JPH0819553A - Microscope for operation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make microscope for operation small-sized and to enhance the manipulatability thereof by providing the microscope with an optical path changing means for changing a light beam in an arbitrary optical path in a pair of left and right stereoscopic observing optical systems, and enabling the optical path changing means to change its position from one to the other of the observing optical paths. CONSTITUTION:In an operation microscope including a pair of left and right stereoscopic observing optical systems and a display mirror connected one of arbitrary optical paths OR, OL in the optical systems, an optical path deflecting prism 26 for deflecting arbitrary optical paths in the stereoscopic observing optical systems is installed. Further, a prism seat 32 for changing the position of the optical path deflecting prism 26 between the optical paths OR, OL is attached. A ball 42 urged by a spring 41 is made to abut against a pivotal end part of the prism 26 so as to give click feeling during positioning of the prism 26. The position of the prism 26 is changed over in accordance with a position where a side view mirror 43 is connected.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surgical microscope having a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a so-called microsurgery performed under the observation of a surgical microscope of this type, an operation target site has a complicated and fine three-dimensional structure and is often deep inside a body cavity. , Of course, not only the main surgeon, but also the assistant who assists in the observation.

In this case, as the assistant's observation device, there are many side-viewing observation mirrors (side-viewing mirrors) that are used by branching the optical path of either the right or left of the stereomicroscope that the main operator stereoscopically observes. used. In addition, in order to inform the surgical staff other than the assistant of the status of the operation and to carry out the operation efficiently, from the viewpoint of recording the operation process and further education,
It is also practiced to photograph an observation image of a surgical site with a microscope with a TV camera and display it on a monitor.

Such a surgical microscope having a stereoscopic observation optical system having a pair of left and right observation optical paths is specified in, for example, the one disclosed in JP-A-59-50418. A part of the light flux of one observation light path is split by a beam splitter, and the assistant observes the light path of this split light flux by attaching an endoscope for the assistant, and the other light flux of the other observation light path. Is also divided by a beam splitter, and a TV camera adapter or a TV camera is attached to the optical path of the divided light flux to perform TV shooting.

Further, in the surgical microscope of the same kind known in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 40407/1992 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 231950/1992, an observation light path for an assistant branched from one of the specified observation light paths is provided. It is shown that an optical path switching mirror is provided in the optical disk, and the optical path is switched by operating the optical path switching mirror so that photographing can be performed.

[0006]

When performing microsurgery using the above-mentioned conventional surgical microscope,
There are the following problems. Actually, according to each operation, the operation method naturally varies depending on the operation site and operation content. Efficiently according to the contents of each operation
In order to perform surgery safely, a careful surgery plan is prepared in advance, and the position of the assistant is determined based on the positional relationship between the main surgeon and the patient, the contents of assistance to the main surgeon, etc. Will end up.

At this time, depending on the position of the assistant, the mounting position of the side endoscope as the assistant observation device with respect to the body portion of the surgical microscope depends on either the left or right observation optical path in the surgical microscope. Will be selected. further,
Even when the TV photographing device is attached, it must be moved to the optical path on the opposite side depending on the observation optical path to which the assistant side endoscope is attached. In this work, not only the side endoscope but also the TV photographing device has to be exchanged, so that it is difficult for the nurse alone to perform the pre-operative setup work. Furthermore, in the TV photographing device, since it is necessary to process the cable of the TV camera and the like, it is necessary to perform a very troublesome work.

[0008] Further, in the observation device for an assistant having a built-in photographing optical system, the photographing optical system, a 35 mm camera to be mounted, a TV
The size of the assistant's observation device, such as a camera, is inevitably increased, and the assistant must also operate the joint part of the side endoscope in accordance with the operation of changing the observation direction by the main operator. Not only the operability of the assistant is impaired, but also the operability of the main surgeon may be affected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a surgical microscope equipped with a photographing means, which can be miniaturized, is easy to handle, and has good operability. To provide.

