JPH08240788A - Stereoscopic picture display device and stereoscopic picture display system using same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the gaps of excit pupils and the clearing areas of parallatic pictures from being generated by making plural pictures focus on the same position of the main flat plane of a convex lens while making plural picture projection systems display pictures having parallax each other and making the convex lens reciprocate in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the lens. CONSTITUTION: Four pieces forming one picture projection system with one display means displaying the picture and one projecting lens projecting the picture are provided. That is, a convex lens 2 is mounted on a moving base to perform a high-speed reciprocating motion equal to or faster than 30 times in one sec. in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axis A of the convex lens 2. For example, an optical system whose cycle of the reciprocal motion is made to be T sec. being in A state at a time zero sec. is moved to a position at a time T/2 where excit pupils AbB' to AdB' of the overall system are in contact with excit pupils AaA' to AcA' of the overall system at a time zero sec. like in the figure B. Consequently, at the time T/2sec., excit pupils AaB' to AdB' of the overall system are to be positioned at positions of gaps of excit pupils AaA' to AdA' of the overall system at the time zero sec. and then exit pupils of the overall system are made to be connected on a plane P2 .

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device and a stereoscopic image display system using the same, and more particularly to a stereoscopic image display system which allows a user to comfortably observe a stereoscopic image without wearing special glasses or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various methods have been proposed as stereoscopic image display methods. Among them is a stereoscopic image display method using special glasses such as colored glasses, polarized glasses, and time-division shutter glasses.

As a "glasses-free" stereoscopic image display method that does not use these special glasses, a lenticular method using a display surface having a strong directivity is known. Figure 11
Is an explanatory diagram of this lenticular system. This system is configured by arranging a large number of semi-cylindrical lenticular lenses in the horizontal direction. Using the lenticular lens, the images corresponding to the left and right eyes are divided vertically and alternately arranged on the rear surface, which is the focal plane of the lenticular lens plate, and when viewed through a lenticular lens plate from a predetermined position, the lenticular lens plate is observed. The image is separated into an image for the left eye and an image for the right eye according to the directional characteristic of, and stereoscopic viewing is possible.

Further, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 5-252539 discloses a stereoscopic image display method in which a large-diameter convex lens or a cylindrical lens is used instead of a directional lenticular lens, and a plurality of parallax images can be observed from a plurality of viewpoints. Has been done.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of an embodiment using the convex lens of the publication. FIG. 12A is an explanatory diagram of an input device that obtains a plurality of parallax images. A to b in this input device
Convex lens group with a small three-dimensional object existing in the region of interest up to
An image is formed on the imaging surface by m _{1 to} m _n .

The three-dimensional object is moved from the area a ₁ to b ₁ on the image pickup surface by the first lens m ₁ , and the area a ₂ to b ₂ on the image pickup surface by the second lens m ₂ . .... The nth (n
Are imaged independently in the area of the b _n from a _n on the imaging surface by the lens m _n is a natural number), it is possible to obtain a plurality of parallax images by recording them.

FIG. 12B is an explanatory diagram of a stereoscopic image display method for displaying a stereoscopic image using a plurality of parallax images obtained by the above method.

The n parallax images obtained by the above method are displayed on a display such as a CRT arranged on the same plane, and each parallax image is similarly displayed by a small convex lens group arranged on the same plane. Is imaged at the optical effective position of the large convex lens.

Further, the focal length of this large convex lens is f
However, since the optical effective position of the large convex lens and the optical effective position of the small convex lens group are 2f apart, the small convex lens is located 2f away from the small convex lens group in the opposite direction across the large convex lens group. The images of the group pupils, ie the exit pupils, are formed next to each other.

Therefore, if the observer observes the large-sized convex lens near the exit pupil group, it becomes possible to observe different parallax images depending on the positions of the eyes, and the left and right eyes are placed on the exit pupils of the different convex lenses, respectively. Stereoscopic viewing can be performed by observing the large convex lens.

[0011]

The above-mentioned conventional "without glasses" stereoscopic image display methods have the following problems, respectively.

(1) Method using lenticular lens Since the parallax image is divided and arranged according to the number of lenticular lenses in the horizontal direction, the resolution of the image decreases as the number of division increases.

Further, the image quality is deteriorated due to the influence of lens aberration and diffraction.

Further, since the correspondence between the lens and the parallax image shifts with the movement of the viewpoint, the image "jump" occurs.

(2) Method using large-diameter convex lens or cylindrical lens As can be seen from FIG. 11, in this method, if the small lens groups are not arranged next to each other without a gap, the observer can see the displayed image continuously horizontally. When moving in the direction, there is a "blank" area where the image cannot be observed.

