being accumulated on the upper surface of the liquid passing sheet on the inclined surface of the support portion 2 and brought about by the selective absorption of plants are washed away, and the nutrient solution composition of such a portion can be simply and quickly set to the initial value. It can be returned to the preferred composition.

As a result, the growth of roots is not inhibited by the accumulation of excess components, and not only can roots be grown on the upper surface of the liquid-flowing sheet without any corners, but the nutrient solution supply to the roots can be adjusted by the amount of circulation liquid and the number of times. By doing so, it is possible to artificially control the growth of the plant.

The nutrient solution supplied from the nutrient solution supply pipe may be the nutrient solution in the liquid reservoir.

(Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a nutrient solution storage portion, in which the nutrient solution is stored in a concave portion. Examples of what constitutes such a recess include a container without a lid and a water-tight sheet that maintains a constant recess shape. The liquid storage part 1 is preferably of a semi-underground type in order to reduce changes in the nutrient solution temperature.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a support portion, which has an upper surface inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, and has any configuration as long as the root portion 30 can be maintained at a substantially constant height above the liquid surface of the liquid storage portion 1. Although not used, for example, a material made of a material having a large buoyancy in water such as Styrofoam, which is floated on the liquid surface, is used.
In FIG. 1, at the lower end of the floating plate 2a made of Styrofoam,
The figure also shows a case where the above-mentioned requirements are satisfied by fixing the floating material 2b made of expanded polystyrene so that the buoyancy becomes uneven depending on the position. This method is particularly preferable because it is simple and the positional relationship between the supporting portion 2 and the liquid surface is always constant.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a liquid absorbing member, which is placed on the slope of the supporting portion 2 and one end of which is immersed in the nutrient solution in the liquid storing portion 1. As the liquid absorbing member 3, a member that can supply a required amount of nutrient solution to the plant 20 by using capillary force without using power is used, and examples thereof include a nonwoven fabric. In FIG. 1, a non-woven fabric is used as the liquid absorbing member 3, which is placed on the floating plate 2a, and one end of the liquid absorbing member 3 is put from the top of the inclined surface to the side surface of the floating material 2b and immersed in the nutrient solution. When the end is set so as not to be immersed in the nutrient solution so as to be located slightly lower than the lower end of the inclined surface, and the nutrient solution absorbed by the absorption of nutrient water of the plant is gradually moved from the upper side to the lower side of the inclined surface. Is shown. Further, as described above, when the support portion 2 composed of the floating plate 2a and the floating material 2b is used, the positional relationship between the support portion 2 and the liquid surface is always constant, so that the liquid absorption amount by the liquid absorbing member 3 is Is constant,
This is preferable because a constant amount of nutrient solution can be constantly supplied to the vicinity of the root portion 30.

A liquid passage sheet 4 is placed on the liquid absorbing member 3. The liquid-passing sheet 4 is for preventing the roots of the plant from expanding and invading into the nutrient solution, and for creating a high humidity space between the planting plate 5 and the liquid absorbing member 3. As the liquid-permeable sheet 4, a cloth, sheet or the like having water permeability and having fine pores that can prevent penetration of plant roots is used.

The liquid-permeable sheet 4 can be spread and used on the liquid-absorbent member 3 as in the case shown in FIG. 2, but as shown in FIG. It is preferable to cover the upper part of the growing space in order to form a high humidity space. Furthermore, it is preferable that the planting plate 5 has a shape that covers the entire root portion 30 and the liquid passing sheet 4 in order to prevent the evaporation of water from the liquid passing sheet 4.

The planting plate 5 may be omitted if a member for supporting the above-ground part of the plant to be cultivated is provided.

The nutrient solution supply pipe 6 is for supplying or appropriately replenishing the nutrient solution in the device of the present invention, and supplies the nutrient solution to the root portion by a supply pump (not shown) or the like.

The nutrient solution supply pipe 6 is arranged on the liquid passing sheet 4, and a nutrient solution ejection hole (not shown) is formed in a part thereof.

The position and the number of the nutrient solution ejection holes are appropriately selected and formed. By supplying the nutrient solution directly onto the liquid passage sheet 4 from the nutrient solution ejection holes, the upper surface of the liquid passage sheet on the inclined surface of the support portion 2 is formed. Excessive nutrient solution caused by selective absorption of plants accumulated in the plant or excess nutrient solution having an uneven composition ratio is removed, and the root 30, the liquid absorbent member 3 or the liquid passing sheet 4 is washed, and the nutrient solution to the root is also removed. Adjust supply.

When the nutrient solution in the liquid storage portion is reduced, it is appropriately supplied from the outside and supplied from the nutrient solution supply pipe 6, but the nutrient solution inside (in the liquid storage portion) can be circulated.

FIG. 1 shows a case where the nutrient solution supply pipe 6 is set at a position near the apex of the support 2 in the space surrounded by the liquid sheet 4 to achieve such an object.

Further, as the nutrient solution supply pipe 6, for example, an irrigation tube for agriculture can be used as long as it achieves the above object.

The planting board 5 can be planted by using, for example, seedling-raising urethane or rock wool pieces 7.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a light-shielding cover used for the purpose of preventing invasion of various fungi, controlling root temperature, and preventing excessive evaporation, and for example, an aluminum vapor deposition film or the like is used.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the device of the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to constantly supply the nutrient solution that meets the requirements of the plant side to the whole root part while sufficiently supplying oxygen to the plant root part. Besides,
The amount of nutrient solution supplied from the nutrient solution supply pipe to the root can be adjusted.

Therefore, it is possible not only to make the root part proliferate uniformly in the space between the liquid-permeable sheet and the planting plate, but also to control the growth of the plant.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
The sectional view of the conventional floating root type hydroponics device is shown. 1 ... Reservoir, 2 ... Support, 2a ... Floating plate 2b ... Floating material, 3 ... Liquid absorbing member, 4 ... Liquid passing sheet, 5 ... Planting plate, 6 ... Nutrient supply pipe 7: Urethane piece for raising seedlings 8: Shading cover, 20: Plant, 30: Root

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A solution storage part for a nutrient solution, a support part having an inclined surface for supporting a root part of a plant, a liquid absorbing member placed on the support part for sucking up the nutrient solution and supplying it to the plant, The root placed on the liquid absorbing member has a liquid passing sheet for preventing entry into the nutrient solution, and a nutrient solution supply pipe placed directly above the inclined surface of the liquid passing sheet, Furthermore, the inclined type rooted-type hydroponic cultivation apparatus, wherein the upper surface of the liquid passing sheet is used as a growth space for a plant root. 2. The inclined type floating-type nutrient solution cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the liquid-permeable sheet are bent so as to wrap the plant root part, and the upper part of the growth space of the plant root part is also covered. .