[0010]

To achieve the above object, the present invention has a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, and an arbitrary observation optical path of the left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems. In a surgical microscope in which a viewing mirror is connected to one side, an optical path deflecting means for deflecting a light beam of an arbitrary optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, and the position of the optical path deflecting means are set to the left and right pair. The stereoscopic observation optical system includes switching means for switching from one observation optical path to the other observation optical path, and imaging means arranged in the optical path of the light beam deflected by the optical path deflecting means. .
The position of the optical path deflecting unit is switched by the switching unit according to the position where the viewing mirror is connected.

[0011]

【Example】

(First Embodiment) A surgical microscope system to which the first embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 4 schematically shows the entire surgical microscope system. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a base of a gantry installed on the floor of the operating room. The base 1 of the gantry includes a leg 2 movable on the floor of the operating room and a base 3 standing in a columnar shape. Consists of. A moving handle 4 is provided at the upper end of the base portion 3,
A panel 5 provided with various switches and adjustment knobs is provided on the side surface thereof. At the upper end of the base unit 3, the first
One end of the arm 6 is rotatably attached around the rotation center A, and the first arm 6 has a light source unit (not shown) built therein. One end of the second arm 7 is rotatably connected to the other end of the first arm 6 at the rotation center B. The second arm 7 is composed of a pantograph as a parallel link mechanism, the other end side of the second arm 7 is vertically movable, and the balance at each deformed position is maintained by a gas spring (not shown). .

A mirror holding arm 8 is attached to the other extending end of the second arm 7 so as to be rotatable about a rotation center C. A mirror body portion 11 of a microscope, which will be described later, is held by the mirror body holding arm 8, and the mirror body portion 11 is movably attached to the front and rear and the left and right sides by the mirror body holding arm 8. Then, by holding and moving the mirror body portion 11 in a hand, it is possible to perform spatial positioning in an arbitrary direction at an arbitrary position.

Next, the structure of the body portion 11 of the surgical microscope will be described with reference to FIG. The microscope main body 12 of the mirror body portion 11 is provided with a variable magnification optical system 13 in each of a pair of left and right observation optical systems and a common objective lens 14 in the observation optical paths of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems. Has been. Further, a female dovetail groove 16 for connecting an image pickup unit is formed on the upper surface of the microscope body 12 located on the side opposite to the position of the objective lens 14. The male dovetail protrusion 18 protruding from the lower surface of the image pickup unit 17 is fitted into the female dovetail groove 16 so as to detachably connect the two, and the image pickup unit 17 is set to be superposed on the upper surface of the microscope body 12. It is supposed to do.

On the upper side of the image pickup unit 17, the observation lens barrel 2 is provided.
1 is connected. That is, the female dovetail groove 22 is formed on the upper surface of the image pickup unit 17, and the male dovetail projection 23 provided on the lower surface of the observation lens barrel 21 is fitted into the female dovetail groove 22 to make the image pickup unit 17 and the observation lens barrel 21. Are connected in a stacked state. It should be noted that the microscope body 12 and the observation lens barrel 21 are integrally configured, and the image pickup unit 1 is attached thereto.
7 may be detachably attached.

The microscope body 12, the image pickup unit 17 and the observation lens barrel 21 are assembled as shown in FIG. The observation lens barrel 21 is provided with an imaging lens 24, a deflection erecting optical system (not shown) and an eyepiece lens 25 at positions corresponding to the observation optical paths of the pair of left and right observation optical systems, and the microscope body 12 and the observation lens barrel 21. And constitute a stereoscopic observation optical system.

Further, referring to FIG. 2, the image pickup unit 1
7 will be described. The image pickup unit 17 includes a single optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26, a brightness stop (not shown) located on the optical axis 27 reflected by the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26, an imaging lens 28, and An image pickup unit 29 is provided. The imaging unit 29, as described later,
The color separation prism 30 and the R image pickup device 31R, the G image pickup device 31G, and the B image pickup device 31B, which correspond to the respective divided optical paths, are provided in the RGB image pickup system.

