JPH08215591A - Crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a crushing device with a compact size, provided with a blower function, capable of delivering crushed pieces with air, not occurring back flow of the crushed pieces, superior in durability and workability, and enabling to smoothly discharge the crushed pieces. CONSTITUTION: The crushing device 1 is provided with a rotary shaft 3 directly connected with a driving motor 16 in the inside of a casing 2 and fitted with a plural link chains 4 as a crushing means for an object 30 to be crushed radially and also in parallel to the shaft direction. Besides, blade plates 5 forcibly feeding crushed pieces 31 together with air and discs 6 are attached on the rotary shaft 3. A throwing port 9 for throwing in the object 30 to be crushed, an introduction path 10 and an introduction port 11 for long sized object are formed on a side face of the casing 2, and a discharge port 12 for discharging crushed pieces 27 is formed on the other end.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention finely crushes wastes such as papers, wood chips, glass chips, plastics, concrete cans, electric parts, etc., which are used in companies, hospitals, etc. It relates to a crushing device that sends and discharges pressure to the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a waste crushing device used in a system for crushing and recovering waste generated in a company, hospital, laboratory, factory, etc., a link chain conventionally attached to a rotating shaft provided in a casing. There is known a device for crushing an object to be crushed by hitting a roller chain or the like, and in such a device, a suction device for sucking and collecting the crushed pieces after crushing is required separately. Since the suction device sucks crushed pieces as well as air, the blower part is easily worn and damaged, and long-term operation is not possible, and maintenance costs are high. Regarding the crushing capacity of the crusher, the processing capacity can be improved simply by increasing the number of rotations of the rotating shaft, but the suction force is relatively large against the increase of the air flow generated by the rotation of the link chain or roller chain in the casing. In addition to weakening, the discharge port originally tends to be clogged, and the generated crushed pieces flow back from the input port and spout out. Therefore, the rotation speed must be suppressed, and as a result, the crushing work speed cannot be increased,
I had no choice but to spend time on the work.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to be compact and to have a blower function, to convey air of crushed pieces, and to eliminate the need for a separate suction device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing device which is excellent in durability and workability and which does not cause backflow or ejection of crushed pieces. A second problem is to provide a crushing device that can eliminate clogging in the device and smoothly discharge crushed pieces.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The constitution of the present invention which has solved the above problems is as follows: 1) Paper is placed inside a cylindrical casing in which an inlet for the crushed object and an outlet for the crushed pieces are arranged at both ends.・ Crushing means for finely crushing wood and the like is provided, and a rotary shaft having a cylindrical center of the casing as an axial center is provided in a portion adjacent to the crushing means, and a plurality of blades are swingably attached to the rotary shaft, A partitioning body that divides the inside of the casing into a crushing chamber with crushing means and a blower chamber with blades is attached to the rotating shaft, and a crushing chamber is crushed from the crushing chamber to the blower chamber by providing a predetermined gap between the outer circumference of the partitioning body and the inner surface of the casing. Crushing device as a passage of a piece 2) The crushing device according to 1), wherein the vane plate and U-shaped metal fittings attached to the rotary shaft are linked to each other and linked, and the vane plate is swingably attached to the rotary shaft. 3) The crushing means The crushing device according to 1) or 2), which has a structure in which a plurality of link chains are radially mounted in parallel in the axial direction on a rotary shaft extended from the partition body mounting portion. The crushing device according to any one of 1), 2), and 3) using a small disk 5) A plurality of air holes are provided around the rotary shaft mounting portion of the disk, and a plurality of notches are provided on the outer circumference of the disk. 4) Crushing device according to 4) 6) An opening is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the casing on the side of the crushing chamber in the vicinity of the partition body, and a foreign matter chamber for receiving uncrushable foreign matter is provided outside the opening, and the foreign matter chamber is closed. With a door urged by a spring, a bypass passage that connects the foreign matter chamber and the blower chamber in the casing is provided, and a plurality of link chains that cover the opening are suspended from above,
The crushing device according to any one of 1) to 5) above.

