JPH08210253A - Valve plate device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To further reduce the generation of vibration and noise due to opening and closing of a delivery valve and to improve the volumetric efficiency of a device, such as a compressor. CONSTITUTION: The contact surface 32 of a valve plate 30 with a delivery valve 28 during closing of the delivery valve 28 is formed in an inclination recessed part which is gradually curved in a direction in which it gradually approaches the cylinder side from the mounting part 35 side of the delivery valve 28 on the valve plate 30 toward the tip side of the delivery valve 28. The contact surface 33 of a retainer 31 on the delivery valve is formed on an up curved surface curved in a direction in which it is gradually spaced away from the valve plate 30 from the mounting part 35 side of the delivery valve 28 to the valve plate 30 toward the tip side of the delivery valve 28. The starting point A of the curve of the inclination recessed part 32 of the valve plate 30 is positioned further near the mounting part 35 side of the delivery valve 28 on the valve plate 30 than the starting point B of the curve of the up curved surface 33 of the retainer 31.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve plate device used in a fluid device having a piston such as a swash plate compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, there are known valve plate devices used in compressors and the like. In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a main body housing,
A piston 42 is inserted into a cylinder 41 formed therein. A cylinder head 43 is provided at one end of the main body housing 40, and a valve plate 44 is provided between the main body housing 40 and the cylinder head 43.
The valve plate 44 is provided with a discharge hole 46 that communicates the discharge chamber 45 with the inside of the cylinder 41, and a suction hole 48 that communicates the suction chamber 47 with the cylinder 41. And a suction valve 50.

As shown in FIG. 8, for example, the discharge valve 49 is attached to the valve plate 44 via a mounting bolt 51 so that the discharge hole 46 is opened and closed at the non-attachment side portion (that is, the valve tip side portion). It has become. The retainer 52 that restricts the lift amount of the discharge valve 49 in the opening direction is formed in a curved shape as shown in the figure.

In the device as described above, the suction port 48
Fluid sucked into the cylinder 41 via (for example,
The refrigerant) is pressurized by the compression operation of the piston 42, but when the internal pressure in the cylinder 41 rises, the discharge valve 4
9 is opened, and the lower surface of the retainer 52 (discharging valve contact surface) 5
2a is abutted, and the lift amount in the opening direction is regulated. On the other hand, when the internal pressure in the cylinder 41 decreases, the discharge valve 49 contacts the upper surface (discharge valve contact surface) 44a of the valve plate 44, and the discharge hole 4
6 is closed.

However, in the valve plate device as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when the discharge valve 49 is opened / closed, an impact force is applied due to the collision with the discharge valve contact surfaces 44a, 52a, which causes vibration and noise. There is a problem that becomes large.

In order to solve this problem, a valve plate device as shown in FIG. 9 has been previously proposed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-238569). In this proposed device, the discharge valve contact surface 61a of the valve plate 61 is formed as a surface inclined to the side opposite to the curved side of the retainer 62. Since the surface 61a is inclined in the direction of the discharge hole 64, the impact force on the surface 61a when the discharge valve 63 is closed is alleviated, and vibration and noise can be reduced.

[0007]

However, in the valve plate device shown in FIG. 9, the impact force when the discharge valve 63 collides with the valve plate 61 is considerably reduced as compared with the device shown in FIG. Vibration and noise are reduced over the entire number of rotations, but since the discharge valve contact surface 61a is inclined toward the cylinder side, a delay occurs when the discharge valve 63 closes the discharge hole 64, and that amount is delayed. This causes a problem that volume efficiency is lowered.

Further, in neither of the cases of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the impact force and impact noise when the discharge valves 49, 63 collide with the retainers 52, 62 have not been alleviated.

