JPH0824489B2 - Ecology management method for plants - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ecological management method for plants such as horticultural plants.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, hydroponics and greenhouse cultivation have been actively carried out in addition to general field cultivation, and horticultural plants, fruit trees, agricultural products and the like have come to the market regardless of the four seasons.

[0003] Conventionally, in agricultural crop cultivation techniques, both in field cultivation and institutional cultivation, appropriate management of environmental factors such as temperature, light quantity, water quantity, and soil, which are natural characteristics, is performed in order to improve the yield and quality. It has the control to do.

[0004]

However, in the conventional method, the growth of the plant is managed based on so-called macroscopic environmental management means such as temperature and humidity, and the ecological characteristics of the plant itself are sufficiently controlled. It's not something we know and do. So, like Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-42006
Known to measure changes in leaf surface potential of plants
However, at the mV level, accurate and detailed plant behavior and characteristics
I couldn't know his gender.

[0005]

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and in order to solve the above problems, the potential of the leaf surface of a plant such as a horticultural plant is 0 to several + Hz.
The spectrum generation state of μV level in the low frequency band of
Morning of thing, noon, and Oite inspection at night, of the plant from 0 to the number of + Hz
Of the peak of the spectral line in the low frequency band of
An object of the present invention is to provide a plant ecological management method characterized by grasping the basic characteristics of numbers to control the ecology of plants.

Using the method for ecological management of plants of the present invention, the active state of plants can be measured by detecting μV level.
Plants, which can be used as an indicator of physiological activity such as photosynthesis
The ecology of can be managed more accurately.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on embodiments. FIG. 1 et seq. Are embodiments of the present invention. Garden plant 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the sensors 2 and 3 are attached to the leaf 2 at regular intervals so that the weak electric potential of the μV level on the leaf surface can be measured.

Electrodes using a conductive adhesive for human electrocardiographic examination are diverted to the sensors 3 and 3, and the sensors 3 and 3 are connected to the amplifier 4 and AD converter as shown in the figure.
It is connected to a transmitter 6 with a built-in da 5 and transmits a signal to a receiver 10 with a built-in comparator 9 via antennas 7 and 8 so that it can be observed in real time at an appropriate place. .

Then, the receiver 10 has a microcomputer.
Connect the computer 11 of the computer and set the detected potential to F
The Fourier transform processing such as the FT analysis is performed, and the CRT 12 and the printer 13 can be output.

Observation device 14 of transmitter 6 and receiver 10
Is a simple electroencephalogram measuring device that can detect a weak electric potential of several μV for plants, and is inexpensive, small, portable, and easy to install.

[0011]

[Observation example] With respect to Phalaenopsis (phalaenopsis), cattleya, and kapok aged about 1 year, the leaf potential was measured every 6 hours for 24 hours as described above, with one measurement time of about 3 minutes. .

FIGS. 2 to 4 show the changes in the potential of each leaf surface and the state of the spectrum by the Fourier transform.

The change in potential on the leaf surface of Phalaenopsis is shown in FIG.
The daytime is small and the nighttime is large. Then, several μV / √Hz in the frequency band around 0 to 10 Hz for each day and night
And a spectrum of about 10 to 20 μV / √Hz was observed, and it was active in the frequency band around 10 Hz at night.

The change in the electric potential on the leaf surface of Cattleya is seen throughout the day as shown in FIG. 3, and is relatively small in the morning. The spectrum is
70 to 50 μV in the frequency band around 0 to 30 Hz both day and night
A broad activity of about / √Hz is observed.

Contrary to the above-described Phalaenopsis, the potential change on the leaf surface of the kapok is large in the daytime and small in the nighttime. The spectrum is 0-10H from morning to noon
It increased to about 20 to 70 μV / √Hz in the frequency band around z, but was not observed in the higher frequency band beyond that.

As described above, the change in the leaf surface potential of a plant can be measured by detecting the active state, which could not be detected at the conventional mV level, by detecting the μV level. in fact Phalaenopsis and Cattleya performs active CAM photosynthesis at night, see you since kapok corresponds to the fact of performing active C ₃ -type photosynthesis during the day, an index to know the physiological activity state, such as photosynthesis
Therefore, the ecology of plants can be managed more accurately.

Therefore, by grasping the state of the potential change under various stresses or stimuli of the plant based on the above-mentioned measured characteristics of the potential change on the leaf surface of the horticultural plant, When a deviation from the basic pattern occurs, it is possible to detect in real time that something is wrong, such as temperature, humidity, moisture, oxygen, nutrients, environmental factors such as light, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. Appropriate control of fertilizers and other chemicals can be used for growth control.

