JPH08199630A - Counter weight for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To facilitate the adjustment of the weight of a counter weight and the position of its center of gravity, the reuse of a heavy article serving as the counter weight in the case of its disuse, and the reduction of industrial wastes and the effective utilization of natural resources by cletachably fixing plural kinds of heavy article blocks being different in specific gravity in a cage body, and properly exchanging the heavy article block when the counter weight is loaded on a vehicle and after then. CONSTITUTION: A counter weight 10 has an about box-shaped cage body 11 formed of steel plate, and many heavy article blocks 12 are accommodated in the cage body 11. The heavy article block 12 has a cubic shape where a vertically piercing through hole is drilledly provided at its center, and uses concrete as main component, and heavy articles being larger in specific gravity than the concrete such as scrap iron is buried in the block 12, and plural kinds of heavy article blocks being the same in shape and different in weight are used by altering a volume ratio between the concrete and the heavy article, and a plurality of heavy article blocks is arranged in every direction in the cage body 11 and fixed with bolts.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a counterweight installed on a hydraulic excavator or other construction machine for balancing the weight of a front working mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A hydraulic excavator is a typical construction machine, and the hydraulic excavator is constructed as shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a lower traveling body,
Reference numerals 2 denote upper revolving structures that are rotatably installed on the lower traveling structure 1. The upper revolving structure 2 is provided with a cab 3 and a front working mechanism 4. The front working mechanism 4 is a boom 4 connected to the upper swing body 2 so as to be able to move up and down.
a and an arm 4b rotatably connected to the tip of the boom 4a in the up-down direction. The tip of the arm 4b is, for example, a bucket 4 as a front attachment.
c is detachably connected.

A machine room 5 in which equipment such as an engine, a hydraulic pump, and a valve assembly is installed is disposed on the rear side of the operator's cab 3 in the upper revolving structure 2, and a counterweight 6 is further provided at the rear end. It is provided. The counterweight 6 is for balancing the weight with the front working mechanism 4, and has a required weight based on the operation of the front working mechanism, its structure, and the weight distribution of the entire vehicle. I am trying to make it.

The counterweight 6 generally has a casing formed of an outer plate made of a metal plate such as an iron plate, and a heavy object is accommodated in the casing. And
As the heavy object, concrete is used as a main component, and the weight is adjusted by adding a heavy substance such as iron scrap having a larger specific gravity than the concrete.

Here, the counterweight 6 must have a predetermined weight and at the same time be able to control the position of the center of gravity of the entire vehicle. In order to be able to adjust the weight and the position of the center of gravity accurately, for example
There is a configuration disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 963. This known counterweight uses an iron block, and the weight of the counterweight and the position of the center of gravity of the vehicle are adjusted depending on how many blocks are arranged in which position in the housing. Then, concrete is further poured into the housing to weld the lid plate.

[0006]

By the way, in the above-mentioned counterweight of the prior art, even if the weight and the position of the center of gravity can be adjusted, they cannot be readjusted after they are hardened with concrete. Therefore, for example, it is necessary to change the weight of the counterweight between when a lightweight member such as a bucket is attached as a front attachment and when a heavy crusher is attached. If attached, an additional weight must be installed on the counterweight. Since the additional weight has a limited installation space and is usually placed on the counterweight, there is a problem that the rear view from the cab is deteriorated, and the additional weight is not always necessary. Cannot be provided. Further, the additional weight may not be able to adjust the position of the center of gravity of the entire vehicle due to restrictions on the installation position. As described above, when the hydraulic excavator is operated in a state where the center of gravity of the entire vehicle is not in an appropriate position, there arises a problem that severe vibration occurs.