The present invention focuses on the above problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a valve plate device capable of further reducing vibration and noise associated with opening and closing of a discharge valve and improving volumetric efficiency of a device such as a compressor.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a valve plate device according to the present invention, wherein a valve plate is provided on the top of a cylinder in which a piston is reciprocally inserted, and has a discharge hole. A valve plate device, comprising: a discharge valve that is mounted and opens and closes the discharge hole at a non-mounting side portion; and a retainer that is provided on the discharge valve and restricts a lift amount of the discharge valve in an opening direction. The contact surface of the valve plate with respect to the discharge valve when the discharge valve is closed is formed as an inclined recessed portion that gradually curves toward the cylinder side as the discharge valve approaches from the mounting portion side of the valve plate toward the discharge valve tip side. At the same time, the contact surface of the retainer with respect to the discharge valve is formed as an upper curved surface that is gradually curved away from the valve plate as it approaches the discharge valve tip side from the mounting portion side of the discharge valve to the valve plate, The starting point of the curvature in the inclined concave portion of the valve plate is set to the retainer. Than the starting point of the curvature in the upper curved surface, consisting of those is characterized in that is positioned on the mounting portion side of the valve plate of the discharge valve.

The inclined concave portion of the valve plate is formed such that the curvature of its curved surface is gradually decreased from the side of the portion where the discharge valve is attached to the valve plate toward the tip side of the discharge valve, or conversely it is gradually increased. It is desirable to be formed so that.

Further, the inclined recessed portion of the valve plate may be located on the cylinder side by a minute amount than the range of the valve form when the discharge valve is naturally vibrated (hereinafter also referred to as "natural vibration type"). desirable.

Further, it is preferable that the retainer is formed of a resin molded body. The type of resin used is preferably one having mechanically sufficient strength, and examples thereof include engineering plastics such as polyacetal homopolymer.

[0014]

In the valve plate device as described above, the starting point of the curve of the inclined concave portion of the valve plate is positioned closer to the mounting part side of the discharge valve to the valve plate than the starting point of the curve of the upper curved surface of the retainer. In addition, the positional relationship between both bending start points is set. Therefore, as the spring rigidity of the discharge valve, the spring rigidity when contacting the valve plate is smaller than the spring rigidity when contacting the retainer (that is, the valve valve side is more likely to bend).
In other words, the spring rigidity when bent in each direction can be changed without changing the plate thickness of the discharge valve. As a result, when the discharge valve is actuated in the direction to close the discharge hole,
It is operated more easily and quickly, the delay of the discharge hole blockage, which was a problem in the device of FIG. 9, is improved, and the volumetric efficiency of the device is improved.

Further, when the discharge valve comes into contact with the retainer, the spring rigidity thereof is set to be larger, so that the impact force when the discharge valve collides with the retainer is alleviated, and the vibration due to the impact, Noise is reduced.

Further, the curvature of the curved surface of the inclined concave portion of the valve plate may be formed so as to become gradually smaller from the mounting portion side of the discharge valve toward the valve plate front side, or alternatively, the inclined concave portion of the valve plate. If the curvature of the curved surface of the discharge valve is gradually increased from the side where the discharge valve is attached to the valve plate toward the discharge valve tip side, the curved surface is formed into a curved surface that changes extremely gently. The operation of the discharge valve along which the discharge hole is closed is also made smoother.

By positioning the curved surface of the inclined concave portion on the cylinder side by an amount smaller than that of the natural vibration type of the discharge valve, it is as if the discharge valve abuts the curved surface of the inclined concave portion. After the `` whip '' has come, it will come into contact with each other in a smooth manner so that more effective vibration on the valve closing side,
Noise reduction is achieved.

Further, since the retainer is formed of a resin molded body, the impact force when the discharge valve collides with the retainer is attenuated, and the vibration and noise on the valve opening side are further effectively reduced. .

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of a valve plate device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a swash plate type compressor to which a valve plate device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and a valve plate device portion thereof.
In the following embodiments, the valve plate device according to the present invention is applied to a compressor, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a valve plate of a fluid device having a reciprocating piston. It is widely applicable as a device.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a main body housing. Both ends of the main body housing 1 are closed by a front housing 2 and a cylinder head 3, and a crank chamber 4 is formed inside thereof. Body housing 1
A valve plate 30 is provided between the cylinder head 3 and the cylinder head 3. A swash plate 5 is arranged inside the crank chamber 4. A drive shaft 6 is inserted through the center of the swash plate 5.
The drive shaft 6 is rotatably supported by bearings 7.