However, since the lens is generally fixed by the lens barrel, the pupil of the lens is smaller than the outer diameter of the lens. Therefore, it is difficult to arrange these lens groups next to each other without a gap, and it is not possible to construct an apparatus capable of observing a natural stereoscopic image.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the breakage of the exit pupil at the time of reproducing a stereoscopic image, which has been difficult to eliminate in a stereoscopic image display device without glasses, which uses a large-diameter convex lens (condensing lens). Thus, the present invention provides a stereoscopic image display device and a stereoscopic image display system using the stereoscopic image display device capable of observing a high-quality stereoscopic image in which a “blank” region of a parallax image does not occur.

[0018]

The stereoscopic image display device of the present invention comprises: (1-1) a plurality of image projection systems each comprising an image display means for displaying an image and an image projection lens for projecting the image; An image with parallax is displayed on each image display means of the plurality of image projection systems provided in one direction, and the plurality of images projected by the plurality of image projection systems are the same on the main plane of the convex lens. When the image is formed at a position and the image formed on the principal plane is observed, the convex lens is reciprocated in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axis.

In particular, (1-1-1) The reciprocating motion is performed 30 times or more per second. (1-1-2) The exit pupils of the plurality of image projection lenses are located on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the convex lens. (1-1-3) The exit pupils of the plurality of image projection lenses are located on a cylindrical surface whose center of rotation is the vertical axis passing through the optical axis of the convex lens. (1-1-4) The diameter in the horizontal direction of the images of the exit pupils of the plurality of image projection lenses formed by the convex lens is φ,
When the center-to-center interval between the images of the adjacent exit pupils is e, the stroke of movement of the images of the exit pupil by one reciprocating movement of the convex lens is at least larger than (e−φ). (1-1-5) The images of the exit pupils of the plurality of image projection lenses, which are formed by the convex lenses, are apart from the convex lenses by a distance of clear vision or more. It is characterized by such things.

Further, the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention comprises: (1-2) a plurality of image projection systems each comprising an image display means for displaying an image and a first image projection lens for projecting the image, in one direction. In preparation for this, images with parallax are displayed on the respective image display means of the plurality of image projection systems, and the plurality of images projected by the plurality of image projection systems are the same on the main plane of the first convex lens. When an image formed on the main plane of the second convex lens is observed, the intermediate image is formed on the main plane of the second convex lens by the second image projection lens, and the intermediate image is formed on the main plane of the second convex lens. It is characterized in that the first convex lens is reciprocated in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axis thereof.

(1-2-1) In particular, the reciprocating motion is performed 30 times or more per second. (1-2-2) The exit pupils of the plurality of first image projection lenses are located on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the second convex lens. (1-2-3) The exit pupils of the plurality of first image projection lenses are located on a cylindrical surface whose rotation center is the vertical axis passing through the optical axis of the second convex lens. (1-2-4) The horizontal diameter of the images of the exit pupils of the plurality of first image projection lenses formed by the first convex lens, the second image projection lens, and the second convex lens is φ, and the adjacent exit pupils are φ. When the center-to-center distance from the image of E is e, the stroke by which the image of the exit pupil moves by one reciprocating movement of the first convex lens is at least larger than (e−φ). (1-2-5) Images of the exit pupils of the plurality of first image projection lenses, which are formed by the first convex lens, the second image projection lens, and the second convex lens, are equal to or more than the distance of clear vision from the second convex lens. is seperated. It is characterized by such things.

Further, the stereoscopic image display system of the present invention comprises (1-3) a plurality of image pickup systems each including an image pickup lens for forming an image of an object and an image input means for inputting the image. The entrance pupil of the imaging lens is arranged on the same plane orthogonal to the optical axis of the imaging lens, and the plurality of imaging systems are integrally reciprocated at a rate of 30 times or more per second in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axis. 7. A parallax image input device for inputting parallax images to the image input means while exercising, and displaying images from the plurality of image input means in any one of (1-1) to (1-2-5). In a stereoscopic image display system configured to display on each image display unit of the stereoscopic image display device, when displaying a parallax image obtained by the parallax image input device, an imaging system for inputting the parallax image The convex lens or the first convex is synchronized with the reciprocating motion. It is characterized by for controlling the reciprocating movement of the lens.

Further, (1-4) a plurality of image pickup systems each including an image pickup lens for forming an image of an object and image input means for inputting the image are provided, and the entrance pupils of the plurality of image pickup lenses are arranged in the vertical direction. The parallax images are arranged on a cylindrical surface having an axis, and the plurality of image pickup systems are integrally reciprocated along the arc of the horizontal cross section of the cylindrical surface at a rate of 30 times or more per second, and the parallax image is acquired by the image input means. A stereoscopic image display device according to any one of (1-1) to (1-2-5). In the stereoscopic image display system configured to display each of the means, when displaying the parallax image obtained by the parallax image input device, the convex lens or the convex lens or the synchronous lens is synchronized with the reciprocating motion of the imaging lens when the parallax image is input. To control the reciprocating movement of the first convex lens It is a symptom.

