JPH0823520B2 - Automatic penetration measuring device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring the penetration of a needle into a pasty substance such as petroleum asphalt.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, JIS has been used to measure penetration of petroleum asphalt.
The method described in K-2207 is used.

The method is a method in which a needle having a specified shape is vertically penetrated into a sample at a specified temperature with a specified load and time, and the penetration depth of the needle is measured.

In this method, when inserting the needle into the sample,
First, it is necessary to make the tip of the needle come into contact with the sample without damaging the surface of the sample.In this operation, the shadow of the needle tip is cast on the surface of the sample by holding the lamp over, or the tip of the needle is mirrored. Adjust the height of the sample stand while gazing,
This is a task that requires considerable skill.

In addition, the operation of inserting the needle into the sample at a prescribed time is within a short period of time, and there is room for the individual difference of the measurer to occur considerably.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a device for automatically measuring the penetration is a publication distributed in Japan before the present application,
It is proposed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 49-31677, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-6404 or Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-109248.

The device proposed by the technique described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 49-31677 is a needle penetration measuring device, a weight integral with the needle, and a needle penetration measuring device in which a dial gauge shaft is hung with an elastic thread. In addition, an optoelectronic element is attached so that the penetration measuring operation can be automatically performed, and an optoelectronic relay and a timer are incorporated. In the above device, when the sample surface comes into contact with the needle, a weight load (for example, 100 g in the case of JIS-K-2530) is applied to the sample surface.

Therefore, the initial contact between the needle tip and the surface of the sample cannot be sensitively converted as the tension fluctuation of the elastic yarn. Further, the operating friction of the dial gauge itself also affects the sensitivity.

Further, a position control device capable of precisely moving the sample up and down and stopping it is required, and it is unavoidable that the device becomes complicated. Therefore, there is a possibility that the detection of the stylus position may involve an error.

 Also, there is no means to define the penetration time of the measuring needle.

In the technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-6404, the needle for measuring the degree of penetration and the weight are not integrated, and the needle insertion time of the measuring needle is automated.

However, the positional relationship between the measuring needles is indirectly measured by measuring the tension / relaxation of the flexible thread that hangs down the rod-shaped body equipped with the measuring needles through the output of a strain gauge. Therefore, there is not a little room for disturbance to be added to the measurement value of the stylus position and the measuring means.

In addition, this method / apparatus also accurately moves the sample up and down, and
A motor to stop is indispensable, a position control device is required, and the device itself becomes complicated.

The technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-109248 has a timer and a non-contact position measuring means, and the weight is separated from the needle holder. The defect cannot be resolved.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when the sample surface and the needle come into contact with each other, it is possible to detect this without applying a weight load to the sample surface, and a simple means It is an object of the present invention to provide a device capable of automatically and objectively obtaining the distance at which the measuring needle is inserted.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the automatic penetration measuring device of the present invention is provided with the respective constituents as described below. (1) A needle for measuring the penetration, a needle holder and a weight stopper are provided. A rod-shaped body, one end of the balance rod and the upper end of the rod-shaped body are connected and hung down,
At the other end of the balance rod, a balance weight is installed to match with the balance rod, and a fulcrum that can receive a balance rod that balances the weight with the rod-shaped body is provided. A vertically movable support body, and a weight holder provided on the support body. A weight placed on the weight holder for loading the needle holder of a rod-shaped body, a non-contact type detector for detecting the displacement amount of the rod-shaped body, a stopper for fixing or releasing the vertical movement of the rod-shaped body, and An automatic needle penetration measuring device comprising a timer for controlling the opening time of the rod-shaped body.

(2) Needle for needle penetration measurement, a rod-shaped body provided with a holder for the needle and a weight stopper, a spring holder for holding the spring and the rod-shaped body, in which the upper end of the rod-shaped body is connected to the free end of the spring and hung down , A guide part that supports the spring holder so as to be slidable in the longitudinal axis direction without frictional resistance, and a weight holder and a weight placed on the weight holder for loading the needle holder,
A vertically movable support body including a spring holder supported by a guide portion so that the lower end is brought into contact with the weight, a non-contact type detector that detects a displacement amount of the rod-shaped body, and a vertical movement of the rod-shaped body is fixed or released. An automatic needle penetration measuring device comprising: a stopper and a timer for controlling the opening time of the rod.