An ear portion 9 extending toward the rotor 8 is provided on one surface of the swash plate 5. An elongated hole 10 is formed in the ear portion 9. The pin member 11 is inserted into the elongated hole 10 so that the swash plate 5 and the rotor 8 can be changed even when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 changes.
And are substantially connected. The rotor 8 has a thrust bearing 1 on the inner wall of the front housing 2.
It is thrust-supported via 2 and rotates integrally with the drive shaft 6.

A swing plate 13 is provided on the swash plate 5 via a thrust bearing 14. The thrust bearing 14 allows the swash plate 5 to rotate with respect to the oscillating plate 13.

A spherical seat 15 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rocking plate 13. The spherical seat 15 has a piston rod 16
17 is connected to the pivot 17a. On the other hand, a piston 18 which is reciprocally inserted into a cylinder 19 is joined to a pivot 17b at the other end of the piston rod 16.

A rotation blocking mechanism 20 for restraining the rotation of the rocking plate 13 is provided near the outer periphery of the rocking plate 13.

A clutch portion 21 is provided at the end of the front housing 2. The driving force transmitted to the drive shaft 6 is transmitted or interrupted by turning on / off the clutch portion 21.

The interior of the cylinder head 3 is defined by an inner wall 22 into a suction chamber 23 and a discharge chamber 24. Further, the valve plate 30 has a suction hole 25 and a discharge hole 2 communicating with the cylinder.
7 and 7 are drilled. The suction chamber 23 has a suction valve 2
It is communicated with the inside of the cylinder 19 through the suction hole 25 having the number 6. The discharge chamber 24 communicates with the inside of the cylinder 19 via a discharge hole 27 having a discharge valve 28.

As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge valve 28 is fixed to the mounting portion 35 on the valve plate 30 by bolts 35a, and the discharge hole 27 is provided on the side opposite to the mounting portion, that is, on the tip side of the discharge valve 28. It is designed to open and close. Above the discharge valve 28, a retainer 3 also fixed via a bolt 35a.
1 is provided, and the discharge valve 2 is provided by the retainer 31.
The lift amount of 8 in the opening direction is regulated to a predetermined amount.

The contact surface 32 of the valve plate 30 against the discharge valve 28 when the discharge valve 28 is closed is the mounting portion 3 of the discharge valve 28 to the valve plate 30.
The inclined recessed portion is formed so as to be gradually curved toward the cylinder 19 side from the 5 side toward the tip side of the discharge valve 28. Further, the contact surface 33 of the retainer 31 to the discharge valve 28 is gradually curved in a direction away from the valve plate 30 as it approaches the tip side of the discharge valve 28 from the mounting portion 35 side of the discharge valve 28 to the valve plate 30. It is formed on the upper curved surface.

The positions of both of the starting points are set so that the starting point A of the curve in the inclined concave portion 32 of the valve plate 30 is closer to the mounting portion 35 side than the starting point B of the curve in the upper curved surface 33 of the retainer 31. There is. In other words, the inclined concave portion 3
The starting point A of the portion that gives the curvature R ₁ in the curved surface of 2
However, it is located closer to the mounting portion 35 than the starting point B of the portion of the retainer 31 where the curvature R ₂ is applied on the upper curved surface 33. It should be noted that L ₁ and L ₂ respectively indicate the range of the linear portion to which no curvature is given.

In this embodiment, the retainer 31 is made of a resin molded body, and the retainer 31 of this embodiment is a molded product of polyacetal (a homopolymer thereof). The resin is not limited to the above polyacetal, and other engineering plastics may be used. Further, if the mechanical strength is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, it can be appropriately selected from known resins.

