JPH08222784A - Optical fiber amplifier - Google Patents
Optical fiber amplifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08222784A JPH08222784A JP7025071A JP2507195A JPH08222784A JP H08222784 A JPH08222784 A JP H08222784A JP 7025071 A JP7025071 A JP 7025071A JP 2507195 A JP2507195 A JP 2507195A JP H08222784 A JPH08222784 A JP H08222784A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- fiber
- optical
- amplifier
- fiber amplifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/04—Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions
- C03C13/041—Non-oxide glass compositions
- C03C13/042—Fluoride glass compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/32—Non-oxide glass compositions, e.g. binary or ternary halides, sulfides or nitrides of germanium, selenium or tellurium
- C03C3/325—Fluoride glasses
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、光通信等で用いられる
光ファイバ増幅器に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical fiber amplifier used in optical communication and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】Ｅｒを活性イオンとした１．５μｍの光
を増幅する光ファイバ増幅器は、光通信システムのキー
デバイスである。Ｅｒのエネルギー準位図を図１に示
す。１．５μｍ帯の増幅に関しては、 4Ｉ13/2→ 4Ｉ
15/2の誘導放出が利用され、励起には１．４８μｍおよ
び０．９８μｍの光が使われる場合が多いが、０．９８
μｍの光を励起光に用いた場合は、１．４８μｍの励起
の場合に比べて、低雑音な光ファイバ増幅器が実現され
ることが分かっている。この増幅器には、一般に石英ガ
ラスをベースにした光ファイバを用いたものが主流であ
った。これに対し、最近フッ化ガラスをベースとした光
ファイバを用いた光ファイバ増幅器が着目されている。
これは増幅帯域が広く、かつ特に光通信に重要な１．５
５〜１．５６μｍの範囲で利得が一定になるためであ
る。2. Description of the Related Art An optical fiber amplifier for amplifying light of 1.5 μm containing Er as an active ion is a key device of an optical communication system. The energy level diagram of Er is shown in FIG. For amplification of 1.5 μm band, 4 I 13/2 → 4 I
Stimulated emission of 15/2 is used and light of 1.48 μm and 0.98 μm is often used for excitation.
It is known that when the light of μm is used as the pumping light, an optical fiber amplifier with low noise is realized as compared with the case of pumping the light of 1.48 μm. The mainstream of this amplifier is generally an optical fiber based on silica glass. On the other hand, attention has recently been paid to an optical fiber amplifier using an optical fiber based on fluoride glass.
This has a wide amplification band and is particularly important for optical communication.
This is because the gain becomes constant in the range of 5 to 1.56 μm.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】石英ファイバを用いた
Ｅｒ添加光ファイバ増幅器においては、多音子放出率が
高いために 4Ｉ11/2準位の蛍光寿命が短く０．９８μｍ
帯励起による、高効率励起が可能となる。しかしなが
ら、フッ化物ガラス等の多音子放出率の低いガラスを用
いたファイバ増幅器において０．９８μｍ励起を行った
場合、励起準位である 4Ｉ11/2準位の寿命が長く励起さ
れたイオンの密度が高くなるため、さらに上の準位への
励起準位吸収が大きくなる。このため光ファイバ増幅器
の効率は悪く、低雑音な光ファイバ増幅器が実現できな
い。現状では１．４８μｍ励起の、広帯域ではあるが高
雑音な光ファイバ増幅器が実現しているにとどまってい
る。In the Er-doped optical fiber amplifier using the quartz fiber, the fluorescence lifetime of the 4 I 11/2 level is short because of the high multitonic emission rate, and 0.98 μm.
High-efficiency excitation becomes possible by band excitation. However, when 0.98 μm excitation is performed in a fiber amplifier using a glass having a low multiphonon emission rate such as a fluoride glass, the ions that have been excited for a long lifetime of 4 I 11/2 level, which is an excitation level The higher the density of, the higher the excited level absorption to the higher level. For this reason, the efficiency of the optical fiber amplifier is poor, and an optical fiber amplifier with low noise cannot be realized. At present, only a broadband but high noise optical fiber amplifier with 1.48 μm pumping is realized.