[Action]

The automatic penetration measuring device of the present invention is configured as described above, the needle for the penetration measuring device, a rod-shaped body integrally formed with the needle holder and the weight stopper, balance the weight. However, the sample is held in contact with the sample surface.

Since no weight is attached to the rod-shaped body, the rod-shaped body is very lightweight, and in addition to having a balance means,
Since the non-contact type detector is provided, it is possible to securely hold the sample without inserting the needle into the sample, but in the state of being in contact with the surface of the sample.

In this state, the support is lowered, and the “weight” placed on the weight holder provided on the support and adjusted to have a specified load is placed on the needle holder that is a part of the rod-shaped body. Place. Next, release the fixed rod-shaped body, insert the needle into the sample for a certain time, and measure the distance between the state where the needle is in contact with the sample surface and the needle inserted into the sample with a non-contact measuring means. The needle penetration is automatically measured by using and detecting.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the automatic needle penetration measuring device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Regarding the details of the structure and shape of the members, various modifications are made based on the technical level at the time of the application of the present invention. Since there can be examples, it should not be allowed to restrictively interpret the technical scope of the present invention based on only the configuration of the embodiments described below without showing any particular reason.

(No. 1) FIGS. 1 and 2 attached hereto show an embodiment of an automatic penetration measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which a needle 2 for measuring penetration is held in contact with the surface of a sample 19, and FIG. 2 shows that the needle 2 is a sample.
It shows the state that the needle has been inserted into 19.

In FIG. 1, the rod-shaped body 1 has a needle 2 for needle penetration measurement fixed to a lower end thereof by a needle holder 3, and a weight stopper 4 provided at a slightly upper portion thereof. Rod 1
The weight holder 5 is installed on the support 6 which can move up and down with respect to the lower side of the weight stopper 4.
A weight 7 is placed on the upper side of the.

Both the weight holder 5 and the weight 7 have hollow core portions so that the rod-shaped body 1 can freely move,
The rod-shaped body 1 is inserted through the hole. On the other hand, a fulcrum 8 is fixed to the upper part of the support body 6, and a balance structure in which a balance bar 9 is supported is provided on the fulcrum 8. One end of the balance bar 9 is located almost directly above the upper end of the rod-shaped body 1. Hang on.

On the other side of the balance bar 9, there is a balance adjustment weight 1
0, the detection unit 11a is attached.

In addition, since the support 6 can be moved up and down, a motor
A pinion 12 connected to the output shaft of 13 is meshed with a rack provided on the support 6, and a detector 14 for detecting the displacement of the detecting portion 11a and detecting the movement of the balance rod 9 is attached. In addition, a detection unit 11 provided separately at one end of the balance rod 9
Detector for sensing the displacement of b and measuring the needle penetration distance 15
To provide.

Further, a solenoid portion 16b for fixing the rod-shaped body 1
And a solenoid stopper consisting of a stopper 16a and a timer 17 for adjusting a specified time are incorporated.

In addition, it is preferable to provide a tubular body holder 18 for holding the rod-shaped body 1 well and allowing the rod-shaped body 1 to freely move in the vertical direction.

Next, a specific operation will be described. With the solenoid stoppers 16a and 16b released, the support bar 6 is lowered by the motor 13 via the rack and pinion 12 while keeping the balance bar 9 in a substantially balanced state, and the tip of the needle 2 is moved to the sample 19 (See FIG. 1).

When the surface of the sample and the needle 2 come into contact with each other, the detection end 11a moves sharply, and the movement is detected by the detector 14, and at the same time, the rod-shaped body 1 is fixed by the solenoid stoppers 16a, 16b.
After the rod-shaped body 1 is fixed, in order to mount the "weight" 7 adjusted to have a specified amount of load on the needle holder 3 fixed to the rod-shaped body 1, the support 6 is lowered and the support The weight 7 is transferred to the needle holder 3 side from the weight holder 5 which is integrally provided with.

In this case, the fulcrum 8 of the balance 9 installed on the support 6 is also lowered, and the balance of the initial balance is lost depending on the degree of the lowering of the support 6.