In the compressor of this embodiment, when the rotational drive force from a drive source (not shown) such as a drive motor or an automobile engine is transmitted to the drive shaft 6, the rotational drive force is transmitted to the rotor 8. It is transmitted to the swash plate 5 via the swash plate 5 and is rotated in a state where the swash plate 5 is inclined at a predetermined angle. The swash plate 5 is the swing plate 13
The oscillating plate 13 is rotatably provided, and the rotation of the oscillating plate 13 is suppressed by the rotation preventing mechanism 20.
Is swung along with the rotation of the swash plate 5 which is rotated in an inclined state. Then, the piston 1 connected to the swing plate 13
8 is reciprocated in the cylinder 19. The fluid sucked from the suction hole 25 is compressed by the reciprocating movement of the piston 18 in the cylinder 19, and the compressed fluid is discharged from the discharge hole 27.

In the operation of the discharge valve 28, the starting point A of the curve of the inclined concave portion 32 of the valve plate 30 and the starting point B of the curve of the upper curved surface of the retainer 31 are different from each other, so that they are abutted on both curved surfaces. In this case, the spring rigidity of the discharge valve 28 also differs from each other, while the thickness of the discharge valve 28 is constant. That is,
When the starting point A is bent to the side of the inclined recess 32 that is closer to the mounting portion 35, that is, when the discharge hole 27 is closed, the discharge valve 28 is provided.
Has a smaller spring rigidity, and the starting point B is more anti-mounting part 3.
The spring rigidity of the discharge valve 28 becomes greater when the retainer 31 on the fifth side bends toward the upper curved surface 33 side, that is, in the valve opening operation direction.

As a result, when the discharge valve 28 is closed, it becomes easier to bend, the discharge hole 27 is closed more quickly, the closing delay is improved, and the volumetric efficiency of the compressor is improved. To do. On the other hand, when the discharge valve 28 is actuated in the valve opening direction and collides with the upper curved surface 33 of the retainer 31, it becomes more difficult to bend due to the large spring rigidity, and the impact force associated with the collision is alleviated accordingly and the impact is reduced. The accompanying vibration and noise are reduced.

Further, since the retainer 31 is made of a resin molded body, the impact force when the discharge valve 28 collides with the retainer 31 is absorbed and attenuated by the characteristic of the resin, and the vibration and noise are more effective. Is reduced to.

FIG. 3 shows a valve plate device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, in addition to the structure of the above-described embodiment, the inclined recessed portion 37 of the valve plate 36 has a minute amount lower than the natural vibration type of the discharge valve 28 (the position of the discharge valve 28 shown in FIG. 3). That is, it is formed so as to come to the cylinder side. Further, the curvatures R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ , and R ₅ (which may be divided into smaller parts) in the curved surface of the inclined recessed portion 37 are not fixed to the mounting portion 35 of the discharge valve 28 to the valve plate 36.
It is formed into a curved surface that smoothly and continuously changes so as to become gradually smaller from the side (shown in FIG. 2) toward the tip side of the discharge valve 28.

Since the inclined concave portion 37 having such a smooth curved surface is formed on the lower side by a small amount with respect to the natural vibration type of the discharge valve 28, the discharge valve 28 has its mounting portion when the valve is closed. From the side to the tip side, the slanted concave portions 37 are sequentially and smoothly brought into contact with each other so as to make a whip. Therefore, the impact force at the time of a collision is further alleviated, and the vibration and noise are more effectively reduced. Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a valve plate device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the curvatures R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ (which may be divided into smaller parts) in the curved surface of the inclined recess 38 are different from those in the discharge valve 28. Is formed into a curved surface that smoothly and continuously changes so that it gradually increases from the mounting portion 35 (shown in FIG. 2) side to the valve plate 36 toward the tip side of the discharge valve 28.

By providing the inclined concave portion 38 having a smooth curvature surface with such a change in curvature, the discharge valve 28 is closed from the mounting portion side when the valve is closed, as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. When the inclined concave portions 38 are sequentially and smoothly abutted against the tip side so as to make a whip, the degree of the bending can be further strengthened, and the impact force at the time of collision can be further relieved, and the vibration can be reduced. The noise can be reduced more effectively. Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those in the above-described embodiment.

Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 show a comparison of the characteristics of the valve plate device according to the present invention and the device previously proposed by the present applicant shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows the change characteristic of the cylinder internal pressure in the vicinity of the top dead center of the piston, and it can be seen that the delay in closing the discharge valve is effectively improved in the present invention.

Further, FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the rotational speed of the compressor and the vibration level, and it can be seen that the vibration level is effectively reduced in the present invention.

[0041]

As described above, according to the valve plate device of the present invention, the spring rigidity of the discharge valve is controlled by the specific positional relationship of the curved starting points of the inclined concave portion of the valve plate and the upward curved surface of the retainer. It is smaller on the plate side and larger on the retainer side, it is easier to close the discharge hole, and it is possible to further reduce the impact force due to the collision with the retainer, so the delay in closing the discharge hole of the discharge valve is improved and volume efficiency is improved. In addition to being improved, it is possible to reduce vibration and noise due to collision with the retainer.

Further, if the inclined concave portion of the valve plate is formed downward by a small amount due to the characteristic vibration form of the discharge valve and the curvature of the curved surface is changed sequentially, the discharge valve collides with the valve plate. You can significantly reduce the impact force when doing, vibration,
Noise can be reduced more effectively.

Further, if the retainer is made of a resin molding, the impact force when the discharge valve collides with the retainer can be absorbed and damped, so that the vibration and noise can be further reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor to which a valve plate device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a valve plate device portion of the compressor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a valve plate device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a valve plate device according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between cylinder internal pressure and piston position.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a vibration level and a rotation speed.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional valve plate device.

8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the device of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the valve plate device previously proposed by the applicant.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Main Body Housing 2 Front Housing 3 Cylinder Head 4 Crank Chamber 5 Swash Plate 6 Drive Shaft 7 Bearing 8 Rotor 9 Ear 10 Slotted Hole 11 Pin Member 12, 14 Thrust Bearing 13 Swing Plate 15 Spherical Seat 16 Piston Rod 17a, 17b Pivot 18 Piston 19 Cylinder 20 Rotation Blocking Mechanism 21 Clutch Part 22 Inner Wall 23 Suction Chamber 24 Discharge Chamber 25 Suction Hole 26 Suction Valve 27 Discharge Hole 28 Discharge Valve 30, 36 Valve Plate 31 Retainer 32, 37, 38 Inclined Recess 33 Upper Curved Surface A , B Curvature origins R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ Inclined concave curvature of curved surface R ₂ Curvature of upward curved surface

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A valve plate having a discharge hole provided at the top of a cylinder in which a piston is reciprocally inserted, and a discharge valve mounted on the valve plate and opening and closing the discharge hole at a non-mounting side portion. And a retainer that is provided on the discharge valve and restricts a lift amount of the discharge valve in the opening direction, a contact surface of the valve plate to the discharge valve when the discharge valve is closed. Is formed in an inclined concave portion that gradually curves toward the cylinder side as it approaches the discharge valve tip side from the side where the discharge valve is attached to the valve plate, and the contact surface of the retainer to the discharge valve is discharged. The valve is formed on an upper curved surface that gradually curves away from the valve plate as it approaches the discharge valve tip side from the valve plate mounting portion side, and the starting point of the curve in the inclined concave portion of the valve plate is located above the retainer. The valve plate of the discharge valve rather than the starting point of the curve on the curved surface The valve plate device is characterized in that the valve plate device is located on the side of the mounting part. 2. The inclined concave portion of the valve plate is formed so that the curvature of its curved surface is gradually reduced from the mounting portion side of the discharge valve to the valve plate toward the distal end side of the discharge valve. 1 valve plate device. 3. The sloped concave portion of the valve plate is formed such that the curvature of the curved surface thereof is gradually increased from the mounting portion side of the discharge valve to the valve plate toward the discharge valve front end side. 1 valve plate device. 4. The inclined concave portion of the valve plate according to claim 1, wherein the inclined concave portion is located on the cylinder side by an amount smaller than a range of a valve shape when the discharge valve vibrates naturally. Valve plate device. 5. The retainer is a resin molded body,
The valve plate device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.