Further, if the iron block is hardened with concrete in the housing, it is extremely possible, if not impossible, to separate the outer plate forming the housing from the concrete when the counterweight is discarded. Difficult and it is virtually impossible to separate concrete and the iron blocks embedded within it. Therefore, the counterweight can be discarded as it is, or at most, the outer plate can be separated and reused.
There was also a drawback that it was unable to meet the demands for reduction of industrial waste and effective use of resources.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to allow a heavy object to be detachably accommodated in a casing of a counterweight.
The weight and the position of the center of gravity can be adjusted even after the counterweight is mounted on the vehicle, and substantially all the members can be reused at the time of disposal.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention divides a heavy object housed in a casing surrounded by an outer plate into a plurality of blocks to make a plurality of kinds of different specific gravities. The present invention is characterized in that it is configured as a heavy load block, and that these heavy load blocks are accommodated so as to be detachably fixed in the housing.

[0010]

A plurality of heavy object blocks are sequentially accommodated in the housing. By using the heavy object blocks having different specific gravities, not only the total weight of the counterweight can be adjusted but also the heavy object blocks having different specific gravities can be accommodated in the housing. The position of the center of gravity of the entire vehicle can be changed depending on the position of the vehicle.

In order to manufacture the heavy load block at low cost, it is preferable to use solidified concrete, and it is more preferable to use a plurality of types having the same outer shape but different specific gravities. . Here, the specific gravity can be changed by mixing iron and other heavy substances into the concrete and changing the volume ratio of the concrete and the heavy substances.

The heavy object block is detachably fixed. An appropriate method can be used as a method for fixing the heavy load block. For example, by inserting bolts so as to vertically penetrate a plurality of heavy load blocks and screwing the bolts into the bottom plate of the housing, each heavy load block can be fixed so as not to be misaligned. Further, it is also possible to make a concave and convex engagement between adjacent heavy object blocks vertically, front-rear, or left and right. Further, after accommodating the heavy object blocks, a granular member such as sand is filled to form a casing. The heavy load block can also be fixed by preventing a gap from forming inside the body. Further, if the heavy object block is engaged with the concave and convex parts, and then the gap generated in the housing is further filled with sand or the like, the fixation can be more reliably performed.

As a result, after the hydraulic excavator or the like is installed on the upper swing body of the construction machine, for example, as a front attachment of the hydraulic excavator, the bucket is mounted and the crusher is mounted to perform the work. When it is necessary to increase the weight of the counterweight as in the case such as the case, the weight of the counterweight can be easily increased by replacing the heavyweight block having a small specific gravity with the heavyweight block having a large specific gravity. Also,
In order to change the position of the center of gravity, it is sufficient to adjust the position of the heavy object block having a large specific gravity. It is convenient to arrange a plurality of heavy object blocks in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction and to stack them in multiple stages because the position of the center of gravity can be adjusted in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

When discarding the counterweight, the entire counterweight consisting of the casing made of the outer plate and the heavy block inside is removed from the vehicle. Then, by disassembling the housing, it can be reused as it is as a steel material without requiring work such as peeling off concrete. In addition, heavy blocks can be reused as they are, except those that are significantly damaged. In particular, since the heavy object block is covered by the housing and cannot be seen from the outside, even if it is slightly scratched, it cannot be reused. Therefore, effective use of resources and reduction of industrial waste can be achieved.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a counterweight, which has a bottom plate 11a, a top plate 11b, and a front plate 11c, which are made of steel plates, and has left and right ends bent and a middle part curved. A substantially box-shaped housing 11 including a rear plate 11d
The housing 11 has a large number of heavy object blocks 1
2 are housed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the heavy load block 12 has a through hole 12a vertically passing through the center thereof.
A cubic shape with a hole
A heavy substance 12c such as iron scrap having a larger specific gravity is embedded in the concrete 12b with b as a main component. And concrete 12b and heavy substance 12c
By changing the volume ratio of and, a plurality of types of heavy object blocks having the same shape but different weights are formed.

A large number of heavy object blocks 12 are accommodated in a case 11 in an organized form, and the plan view thereof is as shown in FIG. In the structure shown in this figure, seven heavy object blocks 12 are arranged on the left and right, and the front and rear parts of the rear plate 11c are curved. Therefore, the three intermediate parts are arranged in three rows. , The left and right parts are in two rows. And three layers are vertically stacked. Then, the heavy object block 12 arranged in this manner is fixed by using the bolt 13.
That is, the bottom plate 11a is provided with the screw holes 14,
The bolt 13 penetrates through the through holes 12 a formed in the heavy load blocks 12 provided in multiple stages and is screwed into the screw holes 14.

