JPH08201246A - Optimum arrangement of sampling pipe for high-sensitivity smoke detector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the smoke detecting speed and sensitivity of a smoke detector by providing a process for dividing monitoring area into blocks, process for setting the importance of space, process for deciding the importance of assumed hole position, process for deciding optimum hole position, and process for deciding piping. CONSTITUTION: In a process for dividing monitoring area into blocks, a monitoring area which is equal to the top view of a watching space is divided into blocks of a fixed size and, in a process for setting importance of space, the importance of the watching space is set by taking the susceptibility of each block to fire into consideration. In a process for deciding the importance of hole position, the positions of holes for taking air in sampling pipes are assumed at every block in the watching area and the importance of the positions of the holes is decided based on the importance, area, and distance of the space and, in a process for deciding hole position, the optimum hole position is decided by selecting the positions of a plurality of holes from among the assumed holes in the order of the importance. In a process for deciding piping, the piping at which the total length of branched pipes from the optimum hole position decided against a main pipe is decided as the optimum piping.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optimum piping method for a sampling pipe of a high-sensitivity smoke detecting device for detecting smoke particles contained in the air sucked by a sampling pipe from a guard space such as a computer room or a clean room.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in this type of high-sensitivity smoke detection device, a sampling pipe is laid around a caution space such as a semiconductor-related clean room or a computer room,
By sucking air with a fan or pump and guiding it to a high-sensitivity smoke detector, a pulsed scattered light of each smoke particle is grasped by hitting a beam spot that collects laser light, and by counting the number of smoke particles The amount of smoke is detected.

[0003]

By the way, the detection speed and sensitivity of such a conventional high-sensitivity smoke detection apparatus may vary greatly depending on the position of the air intake hole of the sampling pipe arranged in the guard space. However, in the conventional sampling piping, the hole positions are mainly determined by an empirical method, and other than that, for example, it is decided that the hole positions are evenly distributed in a plan view, or a fire is generated. It is only to decide the hole position near the installation place of the equipment with high possibility, and it is not the optimum one that fully considers the situation of fire in the warning space. For this reason, there are still problems that the detection speed is slow and the detection sensitivity is lowered because the hole position is not appropriate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and the detection speed and the detection sensitivity are optimized by optimizing the hole position for air intake and the pipe length in consideration of the situation related to the fire in the warning space as much as possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optimum piping method for a sampling pipe of a high-sensitivity smoke detection device, which is improved.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention relates to a sampling pipe optimum piping method for a high-sensitivity smoke detection device for detecting smoke particles contained in air sucked from a guard space by a sampling pipe, It has the following steps: Block division process: The monitoring area, which is a two-dimensional view of the warning space, is divided into blocks of a certain size.

Space importance setting process: The importance of the space is set in consideration of the easiness of a fire and the like, with the block of the warning area as the minimum unit. Hole position importance setting process: A hole position where air is taken into the pipe is assumed for each block of the warning area, and the assumed importance of the hole position is determined based on the space importance, the area, and the distance.

Hole position deciding process: A necessary number of hole positions are selected from the hole position importance levels in the descending order of importance to determine the optimum hole position. Here, in the hole position importance determining process, it is desirable to determine the importance of the assumed hole position based on the airflow in addition to the space importance, the area, and the distance.

Further, the present invention assumes a main pipe penetrating the guard space in a straight line, and vertically connects the branch pipes from a selected hole position with respect to the main pipe so that the total length of the branch pipes is minimized. It is characterized by including a pipe determination process for determining the position of the main pipe as the optimum pipe.

[0009]

According to the sampling pipe optimum piping method of the high-sensitivity smoke detecting apparatus of the present invention as described above, the importance of the hole position is such that the degree of importance of the hole position is such that a fire is likely to occur or the air flow, etc. The importance of the space determined by, for example, the degree of danger is determined as a parameter.For example, by selecting an arbitrary number of highly important hole positions from the top and determining the piping as the optimum hole position, information on fire in the caution space can be obtained. It can be optimized by being incorporated into the determination of the hole position of the sampling pipe.