Particularly, (1-4-1) The stroke of the reciprocating motion of the image pickup system is less than the center distance between the entrance pupils of the adjacent image pickup lenses.

[0025]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is a stereoscopic image display device, and Fig. 1 (A) shows a case where the vibrating movable table 1 is at the upper end in the plane of the paper.
(B) shows the case where the movable table 1 is at the lower end in the plane of the drawing. It should be noted that the drawings relating to the optical system in the present text are viewed from "vertically above" unless otherwise specified.

[0026] In the figure, D _a to D _d is the image displaying means and are constituted by a liquid crystal display with a backlight, the image O via the output signal processing unit to generate image information in the image generating section Displayed as _{a to} O _d .

[0027] In front of the image display unit D _a to D _d are arranged image projection lens L _a ~L _d, these image projection lens
L _{a to} L _d are images O _{a to} O _d magnified and their images I _{a at} the same position near the main plane position of the large-diameter convex lens (condensing lens) 2.
~ I _d is imaged. These images I _{a to} I _d are called image 3. Each image projection lens L _a ~L _d has a circular aperture, but the exit pupil A _a to A _d is formed as an image of the iris, these exit pupils A _a to A _d is a convex lens 2 Light It is configured so as to be located on the plane P ₁ perpendicular to the axis A.

That is, in the case of the present embodiment, there are provided four image display systems each including one image display means for displaying an image and one image projection lens for projecting the image.

On the other hand, the surface P ₁ is imaged on the surface P ₂ by the convex lens 2. Therefore, exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the entire optical system including the image projection lenses L _{a to} L _d and the convex lens 2 are formed on the surface P ₂ . The subscripts _{A and B} attached to A _aA 'and A _aB ' in the figure respectively mean the case of FIG. (A) and the case of FIG. (B).

FIG. 2 shows the exit pupil A of the entire system formed on the plane P ₂ .
It is a view seen from the observer side _a '~A _d'. In the figure, the shape of the solid line is the exit pupil A _aA '~ _Ad A' of the whole system in the case of Fig. 1 (A).

In the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the entire system, the images are respectively
Since all the rays that contribute to the formation of I _{a to} I _d (image 3) pass through, the observer's pupil is placed in the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of these entire systems and the direction of the convex lens 2 is changed. Looking at, you can observe the entire image 3 without "vignetting".

At this time, the convex lens 2 has a role of a so-called "field lens". Since the lens thickness and refractive power on the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' side of the entire system from the principal plane of the convex lens 2 are kept small, the image 3 is projected onto the exit pupil A _a 'to the entire system.
When observed in the A _d 'direction, the image formation state does not change significantly. Therefore, a good magnified image of the images O _{a to} O _d can be observed.

Since the purpose of this embodiment is to observe the image 3, the plane P ₂ is separated from the convex lens 2 by a distance (25 cm) which is a clear distance.

However, in the case of FIG. 1A, the image projection lens L _a
Since the exit pupils A _{a to} A _d of ~ L _d are smaller than the outer diameter of each image projection lens, there is inevitably a gap between the exit pupils.
As shown in 2, the exit pupils A _aA 'to A _dA ' of the entire system are also lined up with a gap between each exit pupil. Therefore, when an observer who observes the image 3 near the plane P ₂ moves his or her pupil along the plane P ₂ , there is a region where `` blurring '' occurs in the image, so that there are a plurality of parallax images I _{a to} I _d . The observation becomes discontinuous.

In view of this, in this embodiment, the convex lens 2 is mounted on one movable table 1, and a high-speed reciprocating motion of at least 30 times per second is performed in the horizontal (in the plane of the drawing) direction orthogonal to the optical axis A of the convex lens 2. , The expansion pupil of the entire system is expanded by the afterimage effect of the human eye.

For example, assuming that the cycle of reciprocating motion is T seconds, at time 0 seconds (when the moving table 1 is located at one end),
The optical system that was in the state of (A) at time T / 2 seconds (when the moving table 1 is located at the other end), as shown in Fig. 1 (B), exit pupil A _bB '~ of the entire system. A _dB 'is the exit pupil of the entire system at time 0 seconds A _aA '
~ It is set to move to the position in contact with A _cA '.

