JPH0819964B2 - Hydraulic crimp clutch - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydraulic crimping clutch, and more particularly to the use of a shape memory alloy compression spring for activating a stopper that limits the stroke of a piston for pressing a pressure plate. Thus, when the temperature is high, the stroke of the piston can be reduced to quickly engage and disengage the clutch, and when the temperature is low, the stroke of the piston can be increased to prevent the drag of the clutch due to the increase in the viscosity of the oil. Further, the present invention relates to a hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch in which the clutch is made compact by providing a stopper device for operating the stopper inside the piston.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a manual transmission type transmission or a transmission in which the manual transmission type transmission is automatically shifted by an actuator employing a fluid pressure cylinder, a mechanical clutch such as a dry type or a wet type is required. In order to improve the durability and to quickly connect and disconnect the clutch, a hydraulic pressure type clutch is adopted.

However, in the conventional hydraulic pressure-type clutch, since the distance between the clutch cover and the clutch disk is always constant, the stroke of the piston for pressing the pressure plate is constant. The clutch becomes worse,
So-called clutch dragging occurs, and the torque resulting from the clutch dragging increases, causing problems such as difficulty in engaging the gear and difficulty in disengaging the gear. Further, in order to solve the problem, it is conceivable to increase the stroke of the piston, but this causes a problem that the engagement / disengagement of the clutch becomes slow at a high temperature, and the speed change operation cannot be performed. In addition, it is difficult to dispose a complicated and large-sized device inside the clutch in order to solve such a problem because the space inside the clutch is very small, and the total length of the clutch is lengthened to deteriorate the vehicle mountability. Will result in

The present invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to fix the main body fixed to the crankshaft of the engine and the pressure plate pressing inside the main body. In a hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch having a hydraulic device including a cylinder in which a ring-shaped piston for sliding is accommodated slidably and a hydraulic pump that supplies oil to the cylinder, the tip is slid in the direction of the crankshaft. A stopper that comes into contact with a cylinder and limits the stroke of the piston, a stopper drive body that is slidable in the circumferential direction of the piston and that has an inclined surface that slides the stopper in the crankshaft direction, and a stopper drive body of the stopper drive body. A bias compression spring attached to one end of the stopper drive body to urge the stopper drive body in one direction, and attached to the other end of the stopper drive body. A stopper device made up of a shape memory alloy compression spring, which is memorized so as to push the stopper driving body in the other direction and expand due to a change in temperature, is provided with a stopper device inside the piston. When the compression spring returns to its memory mode, the stopper protrudes from the piston and the stroke of the piston becomes smaller.When the temperature is low, the compression spring made of shape memory alloy is compressed by the compression spring for biasing and the stopper is retracted to increase the stroke of the piston. This is to prevent the clutch from dragging at a low temperature, and to make it possible to easily carry out the gear engagement and the gear disengagement at a low temperature. Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to quickly engage and disengage the clutch at a high temperature with the above configuration. Still another object is to provide a stopper device for limiting the stroke of the piston inside the piston so that the clutch can be prevented from dragging at a low temperature without increasing the total length of the clutch at all, thereby improving the vehicle mountability of the clutch. It is to improve.

In summary, the present invention provides a cylinder fixed to a crankshaft of an engine, a cylinder fixed to the main body, in which a ring-shaped piston for pressing a pressure plate is slidably accommodated, and oil is supplied to the cylinder. In a hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch equipped with a hydraulic device including a hydraulic pump, a stopper that slides in the crankshaft direction and has its tip abutted against the cylinder to limit the stroke of the piston, and the stopper is the crankshaft direction. And a stopper drive body that is slidable in the circumferential direction of the piston and that is attached to one end of the stopper drive body and biases the stopper drive body in one direction. And is attached to the other end of the stopper driving body and pushes the stopper driving body in the other direction to expand the stopper driving body due to a change in temperature. A stopper device composed of a shape memory alloy compression spring that has been memorized as described above is provided inside the piston, and at the time of high temperature, the shape memory alloy compression spring returns to its memorized form so that the stopper is removed from the piston. The piston stroke is reduced so that the stroke of the piston is reduced, and when the temperature is low, the compression spring made of the shape memory alloy is compressed by the bias compression spring and the stopper is pulled in to increase the stroke of the piston. To do.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 to 6, a hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch 1 according to the present invention includes a crankshaft 6 of an engine (not shown).
A main body 14 fixed to the main body, a cylinder 15 fixed to the main body, in which a ring-shaped piston 16 for pressing the pressure plate 10 is slidably accommodated, and a vane pump 18 which is an example of a hydraulic pump for supplying oil to the cylinder. And a stopper device 54 composed of a stopper 50, a stopper driving body 51, a bias compression spring 52, and a shape memory alloy compression spring 53. To prepare for.