【０００４】本発明の目的は、フッ化物ファイバ等の多
音子放出率の低いガラスを用いたＥｒ添加１．５μｍ帯
光ファイバ増幅器において、０．９８μｍ励起を可能と
することによる、広帯域低雑音な光ファイバ増幅器を提
供することにある。An object of the present invention is to enable 0.98 μm pumping in an Er-doped 1.5 μm band optical fiber amplifier using a glass with a low multiphonon emission rate such as a fluoride fiber, thereby achieving wide band low noise. To provide a simple optical fiber amplifier.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明においては前記の
目的を達成するために、励起光源、光合分波素子、増幅
用光ファイバおよび光アイソレータ等を備えた光ファイ
バ増幅器において、増幅用光ファイバとして、少なくと
もそのコアにＴｂ，Ｅｕ，Ｄｙの内から１種類以上のイ
オンと、Ｅｒを共添加したファイバを用いる。In the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, an optical fiber amplifier including a pumping light source, an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, an optical fiber for amplification, an optical isolator, and the like is provided. As the fiber, a fiber in which at least one of Tb, Eu, and Dy is co-doped with Er is used as the core.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】０．９８μｍの光による励起を可能とするため
には、Ｅｒ励起準位 4Ｉ11/2の蛍光寿命を短寿命化し、
励起光の励起準位吸収を抑える必要がある。上記のＴ
ｂ，Ｅｕ，Ｄｙのイオンは、それぞれ図２〜図４に示し
たように２．７〜２．８μｍの光吸収をもつ。エネルギ
ーギャップの大きさａ（ｃｍ-1）と吸収する光の波長λ
（μｍ）には、λ＝（１／ａ）×１０4 の関係があるの
で、これらのイオンは規定準位からのエネルギーギャッ
プが３５７０〜３７００ｃｍ-1となる準位を持つことが
わかる。このエネルギーギャップはＥｒの 4Ｉ11/2− 4
Ｉ13/2のエネルギーギャップにほぼ相当する。このため
Ｔｂ，Ｅｕ，ＤｙのイオンとＥｒを共添加することによ
り、これらのイオンとＥｒの 4Ｉ11/2− 4Ｉ13/2間で図
５（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すクロス緩和が起こり、 4Ｉ11/2
準位に励起されたＥｒは高速に4Ｉ13/2に励起された状
態に変化することになり（すなわち 4Ｉ11/2の蛍光寿命
が短くなり）、１．５μｍ帯増幅の効率を増すことにな
る。またＴｂ，Ｅｕ，Ｄｙのイオンは図２〜図４に示す
ように１．５μｍ帯の光に対して吸収を持たないため、
Ｅｒの増幅の効率を落とすことはないことも重要な点で
ある。[Function] In order to enable excitation by 0.98 μm light, the fluorescence lifetime of the Er excitation level 4 I 11/2 is shortened,
It is necessary to suppress the excitation level absorption of the excitation light. T above
The ions of b, Eu, and Dy have light absorptions of 2.7 to 2.8 μm as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, respectively. Energy gap size a (cm -1 ) and wavelength of absorbed light λ
Since (μm) has a relation of λ = (1 / a) × 10 4 , it is understood that these ions have a level at which the energy gap from the specified level is 3570 to 3700 cm −1 . This energy gap is 4 I 11/2 − 4 of Er.
It is almost equivalent to the energy gap of I 13/2 . Therefore Tb, Eu, by co-addition of ions and Er of Dy, these ions and 4 I of Er 11/2 - 4 I cross relaxation shown in FIG. 5 (a) ~ (c) between 13/2 Happened , 4 I 11/2
Er excited to a level will change into a state excited to 4 I 13/2 at a high speed (that is, the fluorescence lifetime of 4 I 11/2 will be shortened), and the efficiency of 1.5 μm band amplification will be increased. It will be. In addition, Tb, Eu, and Dy ions do not absorb light in the 1.5 μm band as shown in FIGS.
It is also important that the efficiency of Er amplification is not reduced.