The optical path dividing / deflecting prism 26 constitutes an optical path dividing / deflecting means for dividing and deflecting the light beam in the observation optical path. Then, by the following optical path switching means, switching is performed so as to be selectively positioned with respect to one of the observation optical paths OR and OL of the left and right observation optical systems. That is, the prism seat 32 as a movable member that holds the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26 has the reflecting optical axis 2 of the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26.
The image pickup unit main body 3 is rotated by the shaft 33 about the rotation center 7
It is rotatably supported on the bottom wall of No. 4. A cam-shaped inclined surface 36 having an apex 35 protruding in the center is formed at the base end portion of the pivot seat of the prism seat 32. Prism seat 3
The projections 37a, 37
b is formed.

On the other hand, stoppers 38a and 38b for restricting the rotation end position of the prism seat 32 are provided at the left and right positions of the prism seat 32, respectively. The stoppers 38a and 38b are positioning members provided in the image pickup unit 17 so that the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26 can be positioned on the optical path of either the left or right observation optical system, and here, the inner wall surface of the image pickup unit main body 34. It is installed upright.

Further, on the inner wall of the image pickup unit main body 34, facing the pivoting base end portion of the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26,
A ball 42 is provided which is urged to protrude by a compression coil spring 41 as an elastic urging means. The ball 42 abuts on a cam-shaped slope 36 formed at the pivotal base end of the prism seat 32. Therefore, the ball 42 avoids the apex 35 and is located on either side of the cam-shaped slope 36. I'm hitting. As a result, by the switching means, the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26 is rotated to the position of the terminal end that hits either the left or right stopper 38a, 38b, and is positioned and fixed at that position. Figure 2
In this case, the ball 42 pushes the right side portion of the inclined surface 36 to rotate the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26 to the right side, and the ball 42 is positioned and held at the position corresponding to the right side optical path.

On the left and right side walls of the image pickup unit main body 34, for example, mounting openings 44a, 44b for inserting and connecting a connector tip portion 45 of a side view 43 which is a viewing observation device for an assistant.
Is provided. An optical path splitting prism 47 having a reflecting surface 46 for taking in observation light is attached to the connector tip portion 45 of the side endoscope 43.

Then, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a mounting opening 44b corresponding to the observation optical path OL on the left side of the image pickup unit 17.
When the side endoscope 43 is attached to the optical axis dividing deflection prism 26, the tip end 48 of the connector tip portion 45 of the side endoscope 43 pushes against the abutting projection 37b of the optical path splitting deflection prism 26, and pushes the optical path splitting deflection prism 26, It is designed to be located in the observation optical path OR on the right side. The optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26 pushed away is held in the observation optical path OR on the right side by the function of the ball 42 biased by the compression coil spring 41.

The signals obtained by the R image pickup device 31R, the G image pickup device 31G, and the B image pickup device 31B in the image pickup unit 29 of the image pickup unit 17 are obtained by the respective arms 6, 7, of the gantry.
Transmission line and cable 49 guided through the inside of 8
Through a processor 51 installed on a stand 50 other than the mirror mount shown in FIG. The processor 51 controls the image pickup unit 29, and the image pickup unit 2
In order to generate a video signal from the signal photoelectrically converted by 9, the controller 9 has a configuration like a controller described later.
In other words, drive circuit, amplifier circuit, low-pass filter circuit,
It is composed of a process circuit, an encoder circuit, and the like. The video signal output from the processor 51 is output to the monitor 52 and the VTR 53.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the operation when the connector tip portion 45 of the side endoscope 43, which is the assistant viewing mirror, is inserted into the mounting opening 44b on the left side of the image pickup unit 17 and mounted will be described. To do. When the side endoscope 43 having the optical path splitting prism 47 is attached to the image pickup unit 17, the tip 48 of the connector tip portion 45 of the side endoscope 43 pushes the abutting protrusion 37b of the prism seat 32 to push the prism seat 32. Rotate. Then, the slope 3 of the prism seat 32
6 pushes the ball 42 against the force of the compression coil spring 41 via the ball 42 to compress the spring 41. Furthermore, the prism seat 32 rotates and its slope 36
When the ball 42 passes through the apex 35 of, the spring force acts on the prism seat 32 further in this direction,
The prism seat 32 comes into contact with the right stopper 38a, that is, the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26 is positioned on one of the optical paths OR and OL where the side endoscope 43 was not inserted and is stable there. . Therefore, the object light from the surgical site (not shown) passes through the objective lens 14, the variable power optical system 13, and the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26, is observed by the imaging lens 24 and the eyepiece lens 25 with the naked eye, and the optical path is split. The light beam divided and deflected by the deflection prism 26 is imaged by the imaging unit 29 through the imaging lens 28.