First, the basic configuration of the hydraulic pressure-type clutch 1 will be described. A crankshaft 6 of an engine (not shown) is slidably fitted in a clutch housing 5.
A flex plate 9 is fixed to one end of the crankshaft 6 by bolts 8 and protrudes into the clutch housing 5. The flex plate 9 has a hydraulic device 12 for pressing a pressure plate 10 against a clutch disk 11. Are fixed by bolts 13.

The hydraulic device 12 includes a main body 14, a cylinder 15, a ring-shaped piston 16, and a vane pump 18 as an example of a hydraulic pump.

The main body 14 is formed in a circular shape so as to be rotatable together with the flex plate 9, is fixed to the flex plate 9 by bolts 13, and an input shaft 20 is rotatably mounted at the center portion thereof via a bearing 19, and a clutch is provided. A friction member 21 is fixed to the facing surface 14a on the disk 11 side.

The cylinder 15 is formed in a circular shape so as to be rotatable together with the main body 14, is fixed to the main body 14 by bolts 22, and has a cylinder chamber 15b and an oil passage 15c communicating therewith. The cylinder chamber 15b and the oil passage 15c are communicatively connected by a communication hole 15d, the oil passage 15c is rotatably supported by the sleeve 18a of the vane pump 18 via the bearing 23, and the boss portion 18b of the vane pump 18 has a plurality of sealing members. Oil passage 26 of retainer 26 rotatably fitted through 24 and 25
The retainer 26 is communicatively connected to a, and the retainer 26 is fixed to the cylinder 15 via a seal member 27. The oil passage 26a of the retainer 26 is connected to the oil discharge port 18c of the vane pump 18 via an electromagnetic valve (not shown) housed in an electromagnetic valve housing 18f fixed to the boss 18b of the vane pump 18. The oil discharged from the vane pump communicates with the oil gallery 18d.
Retainer 26 from high pressure side oil gallery 18g formed in b
Is supplied in a high-pressure state through a communication hole 26d formed in the hole. The end of the oil passage 15c is sealed by a steel ball 15e.

In the cylinder 15, an oil passage 15f is formed at a circumferential position different from the oil passage 15c, and the oil passage is connected to a space 12a in the hydraulic device 12 through a communication hole 15g. The oil passage 26c communicates with an oil passage 26c formed at a circumferential position different from the oil passage 26a. The oil passage 26c communicates with an oil gallery 18d via another solenoid valve (not shown). The oil discharged from the low pressure side oil gallery 18h formed in the boss 18b is controlled by the solenoid valve and supplied to the space 12a in a low pressure state through the communication hole 26e formed in the retainer 26, and the clutch is operated. Hydraulic pressure for cutting can be obtained.

The oil in the space 12a is discharged from a communication hole 15h communicating with an oil suction port (not shown) of the vane pump 18, and is sucked into the oil suction port of the vane pump 18.

The piston 16 is formed in a ring shape, and the pressure plate 10 is provided on the side surface 16a on the clutch disc 11 side.
Is fixed, and the cylinder chamber 15
b, is slidably received in the horizontal direction, and moves to the left in the figure to move the pressure plate 10 to the clutch disk 11
Is configured to be pressed.