At this time, in order to apply the specified load to the rod-shaped body 1, the balance adjustment weight 10 is taken into consideration in consideration of the descending distance of the support 6.
It is possible by adjusting.

At this time, the weight 7 after the rod-shaped body 1 is fixed by the solenoid stoppers 16a and 16b by contacting the sample surface with the tip of the needle 2.
It is of course possible to adopt a structure in which only the weight holding tool 5 is lowered, but the structure tends to be complicated.

Next, the solenoid stoppers 16a and 16b are released, and the sample 19
The needle 2 is inserted into the needle, and after the lapse of a time preset by the timer 17, the rod-shaped body 1 is fixed again by the solenoid stoppers 16a and 16b (see FIG. 2).

At this time, the detector 15 detects the position of the needle 2 before and after the needle 19 is inserted into the sample 19, and the difference is calculated and converted by a predetermined method, whereby the degree of penetration of the sample can be calculated.
In this embodiment, two photoelectric detectors 14 and 15 are used.
It is possible to use various types of detectors such as ultrasonic type and capacitance displacement type, and it is also possible for the detector 14 alone to have the function of the detector 15.

After measuring the penetration, by raising the support 6,
The needle 2 can be pulled out from the sample 19 by placing and lifting the weight 7 on the weight holder 5, bringing the weight 7 into contact with the weight stopper 4, and further raising the support 6.

(No. 2) FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are sectional views of an automatic penetration measuring device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows the state in which the needle 2 for measuring the penetration is in contact with the surface of the sample 19 and held, and FIG. 4 shows the state in which the needle 2 is held in contact with the surface of the sample. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the support 6 is lowered and the weight 7 is placed on the needle holder 3 side, and FIG. 5 shows a state in which the needle 2 is inserted into the sample 19.

In FIG. 3, a spring 21 is attached to an upper portion of the rod-shaped body 1, and an upper end of the spring 21 is attached to an upper portion of the spring holder 20. A detection portion 11a for the detector 14 is provided at a connecting portion between the rod-shaped body 1 and the spring 21. Is provided, and the weight holder 5 is a support 6
The same holds as in the case of the embodiment (1).
The support body 6 is provided with a cylindrical support 18 for holding the spring holders 20 so that they can move up and down with respect to each other. The holder 20 is guided in a sliding manner with the support 18 without frictional resistance. It

The weight 7 is provided integrally with the lower end of the spring holder 20, and the weight 7 is placed on the weight holder 5 of the support 6. In addition, the detection unit 11b, rack and pinion 1
2, motor 13, detectors 14, 15, solenoid stopper 16a,
16b and the timer 17 are substantially the same as the configuration of the embodiment (1).

 Next, the specific operation will be described.

With the solenoid stoppers 16a, 16b released, the support 6 and the spring holder 20 are lowered by the motor 13 via the rack and pinion 12, and the needle 2 is brought into contact with the surface of the sample 19.

At this time, since the rod-shaped body 1 is attached to the upper part of the spring holder 20 via the spring 21, the spring 21 extends by the load of the rod-shaped body 1 and comes into contact with the surface of the sample 19.

In this state, the weight 7 is not placed on the needle holder 3 and the spring 21 is connected to the upper part of the rod-shaped body 1, so that the surface of the sample 19 is not loaded on the needle 2. And the tip of the needle 2 can be brought into contact with each other, and moreover, the detection unit 11
Since a moves abruptly, the movement at that time is detected by the detector 14, and at the same time, the rod 1 is moved to the solenoid stoppers 16a, 1
Fix with 6b.

Referring to FIG. 4, after the rod-shaped body 1 is fixed by the stoppers 16a and 16b, a predetermined amount of load (including the spring holder 20,
In order to place the spring holder 20 integrated with the “weight” 7 adjusted to be (not shown) on the needle holder 3 which is a part of the rod-shaped body 1, the weight holder 5 provided on the support body 6 is attached. , The weight 7 and the weight holder 5 are lowered until they are separated from each other. In this case, since the rod-shaped body 1 is fixed by the solenoid stoppers 16a and 16b, the spring 21 contracts by the distance from the bottom of the weight 7 to the upper surface of the needle holder 3 in FIG.