The R, G and B image pickup devices 31R of the image pickup unit 29,
31G and 31B are driven by the processor 51, a video signal is generated from the photoelectric conversion output thereof, and are observed by the monitor 52 as an observation image by the observation optical path OR on the right side of the microscope main body 12 and recorded by the VTR 53. .

When the assistant is located on the right side of the main surgeon, the side mirror 43 as a viewing mirror for the assistant can be attached to the attachment opening 44a on the right side of the image pickup unit 17 as in the case described above. In a similar procedure, the tip 48 of the connector tip 45 pushes the abutting protrusion 37a of the prism seat 32, and the prism seat 32 is rotated. This time, the optical path splitting / deflecting prism 26 is positioned on the observation optical path OL of the observation optical system on the left side where the side endoscope 43 is not attached, and the observation optical path O on the left side is positioned.
An image observed by L is observed by the processor 51 and the monitor 52 and recorded by the VTR 53.

With such a configuration, even when performing TV shooting, the shooting unit 17 and the endoscope 43 can be arranged at positions that do not hinder the operation of the surgery, and the shooting unit 17 can be downsized. As a result, a wider operation space is secured, which improves the operability of the operator.

Further, simply by mounting the side-viewing mirror at the selected left-right mounting position of the side-viewing mirror 43, it is possible to perform TV photographing by the other observation optical paths OR and OL located on the opposite side, and the left and right viewing Not only can the light amounts of the optical paths OR and OL be effectively utilized, but also the movement of the TV photographing device by exchanging the mounting position of the endoscope 43 to the left and right, and the processing of the cables are unnecessary, so that the assistant or nurse can be used before the operation. Also, it will be possible to easily set the settings according to the surgery.

Although the processor 51 shown in FIG. 4 is installed on a stand 50 different from the mount for the mirror body, the controller (control unit) of the processor 51 and its power supply unit are mounted on the mount base for the mirror body. It may be provided by being incorporated. FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of the controller. This will be explained below. The controller 54 here is configured mainly for the purpose of improving electrical safety as a surgical microscope system and preventing a failure of the imaging apparatus during preoperative setup.

An image pickup section 29 in the image pickup unit 17 is provided by a transmission cable (not shown) guided to the microscope body section 11 through the insides of the first arm 6, the second arm 7 and the mirror body holding arm 8. The R image pickup device 31R provided in is connected to a drive circuit 56R connected to a synchronous drive circuit 55 including a clock circuit (not shown). Further, an amplifier circuit 57R including a read circuit (not shown) and an amplifier (not shown) according to a timing signal from the drive circuit 56R is connected.
The output of the amplification circuit 57R is the low-pass filter 58.
It is connected to a process circuit 60R including an R image signal generation circuit via the R and γ correction circuit 59R. On the other hand, such a circuit configuration is used in the other G image pickup devices 31G and B of the image pickup unit 29.
Similarly to the R image pickup device 31R, the image pickup device 31B has drive circuits 56G and 56B and amplifier circuits 57G and 57G.
B, low-pass filters 58G and 58B, γ correction circuit 59
The circuit configurations are G, 59B and process circuits 60G, 60B.

The synchronizing circuit 61 is a circuit for generating a synchronizing signal based on the signal from the synchronizing drive circuit 55, and is also output to the encoder circuit 62. Encoder circuit 62
R of each of the process circuits 60R, 60G, and 60B.
An image signal, a G image signal and a B image signal are input.
An RGB output connector 66 for outputting R, G, B image signals by the process circuits 60R, 60G, 60B and a synchronizing signal by the synchronizing circuit 61, and an encoder circuit 62 are provided on the operation panel 5 provided on the base 3 of the gantry. A composite output connector 67 from is provided. A connection cable is connected to the RGB output connector 66 and the composite output connector 67, and a monitor or V
It is designed to be connected to TR.