The counter shaft 42 is rotatably supported by the transmission case 41 via a bearing 43.

Referring also to FIG. 2, the vane pump 18 is fixed to the clutch housing 5 by bolts 28, and its main body 18e is
It is divided and connected by bolts 29, and the rotor 30 is
Are rotatably accommodated by being supported by the sleeve 18a via the bush 31. The rotor 30 is housed in a ring 32, and a vane 33 slidably housed in a plurality of radial grooves 30a formed in the rotor 30 is attached to an inner surface 32a of the ring by centrifugal force accompanying rotation. The oil can be compressed while sliding while making contact with and keeping confidentiality. Two cutouts 30b for power transmission are provided on the inner surface of the rotor 30.
Is formed, the end portion 26b of the retainer 26 is engaged with the notch,
Power is transmitted from the retainer to the rotor 30.

The center of the ring 32 and the rotation center of the rotor 30 are eccentric by a predetermined eccentric amount, and the eccentric amount is variable.
That is, a compression spring 34 for pressure setting for pressing and urging the ring pressing pin 47 is provided on the side of the main body 18a of the vane pump 18 with a bolt.
The compression spring 34 is accommodated in a cover 36 fixed to the main body at 35, and the compression spring 34 is compressed by the ring 32 so that the eccentric amount is reduced. Also, the inner peripheral surface 32a of the ring 32
A stopper 37 is fixed to the ring 32 by the stopper.
Is set in the vertical direction.

Next, a compression spring made of a shape memory alloy which is a main part of the present invention
Explaining the configuration of the stopper device 54 using 52,
The stopper device is designed to be completely housed in a groove-shaped recess 16c formed in the side surface 16b of the piston 16 on the transmission side, and is configured not to project from the side surface 16b at all.

The stopper 50 slides in the direction of the crankshaft so that its tip 50a comes into contact with the cylinder 15 to limit the stroke of the piston.
b and a mushroom-shaped follower 50c having a non-circular cross section formed continuously with the stopper, and slidable in a hole 55a formed in a lid member 55 formed in the same shape as the recess 16c. When the lid member is attached to the piston 16, the surface 55b of the lid member is flush with the side surface 16b of the piston 16, and thus the surface projects from the surface.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lid member 55 is fixed to the piston 16 by three screws 56, and the stopper devices 54 are mounted at three positions in the circumferential direction of the piston at the same intervals.

The stopper driving body 51 is formed with an inclined surface 51a for sliding the stopper 50 in the direction of the crankshaft 6 and is slidable along the concave portion 16c in the circumferential direction of the piston, and is basically circular in cross section. A flat surface 51b is formed continuously with the inclined surface 51a, and small diameter portions 51e and 51f for mounting compression springs are formed at one end 51c and the other end 51d, respectively.

The bias compression spring 52 is an ordinary metal spring that is not a shape memory alloy, and is attached to a small diameter portion 51e formed at one end 51c of the stopper drive body 51 so that the stopper drive body is pulled in one direction, that is, the stopper 50 is pulled in. It is housed in the recessed portion 16c so as to be pressed and biased in the direction to move. The spring constant of the shape memory alloy compression spring 53 is weaker than the restoring force of the shape memory alloy compression spring 53 to the memory form (extended state). Is set to such a value that the shape memory alloy compression spring can be compressed at the time of return.

The shape memory alloy compression spring 53 is attached to a small-diameter portion 51f formed at the other end 51d of the stopper driving body 51 to form a recess 16
It is housed in c and is urged in the other direction, that is, in the direction in which the stopper 50 protrudes, and is memorized so as to be expanded by a change in temperature. It is manufactured in a memory form and in a compressed state as a secondary permanent deformation processed form. That is, when the temperature exceeds a certain value, the shape returns to the memory state, so that the shape memory alloy compression spring is used.
53 generates a very strong stretching force and tries to stretch, so that when the temperature falls below a certain value, the force to maintain the stretched state is lost so that it may return to the secondary permanent deformation processing form. Has become.