Next, referring to FIG. 5, solenoid stoppers 16a, 1
After releasing 6b, the needle 2 loaded with the specified load is inserted into the sample 19, and after the time preset by the timer 17 elapses,
Again, the rod-shaped body 1 is fixed in that state by the solenoid stoppers 16a and 16b. At this time, the detector 15 causes the needle 2 to move the sample while the solenoid stoppers 16a and 16b are opened and fixed.
By detecting the positions before and after the needle 19 is inserted, and calculating the difference between the positions, the degree of penetration into the sample 19 can be obtained.

After measuring the penetration, by raising the support 6,
It is possible to pull out the needle 2 from the sample 19 by placing the weight 7 on the weight holder 5 provided on the support 6 and further bringing the weight 7 into contact with the weight stopper 4 of the rod-shaped body 1 and raising it. it can.

With the above configuration, it is possible to provide an automatic needle penetration measuring device in which the weight, the spring and the needle are configured as a compact unit.

Using the automatic penetration measuring device based on the above two examples, a penetration test of asphalt was conducted according to the procedure shown in JIS-K-2207. The sample is JIS-K-2
Use the specified sample container as instructed in 207 and
The sample container was transferred into a constant temperature water bath maintained at ± 0.1 ° C, and a needle was inserted into the sample.

 The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 3 shows the measurement results when the same sample was tested a plurality of times.

[Effects of the Invention] The automatic penetration measuring device according to the present invention balances the weight of the rod-shaped body when the sample surface and the needle come into contact with each other, and is in a state in which the weight is not loaded, and is extremely sensitive. Since it can be carried out by using the sensing means, the contact can be surely stopped without inserting the needle into the sample.

General-purpose detectors, motors, etc. used to measure the needle contact with the sample surface and the needle insertion distance can be used, and the needle insertion time can be adjusted accurately with no individual differences. The configuration is simple, the device itself can be downsized, and the needle insertion distance can be obtained accurately and with good reproducibility by a simple means, and a device with high industrial value can be obtained. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are configuration diagrams showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state where the needle is in contact with the sample surface,
The figure shows the state when the needle is inserted into the sample. FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 are cross-sectional views of an apparatus showing another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the needle is in contact with the sample surface. The figure shows a state where the needle is in contact with the sample surface and the weight is placed on the needle holder, and FIG. 5 shows the state when the needle is inserted into the sample surface. . DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rod, 2 ... Needle, 3 ... Needle holder, 4 ... Weight stop, 5 ... Weight holder, 6 ... Support, 7 ... Weight, 8 ... Support point, 9 ... Balance bar, 10 ... Adjustment weight, 11a, b ... Detection part, 12 ... Rack and pinion, 13 ... Motor, 14, 15 ... Detector, 16a, 16b ... Solenoid stopper 17 ... … Timer, 18 …… Stick holder, 19 …… Sample, 20 …… Spring holder, 21 …… Spring.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A needle for measuring the degree of penetration, a rod-shaped body provided with a needle holder and a weight stopper, one end of the balance rod and an upper end of the rod-shaped body are connected and hung downwardly, and the other end of the balance rod is attached to it. A fulcrum capable of receiving a balance bar in which a balance weight is installed by installing a balanced weight, a vertically movable support, a weight holder provided on the support, and a weight holder placed on the weight holder, A weight for loading the needle holder of the rod-shaped body, a non-contact type detector for detecting the displacement amount of the rod-shaped body, a stopper for fixing or releasing the vertical movement of the rod-shaped body, and an opening time of the rod-shaped body are controlled. An automatic needle penetration measuring device, which comprises a timer. 2. A needle for measuring the degree of penetration, a rod-shaped body provided with a holder for the needle and a weight stopper, and the upper end of the rod-shaped body is connected to a free end of a spring and hung down.
A spring holder that holds a spring and a rod-shaped body, a guide portion that supports the spring holder so as to be slidable in the longitudinal axis direction without frictional resistance, a weight holder, and the weight holder, which is placed on the weight holder, for loading the needle holder. A vertically movable support body including a weight, a spring holder supported by a guide portion so that the lower end of the rod is brought into contact with the weight, a non-contact type detector that detects the displacement amount of the rod-shaped body, and the vertical movement of the rod-shaped body is fixed. Alternatively, an automatic needle penetration measuring device comprising a stopper that opens and a timer that controls the opening time of the rod-shaped body.