[0037] That is, the image of the exit pupil of the plurality of image projection lens L _a ~L _d formed by the convex lens 2 (the exit pupil of the entire system)
_{A a} '~A _d' is the horizontal size of each image of the stroke to move by one reciprocating motion of the convex lens 2 exit pupil _{A a} '~A _d' of the entire system phi, the exit pupil adjacent image When the center-to-center spacing between and is e, it is set to be larger than at least (e-φ) (Fig. 2).

As a result, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2, at the position of the gap between the exit pupils A _aA 'to A _dA ' of the entire system on the plane P ₂ at the time 0 seconds, the system of the entire system at the time T / 2 seconds. The exit pupil A _aB 'to A _dB ' is located and the exit pupils of the entire system are connected.

Since the above reciprocating motion is performed at high speed,
A person who observes the image 3 near the plane P ₂ cannot recognize the movement of the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the whole system due to the afterimage effect, and the exit pupil of the whole system is not recognized.
It will be recognized as one large pupil A _a0 '~ A _d0 ' connected to one.

As a result, the observer can observe a plurality of parallax images substantially continuously even if the pupil is moved along the plane P ₂ without causing “blurring” of the image.

The position detecting means 4 detects the position of the movable table 1. This position information is sent to the output signal processing unit to control the image to be displayed or the camera to photograph the input image. Or

In order to generate the high-speed reciprocating motion as described above, the most common method is to connect a crank to the rotating shaft of a motor or the like to convert the revolving motion into the reciprocating motion. A method of generating reciprocating motion by turning on / off, a method of utilizing an internal combustion engine, contraction of air, and the like are also effective.

Excludes a break of the exit pupil at the time of stereoscopic image reproduction using very common image projection lens L _a ~L _d in [0043] this embodiment.

The image display means D _{a to} D _d may be CR.
Generally, image display means such as T, plasma display, 8 mm film, and slide can be used.

The convex lens 2 is not limited to a single lens. It is also possible to replace with an achromatic lens in which a plurality of lenses are stuck together, or a multi-lens in which several single lenses are arranged at a predetermined distance.

The present invention further expands the vertical viewing area,
The performance as a stereoscopic image display device can be improved.

In Example 1, the aperture shapes of the image projection lenses L _{a to} L _d are regular circles, and the position changes (movement loci) of the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d' of the entire system as shown in FIG. ) Occurs. In this case, the lateral viewing area is enlarged by the movement of the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the entire system, whereas the vertical viewing area is narrow. Therefore,
If _a vertically long elliptical diaphragm or rectangular diaphragm is used as the diaphragm for each image projection lens L _{a to} L _d , the vertical viewing area can be expanded without narrowing the viewing area of the exit pupil in the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. 3. You can do it.

If a directional screen (for example, a one-dimensional diffraction grating or a horizontal striped lenticular lens) that diffracts or diffuses a light beam only in the vertical direction is provided at the position of the image 3 in the first embodiment, a circular diaphragm is provided. Can also be formed by juxtaposing a large number of exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the entire system in the vertical direction, effectively making the diaphragm shape close to that shown in Fig. 3 and expanding the vertical viewing area. You can

In the first embodiment, the image projection lens group L _a
It is assumed that the plane P ₁ on which the exit pupils A _{a to} A _d of ~ L _d are arranged in parallel and the plane P ₂ on which the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the entire system are arranged in parallel are all planes. . However, especially considering the "circumference observation" from the side when the observer observes a stereoscopic image, the plane P ₂ is a cylindrical plane whose axis is the vertical axis orthogonal to the optical axis A of the lens 2. desirable.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Components of the present embodiment is the exit pupil A _a to A _d a parallel arrangement plane P ₁ of the cylindrical surface of the image projection lens L _a ~L _d view of is the same as in Example 1 above, the injection of the entire system The pupils A _a 'to A _d ' are arranged in parallel on the cylindrical surface P ₂ .

The exit pupils A _{a to} A _d of the respective image projection lenses L _{a to} L _d are arranged on the cylindrical surface P ₁ , but the image display means D _{a to} D _d are adjusted in inclination so that image display is possible. The images O _{a to} O _d on the means are images I _a formed at substantially the same position by any image projection lens.
An image 3 consisting of ~ I _d is formed near the principal plane position of the convex lens 2. In this case, the convex lens 2 is designed to suppress the occurrence of aberration and unevenness of magnification in the state where a cylindrical surface object is imaged on the cylindrical image surface, unlike a lens that forms an image on a planar image surface of a general planar object. To use.

According to this embodiment, the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the entire system
Is concave on the image 3 side and is formed in an arc shape on a vertical cylindrical surface that is separated from the image 3 by a distance longer than the clear vision. Therefore, a good stereoscopic image can be observed when performing so-called "surrounding observation".