【０００７】以上のように、ＥｒとＴｂ，Ｅｕ，Ｄｙの
内の少なくとも１種類のイオンを共添加することによ
り、フッ化物ファイバのような多音子放出率の低いホス
トガラス中においてもＥｒの 4Ｉ11/2準位の蛍光寿命は
短くなり、高効率な０．９８μｍの光による励起が可能
となる。この結果、広帯域の光ファイバ増幅器の実現が
可能となる。As described above, by co-doping Er and at least one kind of ions among Tb, Eu, and Dy, even in a host glass having a low multiphonon emission rate such as a fluoride fiber, Er is not added. The fluorescence lifetime of the 4 I 11/2 level is shortened, and highly efficient excitation with 0.98 μm light becomes possible. As a result, a broadband optical fiber amplifier can be realized.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施例を詳細
に説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
【０００９】［実施例１］コアにＥｒを０．１ｗｔ％、
Ｔｂを１ｗｔ％添加したフッ化物ファイバを用いた。ガ
ラス組成はコアが５６ＺｒＦ4 −１４ＢａＦ2 −３．５
ＬａＦ3 −２ＹＦ3 −７ＡｌＦ3 −２．５ＬｉＦ−１５
ＰｂＦ2 であり、クラッドが４７．５ＺｒＦ4 −２３．
５ＢａＦ2 −２．５ＬａＦ3 −２ＹＦ3 −４．５ＡｌＦ
3 −２０ＮａＦであった。このファイバの比屈折率差は
１．５％、カットオフ波長は０．９５μｍであった。フ
ァイバ長を１０ｍとした。[Example 1] 0.1 wt% Er was added to the core,
A fluoride fiber added with 1 wt% of Tb was used. The glass composition has a core of 56ZrF 4 -14BaF 2 -3.5.
LaF 3 -2YF 3 -7AlF 3 -2.5LiF- 15
It is a PbF 2, clad 47.5ZrF 4 -23.
5BaF 2 -2.5LaF 3 -2YF 3 -4.5AlF
Was 3 -20NaF. The relative refractive index difference of this fiber was 1.5%, and the cutoff wavelength was 0.95 μm. The fiber length was 10 m.
【００１０】光ファイバ増幅器の構成図を図６に示す。
光ファイバ増幅器は前述のフッ化物ファイバ１、０．９
８μｍ帯の半導体ＬＤ（レーザダイオード）と光ファイ
バをレンズで結合させた半導体ＬＤピグテールモジュー
ル２（レーザ出力１００ｍＷ）、０．９８μｍの光と
１．５５μｍ帯の光を合波させるためのファイバカップ
ラ（例えば波長分割多重（ＷＤＭ）ファイバカップラ）
３、光アイソレータ４からなる。一般の光ファイバとフ
ッ化物ファイバ間の接続損失を小さくするために、ファ
イバカップラの合波ポートおよび光アイソレータの入射
側には比屈折率差１．５％、カットオフ波長０．９５μ
ｍの高比屈折率差石英光ファイバ５が融着されている。
この融着点はマイクロバーナであぶって、接続損失を低
くしてある。光ファイバ５とフッ化物ファイバ１の接続
点にはＶ溝ブロックが紫外線硬化接着剤で取り付けてあ
り、このＶ溝ブロックを紫外線硬化接着剤で取り付ける
ことにより接続を行っている。A block diagram of the optical fiber amplifier is shown in FIG.
The optical fiber amplifier is the above-mentioned fluoride fiber 1, 0.9
A semiconductor LD pigtail module 2 (laser output 100 mW) in which a semiconductor LD (laser diode) in the 8 μm band and an optical fiber are coupled by a lens, a fiber coupler for combining 0.98 μm light and 1.55 μm band light ( For example, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) fiber coupler)
3 and an optical isolator 4. In order to reduce the connection loss between a general optical fiber and a fluoride fiber, the relative refractive index difference is 1.5% and the cutoff wavelength is 0.95μ on the combining port of the fiber coupler and the incident side of the optical isolator
The high relative refractive index difference quartz optical fiber 5 of m is fused.
This fusion point is made by a micro burner to reduce splice loss. At the connection point between the optical fiber 5 and the fluoride fiber 1, a V groove block is attached with an ultraviolet curing adhesive, and this V groove block is attached with an ultraviolet curing adhesive to make the connection.
【００１１】図７には小信号利得特性、図８には利得ス
ペクトル、図９には雑音指数特性を示す。図７に見られ
るように、０．９８μｍの光１００ｍＷで励起した場
合、信号光波長１．５５μｍにおいて３８ｄＢの利得を
達成した。また図８に示すとおり、励起光強度１００ｍ
Ｗの場合、１．５５から１．５６μｍの範囲で利得は全
く一定となった。図９に示すとおり雑音指数は小信号領
域で３．６ｄＢであった。FIG. 7 shows the small signal gain characteristic, FIG. 8 shows the gain spectrum, and FIG. 9 shows the noise figure characteristic. As seen in FIG. 7, when pumping with 0.98 μm light of 100 mW, a gain of 38 dB was achieved at a signal light wavelength of 1.55 μm. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 8, the excitation light intensity is 100 m.
In the case of W, the gain was quite constant in the range of 1.55 to 1.56 μm. As shown in FIG. 9, the noise figure was 3.6 dB in the small signal region.
