JPH08244607A - Vehicle structure of electric rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent respective trucks from being synchronized with current fluctuation and vibrating when numbers of main motors are driven by connecting and restraining respective trucks of a car body and varying the spring constant of a spring mechanism respectively arranged in the proceeding direction between the trucks adjoining in front and rear in the proceeding direction. CONSTITUTION: A center pivot 16 running through the central part of a truck frame 15 hangs down from the bottom of a car body and a lower center pivot fitting 17 is secured to the bottom end of the center pivot 16 rotatably in the oscillating direction, while a bolster anchor 20 is arranged on the right and left sides of the lower center pivot fitting 17. The end part of the bolster anchor 20 and a truck frame seat 18 are provided with a rubber bush and a bush pin, which are fixed to the end part of the bolster anchor 20, inserted and secured thereon. Thus, it is possible to change the spring constant connecting respective trucks 15A, 15B, 15C to a car body 13 if the thickness or the rubber hardness of a rubber bush 22 of the bolster anchor 20 connecting between trucks 15A, 15B, 15C together in the longitudinal direction is changed by respective trucks 15A, 15B, 15C, and it is possible to slide the longitudinal natural vibration of the respective trucks 15A, 15B, 15C with respect to the car body 13.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a power conversion device such as a VVVF (variable voltage variable frequency) inverter.
The present invention relates to a vehicle structure of an electric vehicle that drives a plurality of wheel driving main electric motors provided for each carriage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in the electric drive of railway vehicles, V
A large amount of power converters such as VVF inverters have begun to be used. However, various parts of the body of an electric vehicle vibrate due to quite various current vibrations in the power converter, and the vibrations hinder the operation of the vehicle. There was also. In particular, various problems may occur when trying to drive a main electric motor composed of a large number of induction motors with one VVVF inverter.

8 and 9 are diagrams for explaining that electric vibration and mechanical vibration hinder the operation of the vehicle. FIG. 8 shows a diesel electric locomotive equipped with two diesel engines 1A and 1B. , A plurality of carriages 15A, 15B, 15 each having a plurality of wheels along the traveling direction
One car body 13 is placed on C, and three mandrels 16 are vertically planted and fixed on the bottom surface side of the car body 13 at intervals from each other. Spring mechanisms 25A, 25 respectively arranged in the traveling direction between
It is connected and restrained by B and 25C. Each dolly 15A ~
15C includes main motors 10A, 10C, 10E, 10B for driving the wheels to the front side and the rear side, respectively.
10D, 10F are arranged, main motor (front side main motor)
10A, 10C, 10E are electrically connected to a generator 3A driven by a diesel engine 1A, and main motors (rear side main motors) 10B, 10D, 10F are connected to a generator 3B driven by a diesel engine 1B. It is electrically connected.

In the example in which electric power is independently supplied to the main motors of the two groups by the control device composed of the engine 1A and the generator 3A and the control device composed of the engine 1B and the generator 3B, the operation is particularly hindered. The electric and mechanical vibrations that would cause the noise were not generated.

When electric power is supplied from the two engines 1A and 1B to the main motors 10A to 10F of the respective shafts, the generator 3 driven by the two engines 1A and 1B is used.
The power generated by A and 3B is converted by a power converter (not shown), and the power converted, that is, the power supplied to the electric motors 10A to 10F has wave components of specific frequencies. When the frequency components are compared, the frequency components may be very close, but the phases and the like are never in agreement. Therefore, in each of the main electric motors 10A to 10F, the driving torque fluctuates due to this frequency component. However, this fluctuation fluctuates between the two groups, and when the entire vehicle is viewed, vehicle vibrations are generated all at once. There is no.

However, one engine 1B as shown in FIG.
When the 6-axis electric motors 10A to 10F are driven only by the generator 3A driven by one engine 1A by stopping the generator 3B, a situation occurs in which electric vibration and mechanical vibration resonate, and stable vehicle operation is achieved. It has become difficult to do.