Both Example 1 and Example 2 are convex lenses.
Reciprocate 2 to expand the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d'of the entire system in the lateral direction, and expand the exit pupils A _a0 ' to A _d0 'and image 3 (images I _{a to} I _d ).
I try to observe. Accordingly the exit pupils A _aA of the entire system 'image I _a look at is also the exit pupil A _{a B} of the entire system' viewing objects between the image I _a thigh see in position are the same.

5 and 6 are schematic views of the essential portions of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The present embodiment is an embodiment in which the convex lens for reciprocating motion is made smaller to facilitate high speed motion. 5 and 6 are diagrams in which the moving convex lenses are located at both ends of the moving range. The configuration of this embodiment will be described. In the figure,
D _{a to} D _d are image display means and are composed of a liquid crystal display with a backlight, and display image information generated by the image generation unit as images O _{a to} O _d via the output signal processing unit. are doing.

[0055] In front of the image display unit D _a to D _d are arranged first image projection lens L _a ~L _d, these first image projection lens L _a ~L _d image O _a ~ O Enlarge _d to make the first convex lens 2
And forms an intermediate image I _a ~I _d at substantially the same location near the main plane position of. These intermediate images I _{a to} I _d are called image 3. Each first image projection lens L _a ~L _d has a circular aperture,
The exit pupils A _{a to} A _d are formed as images of the diaphragm,
These exit pupils A _{a to} A _d are arranged so as to be located on the plane P ₁ orthogonal to the optical axis A of the second convex lens 2 ′.

That is, in the case of the present embodiment, there are provided four image display systems each including one image display means for displaying an image and one first image projection lens for projecting the image.

In the first embodiment, the observer directly observed the image 3, but in the present embodiment, the image 3 is further magnified by the second image projection lens 5 to form an image 3'at another position.
A large-diameter second convex lens (condensing lens) 2'is arranged at the image forming position of the image 3 '. And the second convex lens
The image 3'is formed on the principal plane of 2 '.

[0058] exit pupil A _a to A _d of the first image projection lens L _a ~L _d
The surface P ₁ on which P is formed is imaged on the surface P ₂ by the first convex lens 2. The plane P ₂ is near the pupil position 6 of the second image projection lens 5, and on the plane P ₂ the intermediate images A _a 'to A _d ' of the exit pupils A _{a to} A _d.
Is formed. (Note that the subscripts _{A and B} attached to A _aA 'and A _aB ' in the figure mean the two cases where the first convex lens is located at both ends of the range of motion, respectively).

The surface P ₂ is further moved to the surface P ₃ by the second convex lens 2 ′.
Image on. Therefore, the intermediate image A _a '~ of the exit pupil is on the plane P _3.
The image of A _d ', that is, the exit pupil A _a `` ~ A <sub>d</sub> `` of the entire system, that is, the exit of the multiple first image projection lenses formed by the first convex lens, the second image projection lens, and the second convex lens. An image of the pupil will be formed and formed side by side as shown in the figure.

The exit pupils A _a ″ to A _d ″ of the entire system are formed at a distance more than the distance of clear vision from the image 3 ′ formed on the second convex lens 2 ′.

Since the exit pupil lenses A _a ″ to A _d ″ of the entire system are discretely arranged, when observing the image 3 ′ from the vicinity of the plane P ₃ , the observable position and the unobservable position alternate. Exists.

However, in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the first
The convex lens 2 is fixed to the movable base 1, and the movable base is reciprocated at a high speed of 30 times or more per second in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axes of the second image projection lens 5 and the second convex lens 2 ', and the result is ejected. The intermediate image of the pupil A _a '~ A _d ' and the exit pupil A _a ` <sub>`</sub> of the whole system ~
It vibrates A _d `` at high speed in the horizontal direction to make the exit pupil continuous and enlarged by the afterimage effect of the human eye.

Assuming that the cycle of reciprocating motion is T seconds, FIG. 5 shows a state in which the movable table is at the upper end in the plane of the paper, and FIG.
/ 2 seconds have passed and the mobile platform has reached the bottom edge of the page. Also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the first convex lens 2
The reciprocating stroke of is the exit pupil of the whole system at T / 2 seconds A _{bB ``}
It is set so that ~ A _dB '' touches the exit pupils _AaA '' ~ _AcA '' of the entire system at 0 seconds.

That is, the images of the exit pupils (entire pupils of the entire system) A _a ″ to A _d ″ of the plurality of image projection lenses formed by the first convex lens, the second image projection lens, and the second convex lens are 1 The stroke moved by one reciprocating movement of the convex lens 2 is the horizontal diameter φ of each image of the exit pupils A _a ″ ~ A _d ″ of the entire system, and the center-to-center spacing between the images of the adjacent exit pupils. Where e is set to be at least larger than (e−φ).