【００１２】［比較例］比較例には実施例１と同じ組成
のファイバをもちい、そのコアにはＥｒが０．１ｗｔ
％、単独で添加してある。光ファイバ増幅器の構成も実
施例１と同じとした。図１０には小信号利得特性を示
す。小信号利得増加の度合いは励起光の増加にともない
急速に減少し、１００ｍＷ励起でも１２ｄＢの利得を得
るにすぎない。このことより、ＥｒにＴｂを添加するこ
との有効性が示された。[Comparative Example] In the comparative example, a fiber having the same composition as in Example 1 was used, and the core thereof contained 0.1 wt% Er.
%, Added alone. The configuration of the optical fiber amplifier is the same as that of the first embodiment. FIG. 10 shows the small signal gain characteristic. The degree of increase in small signal gain decreases rapidly with increase in pump light, and a gain of 12 dB is obtained even with 100 mW pump. From this, the effectiveness of adding Tb to Er was shown.
【００１３】［実施例２］実施例２にはコアにＥｒを
０．１ｗ％、Ｅｕを１．５ｗ％添加したファイバを用い
た。ファイバ組成、増幅器の構成は実施例１と同じとし
た。[Example 2] In Example 2, a fiber having 0.1% by weight of Er and 1.5% by weight of Eu added to the core was used. The fiber composition and the amplifier configuration were the same as in Example 1.
【００１４】この増幅器の増幅特性は実施例１の場合と
ほぼ同じ傾向を示し、１００ｍＷ励起で３５ｄＢ、１．
５５〜１．５６μｍの範囲でほぼ一定の利得、雑音指数
は小信号領域で３．７ｄＢを達成した。The amplification characteristic of this amplifier shows almost the same tendency as in the case of the first embodiment, and is 35 dB, 1.
In the range of 55 to 1.56 μm, almost constant gain and noise figure of 3.7 dB were achieved in the small signal region.
【００１５】［実施例３］実施例３にはコアにＥｒを
０．１ｗ％、Ｄｙを１．２ｗ％添加したファイバを用い
た。ファイバ組成、増幅器の構成は実施例１と同じとし
た。[Example 3] In Example 3, a fiber having 0.1% by weight of Er and 1.2% by weight of Dy added to the core was used. The fiber composition and the amplifier configuration were the same as in Example 1.
【００１６】この増幅器の増幅特性は実施例１の場合と
ほぼ同じ傾向を示し、１００ｍＷ励起で２８ｄＢ、１．
５５〜１．５６μｍの範囲でほぼ一定の利得、雑音指数
は小信号領域で４．０ｄＢを達成した。The amplification characteristic of this amplifier shows almost the same tendency as in the case of the first embodiment, and it is 28 dB at 100 mW excitation and 1.
In the range of 55 to 1.56 μm, almost constant gain and noise figure of 4.0 dB were achieved in the small signal region.
【００１７】通常、Ｅｒは単独では０．０５〜０．５ｗ
ｔ％の範囲で添加され、特に０．１ｗｔ％前後の添加量
が好ましく用いられている。Ｔｂ，ＥｕおよびＤｙはＥ
ｒとの共添加に際して０．０１ｗｔ％の添加で効果を奏
するが、０．３ｗｔ％を超えると光ファイバの光学的性
質を劣化させるので好ましくない。Usually, Er alone is 0.05 to 0.5 w.
It is added in the range of t%, and an addition amount of about 0.1 wt% is preferably used. Tb, Eu and Dy are E
When co-added with r, 0.01 wt% is effective, but if it exceeds 0.3 wt%, the optical properties of the optical fiber are deteriorated, which is not preferable.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上示して来たように、本発明によれ
ば、光ファイバの少なくともコアに、ＥｒとＴｂ，Ｅ
ｕ，Ｄｙの内の少なくとも１種類のイオンを共添加する
ことにより、フッ化物ファイバのような多音子放出率の
低いホストガラス中においてもＥｒの 4Ｉ11/2準位の蛍
光寿命は短くなり、高効率な０．９８μｍの光による励
起が可能となる。この結果、広帯域の光ファイバ増幅器
の実現が可能となる。As described above, according to the present invention, Er, Tb, and E are provided in at least the core of the optical fiber.
By co-doping with at least one of u and Dy, the fluorescence lifetime of Er 4 I 11/2 level is shortened even in a host glass with low multiphonon emission rate such as fluoride fiber. Therefore, highly efficient excitation with 0.98 μm light becomes possible. As a result, a broadband optical fiber amplifier can be realized.
