JPH08199701A - Sound-insulating wall unit and sound-insulating wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To actualize a new sound-insulating wall which can be light in weight and has the effect of insulating sounds highly, covering a wide range of their frequencies. CONSTITUTION: A surface wall member 12 and a rear wall member 13 are opposed leaving a space between them, the inside thereof is hermetically enclosed with side wall members 14, and these members are integrated. A sound- insulating wall is formed by joining sound-insulating wall units 10, each enclosed inner space 11 of which is decompressed at a pressure preventing the propagation of sounds.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sound insulation wall unit and a sound insulation wall.

[0002]

The problem of sound insulation is associated with a wide range of fields. For example, in terms of daily life, it is practiced to partition the living space and working space with sound insulation walls to realize a quiet space as much as possible.

Further, various devices having noise sources such as motors accompanied by operating noise, such as copying machines and optical printers,
Alternatively, in a washing machine or the like, sound insulation means is provided so as to prevent the operation sound of the motor and the operation mechanism from being emitted to the outside as much as possible.

Although a sound insulation wall is a conventional sound insulation means, it has various problems.

The manner in which sound propagates through the barrier is mainly through transmission (propagation mode in which the waveform of a sound wave incident on one side of the barrier is kept and emitted from the other surface) and mechanical propagation (when incident on one side of the barrier. By the sound wave coming, the barrier excites a complicated mechanical vibration, and the mechanical vibration is converted into a sound wave on the other surface), but in general, since the transmitted sound component is large in the propagated sound component, In order to enhance the sound insulation effect, it is necessary to reduce the transmitted sound, that is, to increase the "transmission loss" in the barrier.

Assuming that the surface density of the barrier is m and the frequency of sound is f, the transmission loss: T for a sound wave that is perpendicularly incident on the barrier.
Ln is TLn = 20 · log (f · m) −42.5 For sounds with random incident directions, the transmission loss TLr is TLr = 18 · log (f · m) −44.

As can be seen from the above formula, the transmission loss depends on the frequency f of the sound and the surface density of the barrier: m. The lower the frequency f, the smaller the transmission loss and the smaller the sound insulation effect. The higher the value, the greater the sound insulation effect.

Therefore, as a sound insulation wall for a "relatively low frequency noise source" such as a motor, it is conceivable to use a heavy material having a high surface density, such as an iron plate, or to use a light material to thicken the sound insulation wall. .

The use of a thick sound insulation wall is not practical because it causes an increase in the size of the device, and in the above case, an iron plate or the like is generally used. For this reason, there is a problem that the presence of the sound insulation wall makes it difficult to reduce the weight of the apparatus main body such as a motor.

When the sound insulation wall is made of an iron plate or the like, the noise of the motor and the like is shielded from the outside,
It is reflected in the internal space surrounded by the sound insulation wall, and eventually replaces the unwanted "mechanical vibration of the device".

When the sound to be sound-insulated has a specific frequency, a sound-insulating wall configured to have two kinds of propagation velocities is used, and there is a phase difference in which the two kinds of sound waves on the transmission surface side cancel each other. It is known to set the thickness of the sound insulation wall as described above (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-150791).

This sound insulation method is effective when the frequency of sound to be sound-insulated is fixed, but a good sound-insulation effect cannot be expected over a wide frequency range, and depending on the frequency of noise, rather In some cases, the two kinds of sound waves act on the transmission surface side so as to reinforce each other.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a novel sound insulation wall which can be realized in a light weight and has a high sound insulation effect over a wide frequency range. (9-11).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel sound insulation wall unit used in the construction of the sound insulation wall (claim 1).
~ 8).

[0015]

The sound insulation wall of the present invention can be used as a sound insulation wall for "preventing mechanical noise" by being installed around a noise source such as a motor in the above-mentioned copying machine, a residence, etc. It can be used as a so-called "partition", a partition wall in a living space or a working space such as an office.

The "sound insulation wall unit" of the present invention basically has a front wall member, a back wall member and a side wall member (claim 1).

The "surface wall member" is a member that faces the sound source side of the sound wave to be shielded and forms the surface wall.

The "back wall member" forms a pair with the front wall agent and is provided so as to face the front wall member.