FIG. 10 shows an oscilloscope waveform when the vehicle is driven in the connected state as shown in FIG. 9, in which 26 is an output voltage waveform of the rectifier 6 of FIG. 1, which will be described later, and 27 is a rectifier of FIG. 6 is an output current waveform of No. 6, 28A, 28B,
28C are electric motors 10D, 10E and 10F of FIG. 9, respectively.
Is the current waveform of the motor, 29 is the motor rotation speed waveform,
0 is a slip frequency command value.

As is apparent from FIG. 10, with respect to the output voltage 26 and the output current 27 of the rectifier 6, the motor current 28A,
It can be seen that 28B and 28C vibrate with synchronized values. That is, although not all are shown in FIG. 10, it is shown that the intermediate carriage 15B and the tail carriage 15C are vibrating in the same direction in synchronization.

[0009]

Looking at FIG. 10 in this way, all the electric motors 10D, 10D, are completely synchronized with the current and voltage at the position out of the rectifier of the generator 3A of one engine 1A. Moving 10E and 10F means 3
This means that each of the trucks 15A to 15C generates vibration that moves in the same direction with respect to the vehicle body 13, and this vibration probably causes the vibration that the carriages 15A to 15C move back and forth. Three carts 15A-15C
It is estimated that the robot repeats forward and backward movements in synchronization.

That is, when the electric motors 10A to 10F are driven by the two engines 1A and 1B in a state of being divided into two groups as shown in FIG. 8, the carriages 15A to 15C are synchronized even if they are moved back and forth. Does not develop into vibration.

However, as shown in FIG. 9, if one engine 1B of the two engines 1A and 1B is stopped and only one engine 1A is used to drive all the main motors 10A to 10F, all the main motors 10A. The driving torque generated by -10F causes shaking with a vibration waveform in which the frequency and the phase are completely matched. If there is a member having a natural frequency of the frequency matched with this frequency, this member is large. When it vibrates, it may develop into something that prevents smooth operation of the vehicle.

All the electric motors 10A ...
When trying to drive 10F, all electric motors 10A-1
It is presumed that 0F has developed into synchronized front-rear vibration, and it would be very convenient if the occurrence of such synchronized mechanical vibration can be prevented.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle structure of an electric vehicle capable of preventing each bogie from vibrating in synchronization with current fluctuations when a large number of main motors are driven by a common power converter. is there.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 mounts one vehicle body on a plurality of trucks arranged along the traveling direction, and And a plurality of wheels are connected and restrained by spring mechanisms respectively arranged in the traveling direction, and a plurality of wheels included in each of the vehicles are rotationally driven by independent main electric motors, and a common power conversion device is provided. In the vehicle structure of an electric vehicle in which the same electric power is supplied to each of the main electric motors to allow the vehicle to move in a predetermined direction, the spring constants of the spring mechanisms are at least adjacent to each other in the traveling direction. It is a vehicle structure of an electric vehicle characterized in that it is configured so as to be different from each other.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 2 is the vehicle structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, which is a vehicle having three carriages for one vehicle body, and which has an intermediate position. The vehicle of the electric vehicle characterized in that the spring constant of the spring mechanism arranged between the intermediate carriage and the vehicle body existing in the vehicle is made smaller than the spring constant of the spring mechanism arranged between the carriage before and after the intermediate carriage and the vehicle body. It is a structure.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that in the vehicle structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, the electric power generated by each of the first and second power converters is 4 to 4 The first driving method for driving each of the six main electric motors and the electric power obtained by one of the first and second power conversion devices are used for the above-mentioned 4 to 6
It is possible to switch the second drive system for driving all of the main electric motors, and in the case of the second drive system, the spring constant of the spring mechanism in the front-rear direction of each of the carriages is slightly shifted. It is a vehicle structure of an electric vehicle characterized by the above.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 4 provides a bolster anchor and a spring mechanism for connecting and restraining each bogie and a vehicle body in the vehicle structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1. It is composed of a rubber seat, and the rubber hardness of this rubber seat is changed for each truck or the rubber thickness of the rubber seat is changed to change the longitudinal spring constant of the bolster anchor. The vehicle structure of the electric vehicle is characterized in that the front and rear natural frequencies of the respective bogies are different.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention corresponding to claim 5 is the vehicle structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, which is a vehicle having four carriages for one vehicle body, wherein When each traction motor is mounted on two carriages of two bodies by driving the eight traction motors with electric power from the converter, the springs of the two carriages attached to one body This is a vehicle structure of an electric vehicle characterized in that the spring constant of the mechanism is largely changed.