As the partitioning body of the present invention, a plurality of link chains or roller chains other than a disk are mounted on the same circumference of the rotary shaft with a length that is spaced apart from the inner surface of the casing by a predetermined distance. The chamber may be partitioned so that crushed pieces of a predetermined size or more are not passed through the blower chamber. Further, the method of swingably attaching the blade plate of the present invention to the rotary shaft is by means of the link of the above-mentioned metal fittings, the method of attaching it through the wire, and connecting the blade plate and the rotary shaft by inserting pins into the holes respectively formed. Any of the methods can be used.

[0006]

In the crushing apparatus of the present invention, the rotating shaft in the casing is rotated and the paper
If a material to be crushed, such as wood chips, is put into the casing through the charging port, it is crushed by the crushing means. On the other hand, the rotation of the vane plate attached to the rotary shaft causes air to be exhausted from the exhaust port, and negative pressure is generated in the blower chamber. Due to the negative pressure, the crushed pieces in the crushing chamber move toward the partition body, and the crushed pieces smaller than the gap between the outer periphery of the partition body and the inner surface of the casing flow into the blower chamber through this gap. The crushed pieces larger than the gap cannot pass through here and remain in the crushing chamber for further crushing. The crushed pieces that have flowed into the blower chamber are sent out from the outlet together with the air by the vane plate, and are collected by the collecting means outside the device. The crushed pieces collide violently with the blades in the blower chamber, but the blades can swing about the rotation axis and absorb the shock.
The risk of damage to the blade itself is extremely low. Further, negative pressure is generated in the crushing chamber as air is discharged by the rotation of the blades, and the crushed pieces are strongly prevented from being ejected from the charging port. Therefore, spouting is unlikely to occur even if the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is increased,
The crushing work speed can be increased as much as possible.

In the structure in which a plurality of link chains are radially and parallelly attached to the rotating shaft as the crushing means, when the rotating shaft is rotated, the link chain rotates in a state of being radially extended from the rotating shaft by centrifugal force. When the object to be crushed is put in this state, the object to be crushed is repeatedly hit hard by the link chain in the crushing chamber and broken into small pieces.
When the object to be crushed contacts the inner surface of the casing, the crushing is performed more effectively. Even if a large crushed object is thrown in and a large force is applied to the link chain, the link chain can change its shape freely, so it is hard to break and has excellent durability.

In the case of using a disk as the partition, the disk reliably prevents the crushed pieces from moving into the blower chamber until they are crushed to a size capable of passing through the gap between the partition plate and the inner surface of the casing. It is possible to reliably select crushed pieces.

In the structure in which the disk is provided with air holes and notches,
Smooths the air flow in the casing generated by the blades,
Even if crushed pieces are blocked on the outer circumference of the disk and the inner surface of the casing for some reason, an air passage can be secured to keep the air flow circulating.

The casing is provided with an opening and a foreign matter chamber,
With the structure in which the opening is covered with the link chain, when there is a foreign object that cannot be crushed by the crushing means in the crushing chamber, the foreign matter that has moved to the partition side due to the airflow moves in the crushing chamber as the partition rotates and moves to the front of the opening. When it reaches, the cover of the link chain is pushed away by the centrifugal force, passes through the opening, reaches the inside of the foreign matter chamber, and is collected. The small debris is rarely passed through the opening as it is repelled by the link chain that covers the opening. Foreign matter accumulated in the foreign matter chamber is taken out by opening the door of the foreign matter chamber when the device is stopped. Bypass passage
When foreign matter passes through the opening, small debris and dust that enter the foreign matter chamber together are guided to the blower chamber along with the air flow so that they do not collect in the foreign matter chamber.

[0011]

Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Example 1 is an example of a crushing device that uses a link chain as a crushing means and uses a disk provided with an air vent hole and a notch as a partition body. The second embodiment is an example in which the crushing device of the first embodiment is provided with a foreign matter chamber and the like. 1 is a front view showing the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the first embodiment,
3 is a rear view showing the first embodiment, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a connection state between the first embodiment and a dust collector, FIG. 8 is a rear view showing an essential part of the second embodiment, FIG. 9 is a side view showing an essential part of the second embodiment, and FIG. 10 is an essential part of the second embodiment. FIG.