The "side wall member" integrates the front wall member and the back wall member and forms a sealed space between the front and back wall members.

The inside of this closed space is depressurized to a pressure that prevents the propagation of sound.

The front wall member, the side wall member, and the back wall member may be integrated by using separate materials, or they may be integrally formed from the beginning.

The sound insulation wall unit as a whole is, for example,
It can be configured in a hollow “cube shape or rectangular parallelepiped shape”. In such a case, it is the "front wall member and the back wall member" that form the two surfaces of the cubic shape or the rectangular parallelepiped shape that are opposed to each other, and the other members that form the four surfaces are the "side wall members". become.

In the case of a rectangular parallelepiped sound insulation wall unit, the width of the side wall member may be reduced to bring the front wall member and the back wall member close to each other, and the whole may be formed in a "rectangular thin plate shape".

"Pressure that impedes the propagation of sound" is
Although it depends on how much sound insulation effect is expected, for example, reducing the pressure to about 0.8 atm has a practical effect. The greater the degree of pressure reduction in the closed space, the higher the sound insulation effect, but the pressure can be reduced to "0.5 atm or less" (claim 2).

The front wall member and the back wall member may be opposed to each other in parallel, but one may be inclined to some extent with respect to the other.

The front wall member, the back wall member, and the side wall member may be made of the same material, but among these three,
At least the side wall member can be made of a material different from the others (claim 3), and these three members may be made of different materials.

In the case of the cubical or rectangular parallelepiped sound insulation wall unit described above, the side wall member has four surfaces, but these four surfaces may be made of different materials of 1 or more and 4 or less.

The space sealed by the front wall member, the back wall member and the side wall member may be "partitioned into a plurality of chambers when viewed from the front wall member side by one or more reinforcing partition plate members". Yes (claim 4). That is, in this case, the partition plate member is orthogonal to at least one of the front wall member and the back wall member.

The shape of the "atrioventricular" seen from the surface wall member side is
For example, it may be rectangular or hexagonal (in this case,
The entire chamber has a so-called "honeycomb structure".

When the partition plate member is used as described above,
It is possible to "provide openings in the front wall member and the back wall member corresponding to at least one of the chambers" (claim 5). By doing so, the sound insulation wall becomes "plain" in the portion corresponding to the chamber.

The front wall member and the back wall member, or the front wall member, the back wall member and the side wall member may be made of a glass material or a plastic material (claim 6). When a partition plate member is used as in the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4 or 5, a front wall member, a back wall member and a partition plate member, or a front wall member, a back wall member, a partition plate member and a side wall member. And can be made of a glass material or a plastic material (claim 7).

In the case of the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4 or 5, the front wall member and / or the back wall member can be made of vinyl (claim 8).

The sound insulation wall of the present invention is constructed by combining a plurality of sound insulation wall units according to any one of claims 1 to 8 above, but the above-mentioned claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or The sound insulation wall units described in 7 or 8 may be combined by "arranging a plurality of sound insulation wall units in series in the sound propagation direction" (claim 9), and each sound insulation wall unit may be viewed from the front wall member side. The sound insulation wall may be formed by forming shapes that can be densely combined with each other, for example, “rectangular shape, trapezoidal shape, hexagonal shape” or the like, and combining these two-dimensionally without a gap (claim 10).

When the sound insulation wall units are densely combined in a two-dimensional manner like the sound insulation wall according to claim 10, as the sound insulation wall unit to be combined, "at least two kinds of sound insulation wall units in which the materials of the side wall members are different from each other" are prepared.
These can be “combined so that the materials of the side wall members in the sound insulation wall units adjacent to each other are different”.

In this case, "the front wall member, the back wall member, the side wall member and the partition plate member are formed of the same material, but a plurality of types of sound insulation wall units of different materials are prepared for each unit", and the units contacting each other are prepared. The materials may be different.

Of course, it is also possible to construct the sound insulating wall by stacking the sound insulating walls according to the tenth and eleventh aspects in multiple layers in the sound propagation direction.

As the method for reducing the pressure in the closed space, various methods known in the art can be used.

[0038]

As shown in FIG. 1, the sound insulation wall unit 10 of the present invention has a "hollow structure", and the sealed space 11 inside is depressurized.