[0019]

According to the invention as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5, at least the spring constant of the spring mechanism is made different for each carriage, so that the carriage moves in the front-rear direction with respect to electrical vibration. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of vibration close to resonance.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. <First Embodiment> (Structure of First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a concept of an electric circuit of a diesel vehicle which is an object of the present invention. It comprises a diesel engine 1, a master controller 2 for instructing the number of revolutions of the diesel engine 1, and a synchronous generator 3. Then, the exciter 5 rotates inside, the exciter 5 is excited by the generator excitation controller 4, the stator side winding of the synchronous generator 3 generates power, and the rectifier 6 rectifies the DC voltage. . This rectified current enters a three-phase inverter 9 via a reactor 7 and a condenser 8 on the way, and is composed of, for example, a three-phase induction motor, and is a main motor 1 for driving wheels 11.
It has 0.

In an ordinary electric vehicle as shown in FIG. 8,
In the case of driving two engines 1A, 1B with respect to one vehicle body 13, main motor groups 12A, 12B each having three main motors 10 shown in FIG. 1 are respectively driven.

In this case, although the current supplied from the rectifier 6 becomes smooth due to the effect of the capacitor 8 and the reactor 7 on the side of the three-phase inverter 9 of the rectifier 6, there is a mutual effect of the capacitor 8 and the reactor 7. The electric current having a constant frequency is supplied to the main motor 10.

If, instead of driving two engines, one
When trying to drive only one engine as shown in FIG. 9 due to engine failure or some reason, in FIG. 8, three main motor groups are hung in one engine,
A group of six traction motors hangs down from one engine, and six traction motors are driven by the current having a constant frequency wave supplied from the rectifier 6. Various parts of the vehicle are vibrated by having a wave in this driving force.
15A to 1 having a spring system based on the rubber bush 22 of
If the vibration due to the mass of 5C has the same natural frequency as this constant frequency wave, then the trolley 1
The back-and-forth movement of 5A to 15C and the corrugation of the front-and-rear driving force of the main electric motor 10 cause a resonance phenomenon, and the smooth running of the vehicle may cause a problem.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention,
The spring constants of the spring mechanisms 25A to 25C shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are different between the bogies 15A to 15C, for example. First, the spring mechanisms 25A to 25C will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. However, since all of them have substantially the same configuration, one of them will be described.

As shown in FIG. 2, a bogie frame 15 is fixed via air springs 14 arranged on the left and right with respect to the traveling direction of the bottom surface of the vehicle body 13 (the bottom surface facing the rail 19). A core 16 is hung from the bottom surface of the vehicle body through the central portion of the bogie frame 15, and a lower core metal fitting 17 is fixed to the lower end of the core 16 so as to be rotatable in the swinging direction (front-rear, left-right direction). In this case, the swinging rotation is possible, but it is fixed so as not to fall. Bolster anchors 20 are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower core metal fitting 17, and a bogie side seat 18 is vertically connected to the bogie underframe 15.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the lower core plate member 17. The lower core plate member 17 has a circular through hole 17a at a substantially central position, and the core plate 16 is inserted into the through hole 17a. . Recesses 17b are formed on the left and right of the lower core metal fitting 17 so that the ends of the bolster anchors 20 arranged along the traveling direction can be connected to each other. The recesses 17b and the bogie side seats 18 are provided at both ends of the bolster anchors 20. The fixed rubber bush 22 and bush pin 21 are inserted and fixed.