In the crushing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, a rotary shaft 3 having a cylinder center axis as a rotation center is provided inside a casing 2 having a cylinder lying sideways. A plurality of link chains 4 are attached to the rotary shaft 3 as radial crushing means in parallel in the radial direction, and a blade plate 5 is attached to the rotary shaft 3 via a connecting member 5a with a slight distance therebetween. The connecting member 5a is constructed by extracting one set of link parts from a link chain of an appropriate size, and attaching each end to the rotary shaft 3 and the vane plate 5 in a state where the U-shaped parts are linked. A disc 6 smaller than the inner diameter of the casing 2 is attached to the rotary shaft 3 between the link chain 4 and the vane plate 5, and the casing 2 is partitioned into a crushing chamber 2a and a blower chamber 2b. The disk 6 is provided with air holes 7 and notches 8. On the side surface of the casing 2 on the side of the crushing chamber 2a, a charging port 9 for charging a crushed object 30, an introducing path 10, and an introducing port 11 for a long object.
Is provided, and a discharge port 12 and a discharge path 13 for discharging the crushed pieces 31 are attached to the side of the blower chamber 2b opposite to this. A dust collector 2 having a configuration in which a blower and an electric motor are omitted from a known small dust collector through a pipe 24 at the discharge port 12
5 is connected. The rotating shaft 3 is directly connected to the electric motor 16 and driven outside the casing 2.

To use the crushing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, first, the electric motor 16 is operated and the rotary shaft 3 is rotated from 3000 to 360.
Rotate at 0 rpm. As a result, the link chain 4, the disc 6 and the vane plate 5 rotate, and in particular, the rotation of the vane plate 5 expels air from the exhaust port 12 to create a negative pressure in the casing 2 and the crushing chamber 2a to the outer periphery of the disc 6. An airflow is generated which reaches the blower chamber 2b through the gap on the inner surface of the casing 2. When the object 30 to be crushed is put into the casing 2 from the charging port 9 through the introducing path 10 or pushed in from the introducing port 11 for a long object, the rotating link chain 4 repeatedly hits the object 30 to be crushed. It The generated crushed pieces 31 ride on the air flow, and the outer circumference of the disk 6 and the casing 2
What has been crushed to a size that passes through the gap on the inner surface flows into the blower chamber 2b through this gap, and the exhaust port 12 together with air.
Is more exhausted. Due to the delivery pressure increased by the rotation of the vane plate 5, the discharged crushed pieces 31 are pressure-fed in the pipe 24 and finally collected by the dust collector 25.

The second embodiment is different from the crushing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment in that an opening 19 is provided on the outer surface of the crushing chamber 2a in the casing 2 near the disk 6, and the non-crushable foreign matter 32 is collected and stored outside the opening 19. And a door 21 for taking out the foreign matter 32, which is always biased to the closing side by a spring, is provided in the foreign matter chamber 20, and an air bypass passage communicating from the foreign matter chamber 20 to the blower chamber 2b in the casing 2 is provided. 23, and a plurality of link chains 18 are suspended in parallel from above so as to cover the surface of the opening 19. The other parts are the same as in the first embodiment.

The method of using the crushing apparatus 1 of the second embodiment is almost the same as that of the first embodiment. When there is a foreign substance 32 that cannot be crushed in the crushing chamber 2a, the foreign substance 32 advances in the crushing chamber 2a while being attracted by the air flow, and reaches the front side of the disk 6.
When the foreign matter 32 continues to circulate in the crushing chamber 2a without advancing to the blower chamber 2b and reaches the front surface of the opening 19 of the casing 2, the centrifugal force caused by rotation pushes open the link chain 18 covering the opening 19, and the foreign matter 32 passes through the opening 19 to open the foreign matter. It reaches the inside of the chamber 20 and is collected. Since the normal crushed pieces 31 are blocked by the link chain 18 and have a strong force to flow into the blower chamber 2b by the air flow, they hardly pass through the opening 19. Dust 33 and foreign matter 32 passing through the gap of the link chain 18
The small crushed pieces 31 that come in together when passing through the opening 19 are carried to the blower chamber 2b by the air flow passing through the bypass passage 23, and thus do not accumulate in the foreign matter chamber 20. Foreign body 3
2 may be taken out by opening the door 21 of the foreign matter chamber 20 after stopping the crushing device 1. Except when it is taken out, the spring 22 opens the door 2
Since 1 is biased and closed, there is no leakage of foreign matter 32 or dust 33.