This embodiment is constructed as described above, and the case 11 is arranged at a predetermined position of the upper swing body 2, but the top plate 11b is removed. Then, by accommodating a required number of the heavy object blocks 12 having an appropriate specific gravity, as shown in FIG. 5, the bolts 13 are inserted into the heavy object blocks 12 stacked in five stages and screwed into the screw holes 14. The heavy object block 12 is fixed by. When all the heavy object blocks 12 are fixed, the upper surface plate 11b is mounted. The upper plate 11b can be fixed to the upper ends of the front plate 11c and the rear plate 11d by welding, or can be detachably fixed using bolts or the like. Since the heavy load block 12 has a cubic shape and the rear plate 11d of the housing 11 has a curved shape, it is unavoidable that a gap is created inside the housing 11. Bolt 1
Since the heavy load blocks 12 are securely fixed by means of No. 3, there is no possibility that these heavy load blocks 12 are misaligned, but in order to further improve the stability, a granular member such as sand is filled in the gap. You can also do it.

Since there are a plurality of types of heavy weight blocks 12 having different specific gravities, the total weight of the counterweight 10 and the position of its center of gravity can be adjusted easily and accurately by appropriately selecting from these. Therefore, the weight of the counterweight 10 can be accurately balanced with respect to the front working mechanism, which improves the safety of work performed using the front working mechanism. In addition, when the counterweight 10 accurately adjusts the position of the center of gravity of the entire vehicle, the vehicle may travel,
When performing work, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of vibration, reduce noise and the like, and ensure the comfort of operation.

When the front attachment is exchanged, it is necessary to adjust the weight of the counterweight 10 and the position of its center of gravity. For this purpose, the top plate 11b forming the casing 11 is removed and the heavy object blocks 12 having different weights are replaced. This allows the counterweight 10 to have a necessary weight. Further, since the plurality of heavy object blocks 12 are arranged in the front, rear, left and right, the center of gravity position of the counterweight 12 can be changed depending on the position of the heavy object block to be replaced, and as a result, the center of gravity position of the entire vehicle can be changed. You will be able to adjust. Therefore, it is not necessary to install an additional weight, so that there is no inconvenience such as deterioration of the rear visual field.

Further, when the entire vehicle or the counterweight is discarded, the heavy object block 12 in the housing 11 can be removed for reuse, and if the housing 11 is also separated from the vehicle, the steel material can be used as it is. Will be reusable as The heavy object block 12 may be damaged or the like if it is used for a long period of time. However, if it is housed in the housing of the counter weight of a new vehicle, it cannot be seen from the outside, so that the heavy object block 12 is not damaged. As a result, even if there are some scratches or the like, it does not cause any particular problem. Therefore, the amount of industrial waste can be reduced,
Effective use of resources is achieved.

Next, FIGS. 6 to 10 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a heavy load housed in a casing 21 constituting the counterweight 20. The block 22 has uneven portions formed on the upper and lower surfaces,
The heavy object blocks adjacent to each other are configured to engage with each other in an uneven manner. Like the heavy load block 12 in the first embodiment described above, the heavy load block 22 also has the same shape by changing the volume ratio of concrete and heavy substance, but a plurality of types having different specific gravities are used. To be

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the heavy load block 22 is provided with arc-shaped projections 22a of 90 ° at four corners on one of the upper and lower surfaces. A circular concave portion 22b corresponding to the circular arc of the convex portion 22a is formed in the center of the other surface. As a result, when four heavy load blocks 22 are arranged in the lower stage, circular convex parts centering on the corners contacting each other are formed.
The convex portion formed on the lower stage is fitted with the concave portion 22b so as to be placed on the heavy object block 22, and the heavy object blocks 22 are sequentially stacked as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. As is clear from these figures, as for the odd-numbered stages, as shown in FIG. 8, a heavy load block 22H that is half of the heavy load block 22 and a 1/4 heavy load block 22Q located at the corners are provided around. To place. Further, in the even-numbered stages, as shown in FIG. 9, the heavy load blocks 22 having the same shape are arranged vertically and horizontally.