As shown in FIG. 4, a rubber bush 22 is held inside the outer peripheral fitting 24, and the outer peripheral fitting 24 held by the rubber bush 22 is fixed to both ends of the bolster anchor 20. A bush pin 21 is fixed through the center of 22. Bolts 23 are inserted into and screwed into the screw insertion holes formed at both ends of the bush pin 21 and the bolt insertion holes formed in the lower core plate metal fitting 17 and the bogie side seat 18, respectively. Rubber bush 2 for plate fitting 17
1 are connected.

Next, changing the spring constant of the spring mechanism thus constructed will be described. That is, the thickness or the rubber hardness of the rubber bush 22 is set to each of the carriages 15A to 1A.
If it is changed every 5C, it is possible to change the spring constant connecting the carriages 15A to 15C and the vehicle body 13, and it is possible to shift the natural vibration in the front-rear direction of the carriages 15A to 15C with respect to the vehicle body 13.

(Operation of the first embodiment) Therefore, the carriage 15A
If the spring constants of the rubber bushes 22 of the bolster anchor 20 that connects between ~ 15C in the front-rear direction are changed for each bogie 15A to 15C, one car body 13 has three bogies 15A to 15C like this locomotive. Each vehicle is 15
Rubber bush 2 of bolster anchor 20 of A to 15C
Various spring constants according to 2 are prepared so that the natural frequencies due to the masses of the carriages 15A to 15C deviate little by little, so that the resonance of the vehicle body 13 due to the longitudinal movement of the carriages 15A to 15C can be prevented.

The first embodiment described above may be as follows. That is, in the case of a locomotive, 3 for one vehicle body 13
Since there are two carriages 15A to 15C, the displacement in the left-right direction is inevitable.
It is preferable that the bolster anchor 20 has a large lateral displacement of at least the trolley 15B at the center because it is preferable that the bolster anchor 20 has a larger radius than A and 15C. In order to allow a large lateral displacement in the rubber bush 22, if the thickness of the rubber bush 22 is increased, the allowable displacement amount becomes large and the spring constant also becomes small, so that the natural frequency of the intermediate carriage in the front-rear direction is lowered. Is effective for.

Here, as shown in FIG. 8, two engines 1A,
1B by moving the two groups of traction motors 10A-10
When electric power is supplied to F, a slight vibration difference occurs between the front and rear bogies 15A to 15 from a place where this type of vibration does not occur.
If it is in C, it means that the vibration does not diverge. Therefore, when examining the vibrations of the carriages 15A to 15C, the springs 25A to 25C of the rubber bush 22 by the bolster anchor 20 connecting the body carriages are used as springs.
It is considered that the bogie 13 is moving back and forth due to the vibration having the mass of 3 as the mass. To consider a method of shifting this vibration, if the spring constant of the rubber bush 22 of this bolster anchor 20 is changed, Against trolley 15A-1
It is possible to avoid a resonance phenomenon in which 5C vibrates in the front-back direction all at once.

(Effects of the First Embodiment) Each dolly 15 described above.
It is quite difficult to change the mass of A to 15C, but it is easy to make the spring constant of the rubber bush 22 of the bolster anchor 20A connecting the vehicle body 13A and each of the trucks 15A to 15C different for each of the trucks 15A to 15C. Can be done.

