JPH08226317A - Exhaust purifier for engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To delay the clogging of an exhaust purifying filter, prolong the life of an exhaust purifier, and facilitate the reproduction of the purifying filter. CONSTITUTION: An exhaust purifier 2 is provided on the exhaust path 1 of an engine, and a purifying filter 3 is stored in the exhaust purifier 2. The exhaust purifier 2 and purifying filter 3 are formed into a cylindrical shape respectively, a primary chamber 7 is formed between the outer periphery of the purifying filter 3 and the inner face of the peripheral wall 6 of the exhaust purifier 2, and a secondary chamber 8 is formed on the inside of the purifying filter 3 respectively. An exhaust inlet 4 is opened on the peripheral wall 6 of the exhaust purifier 2, and the exhaust path 1 is connected to the exhaust inlet 4 from the diagonally tangential direction. The exhaust 10 guided into the primary chamber 7 is spirally swirled around the purifying filter 3, and it flows into the secondary chamber 8 through the purifying filter 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an engine, which mainly removes particulate matter in the exhaust gas, which can extend the life of the purification filter due to clogging and facilitate regeneration of the purification filter. provide.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Recently, from the viewpoint of preventing environmental pollution, an exhaust gas purifier is attached to the exhaust passage of an engine to reduce the amount of H in the exhaust gas.
It is required to remove C, CO, NOx, etc.

Of these, the present invention is directed to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an engine, which mainly removes particulate matter mainly containing HC and sulfur, and its basic structure is, for example, as shown in FIG. An exhaust gas purifier (2) is provided in the exhaust passage (1) of the engine (E), and a purification filter (3) is provided in the exhaust gas purifier (2).
And the exhaust inlet (4) of the exhaust purifier (2) communicates with the exhaust outlet (5) through the purification filter (3). It is a form in which the curate can be removed.

[0004]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique of this type, as shown in FIG. 9, the purification filter is constituted by a honeycomb-shaped ceramic filter (53).
The exhaust inlet (4) side and the exhaust outlet (5) side of the exhaust flow passage (54 ...) Formed in 3) are alternately closed, and the exhaust (10) is connected to the exhaust inlet (4).
From the exhaust flow passages (54 ...) to the exhaust outlet (5) through the porous partition walls (55), and the particulates can be captured by the porous partition walls (55).

[0005]

In the above-mentioned prior art, when the exhaust gas (10) passes through the porous partition wall (55) of the ceramic filter (53), the particulate matter adheres to the partition wall and the partition wall.
Although the (55) is clogged, the exhaust (10) flows straight through the exhaust inlet (4) opened in the center of the front wall and passes through the ceramics filter (53). Particulate is a purification filter that is a ceramics filter
It is trapped intensively in the central part of the upstream part of (53).

As a result, the purification filter has a problem that the upstream side portion near the center thereof is clogged early, and the life of the exhaust purification device is shortened, and the trapped particulate matter is burned. Even when the cleaning filter is removed and the purification filter is regenerated, there is a problem that it is not easy because the amount of captured particulates varies depending on the portion of the purification filter.

Therefore, it may be considered to swirl when introducing the exhaust gas (10) into the exhaust gas inlet (4), for example, as shown in FIG. 6, so as to supplement the particulates also in the peripheral portion of the purification filter. That is, in this idea technique 1, the exhaust inlet (4) is opened in the peripheral wall (62) of the exhaust gas purifier (61), and the exhaust passage (1) is tangentially connected to the exhaust inlet (4), The exhaust gas (10) introduced into the exhaust gas purifier (61) is a purification filter (63).
The particles rotate with a large mass and are pushed to the side of the peripheral wall (62) by centrifugal force. Reference numeral (64) indicates a safety valve for preventing the exhaust pressure from rising excessively.

[0008] In this idea technique 1, since a large amount of particulates such as carbon is captured in the peripheral portion of the purification filter (63), the purification filter (63) is heated from the surroundings to burn the particulates. Purification filter (6
Although there is an advantage that 3) can be easily regenerated, a large amount of the particulate matter is captured in the upstream side portion of the purification filter (63), so that there is a possibility that clogging may occur early in this upstream side portion.

It is also conceivable to remove the particulates from the exhaust before passing through the purification filter.
For example, in the idea technique 2 shown in FIG. 7, the exhaust passage (1) is made to rush into the upstream side of the exhaust gas purifier (71), and the spiral blade (72) is attached inside the exhaust passage (1). With exhaust gas purifier
A large number of permeation holes (7
4) is opened, and the cylindrical trapping filter (75) is arranged so as to surround the exhaust passage (73) that has been made to enter, while the purifying filter (76) is provided on the downstream side of the exhaust purifier (71). It is housed.
In addition, in the idea technique 2, the trapping filter (75) is composed of a three-layer metal filter having finer openings toward the outside.