Further, as a piping method for the optimum hole position, the hole position is connected to the main pipe penetrating the guard area at right angles with branch pipes, and at this time, the total length of the branch pipes connecting the hole positions and the main pipe is minimized. By deciding as described above, the detection speed can be increased.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A sampling optimal piping method for a high-sensitivity smoke detection apparatus according to the present invention is a block division process of dividing a surveillance area in a plan view of a warning space into blocks of a certain size. Based on the spatial importance, area, and distance, the spatial importance setting process is performed to set the importance of the space in consideration of the easiness of taking place, and the hole position for introducing air into the sampling pipe is assumed for each block in the warning area. , Hole position importance determination process that determines the importance of the assumed hole position, Hole position determination process that determines the optimum hole position by selecting multiple hole positions in the hole position importance in order of importance. Assuming that the main pipe penetrates the security space in a straight line, the branch pipe is connected at a right angle from the optimum hole position determined for the main pipe, and the total length of this branch pipe is minimized. Piping determination process of determining the type pipe as the optimum pipe consists.

The method of the present invention comprising the above-mentioned five steps will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 illustrates a block dividing process, a spatial importance setting process, and a hole position determining process according to the present invention. Figure 1
A guard space such as a clean room or a computer room, which is a target of the present invention, is shown as a monitoring area 1 in a plan view. With respect to such a monitor area 1, first, in a block dividing process, the monitor area 1 is divided into blocks each having a fixed size and becoming a grid. Each block shows an area in which one hole position for air intake of the sampling pipe is set. The size of each block is appropriately determined as needed, but in order to increase the degree of optimization, a smaller block size may be used.

Next, in the process of setting the spatial importance, the blocks of the warning area 1 are set as the minimum unit, and the spatial importances P1 and P
2, P3, ... Pn are set. Here, P1 indicates that the importance of the space is the highest, and the importance decreases in the order of P2, P3, .... In the case of FIG. 1, the spatial importance P
1, P2 and P3 are set in consideration of the degree of importance of the ease of fire and the location of the equipment. Where importance P
1, P2, P3, ... Means the risk of fire.

Next, with respect to the monitoring area 1 in which the spatial importance levels P1 to P3 are set after the block division in FIG.
For each of the 10 × 16 = 160 blocks, a hole position for introducing air into the sampling pipe is assumed, and the assumed hole position is based on the set space importance, its size, and the distance to the assumed hole position. The hole position importance determining process for determining the hole position importance for evaluating the importance of the hole position is performed.

FIG. 1 shows how the hole position importance for block A (1,1) and block A (2,5) is calculated for the assumed hole position Bij. Here, the coordinates (i, j) of the hole position are represented by the coordinate value of the number of blocks with the upper left corner of the monitoring area 1 as the origin. This point is block A
The same applies to (1,1) and block A (2,5).

FIG. 2 shows the side view of FIG. As for the assumed hole position Bij, since the sampling pipe is normally installed on the ceiling surface side, the sampling surface 2 is set in the height direction to determine the hole position Bij. For this hole position Bij,
For example, the linear distance to the block A (1,1) is L (1,
1) (i, j), similarly block A (2, 5)
The distance to is represented by L (2,5) (i, j).

As described above, when the hole position is (i, j) and the spatial position of each block is (k, l), the importance I of the position of the hole Bij is defined by the following equation.

[0018]

[Equation 1]

This equation (1) is used for the target block A.
The degree of importance P (k, l) of (k, l) is calculated from the distance from the hole position Bij to the block L (k, l) (i,
The value divided by j) is added for all blocks. That is, for the importance P (k, l) of each block,
A value inversely proportional to the distance to the hole position is obtained, and the importance I of the hole position Bij is calculated from the sum of all blocks.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the importance of the hole position by determining the importance of the hole position Bij for each block in the monitoring area 1 of FIG. 1 by taking in the airflow that greatly affects the diffusion of smoke as a parameter. The case of determining will be described. FIG. 3 shows how the importance of the hole position is calculated in relation to the hole position Bij in relation to the block A (2,5). Examine the airflow distribution of the block in advance.

FIG. 4 shows an air flow vector obtained by investigating the air flow distribution of block A (2, 5).

[0022]

[Equation 2]

A state in which the above is obtained is shown. Where the airflow vector is generally

[0024]

(Equation 3)

It is represented by. This airflow vector

[0026]

[Equation 4]

The importance J of the hole position (i, j) when V (α, β) is taken in is defined by the following equation.