In order to completely shift the resonance phenomenon, it is considered necessary to shift the natural frequency by about 2 ^1/2 times. For this purpose, the hardness of the bush rubber 22 should be made about twice as hard, or It is required to be soft. However, the limit that can change the spring constant by changing the hardness of the rubber bush 22 is about twice, and in addition to that, the shape of the rubber bush 22 needs to be changed. Both of these can be done, and when the spring constants of the bogies 15A to 15C in the front-rear direction are shifted, even if the natural frequency is not shifted up to 2 ^1/2 times, the bogies 15A to 15C resonate at the same time to reciprocate. It is possible to prevent the occurrence and solve the problem.

<Second Embodiment> In the first embodiment described above, the trucks 15A to 15C have no bolsters.
5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are diagrams for explaining the second embodiment of the present invention, which is a case of a truck with a bolster. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the center of the bogie, FIG. 6 is a side view of the bogie, and FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the rubber seat portion of the bolster anchor that causes the spring action. The vehicle body 13A and the core 16A are shown, and the vehicle body load is applied to the bolster (shaking pillow) 31 via the side bearings 32.

An air spring 14A is provided between the lower surface of the bolster 31 and the bogie frame 15D to cushion the vibration in the vertical and horizontal directions. A bolster anchor 20A is provided between the bolster 31 and the bogie underframe 15D, and the bolster anchor 20A is generally arranged at the left and right positions of the bogie underframe 15D. At the same time as receiving the movement, restrain the movement of the bogie swinging direction. At this time, the bolster anchor 20A is the air spring 14A.
The rubber seat 34 is arranged so as to be displaceable in the vertical and horizontal directions so as not to impede the buffering function in the up, down, left, and right directions. The rubber seat 34 also has a function of buffering the buffer load in the front-rear direction.

In this case, the left and right sides of the bolster 31 go down to the sides of the bogie frame 15D, and the bolster anchors 33 are attached to the sides of the bogie frame 15D at positions where the bolster anchor 20A has been given an appropriate length. There is.

Since the bolster anchor 20A allows the vertical and horizontal air springs 14A to be displaced, the thickened rubber seat 34 around the bolster anchor receiver 33 is inserted between the bolster anchor 20A and the washer 35 by the bolt 36. It is composed.

If the rubber thickness of the rubber seat 34 is changed,
When the rubber hardness is changed, the bolster anchor 20A can freely select the spring constant in the front-rear direction, and the natural frequency of the vibration in the front-rear direction of the bogie can be significantly changed within a certain range. Become.

In this way, if the natural vibrations in the front-rear direction are deviated, the main motors 10 are divided into two groups from the two engines and the electric power is supplied in the case of FIG.
Also in the case of FIG. 6 in which all of the main electric motors 10 are driven by one engine, it is possible to prevent a kind of resonance phenomenon in which all the carriages vibrate back and forth at the same time with respect to the vehicle body 13A.

<Modification> The present invention is not limited to the case where one VVVF power supply drives six main motors and three carriages, but one VVVF power supply can also drive four main motors and two carriages or one VVVF. The same effect can be expected when driving eight traction motors and four carts with a power source. However, it is easy to shift the front and rear natural frequencies of the front and rear bogies in the case of two bogies with four main motors, but in the case of eight main motors, four bogies are targeted. , In this case, it will straddle two cars. In this case, it is preferable to change it so that it has four kinds of natural frequencies before and after the bogie, but it may be difficult to do so. In that case, the effect can be expected if the natural frequencies of the two bogies before and after the one body are largely shifted at least.

As an example of the spring constant connecting the bogies 15A to 15C and the vehicle body 13, a bolsterless bogie is shown in FIGS.
As described with reference to FIG. 4, the same applies to a trolley with a general bolster that is not a bolsterless trolley.

[0042]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle structure of an electric vehicle capable of preventing each bogie from vibrating in synchronization with a current fluctuation when a large number of main electric motors are driven by a common power converter. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a main circuit of a diesel electric locomotive that is the subject of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a bolsterless bogie that is a first embodiment of the vehicle structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention.