A sound wave is a "medium wave" and is a propagation mode of vibration of a medium. Therefore, sound waves cannot propagate in a vacuum in which no medium exists.

If the closed space 11 inside the sound insulation unit 10 is evacuated, sound waves will not propagate in this space. However, if the closed space is decompressed, the sound pressure in the closed space increases as the degree of decompression increases. Propagation is weakened, and the energy of the transmitted sound transmitted from the front wall member 12 to the back wall member 13 is reduced.

Therefore, the transmission loss can be effectively increased by reducing the pressure inside the closed space 11. Practically, the sound insulation effect can be expected when the pressure is reduced to about 0.8 atm or less, and the effective sound insulation effect is obtained when the pressure is reduced to 0.5 atm or less (Claim 2). The reduced pressure below can substantially completely prevent the transmission of sound due to transmission.

When the degree of decompression increases and the pressure inside the closed space decreases, the corresponding physical strength is required so that the front wall member 12 and the back wall member 13 are not deformed by the atmospheric pressure. When the partition plate member is used for reinforcement as in the sound insulation wall unit according to claims 4 and 5, the physical strength required for the member is effectively mitigated. The / or back wall member can be constructed of a lightweight material such as vinyl.

The sound wave incident on the front wall member 12 is the front wall member 1.
2 is vibrated, and its mechanical vibration is transmitted to the side wall member 14 to vibrate it, and further the back wall member 13 is mechanically vibrated, and is converted into a sound wave again on the back wall member 13 side. The component of such "mechanical propagation" is "smaller than the propagation by transmission", but it is desirable to keep it small if possible.

In the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 3, since at least the side wall member 14 of the front wall member 12, the back wall member 13 and the side wall member 14 is made of a material different from the others, the front wall The mechanical vibration generated in the member 12
Since the light is reflected at the boundary surface with the side wall member 14 having a different medium, the propagation to the side wall member 14 and further to the back wall member 13 is effectively reduced.

Similarly, in the sound insulation wall according to the eleventh aspect, since the material of the side wall member is different between the adjacent sound insulation wall units, it is difficult for the mechanical vibration of one sound insulation wall unit to be transmitted to the adjacent sound insulation wall unit.

[0046]

EXAMPLES Specific examples will be described below.

FIG. 2 shows the sound insulation wall units 10A and 10B as shown in FIG.
(Propagating to the right) is a sound insulation wall. Both the sound insulation wall units 10A and 10B may be the same type unit formed of the same material. In this case, when the materials of the front wall member 12A and the back wall member 13A are changed, the front wall member 12 forming the connecting portion between the sound insulation wall units 10A and 10B.
Since B and the back wall member 13A are different media for sound propagation, mechanical propagation is effectively reduced and the sound insulation effect is high. Further, in each unit, if the front wall member and the side wall member are also made of different materials, mechanical propagation can be further reduced.

Alternatively, the sound insulation wall units 10A and 10B
Even if they are made of different materials, mechanical propagation can be effectively reduced.

In the transmission of sound by the transmission type, since two closed spaces are arranged in the propagation direction, the transmission loss due to each closed space acts synergistically, and an extremely high sound insulation effect can be realized. Of course, three or more sound insulation wall units may be arranged in series if necessary.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has four types of sound insulation wall units 101, 102, 103, 104 formed in a cubic shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape (long in the direction orthogonal to the drawing).
2A is an example (a) in which a sound insulating wall is configured by combining in a “vertical stack” and an example (b) in which a sound insulating wall is configured by combining in “vertical and horizontal”. 3 (b), the state of FIG. 3 (a) may be considered as seen from the left side of the figure, or a sound insulation wall configured as shown in FIG. 3 (a) is connected in the sound propagation direction. It may be considered as an example of the arrangement.