The movement of the exit pupils A _a ″ to A _d ″ of the entire system is the same as in the first embodiment.
This is exactly the same as the movement of the exit pupils A _a 'to A _d ' of the entire system in. Therefore, the present embodiment has the same effects as the first embodiment.

Further, in this embodiment, the first convex lens is downsized and used as a relay lens, and the second image projection lens 5
Since the image is enlarged and projected on the second convex lens 2'by the above, the high-speed reciprocating motion of the first convex lens and the movable table 1 can be more easily achieved.

7 and 8 are schematic views of the essential portions of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Components present embodiment from that of Embodiment 3 is the same, the exit pupil A _a ~ of the first image projection lens L _a ~L _d of Example 3
The surface P _{1 on} which A _d is arranged in parallel is a cylindrical surface, and the surfaces P ₂ and P ₃ are imaged as cylindrical surfaces, and the exit pupils A _a `` to A _d of the entire optical system are formed on the cylindrical surface P _3. '' Are arranged in parallel.

[0068] exit pupil A _a ~ of the first image projection lens L _a ~L _d
A _d is lined up on the cylindrical surface P ₁ , but since the inclinations of the image display means D _{a to} D _d are adjusted, the images O _{a to} O _d on the image display means are at substantially the same positions by any lens. Images formed I _a ~ I _d
The image 3 is formed in the vicinity of the main plane position of the first convex lens 2. In this case, the first convex lens 2 and the like are different from a lens that forms an image of a plane object on a plane image plane, unlike a lens that forms an image of a cylindrical object on the image plane of a cylindrical surface so as to suppress the occurrence of aberrations and uneven magnification. Use what you designed.

This embodiment has the same effect as the third embodiment.
Further, the exit pupils A _a ″ to A _d ″ of the entire system are configured to be formed in an arc shape on a vertical cylindrical surface concave on the image 3 ′ side. Therefore, it also has the effect of being able to observe a good stereoscopic image when performing so-called "surrounding observation".

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. This embodiment is an embodiment of a stereoscopic image display system in which a parallax image input device and a stereoscopic image display device are combined. The present embodiment is composed of two devices: a parallax image input device that inputs a parallax image and records it in a recording unit, and a stereoscopic image display device that outputs a parallax image from the recording unit and reproduces a stereoscopic image.

However, the three-dimensional image display device has an image display means D _a
Although only up to D _d and the moving base 1 are shown, any of the configurations of Examples 1 to 4 can be adopted as the configuration of a portion not shown.

[0072] parallax image input apparatus the imaging lens group L _a to form an image of an object '~L _d', the image input means for inputting said image
D _a 'to D _d ', an input signal processing unit 102, a recorder 103, a moving base 11, a position detecting means 14 and the like.

Therefore, in the parallax image input device of this embodiment, one image pickup system is configured by one image pickup lens for forming an image of an object and one image input means for inputting the image.
It has an individual. And all four imaging systems are mounted on one mobile table 11. The imaging lens unit L _a '~L _d'
The entrance pupil of is arranged along one plane P ₄ which is perpendicular to the optical axes of the imaging lenses L _a 'to L _d '.

When inputting a parallax image, the movable table 11 makes a high-speed reciprocating motion of 30 times or more per second in the horizontal direction of the entire image pickup system in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the image pickup lens. Maximum stroke of the reciprocating motion is a to the center distance between the entrance pupil of the imaging lens L _a '~L _d'.

When the image input means D _a 'to D _d ' is a photoelectric conversion element such as a CCD, the image information signals of the parallax images O _a 'to O _d ' are transmitted as information signals such as optical signals and electric signals. It is sent to the input signal processing unit 102 by a line. The input signal processing unit 102 converts these signals into a format suitable for recording and sends them to the recorder 103, and the recorder 103 records the 4-channel input image. At this time, the position detecting means 14 detects the position of the movable table 11, and the position information is used as the input parallax image O _a '
~ Put it on O _d 'to record.

As a method of recording such a plurality of pieces of parallax image information, almost all recording methods generally called "multi-channel information recording method" (particularly for video information) can be applied. For example, a method of recording information of each channel (each parallax image) on each track of a magneto-optical disk having a plurality of tracks, or recording information on a plurality of magneto-optical disks, hard disks, or tape recorders. The method etc. can be used.

In order to perform image reproduction by this system, four-channel (plural) parallax image information is sent from the recorder 103 to the output signal processing unit 104, and image display means D _{a to} D _d are transmitted via a plurality of transmission lines. And each image O _{a to} O _d is displayed.