3 is a bottom view of the underfloor of the vehicle body for explaining the relationship between the lower core plate fitting 17 and the bolster anchor 20 shown in FIG. 2. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a spring mechanism of the bolster anchor of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a bogie with a bolster which is a second embodiment of the vehicle structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the bogie of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view for explaining the bolster anchor shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram when driving two groups of main electric motors with two engines in an example of a diesel electric locomotive.

9 is an explanatory view of the diesel electric locomotive of FIG. 8 in the case where one of the two engines is stopped and all the main electric motors are driven by one engine.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an output voltage waveform and an output current waveform of the rectifier, a current waveform of each traction motor, and a waveform of a slip frequency command value when operating in the state of FIG. 9.

[Explanation of symbols]

1A, 1B ... Diesel engine, 2 ... Main controller, 3
… Synchronous generator, 4… Generator excitation controller, 5… Exciter, 6
... rectifier, 7 ... reactor, 8 ... condenser, 9 ... 3
Phase inverter, 10, 10A to 10F ... Main motor, 11
... Wheels, 12A, 12B ... Main motor group, 13,1
3A ... vehicle body, 14, 14A ... air spring, 15, 15D ...
Bogie underframe, 15A to 15C ... Bogie, 16, 16A ... Mandrel, 17 ... Lower mandrel fitting, 18 ... Bogie side seat, 19, 19A
… Rails, 20, 20A… Bolster anchors, 21…
Bush pin, 22 ... Rubber bush, 23 ... Bolt, 2
4 ... Outer peripheral metal fittings, 25A to 25C ... Spring by bolster anchor, 26 ... Output voltage waveform of rectifier 6, 27 ... Output current waveform of rectifier 6, 28A to 28C ... Main motor current,
29 ... Main motor rotation speed, 30 ... Slip frequency command value, 31
... Holster (rocking pillow), 32 ... Side support, 33 ... Bolster anchor support, 34 ... Rubber seat, 35 ... Washer, 36 ... Bolt.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A single vehicle body is placed on a plurality of carriages arranged along the traveling direction, and the vehicle body and each of the carriages are connected and restrained by spring mechanisms respectively arranged in the traveling direction, A plurality of wheels included in each of the carriages are driven to rotate by independent main electric motors, and the same electric power is supplied to the respective main electric motors from a common power conversion device to move the vehicle in a predetermined direction. The vehicle structure of an electric vehicle that is movable, wherein the spring constants of the spring mechanisms are configured to be different at least between adjacent bogies before and after the traveling direction. 2. The vehicle structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle has three carriages for one vehicle body, and the spring mechanism is arranged between the intermediate carriage existing in the intermediate position and the vehicle body. A vehicle structure of an electric vehicle characterized in that a spring constant is made smaller than a spring constant of a spring mechanism arranged between a bogie before and after the intermediate bogie and a vehicle body. 3. The vehicle structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a first drive system drives each of the four to six main electric motors by the generated electric power obtained by each of the first and second power conversion devices. And the electric power obtained by one of the first and second power conversion devices,
It is possible to switch the second drive system for driving all of the six main motors, and in the case of the second drive system, the spring constant of the spring mechanism in the front-rear direction of each of the carriages is slightly shifted. The vehicle structure of the electric car that is characterized. 4. The vehicle structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the spring mechanism for connecting and restraining each bogie and the vehicle body comprises a bolster anchor and a rubber seat incorporated therein, and the rubber of the rubber seat is By changing the hardness for each bogie or changing the rubber thickness of the rubber seat to change the longitudinal spring constant of the bolster anchor, the longitudinal natural frequency of each bogie was made different. A vehicle structure of an electric vehicle characterized by the above. 5. The vehicle structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle has four carriages for one vehicle body, and the eight main electric motors are driven by electric power from the power conversion device. When each main motor is mounted on two bogies of two cars by driving, the spring constant of the spring mechanism of the two bogies mounted on one car is changed significantly. Vehicle structure of an electric car.