Power supply circuit 6 in this controller 54
8 is provided in the controller 54, is connected to a primary transformer 69 which is an insulating transformer installed in the base part 3 of the gantry, and shares the insulating transformer.
The power supply circuit 68 is supplied with the secondary-side output voltage of the primary transformer 69, and is insulated from the commercial power supply which is the input of the primary transformer 69.

Therefore, the light taken into the image pickup unit 29 is
It is divided into each color component by the color separation prism 30, and each component is guided to the corresponding R image pickup element 31R, G image pickup element 31G, and B image pickup element 31B. R image sensor 31
At R, photoelectric conversion is performed while being driven by the drive circuit 56R in accordance with the timing signal from the synchronous drive circuit 55. Further, the signal is read out by the amplifier circuit 57R and the signal is amplified. After passing through the low-pass filter 58R, the γ correction circuit 59R performs γ correction, and the process circuit 60R forms a luminance signal. This is the R image signal. Similarly, a G image signal and a B image signal are formed.

The synchronizing circuit 61 forms a synchronizing signal in accordance with the synchronizing drive circuit 55, and the RGB output connector 66 outputs the R, G, B image signals and the synchronizing signal, which are observed by the monitor 52. On the other hand, the encoder circuit 6
2, the composite video signal is formed by the R, G, B image signals from the process circuits 60R, 60G, 60B and the synchronization signal from the synchronization circuit 61, and the output signal is output from the composite output connector 67, and the VTR is output.
It is recorded at 53 etc.

Usually, a TV camera adapter and a TV camera head are combined with a microscope, a monitor,
A connection cable from the TV camera head is connected to a CCU (camera control unit) installed together with the VTR. When the surgical microscope is not used, the connection cable is often removed and stored. Of course, the power switch of the TV camera and the surgical microscope are separate, and you have to connect the connection cables to turn on each power, but in the preoperative setup, you often forget to connect this connection cable. After turning on both powers, you will notice that there is no image on the monitor. At this time, in the TV camera, connecting the connection cable with the power turned on causes a failure.

However, according to this embodiment, the cable 52 is connected to the monitor 52, the VTR 53, etc. by the RGB output connector 66 and the composite output connector 67 provided on the base 3. Since only the video signal is connected, it does not cause a failure regardless of the power-on as described above. Further, the controller 54 is installed in the base unit 3
Primary transformer 6 for power supply for surgical microscope
By sharing 9, the insulation performance is equivalent to that of a surgical microscope, and electrical safety can be secured.

If the controller 54 and the power supply circuit unit 68 as shown in FIG. 5 are incorporated and built in the inside of the base unit 3, the surgical microscope system can be made more compact.

[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Portions having the same configurations as those of the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

As in the case of the first embodiment, the image pickup unit 17 has a male dovetail projection 18 for connection with the microscope body 12 formed on the lower surface thereof, and a female dovetail for connection with the observation lens barrel 21 on the upper surface thereof. A groove 22 is provided.

On the other hand, on the inner bottom wall of the image pickup unit main body 34 of the image pickup unit 17, in order to guide the prism base 71,
A female dovetail groove 72 is formed, and a protruding male dovetail projection portion 73 that engages with the female dovetail groove 72 is formed on the lower surface of the prism pedestal 71. This female dovetail 72
And a male dovetail projection portion 73 guides the prism pedestal 71 so as to linearly reciprocate, and the end surface of the male dovetail projection portion 73 abuts at each end of the female dovetail groove 72, and the prism pedestal at this position. A stopper means for restricting the movement end of 71 is configured.