At this time, the moving table attached to the parallax image
The mobile platform 1 in the display device reciprocates in synchronization with the 11 position information.

According to the present embodiment, when the parallax image is input, the imaging lens is connected to the adjacent imaging lens on the plane P ₄ and the parallax image of the object is input, and during reproduction, it is synchronized with the position of the imaging lens. Each image is displayed properly.
This makes it possible to observe an excellent stereoscopic image.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 6 of the present invention. This embodiment is an embodiment of a stereoscopic image display system as in the fifth embodiment.

The constituent elements of this embodiment are the same as those of the fifth embodiment, except that the arrangement of each image pickup system is radial and the reciprocating movement of the image pickup system is an arc movement.

In the present embodiment, the image pickup systems are arranged radially in the horizontal direction with the vicinity of the object as the center. The entrance pupils of the imaging lenses L _a 'to L _d ' are all arranged so as to be located on the cylindrical surface P ₄ having an axis in the vertical direction. And inputs the parallax image while reciprocating the moving table 11 carrying the imaging lens L _a '~L _d' at a rate of more than 30 times per second along the arc of the horizontal cross section of the cylindrical surface.

As the stereoscopic image display device of this embodiment, it is preferable to use the embodiments 2 and 4 in which the exit pupil of the entire system is formed on the cylindrical surface.

In the present embodiment, as described above, when inputting the parallax image of the object, all the imaging lenses capture the image so as to face the direction of the object of interest, and observe the image through the exit pupil formed on the cylindrical surface. Therefore, a more natural stereoscopic image can be displayed.

[0085] Examples 5 and 6 are captured parallax image by reciprocating a group imaging lens L _a '~L _d' when the input of the parallax image, stop the reciprocating motion, the number of the imaging lens in its instead A parallax image input device that increases the number of parallax images to be input can also be used.

When four (plural) parallax images are generated for each channel in the parallax image input device of the fifth embodiment, eight imaging lenses L _aA ', L _aB ', L _bA ',
It is composed of L _bB ', L _cA ', L _cB ', L _dA ', and L _dB ', and the objects are imaged by arranging them in this order at equal intervals. Fixed period (eg T /
2 seconds) to switch the parallax image from the imaging lens L _aA ', L _bA ', L _cA ', L _dA ' and the parallax image from the imaging lens L _aB ', L _bB ', L _cB ', L _dB '. It is recorded in the recorder via the input image processing unit. Note that the switching information is placed on each parallax image.

In displaying a stereoscopic image, the imaging lenses L _aA ', L _bA ', L _cA ', L _dA ' in synchronization with the position of the movable table 1, that is, when the movable table 1 is in the upper half of the drawing. imaging in displaying a parallax image captured on the image display unit D _a to D _d, the imaging lens when the moving table 1 is in the lower half of the range of movement L _aB in _{', L bB', L cB} ', L dB' Display the selected image. The switching is performed by the position detecting means 4
Switch according to the position information of mobile platform 1 from.

With this configuration, the exit pupil A _a 'of the entire system
~ A _d 'or A _a ″ ~ A _d ″, the parallax images are further switched, so that a more excellent stereoscopic image can be observed.

[0089]

According to the present invention, with the above-described structure, in a stereoscopic image display device without glasses, which uses a large-diameter convex lens (condensing lens), it is difficult to eliminate the exit pupil at the time of reproducing a stereoscopic image. Discontinuity to eliminate discontinuity in parallax images
A stereoscopic image display device and a stereoscopic image display system using the stereoscopic image display device capable of observing a high-quality stereoscopic image in which no region occurs.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main part of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a position change (movement locus) of the exit pupil of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a visual field of an exit pupil by a modified diaphragm.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional stereoscopic image display device (lenticular system).

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of a conventional stereoscopic image display device (convex lens system).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Moving table 2 Convex lens, 1st convex lens 2'2nd convex lens 3 Image (I _a ~ I _d ) 3 'Image (I _a ' ~ I _d ') 4 Position detection means 5 Second image projection lens 6 Second image projection Eye of lens 11 Moving table of parallax image input device 14 Position detection means of parallax image input device 102 Input signal processing unit 103 Recorder 104 Output signal processing unit D _{a to} D _d Image display means D _a 'to D _d ' Image input means O _a 〜 O _d image O _a ′ 〜 O _d ′ Parallax image La _a 〜 L _d Image projection lens, 1st image projection lens La _a 〜 L _d ′ Imaging lens A _a 〜 A _d Image projection lens, 1st image Projection lens exit pupil A _a ′ ~ A _d ′ The exit pupil of the entire system with a convex lens, the intermediate image of the exit pupil with the first convex lens A _a ″ ~ A _d ″ The exit pupil of the entire system (exit pupil with the second convex lens Image) A _a0 '〜 A _d0 ' enlarged image of the exit pupil