In the idea technique 2, the exhaust gas (10) introduced into the exhaust gas purifier (71) spirally swirls in the exhaust passage (1), and the centrifugal force causes the particulates to pass through the permeation hole (74). As it is discharged from the cleaning filter (75).
There is an advantage that the clogging in 6) can be delayed and the life of the exhaust emission control device can be extended. However, with this conception technique 2,
In the exhaust gas purifier (71), capture filter (75) and purification filter (7
6) and must be placed before and after, there is a problem that the device becomes large, and much particulate matter that cannot be captured by the capture filter (75) is captured in the upstream side of the purification filter (76). Therefore, there is a possibility that clogging may occur early in the upstream side portion.

An object of the present invention is to delay the clogging of particulates in the purification filter, extend the life of the exhaust purification device, and facilitate regeneration of the purification filter.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an exhaust gas purifier (2) in the above basic structure.
And the purification filter (3) are each formed into a cylindrical shape, and the primary chamber (7) is purified between the outer peripheral surface of the purification filter (3) and the inner wall (6) of the exhaust purifier (2). 2 inside the filter (3)
Forming the next chamber (8) respectively, the peripheral wall (6) of the exhaust gas purifier (2)
The exhaust inlet (4) is opened to the exhaust inlet (4) and the exhaust passage (1) is connected obliquely tangentially to the primary chamber (7).
The exhaust gas (10) introduced into the secondary chamber is spirally swirled around the purification filter (3), passes through the purification filter (3), and passes through the secondary chamber.
It is characterized in that it can flow into (8).

[0013]

The exhaust gas introduced from the exhaust gas inlet into the primary chamber swirls around the purification filter in a spiral shape, so that it is uniformly dispersed over the entire length of the purification filter. When the uniformly dispersed exhaust gas passes through the purification filter and flows into the secondary chamber, the particulates in the exhaust gas are captured on the outer surface side portion of the purification filter. At this time, if the purification filter is formed in multiple layers and the outer filter is coarser and the inner filter is finer, the larger particles are the outer particles and the smaller particles are. Particulates in the exhaust gas, which are respectively captured by the inner filters, are evenly captured in the radial direction of the purification filter.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an engine, and FIG. 2 is A- of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A, FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of the entire exhaust gas purification apparatus for a vertical diesel engine, and FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, a muffler (12) is attached to an exhaust pipe (1) in an exhaust manifold (11) of a vertical diesel engine (E).
3) is connected to form an exhaust path (1), the exhaust pipe (13) is provided with an exhaust gas purifier (2), and the exhaust gas purifier (2) accommodates a purification filter (3), The purification filter (3) is configured to remove the particulates in the exhaust gas (10).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the exhaust purifier (2) and the purification filter (3) are each formed in a cylindrical shape, and the outer peripheral surface of the purification filter (3) and the exhaust gas are exhausted. The primary chamber (7) is formed between the inner surface of the peripheral wall (6) of the purifier (2),
A secondary chamber (8) is formed inside the purification filter (3).

An exhaust gas inlet (4) is opened near one end of the peripheral wall (6) of the exhaust gas purifier (2), and the exhaust gas passage (1) is connected to the exhaust gas inlet (6) from an oblique tangential direction. There is. On the other hand, a filter support wall (9) is fixed to the other end of the exhaust gas purifier (2), and an exhaust outlet (5) is opened at the center of this filter support wall (9).

The purification filter (3) is composed of three layers of cylindrical filters (14, 15, 16) arranged concentrically, one end of which is closed and the other end of which is the filter support wall (9). Fixed to
The exhaust outlet (5) faces the secondary chamber (8) in the purification filter (3). In each of the above cylindrical filters (14, 15, 16), the inner layer has finer meshes and the outer layer has coarser meshes.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, each cylindrical filter
(14 ・ 15 ・ 16) are inner / outer cores (18 ・ 19) alternately arranged through the intermediate filter (17) and inner filter (20) arranged inside the inner core (18). And an outer filter (21) arranged outside the outer core (19), and each filter (17, 20, 21) is an outer filter (21), an intermediate filter (20), an inner filter (17).
The eyes are getting smaller in order.

Next, the function of the exhaust purification system of this embodiment will be described. Exhaust from the exhaust manifold (11) (10)
Flows from the exhaust inlet (4) into the primary chamber (7) of the exhaust purification device (2), and spirals around the purification filter (3) in a spiral shape to be uniform over the entire length of the purification filter (3). Disperse into. This uniformly dispersed exhaust (10) is purified from the primary chamber (7) by a filter.
After passing through (3) and flowing into the secondary chamber (8), the exhaust outlet
It is discharged from (5) to the muffler (12).