As shown in FIG. 6, the prism pedestal 71 is
It is formed in a T shape, and a slide guide means is formed at a central end portion 74 thereof, and an optical path dividing / deflecting means 76 is fixedly provided at one end portion of a top end portion 75. Optical path splitting / deflecting means 76
As shown in FIG. 8 when viewed from the direction A in FIG.
A first prism portion 81 is provided at the right end and divides a light beam from below into a light beam 81A in a direction along the optical path direction and a rightward light beam 81R perpendicular thereto, and a first prism portion 81 provided at the left end in the optical path direction. The second prism portion 8 that splits the light beam 82A in the direction along the light beam 82L in the leftward direction perpendicular to the light beam 82A.
2 and a third prism portion 83 that divides the light flux from below from below in a direction along the optical path direction and a third prism portion 83 that splits the light flux in a direction orthogonal to the right and left direction 83D. 82 and 83 are formed to have the same size, and the prism pedestal 7 as a movable member is formed.
1 are joined side by side in the sliding direction.

These prism parts 81, 82 and 83 are
The prism pedestal 71 is provided so as to correspond to the line connecting the right-side observation optical path OR of the observation optical system and the left-side observation optical path OL of the observation optical system, and the prism base 71 is a slide guide means for the female dovetail groove 72 and the male dovetail projection 73. To slide along that line. As shown in FIG. 6A, when the prism pedestal 71 is located on the left side, the first on the right side observation optical path OR of the observation optical system in the microscope body 12.
The prism 81 is located, and the central third prism 83 is located in the right side observation optical path OL on the left side. In addition, FIG.
As shown in (b), when the prism pedestal 71 is located on the right side, the second prism 82 is located on the left observation optical path OL of the observation optical system in the microscope body 12, and the center is located on the right observation optical path OR. The third prism 83 is located. Then, by operating the slide guide means, a switching means for switching to select one of the two positions is configured.

As in the case of the above-described first embodiment, the switching means has a side view, which is an observing device for an assistant, with respect to the mounting openings 44a and 44b provided on the left and right side walls of the image pickup unit main body 34. When the connector tip portion 45 of the mirror 43 is inserted and connected, the tip end 48 of the connector tip portion 45 pushes the side end of the prism pedestal 71 and moves it to the slide end position of the prism pedestal 71 to perform position switching.

Further, an image pickup unit section 84 is attached to the upper surface of the prism pedestal 71. That is, the imaging lens 85 is located on the optical axis of the light beam 83D divided by the third prism portion 83 located in the center, and a color filter (not shown) is provided on the imaging surface of the imaging lens 85. A CCD 87 is arranged. CCD87
Is fixed to a substrate 88, and the substrate 88 is a spacer 89.
It is fixed to the upper surface of the prism pedestal 71 by being attached to the substrate seat 90 via.

FIG. 9 illustrates the configuration of a controller (camera control unit) 91 housed inside the base 3 as in the first embodiment, for example. A drive circuit 92 including a clock circuit (not shown) is connected to the CCD 87 and an amplifier circuit 93, and the amplifier circuit 93 is connected to the output of the CCD 87 of the image pickup unit section 84. The output signal of the amplifier circuit 93 is configured to be output from the output connector 99 as a video signal via the low pass filter 94, the white balance circuit 95, the γ correction circuit 96, the process circuit 97, and the encoder circuit 98, and The power supply circuit 101 for these circuits is also included.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6A, when the side endoscope 43 is attached to the right side attachment opening 44a, the tip 48 of the connector tip 45 of the insertion portion of the side endoscope 43 is a prism. The prism base 71 slides into the state shown in FIG. 6 (a) by hitting and pushing the right end of the base 71. At this time, the first prism portion 81 is positioned on the right side observation optical path OR, and the third split prisms 83 are respectively positioned on the left side observation optical path OL. Therefore, the assistant observes the observation image by the observation optical path OR on the right side through the endoscope 43 with the light flux 81R divided by the first prism 81.

Further, the light beam 83D split from the left observation optical path OL by the third prism 83 is imaged on the imaging surface of the CCD 87 by the imaging lens 85 of the imaging unit section 84. The CCD 87 is driven by the drive circuit 92 and photoelectrically converted. This signal is amplified by an amplifier circuit 93, passed through a low-pass filter 94, white balance is adjusted by a white balance circuit 95, γ correction is performed by a γ correction circuit 96, and a luminance signal and a color difference are obtained by a process circuit 97. A signal is formed, and a video signal is generated by the encoder circuit 98. This video signal is output connector 99
Output from Therefore, the image through the left observation optical path is observed by connecting the video signal to a monitor (not shown).