【図１】Ｅｒのエネルギー準位を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing energy levels of Er.
【図２】Ｔｂの吸収特性を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing absorption characteristics of Tb.
【図３】Ｅｕの吸収特性を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing absorption characteristics of Eu.
【図４】Ｄｙの吸収特性を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing absorption characteristics of Dy.
【図５】Ｔｂ，Ｅｕ，Ｄｙのエネルギー準位図とＥｒと
のクロス緩和を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing energy level diagrams of Tb, Eu, and Dy and cross relaxation of Er.
【図６】光ファイバ増幅器の構成を示す模式図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an optical fiber amplifier.
【図７】Ｅｒ−Ｔｂ添加光ファイバ増幅器の小信号利得
特性を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a small signal gain characteristic of an Er-Tb-doped optical fiber amplifier.
【図８】Ｅｒ−Ｔｂ添加光ファイバ増幅器の利得スペク
トル図である。FIG. 8 is a gain spectrum diagram of an Er-Tb-doped optical fiber amplifier.
【図９】Ｅｒ−Ｔｂ添加光ファイバ増幅器の雑音特性を
示す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing noise characteristics of an Er-Tb-doped optical fiber amplifier.
【図１０】Ｅｒ単独添加光ファイバ増幅器の小信号利得
特性を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a small signal gain characteristic of an Er-only doped optical fiber amplifier.
１ 光増幅用フッ化物ファイバ ２ 半導体ＬＤピグテールモジュール ３ ０．９８／１．５５μｍファイバカップラ ４ 光アイソレータ ５ 高比屈折率差石英ファイバ 1 Fluoride fiber for optical amplification 2 Semiconductor LD pigtail module 3 0.98 / 1.55 μm fiber coupler 4 Optical isolator 5 High relative refractive index difference quartz fiber
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 金森 照寿 東京都千代田区内幸町１丁目１番６号 日 本電信電話株式会社内 (72)発明者 須藤 昭一 東京都千代田区内幸町１丁目１番６号 日 本電信電話株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Teruhisa Kanamori 1-1-6 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (72) Shoichi Sudo 1-1-6 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. Japan Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
Claims (1)
用光ファイバおよび光アイソレータを備えた光ファイバ
増幅器において、前記増幅用光ファイバが、少なくとも
そのコアにテルビウム，ユーロピウム，ジスプロシウム
の内から１種類以上のイオンと、エルビウムが共添加さ
れた光ファイバであることを特徴とする光ファイバ増幅
器。1. An optical fiber amplifier including at least a pumping light source, an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, an amplification optical fiber and an optical isolator, wherein the amplification optical fiber has at least one of terbium, europium and dysprosium at its core. An optical fiber amplifier characterized by being an optical fiber in which more than one kind of ions and erbium are co-doped.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02507195A JP3317321B2 (en) | 1995-02-14 | 1995-02-14 | Optical fiber amplifier and method of using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02507195A JP3317321B2 (en) | 1995-02-14 | 1995-02-14 | Optical fiber amplifier and method of using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08222784A true JPH08222784A (en) | 1996-08-30 |
| JP3317321B2 JP3317321B2 (en) | 2002-08-26 |
Family
ID=12155702
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02507195A Expired - Fee Related JP3317321B2 (en) | 1995-02-14 | 1995-02-14 | Optical fiber amplifier and method of using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3317321B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0843424A2 (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-05-20 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Optical waveguide and 1.5um-band optical amplifier using same |
| WO2001099244A1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2001-12-27 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Light amplifying optical fiber and light amplifier using it |
| KR20110062947A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-10 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Optical fiber laser systems using dy-doped fiber |
-
1995
- 1995-02-14 JP JP02507195A patent/JP3317321B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0843424A2 (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-05-20 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Optical waveguide and 1.5um-band optical amplifier using same |
| EP0843424A3 (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1999-03-10 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Optical waveguide and 1.5um-band optical amplifier using same |
| US6198870B1 (en) | 1996-11-19 | 2001-03-06 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Optical waveguide and 1.5 μm-band optical amplifier using same |
| WO2001099244A1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2001-12-27 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Light amplifying optical fiber and light amplifier using it |
| US6463201B2 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2002-10-08 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Light amplification optical fiber and light amplifier using the same |
| KR20110062947A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-10 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Optical fiber laser systems using dy-doped fiber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3317321B2 (en) | 2002-08-26 |
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