At this time, since the exhaust gas (10) passing through the purification filter (3) is uniformly dispersed in the primary chamber (7) around the entire periphery of the purification filter (3), it is included in the exhaust gas (10). The particulates that were present are uniformly captured over the entire length of the purification filter (3). In addition, each cylindrical filter (14, 15 and 16) has coarser mesh on the outside and finer mesh on the inside, so the outer filter
Larger particle particulates are captured at (14) and smaller particle particulates are captured at the inner filter (16). As a result, the particulates are evenly captured in the radial direction of the purification filter (3).

When the amount of trapped particulates increases and the purification filter (3) becomes clogged, these particulates are burned and regenerated. That is, as shown in phantom lines in FIGS. 3 and 4, each cylindrical filter (14, 15, 16)
There is a heating wire (22) on the outside of the heating wire (22).
The purification filter (3) is heated by energizing it to heat the purification filter (3) to burn the clogged particulates,
(3) can be reproduced.

FIG. 5 is a modification showing another method of regenerating the purification filter. In this modified example, the exhaust gas purifier (2) is configured to be attachable to and detachable from the exhaust passage (1), and the four exhaust gas purifiers (2) are fixed to the rotation support base (23) as one set. There is.
Exhaust gas (10) from the engine has the particulate matter removed by the exhaust gas purifier (2) as in the above embodiment, and the muffler (12).
Sent to. When the amount of trapped particulates becomes large and the purification filter (3) becomes clogged, the rotary support (23) is rotated to remove the exhaust purifier (2) from the exhaust passage (1) and to purify the exhaust gas that has been regenerated. Attach the container (2) to the exhaust passage (1).

A burner (24) is arranged in the center of the rotary support table (23), and the exhaust gas purifier (2) clogged by the rotation of the rotary support table (23) is regenerated in front of the burner (24). Sent to the location. At this regeneration position, the exhaust gas purifier (2) is at the exhaust outlet
The hot air passage (25) is connected to (5), and hot air (26) from the burner is blown into the inside. As a result, the purification filter (3)
The particulates trapped on the outer surface of the exhaust gas are blown out from the exhaust inlet (4) while burning, and the purification filter (3)
Is played.

[0025]

Since the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, it has the following effects. (A) Since the exhaust gas introduced into the primary chamber passes through the purification filter while being uniformly dispersed over the entire length of the purification filter, the particulate matter is concentrated on a part of the purification filter as in the prior art and the particulate matter is collected. Without catching,
It is possible to delay the clogging of the particulates in the purification filter and extend the life of the exhaust purification device.

(B) Since the particulates are captured on the outer surface side of the purification filter, the captured particulates can be easily burned by heating from the outside of the purification filter, and the purification filter can be easily regenerated. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an exhaust emission control device.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram of an entire exhaust emission control device for a vertical diesel engine.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the purification filter.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a modification of the purification filter regeneration method.

6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 showing idea generation technique 1. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 showing idea generation technique 2.

FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Exhaust passage, 2 ... Exhaust gas purifier, 3 ... Purification filter, 4 ...
Exhaust inlet, 5 ... Exhaust outlet, 6 ... Exhaust gas purifier (2) peripheral wall,
7 ... Primary chamber, 8 ... Secondary chamber, 10 ... Exhaust, E ... Engine.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An exhaust purifier in an exhaust passage (1) of an engine (E)
(2) is provided, the purification filter (3) is housed in the exhaust purification device (2), and the exhaust inlet (4) of the exhaust purification device (2) is connected to the exhaust outlet (5).
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an engine configured to communicate with the exhaust gas through the purifying filter (3) so that particulates in the exhaust gas (10) can be removed by the purifying filter (3). The purifying filter (3) and the purifying filter (3) are each formed in a cylindrical shape, and the primary chamber (7) is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the purifying filter (3) and the inner surface of the peripheral wall (6) of the exhaust purifier (2). Each of the secondary chambers (8) is formed inside (3), the exhaust inlet (4) is opened in the peripheral wall (6) of the exhaust purifier (2), and the exhaust passage (4) is formed in the exhaust inlet (4). The exhaust gas (10) introduced into the above primary chamber (7) is connected to the slanted tangential direction of 1) and the purification filter (3)
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an engine, characterized in that the exhaust gas purifying apparatus is configured so as to be spirally swirled around the periphery of the engine, and can pass through the purifying filter (3) to flow into the secondary chamber (8).