Shape memory alloys are broadly classified into Ni-Ti alloys and Cu-Zn-Al alloys.Cu-Zn-Al alloys are less expensive than Ni-Ti alloys, have a quick follow-up to temperature changes, and have a hysteresis. Is small and the transformation temperature range is wide.
The Ni-Ti alloy is said to have a large shape recovery amount, a high durability (thermal cycle) of about two digits, excellent functional properties, and high reliability. In the present invention, any of these alloys can be used for the compression spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy.

When the temperature is high, the shape memory alloy compression spring 53 returns to its memorized state, so that the stopper 50 projects from the side surface 16b of the piston 16 and abuts against the cylinder 15 to press it, and the stroke of the piston 16 becomes smaller, resulting in a low temperature. Sometimes the bias compression spring 52 causes the shape memory alloy compression spring 53
Is compressed and the stopper 50 is retracted to increase the stroke of the piston 16.

The present invention is configured as described above, and its operation will be described below. First, the basic operation of the hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch 1 will be described. When the engine rotates, the crankshaft 6, the flex plate 9, the hydraulic device 12
Body 14, cylinder 15, retainer 26 and vane pump 18
The rotor 30 rotates at the same speed, and the increased pressure oil is discharged from the vane pump 18.

In the state shown in FIG. 1, the oil from the vane pump 18 passes through the low-pressure side oil gallery 18h, the oil passage 26c, the oil passage 15f, and the communication hole 15g, and is depressurized by the electromagnetic valve and supplied only to the space 12a. Is filled with low-pressure oil and is not supplied to the oil passage 26a and the oil passage 15c. Therefore, the pressure plate 10 and the piston 16 are pressed rightward in the figure by the low-pressure oil filled in the space 12a, the clutch disc 11 is released, and the clutch is disengaged.

Therefore, when the clutch is connected, the solenoid valve operates to connect the discharge port 18c of the vane pump 18 and the oil passage 26a, and high-pressure oil flows into the oil passage 26a from the high-pressure oil gallery 18g through the communication hole 26d. Then, the high-pressure oil is supplied from the oil passage 26a to the oil passage 15c. Then, the oil flows into the cylinder chamber 15b through the communication hole 15b, high-pressure oil pressure is generated in the cylinder chamber, and the piston 16 moves leftward in the figure together with the pressure plate 10, and the clutch disc 11 Is pressed against the friction member 21 of the main body 14, power is transmitted to the clutch disc 11, and the clutch is engaged.

Also, by preventing the oil of the vane pump 18 from being supplied to the oil passage 15c by the operation of the solenoid valve,
The hydraulic pressure in the cylinder chamber 15b is released, and the clutch can be disengaged by pushing the pressure plate 10 and the piston 16 back to the right in the drawing by the low-pressure hydraulic pressure in the space 12a.

Next, a compression spring made of a shape memory alloy which is a main part of the present invention
The operation of the stopper device 54 using the 52 will be described. In FIG. 6, at the time of high temperature, the compression spring 53 made of shape memory alloy is used.
Intends to strongly return to the memory form, presses the stopper driving body 51 in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and as a result, the driven portion 50c of the stopper 50 rides on the inclined surface 51a and slides in the direction of arrow D. The tip 50a thereof projects from the side surface 16b of the piston 16 and contacts the cylinder 15 to press it. Then, the reaction of the piston 16 with the pressure plate 10 causes the piston 16 to approach the clutch disc 11, and the gap C between the pressure plate 10 and the clutch disc 11 becomes small, so that the clutch can be quickly engaged and disengaged. .