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of image projection systems each comprising an image display means for displaying an image and an image projection lens for projecting the image are provided in one direction, and each image display means of the plurality of image projection systems comprises: When observing images formed on the main plane by displaying images having parallax with each other and forming a plurality of images projected by the plurality of image projection systems at the same position on the main plane of the convex lens. A stereoscopic image display device characterized in that the convex lens is reciprocated in a horizontal direction orthogonal to its optical axis. 2. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating motion is performed 30 times or more per second. 3. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, wherein the exit pupils of the plurality of image projection lenses are located on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the convex lens. 4. The stereoscopic image according to claim 1, wherein the exit pupils of the plurality of image projection lenses are located on a cylindrical surface whose rotation center is a vertical axis passing through the optical axis of the convex lens. Display device. 5. When the horizontal diameter of the images of the exit pupils of the plurality of image projection lenses formed by the convex lenses is φ and the center-to-center spacing between the images of the adjacent exit pupils is e, the convex lenses 5. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, wherein the stroke of moving the image of the exit pupil by one reciprocating motion is at least larger than (e−φ). 6. The image of the exit pupil of each of the plurality of image projection lenses, which is formed by the convex lens, is separated from the convex lens by a distance equal to or more than the clear vision.
3, 4 or 5 stereoscopic image display device. 7. A plurality of image projection systems, each of which comprises an image display means for displaying an image and a first image projection lens for projecting the image, are provided in one direction, and each image display means of the plurality of image projection systems. Images having parallax with each other are displayed on the screen, and a plurality of images projected by the plurality of image projection systems are formed as intermediate images at the same position on the main plane of the first convex lens. When the image formed on the main plane of the second convex lens is observed again by re-imaging on the main plane of the second convex lens by the two-image projection lens, the first convex lens is reciprocated in the horizontal direction orthogonal to its optical axis. A stereoscopic image display device characterized by being in motion. 8. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 7, wherein the reciprocating motion is performed 30 times or more per second. 9. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 7, wherein the exit pupils of the plurality of first image projection lenses are located on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the second convex lens. 10. The exit pupils of the plurality of first image projection lenses are located on a cylindrical surface having a vertical axis passing through an optical axis of the second convex lens as a rotation center.
Alternatively, the stereoscopic image display device of 8. 11. A horizontal diameter of an image of an exit pupil of the plurality of first image projection lenses formed by the first convex lens, the second image projection lens, and the second convex lens is φ, and images of adjacent exit pupils are φ. The stroke of moving the image of the exit pupil by one reciprocating movement of the first convex lens is at least larger than (e−φ), where e is the center-to-center spacing between 8, 9 or 10 stereoscopic image display device. 12. The images of the exit pupils of the plurality of first image projection lenses, which are formed by the first convex lens, the second image projection lens, and the second convex lens, are separated from the second convex lens by a distance equal to or more than a clear vision distance. The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the stereoscopic image display apparatus is a stereoscopic image display apparatus. 13. An image pickup system comprising a plurality of image pickup lenses for forming an image of an object and image input means for inputting the images, wherein the entrance pupils of the plurality of image pickup lenses are orthogonal to the optical axis of the image pickup lens. Parallax for inputting parallax images to the image input means while integrally reciprocating the plurality of image pickup systems in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the optical axis at a rate of 30 times or more per second. A stereoscopic image display system having an image input device, wherein images from the plurality of image input devices are displayed on the respective image display devices of the stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1. In displaying the parallax image obtained by the parallax image input device, the reciprocating motion of the convex lens or the first convex lens is controlled in synchronization with the reciprocating motion of the imaging system when the parallax image is input. 3D image display system Beam. 14. An image pickup system comprising a plurality of image pickup lenses for forming an image of an object and image input means for inputting the images, and an entrance pupil of the plurality of image pickup lenses is a cylindrical surface having an axis in the vertical direction. A parallax image which is arranged on the top and inputs the parallax image to the image input means while integrally reciprocating at a rate of 30 times or more per second along the arc of the horizontal cross section of the cylindrical surface. A stereoscopic image display system having an input device, wherein images from the plurality of image input means are displayed on respective image display means of the stereoscopic image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 12. When the parallax image obtained by the parallax image input device is displayed, the reciprocating motion of the convex lens or the first convex lens is controlled in synchronization with the reciprocating motion of the imaging lens when the parallax image is input. 3D image display system . 15. The stereoscopic image display system according to claim 13, wherein the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the image pickup system is equal to or less than the center distance between the entrance pupils of the adjacent image pickup lenses.