In the first and second embodiments described above, the crushed pieces sent under pressure from the discharge port of the crusher are collected by a small dust collector that is directly connected. It is also possible to collect them in one place and collect them intensively by passing them through a large-sized dust / air separator or dust collector.

[0017]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By adopting the above-mentioned construction, the present invention realizes compactness while having a blower function and an air carrying capacity for crushed pieces, and has a simple and durable structure with low maintenance cost, The crushing speed can be increased while maintaining safety without backflowing dust, improving work efficiency. In addition, since the air suction force into the casing is strong, the cooling effect is high and the temperature inside the casing does not rise, and even if flammable gas is ejected due to crushing of the cylinder etc., there is almost no danger of explosion as it is diluted and discharged. .

When a structure in which a plurality of link chains are attached to the rotating shaft in a radial and parallel manner is adopted as the crushing means,
It is not easily damaged during crushing and has excellent durability, enabling long-term operation.

If a disk is used as the partition body, it is possible to reliably prevent the discharge of large crushed pieces that are insufficiently crushed and to make the size of the crushed pieces uniform. , The output force at the time of discharge is small.

If the disk is provided with an air hole and a notch, even if crushed pieces are clogged between the disk and the inner surface of the casing, a passage for the air flow from the crushing chamber to the blower chamber is ensured, and the air transfer is ensured. Prevents the capacity from being disrupted and the negative pressure in the blower chamber becoming too strong to deform or damage the disk.

When the casing is provided with an opening and a foreign matter chamber, it is possible to prevent foreign matter that cannot be crushed from being accumulated in the crushing chamber and to block the crushing chamber. Enables continuous operation for hours.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a rear view showing the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection state between the first embodiment and the dust collector.

FIG. 8 is a rear view showing a main part of the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing a main part of the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a main part of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing device 2 Casing 2a Crushing chamber 2b Blower chamber 3 Rotating shaft 4 Link chain 5 Blade plate 5a Connecting member 6 Disc 7 Air hole 8 Notch 9 Input port 10 Introducing path 11 Long object introducing port 12 Discharging path 13 Discharging path 14 Maintenance hole 15 Lid 16 Electric motor 17 units 18 Link chain 19 Opening 20 Foreign material chamber 21 Door 22 Spring 23 Bypass passage 24 Tube 25 Dust collector 26 Machine frame 27 Drum 28 Filter bag 29 Collection bag 30 Shredded material 31 Shattered piece 32 Foreign material 33 dust

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A crushing means for finely crushing paper, wood, etc. is provided in a cylindrical casing having an inlet for a crushed object and an outlet for a crushed piece after crushing, respectively. A rotary shaft having a cylindrical center of the casing as an axial center is provided in an adjoining portion, and a plurality of blade plates are swingably attached to the rotary shaft, and the inside of the casing is provided with a crushing chamber having a crushing means and a blower chamber having a blade plate. A crushing device in which a partition body that is divided into two parts is attached to a rotating shaft, and a predetermined gap is provided between the outer periphery of the partition body and the inner surface of the casing to form a passage for crushed pieces from the crushing chamber to the blower chamber. 2. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the blade plate and the U-shaped metal fittings respectively attached to the rotary shaft are linked and connected to each other, and the blade plate is swingably attached to the rotary shaft. 3. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing means has a structure in which a plurality of link chains are radially and axially mounted in parallel on a rotating shaft extending from the partition body mounting portion. 4. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a disk having a diameter smaller than the inner surface of the casing is used as the partition body. 5. The crushing device according to claim 4, wherein several air holes are provided around the rotary shaft mounting portion of the disk, and a plurality of notches are provided on the outer circumference of the disk. 6. An opening is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the casing on the side of the crushing chamber in the vicinity of the partition body, and a foreign matter chamber is provided outside the opening for receiving foreign matter that cannot be crushed. A spring is attached to the foreign matter chamber to close the foreign matter chamber. The urging door is provided, a bypass passage that connects the foreign matter chamber and the blower chamber in the casing is provided, and a plurality of link chains that cover the opening are suspended from above in a sloping manner. Crushing equipment.