[0028]

(Equation 5)

In this equation (2), P (α, β) is the spatial importance set for the block A (α, β), and the following () indicates the airflow vector as shown in FIG.

[0030]

(Equation 6)

Is the distance vector

[0032]

(Equation 7)

The inner product vector obtained by adding to the tip as a vector component of a broken line is shown by being shaded. This makes it possible to incorporate the influence of the air flow in determining the importance of the hole position Bij. By the processing of the block dividing process, the space importance setting process, and the hole position importance determining process as described above, the monitor area 1 shown in FIG.
The hole position Bij is set for each of the blocks, and the importance I or J is calculated by the equation (1) or the equation (2). In the next process of determining the optimum hole position, equation (1) or (2)
For example, eight hole positions Q1 to Q8 are selected in descending order of importance from the hole position importance degrees I or J calculated by the formula,
This is the optimum hole position.

FIG. 5 shows the optimum hole positions Q1 to Q8 determined for the monitoring area 1 of FIG. If the optimum hole positions Q1 to Q8 can be determined in this way, the hole positions Q1 to Q8
The sampling pipe may be provided with Q8 as the air intake port, but the detection speed and sensitivity of the high-sensitivity detector are affected by the length of the sampling pipe, and it is desirable that the length of the sampling pipe is as short as possible. In addition, it is desirable to use straight piping for the sampling piping in consideration of the ease of construction.

FIG. 6 shows the pipe determining process of the present invention, which is performed for the optimum hole positions Q1 to Q8 of FIG. First monitoring area 1
On the other hand, the main pipe 3 is set so as to linearly penetrate from any direction. For example, the main pipe 3 is set horizontally in the illustrated state. The main pipes 3 are arranged such that the branch pipes from the optimum hole positions Q1 to Q8 are connected at right angles to the positions of the main pipes 3 while sequentially moving downward from the upper corners at a predetermined pitch. .

FIG. 6 shows the connection of the branch pipes at right angles from the optimum hole positions Q1 to Q8 when the main pipe 3 is displaced by S from the upper corner. In this state, the pipe distances D1 to D8 of the branch pipe with respect to the main pipe 3 are obtained. And the sum D of the pipe distances D1 to D8 of the branch pipes
D is obtained as the piping evaluation value at this time. The pipe evaluation value DD is generally expressed by the following equation.

[0037]

(Equation 8)

Such an evaluation function DD is applied to the main pipe 3
Is calculated by shifting the constant length S by a constant length S, and finally the pipe having the smallest evaluation value DD is determined as the optimum pipe.
For example, the pipe as shown in FIG. 6 can be determined as the optimum pipe for the optimum hole positions Q1 to Q8. In this optimum pipe, the distances of the hole positions Q1 to Q8 to the detection unit 4 connected to the end of the main pipe 3 are minimum, and therefore the detection speed and sensitivity can be optimized. Further, since the branch pipe is connected to the main pipe 3 at a right angle, the piping has the simplest piping configuration and the piping work is facilitated.

Although the main pipe 3 is set horizontally in the state shown in FIG. 6, it may be set vertically or may be set obliquely. Also in this case, similarly, the evaluation value DD is calculated while shifting the main pipe by the predetermined length ΔS,
The pipe with the minimum value is the optimum pipe. FIG. 7 is an embodiment of the detection unit 4 connected to the main pipe 3 of FIG. The detector 4 has a smoke detector 5, and the smoke detector 5 has a main pipe 3
Is connected. Following the smoke detection section 5, a fan section 8 is provided via a flow rate measurement section 7. The fan unit 8 sucks air from the main pipe 3 by the rotation of the fan by the motor,
The sucked air is passed through the smoke detector 5. The smoke detector 5 is provided with a circuit unit 6. The flow rate measuring unit 7 uses, for example, a platinum film thermistor to correct the smoke particle count value due to the flow rate fluctuation by the circuit unit 6 and to notify the abnormality of the sampling pipe 3 and the fan unit 8 when the flow rate drops below a certain value. To use.