Four types of sound insulation wall units 101, 102, 1
As for the units 03 and 104, the front wall member, the side wall member, and the back wall member are all formed of the same material as the unit, but the constituent materials of the units are different from each other. Therefore, attenuation of mechanical propagation can be realized at the connecting portion of each sound insulation wall unit.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the propagation speed of the mechanically propagating sound is different for each unit. Therefore, if the combination of the units is devised, the mechanical propagation of the sound of a specific frequency is adjacent to each other. It is also possible to cancel each other out to enhance the sound insulation effect.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is an embodiment in which the sound insulation wall units 100 are combined to form a sound insulation wall. (A) is an example combined with "vertical stacking", and (b) is an example combined with "vertical and horizontal". FIG. 4B is the same as FIG.
The state of (a) may be considered as viewed from the left side of the figure, or may be considered as an example in which the sound insulation walls configured as shown in FIG. 4 (a) are connected to each other in the sound propagation direction. .

Sound insulation wall unit 10 being combined
0 is the same type, but each sound insulation wall unit 10
0 is a front wall member 100a, a back wall member 100b, a side wall member 1
00c and 100d are made of different materials, and the two surfaces in the direction orthogonal to the drawing are also made of different materials.

In the sound insulating wall unit 100, the front wall member, the side wall member, and the back wall member are all made of different materials, so that mechanical propagation can be effectively attenuated in each sound insulating wall unit.

Further, in the connecting portions of the adjacent sound insulating wall units, the parts made of different materials are connected to each other, so that the mechanical propagation can be attenuated also in the connecting portions of the respective sound insulating wall units.

Of course, in the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4, the sound insulation wall units may be combined in various forms other than the illustrated examples.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4. The sound insulation wall unit of this embodiment includes four rectangular partition plate members 201, 202, 203,
204 is combined in a "double girder" shape, and the periphery thereof is the side wall member 2
It is surrounded by 06 and is sandwiched between the front wall member 210 and the back wall member 220 in the arrow direction. For simplification of the drawing, the front wall member 210, the back wall member 220, and the side wall member 2
06, the partition plate members 201, 202, 203, and 204 are drawn with “thickness omitted”, but of course, in reality, they are plate-shaped members having a thickness.

In this sound insulation wall unit, the sealed space between the front wall member 210 and the back wall member 220 is seen from the front wall member 210 side by the reinforcing partition plate members 201, 202, 203 and 204. It is divided into individual chambers. Of course, each chamber is decompressed.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 5. In order to avoid complication, the members which are not likely to be confused are given the same reference numerals as in FIG.

As shown in (a), the sound insulation wall unit of this embodiment has four rectangular partition plate members 201,
202, 203, and 204 are combined in a "double girder" shape, the periphery thereof is surrounded by a side wall member 206, and this is sandwiched by a front wall member 211 and a back wall member 221 in the arrow direction. As in FIG. 5, the front wall member 210, the back wall member 220, the side wall member 206, and the partition plate members 201, 202, 203, 204 are “thickness omitted” for simplification of the drawing.
I drew it.

As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the front wall member 211 and the back wall member 221 are the "center chamber part" of the nine chambers partitioned by the combination of the partition plate members 201 and the like. The "opening" is formed in accordance with the.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the formed sound insulation wall unit is "passed through" at the central portion. Of course, other chambers are decompressed.

In this "passing through" portion, sound is transmitted through the sound insulation wall unit of FIG. 6 as an air layer. Therefore, the sound insulation wall unit of FIG. 6 has a sound insulation effect as compared with that of the embodiment of FIG. Then it will be low. There is a merit that the above-mentioned "clear portion" can be used for lighting and ventilation.

When a sound insulation wall having an area S has an opening having an area s, the intensity of sound propagating through this opening is proportional to the logarithm of the area ratio (aperture ratio): s / S, and 10 log (s /
S). In the embodiment of FIG. 6, (s / S) is 1 /
9, the effective sound insulation effect is obtained.

The material of the front wall member, the back wall member, the side wall member, and the partition plate member of the sound insulation unit of the present invention does not need to be light-transmissive, but when the sound insulation unit is used for an indoor partition, etc. Therefore, it is preferable to use a glass material or a plastic material having light transmissivity as a material (claims 6 and 7).