For example, if the water supply is forgotten in the cultivation of Cattleya as described above, it is possible to detect that the above-mentioned potential change becomes very small, the number of peaks having a large spectrum decreases, and the activity disappears. Therefore, by detecting the number of peaks of a predetermined size in the spectrum, it is possible to give an alarm, a CRT, or a printer to respond in real time. If the amount of observation data is large and the analysis accuracy is high, the AI method can be used for discrimination.

Regarding breeding, by observing the potential change on the leaf surface as described above, a highly active one can easily be found. Therefore, highly active ones can be crossed to obtain a high yield and high quality. You can also train things effectively.

Although the garden plants have been described above,
The same can be applied to vegetables, other agricultural products, grains, fruit trees, and those in the field of biotechnology. At that time, the observation time and the time interval can be continuously determined based on the gist of the present invention, or can be appropriately determined according to the time and the object.

Although field cultivation and facility cultivation have been described above, the apparatus is installed under abnormal environmental conditions, etc., and as described above, the deviation of the potential change on the leaf surface is detected, and a so-called plant sensor is used. It is also possible to use it for the evaluation of. Further, as described above, specific leaf surface potential changes and spectral characteristics are observed for each plant, so it is also possible to subject this to acoustic or image processing for acoustic or visual use. It is possible to increase interest in cultivation.

As described above, according to the present invention, a garden plant
Of the leaf surface potential of plants such as μ in the low frequency band of 0 to several + Hz
V-level spectrum generation state in the morning, day and night of plants
In the low frequency band of 0 to several + Hz of the above plants
The basic characteristics of peak size and number of spectral lines are
Because it controls the ecology of the plant by grasping it,
Finger to know the bioactivity such as photosynthesis of plants at the same level as
Become a mark. For example, Phalaenopsis orchid and Phalaenopsis leaf surface U-den
The change of rank is small in the daytime and large in the nighttime. And day and night
Several μV / √H in the frequency band around 0 to 10 Hz for each
z and spectrum of 10 to 20 μV / √Hz
And is active in the frequency band around 10 Hz at night.
Is known. In addition, the potential change of the leaf surface of Cattleya
Are seen all day and are relatively small in the morning. Spectrum
Is 70 to 50 in the frequency band around 0 to 30 Hz both day and night.
A wide range of activity around μV / √Hz is observed, and leaves of Kapok
Contrary to the above-mentioned Phalaenopsis, the potential change on the surface changes in the daytime.
Is large and small at night. Spectrum from morning to noon
20 to 70 μV / √ in the frequency band around 0 to 10 Hz
Although it increased to about Hz, it is
You can see the active status such as not being. Thus the leaf surface of the plant
Potential change could not be detected at conventional mV level
The activity status can be measured by detection of μV level,
The pattern of changes in leaf potential, which is different for each type, is
Prussian and Cattleya perform active CAM-type photosynthesis at night
In fact, again, Kapok carries out active C ₃ -type photosynthesis in the daytime.
Since it corresponds to the fact that bioactivity such as photosynthesis
It serves as an index to know the condition and manages the ecology of plants more accurately.
Can be Regarding breeding, plants such as garden plants
The electric potential of the leaf surface is 0V to a few + Hz in the low frequency band of μV level
Detects the spectrum generation state of plants in the morning, day and night of plants
And the spectrum of the above plants in the low frequency band of 0 to several + Hz
Dominance of highly active breeding comrades with strong outbreaks
To effectively grow high yield and quality plants
You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of observation of one embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is an observation data diagram of Phalaenopsis as above,

FIG. 3 is an observation data diagram of Cattleya,

FIG. 4 is an observation data diagram of the same as above.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Plant 2 ... Leaf 3 ... Sensor 6 ... Transmitter 10 ... Receiver 11 ... Computer 14 ... Observation apparatus.

Claims (2)

[Claims] [Claim 1] attached to the potential of the surfaces of leaves of plants such as garden plants
Therefore, the μV level sweep in the low frequency band of 0 to several + Hz
Spectrum generating state in the morning of the plant, noon, and Oite biopsy night, of spectral lines in the low frequency range of 0 to the number of + Hz of the plant
A plant ecology management method characterized by managing the ecology of a plant by grasping the basic characteristics of the size and number of peaks . 2. The potential of leaf surface of plants such as garden plants
Therefore, the μV level sweep in the low frequency band of 0 to several + Hz
Detects the state of vector generation in the morning, day and night of plants,
Spectral lines in the low frequency band of 0 to several + Hz of the above plants
It is important to control breeding comrades that are highly active and highly active.
Ecological management method of plant to be collected.