At low temperature, as shown in FIG. 6, the shape memory alloy compression spring 53 loses the force to return to its memory form, so that the restoring force of the bias compression spring 52 is superior, and The stopper spring 51 is pressed in the direction of the arrow B by the compression spring, and the shape memory alloy compression spring 53 is returned from the expanded state to the compressed state, to the secondary permanent deformation working state. As a result, the driven portion 50 of the stopper 50 is
The c moves from the inclined surface 51a to the flat surface 51b, the stopper portion 50b is pulled in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 6, and the cylinder 15 is no longer pressed. As a result, the stroke of the piston 16 increases and the gap C between the pressure plate 10 and the clutch disc 11 increases, which prevents the clutch from dragging even if the oil viscosity increases at low temperatures. , The clutch is completely disengaged, and the gears are put in and out easily, and the load on the actuator or the like using air can be reduced.

Further, in the present invention, since the stopper device 54 can be mounted without any of the parts protruding from the piston 16, it is not necessary to lengthen the entire length of the hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch 1 and the size can be reduced. The on-vehicle property is good.

Advantageous Effects of Invention The present invention has a cylinder fixed to the crankshaft of the engine as described above, a cylinder fixed to the main body and having a ring-shaped piston for pressing the pressure plate slidably accommodated therein, and an oil contained in the cylinder. In a hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch equipped with a hydraulic device including a hydraulic pump for supplying air, a stopper that slides in the direction of the crankshaft and abuts the tip of the cylinder to limit the stroke of the piston; And a stopper drive body that is slidable in the circumferential direction of the piston and that is attached to one end of the stopper drive body and biases the stopper drive body in one direction. And is attached to the other end of the stopper driving body so as to push the stopper driving body in the other direction to extend the stopper driving body due to a change in temperature. The piston is equipped with a stopper device consisting of a shape memory alloy compression spring that has been remembered, and when the temperature is high, the shape memory alloy compression spring returns to its memory mode, so that the stopper protrudes from the piston and the stroke of the piston increases. When the temperature is low, the biasing compression spring compresses the shape memory alloy compression spring, and the stopper is retracted to increase the stroke of the piston, so that it is possible to prevent the clutch from dragging at low temperatures. In addition, as a result, it is possible to obtain an effect that it is possible to easily carry out gear insertion and gear removal at low temperatures. Further, the above configuration has an effect that the clutch can be quickly connected and disconnected at a high temperature. Further, since the stopper device for limiting the stroke of the piston is provided inside the piston, it is possible to prevent the clutch from dragging at a low temperature and to improve the vehicle mountability of the clutch without increasing the entire length of the clutch. There is an effect that can be done.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings relate to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a vane pump, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a piston equipped with a stopper device. The figure shows a partial side view of the piston showing the stopper device, 5th
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the stopper device, and FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a main part showing an operating state of the stopper device at high temperature and low temperature. 1 is a hydraulic pressure-bonding type clutch, 6 is a crankshaft, 10 is a pressure plate, 12 is a hydraulic device, 15 is a cylinder, 16
Is a piston, 18 is a vane pump which is an example of a hydraulic pump,
50 is a stopper, 50a is a tip, 51 is a stopper driving body, 51c is one end, 51d is the other end, 52 is a bias compression spring, 53 is a shape memory alloy compression spring, and 54 is a stopper device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder fixed to a crankshaft of an engine, a cylinder fixed to the cylinder, in which a ring-shaped piston for pressing a pressure plate is slidably accommodated, and a hydraulic pump for supplying oil to the cylinder. And a stopper for sliding the stopper in the direction of the crankshaft to limit the stroke of the piston by sliding in the direction of the crankshaft and contacting the tip of the cylinder with the cylinder. A stopper drive body having an inclined surface to be moved and slidable in the circumferential direction of the piston; a bias compression spring attached to one end of the stopper drive body for biasing the stopper drive body in one direction; It is attached to the other end of the stopper driving body and urges the stopper driving body in the other direction to memorize so as to expand due to a change in temperature. The stopper device comprising a decorated shape memory alloy compression springs, provided in the interior of the piston,
At a high temperature, the shape memory alloy compression spring returns to its memorized form, so that the stopper protrudes from the piston and the stroke of the piston becomes small, and at a low temperature, the bias compression spring compresses the shape memory alloy compression spring. The hydraulic crimping clutch is configured so that the stopper is pulled in to increase the stroke of the piston.