FIG. 8 shows the structure of the smoke detector 5 of FIG. The smoke detecting section 5 is provided with a light projecting section 10 and a light receiving section 11 using a laser diode. The light projecting unit 10 focuses the laser light 15 on the central air passage unit 12 to form a beam spot. With respect to the irradiation direction of the laser light 15, the light receiving unit 11
Are arranged at a position inclined by the light receiving angle θ. Light receiving part 1
1 includes a filter 11a, a condenser lens 11b, and a light receiving element 11c using a photodiode or the like. An optical trap 13 that prevents reflection of the laser beam 15 is provided on the opposite side of the light projecting unit 10. Further, a test LED 14 is provided at a position facing the light receiving unit 11.

When smoke particles are present in the air passing through the air passing portion 12, pulsed scattered light strikes the beam spot of the laser light 15 from the light projecting portion 10, enters the light receiving portion 11, and is detected by the light receiving element 11c. It This light receiving element 11c
The smoke amount can be obtained by counting the received light pulse from the circuit unit 6 in FIG. The sampling pipe optimum piping method according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 is specifically realized as a support design system for determining optimum piping by a computer program. In this case, the design support system continuously executes a series of processes including a block dividing process, a space importance setting process, a hole position importance setting process, an optimum hole position determining process, and a pipe determining process.

In the present invention, the optimum hole position Q1 shown in FIG.
Up to the determination of Q8, the process up to this point may be one processing routine. In this case, the process of determining the optimum piping in FIG. 6 is an optional processing routine.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention, the importance of the hole position of each of the blocks into which the warning space is divided in a plane is determined according to the easiness of fire and the installation state of equipment. For example, the risk of fire is determined as a parameter for importance, and by selecting an arbitrary number of highly important hole positions from the top and deciding the piping as the optimum hole position, information on fire in the caution space can be sampled appropriately. It can be incorporated into the determination of the hole position of the pipe, and the optimum sampling pipe can be performed.

Further, by incorporating the airflow that has an important influence on the fire detection in determining the importance of the hole position as a parameter, more accurate optimization can be realized. Furthermore, by optimizing the piping with the main pipe and multiple branch pipes to minimize the piping length with respect to the optimum hole position, the piping work can be facilitated and the detection speed and sensitivity can be further improved. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for dividing a block of a warning space according to the present invention to set a space importance and determining an importance of a hole position.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a side surface of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing determination of importance of hole positions in consideration of air flow.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the side surface of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of distribution of eight hole positions determined in order of importance.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing determination of piping for eight hole positions.

7 is an explanatory diagram of the detection device of FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the smoke detector of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Warning space 2: Sampling surface 3: Main pipe 4: Detecting unit 5: Smoke detecting unit 6: Circuit unit 7: Flow rate measuring unit 8: Fan unit 10: Light emitting unit (laser light source) 11: Light receiving unit 11a: Filter 11b: Condensing lens 11c: Light receiving element 12: Air passage portion 13: Optical trap 14: Test LED 15: Laser light

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a sampling pipe optimal piping method of a high-sensitivity smoke detection device for detecting smoke particles contained in air sucked from a guard space by a sampling pipe, a monitoring area in a plan view of the guard space has a fixed size. Block division process of dividing into blocks of, the space importance setting process of setting the importance of the space considering the easiness of a fire with the blocks of the caution area as the minimum unit, and for each block of the caution area A hole position importance determining process that determines the importance of the assumed hole position based on the space importance, the area, and the distance, assuming a hole position where air is taken into the pipe, and the importance of the hole position importance. A sampling pipe for a high-sensitivity smoke detection device, comprising: a hole position determining process of selecting a necessary number of hole positions in order of increasing frequency and determining the hole position as an optimum hole position. Optimal piping method. 2. The sampling pipe optimum piping method for a high-sensitivity smoke detection device according to claim 1, wherein the hole position importance determining step is based on the airflow in addition to the spatial importance, area and distance. , An optimum piping method for a sampling pipe of a high-sensitivity smoke detector characterized by determining the importance of an assumed hole position. 3. A sampling pipe optimum piping method for a high-sensitivity smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a main pipe penetrating a guard space in a straight line, and selecting the main pipe from the main pipe. Optimum sampling pipe for a high-sensitivity smoke detection device, characterized in that a branch pipe is connected at a right angle from the defined hole position, and a pipe determination process for determining the pipe with the minimum total length of the branch pipe as the optimum pipe Piping method.