When the closed section is divided into a plurality of chambers by the partition plate member as in the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, the partition plate member reinforces against the negative pressure applied to the front wall member, the back wall member and the side wall member. Since it has an action, "vinyl" can be used as the front wall member and the back wall member, and the weight of the sound insulation wall unit can be effectively reduced.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which the sound insulation wall according to the present invention is used for a partition in a room. In the figure, reference numeral 30
The sound insulation walls denoted by 1,302,303,304,305 are
A sound-insulating wall (claim 10) in which sound-insulating wall units of the type shown in the embodiment of FIG. 6 are two-dimensionally combined without a gap (claim 10), and the sound-insulating walls 301, 302, 303 are arranged on a bright side such as a window side. Therefore, the "bare part" of each sound insulation wall unit is used for daylighting and ventilation.

Further, the sound insulation walls 304 and 305 are provided between other indoor parts, and these parts are covered with the decorative film 400 also as a blind. Sound insulation wall 304,3
Since 05 itself has a sound insulation function, a lightweight “decorative film” can be used without using a heavy object such as a conventional “decorative board”.

The sound insulation walls 310, 311 and 312 are shown in FIG.
6 is a sound insulation wall having a configuration in which the sound insulation wall units described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 are combined.

[0071]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a new sound insulation wall unit (claims 1 to 8) and a sound insulation wall (claims 9 to 11).

Since the sound insulation wall unit of the present invention has a hollow structure and the internal hermetically sealed space is depressurized, it is possible to effectively prevent the transmission of sound due to transmission, and by combining these (claims 9 to 11). A sound insulation wall with a high sound insulation effect can be realized.

The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 3 and claim 1
The sound insulation wall No. 1 can effectively reduce mechanical propagation and realize a more effective sound insulation effect.

Since the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4 has a partition plate member for reinforcement in the internal space, lightweight vinyl or the like can be used for the front wall member and the back wall member (claim 8), which is lightweight. A sound insulation wall can be realized.

Since the sound insulation wall unit according to the fifth aspect has the opening, it is possible to ensure the air permeability when the sound insulation wall is constructed.

In the sound insulation wall unit according to the sixth and seventh aspects, it is possible to reduce the weight of the sound insulation wall by using a lightweight material, and it is possible to secure the daylighting property of the sound insulation wall by using the light transmissive material.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a sound insulation wall unit of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example in which sound insulation wall units are arranged in series in a sound propagation direction.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of a sound insulation wall.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the sound insulation wall.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an embodiment of the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4;

FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment of the sound insulation wall unit according to claim 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example in which the sound insulation wall of the present invention is used for a partition inside a room.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Sound insulation wall unit 11 Closed space 12 Front wall member 13 Back wall member 14 Side wall member

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A structure in which a front wall member and a back wall member are opposed to each other with a space therebetween and the inside is hermetically sealed by a side wall member, and sound propagation is prevented in the sealed internal space. A sound insulation wall unit that is decompressed to a pressure like that. 2. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the internal space is reduced to 0.5 atmospheric pressure or less. 3. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 1, wherein at least the side wall member of the front wall member, the back wall member, and the side wall member is made of a material different from that of the other. unit. 4. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the hermetically sealed space between the front wall member and the back wall member is provided by one or more reinforcing partition plate members from the front wall member side. A sound insulation wall unit characterized by being divided into a plurality of chambers when viewed. 5. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4, wherein openings are provided in the front wall member and the back wall member corresponding to at least one of the chambers. 6. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 1, 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, wherein the front wall member and the back wall member, or the front wall member, the back wall member and the side wall member are made of a glass material or a plastic material. A sound insulation wall unit characterized by being configured. 7. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the front wall member, the back wall member and the partition plate member, or the front wall member, the back wall member, the partition plate member and the side wall member are made of glass material or plastic. Sound insulation wall unit characterized by being made of material. 8. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 4, wherein the front wall member and / or the back wall member is made of vinyl. 9. A sound insulation wall unit according to claim 1, 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8,
A sound insulation wall that is constructed by arranging multiple units in the sound propagation direction. 10. The sound insulation wall unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 is formed in a shape that can be densely combined with each other when viewed from the side of the front wall member. A sound insulation wall that is two-dimensionally combined without gaps. 11. The sound insulation wall according to claim 10, wherein two or more kinds of sound insulation wall units having at least side wall members made of different materials are combined so that adjacent sound insulation wall units have different materials for the side wall members. .