As a result, the combined heavy object blocks 22 are mutually regulated, and substantially one block is formed in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. However,
Since there is no regulation in the upward direction, as shown in FIG.
By pressing the pressing plate 23 so as to cover the entire block, screwing the bolt 24 into the upper surface plate 21b forming the housing 21, and pressing the pressing plate 23 to the block by the bolt 24. , Heavy load block 22
Will be fixed. Even in this case, the housing 2
If a gap is created inside 1, the heavy block 2 can be made by filling the gap with a granular member such as sand.
The stability of 2 is further improved.

With the above construction, when the counterweight 20 is mounted on the vehicle, the counterweight 20 can be adjusted so as to have the optimum weight and center of gravity in accordance with the front working mechanism, and the front attachment can be replaced. Also, the weight and the position of the center of gravity can be adjusted. Furthermore, since the heavy object block 22 is detachably housed in the housing 21 of the counterweight 20, it can be reused when the counterweight is discarded.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the heavy load block has the same shape in principle, but this makes it possible to use it for many types of counterweights. The shape of the heavy object block can be substantially fixed by the outer plate of the housing. Also,
When there is almost no gap when the heavy object block is accommodated in the housing, it can be held sufficiently stably only by filling the granular member such as sand.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, a heavy object is divided into a plurality of blocks to form a plurality of kinds of heavy object blocks having different specific gravities, and these heavy object blocks are detachably fixed in a housing. Since it is configured to be housed as described above, it is possible to adjust the weight and the position of the center of gravity when the counterweight is mounted on the vehicle and thereafter, and it is possible to reuse the heavy object at the time of disposal. Play.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing a counterweight according to a first embodiment of the present invention, with a part thereof broken away.

FIG. 2 is an external view of a heavy load block.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a heavy load block.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state where heavy object blocks are arranged in a housing.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view showing a state where the heavy load block is fixed with bolts.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a heavy load block according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the shapes of odd-numbered stages in a state where the heavy load blocks according to the second embodiment are combined.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the shapes of even-numbered stages in a state in which heavy object blocks are combined.

FIG. 10 is a structural explanatory view showing a fixing mechanism of a heavy load block.

FIG. 11 is an external view of a hydraulic excavator as an example of a construction machine to which a counterweight is attached.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10,20 Counterweight 11,21 Housing 12,22 Heavy block 13,24 Bolt 14 Screw hole 23 Holding plate

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An upper revolving structure is rotatably installed on a lower traveling structure. The upper revolving structure is provided with a front working mechanism in the front and a rear part is provided with a weight in a case surrounded by an outer plate. In a construction machine in which a counterweight accommodating an object is installed, the heavy object is divided into a plurality of blocks to form a plurality of kinds of heavy object blocks having different specific gravities, and these heavy object blocks can be removed in the housing. A counterweight for a construction machine, which is configured to be fixedly housed. 2. The heavy load block is a concrete block, and by mixing a heavy substance having a large specific gravity such as iron into the concrete, and changing the volume ratio between the heavy load and the concrete, the specific gravity of each heavy load block is increased. 2. The counterweight for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the counterweight is configured to change. 3. The heavy object block has the same outer shape,
The counter for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of those having different specific gravities are arranged in front and rear and left and right, and are stacked in a plurality of layers vertically to be housed in the casing. weight. 4. The heavy load block is fixed by inserting a bolt through the heavy load block and screwing the bolt into the bottom plate of the housing. Counterweight for the listed construction machinery. 5. The counterweight for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the heavy object blocks are housed in the housing in a state where they are engaged with each other in a concavo-convex manner. 6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a granular member such as sand is filled in a gap generated inside a casing accommodating the heavy load block.
The counterweight of the construction machine as described in any one of 1.