This explanation is based on the right side mounting opening 44a and the side view 4
3 is mounted, but when it is mounted on the mounting hole 44b on the left side, by inserting the side endoscope 43 on the left side,
As shown in FIG. 6B, the prism base 71 is slid,
The second prism portion 82 on the left observation optical path OL is
The third prism portions 83 are respectively positioned on the observation optical path OR on the right side. In this case, the assistant is the left observation optical path OL.
The observation image obtained by observing is observed through the side endoscope 43, and the observation image in the right observation optical path OR is observed by a monitor (not shown).

In this second embodiment, a normal side-scope without an optical path splitting prism can be used, and TV shooting can also be performed by simply using an image pickup unit instead of the beam splitter unit in the present situation. .

According to the above description, the following can be obtained in addition to the contents described in the claims. (Supplementary Note 1) In a surgical microscope having a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, an optical path deflecting means for deflecting a light beam of an arbitrary optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, and a position of the optical path deflecting means. Switching means for switching from one observation optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems to the other observation optical path, and an imaging means arranged in the optical path of the light beam deflected by the optical path deflecting means. A surgical microscope characterized in that (Supplementary Note 2) In a surgical microscope having a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, an optical path dividing / deflecting means for dividing and deflecting a part of a light beam of an arbitrary optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems. Switching means for switching the position of the optical path dividing / deflecting means from one observation optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems to the other observation optical path, and of the light beams divided and deflected by the optical path dividing / deflecting means. An operating microscope, comprising: an imaging unit arranged in the optical path. (Supplementary Note 3) A surgical instrument having a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems and a pair of connecting portions for connecting accessories such as side endoscopes corresponding to the observation optical paths of the left and right observation optical systems. In the microscope, an optical path deflecting means for deflecting a light beam of an arbitrary optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, and a position where the optical path deflecting means is connected to the accessory of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems. 2. A surgical microscope comprising: switching means for switching from the observation optical path to the observation optical path on the opposite side; and imaging means arranged in the optical path of the light beam deflected by the optical path deflecting means. (Supplementary Note 4) The surgery according to Supplementary Note 3, wherein the switching means is configured to switch the position of the optical path deflecting means by moving the movable member when the accessory is attached to one of the connecting portions. Microscope. (Supplementary Note 5) In the supplementary note 4, the switching means switches the position of the optical path deflecting means by integrally mounting the optical path deflecting means on a movable member and moving the movable member by mounting the accessory. The surgical microscope described. (Supplementary Note 6) The optical path deflecting means and the imaging means are integrally attached to the movable member of the switching means, and the movable member is moved by mounting the accessory to switch the position of the optical path deflecting means. The surgical microscope according to Appendix 4. (Supplementary note 7) The switching means, the optical path deflecting means, and the imaging means are incorporated into the same unit body to form a unit, and the unit body is detachably attached to the microscope body. , Appendix 2
Or the surgical microscope according to any one of Appendix 6. (Supplementary Note 8) The optical path deflecting means is a beam splitter which is provided so as to be movable with respect to the observation optical path of the observation and observation optical system and which is located on the observation optical path and partially deflects a light beam to deflect it. 8. The surgical microscope according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 7. (Supplementary Note 9) A pair of left and right stereoscopic viewing optical systems, an optical path splitting / deflecting means for splitting or deflecting the light flux of the optical path of the viewing optical system, and an image pickup arranged in the optical path split / deflected by the optical path splitting / deflecting means. In a surgical microscope having means, a control unit for the imaging unit and a power supply unit of the surgical microscope are built in a pedestal that supports the surgical microscope, and a video signal output connection unit further supports the surgical microscope. A surgical microscope, characterized in that a transmission cable for connecting the image pickup means and the control unit is provided in the base of the above, and is incorporated in an arm portion of a pedestal that supports the surgical microscope. (Supplementary note 10) The surgical microscope according to supplementary note 9, wherein the control unit for the imaging means shares an insulating transformer built therein to configure a power supply for the surgical microscope.

[0051]

As described above, the present invention has a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, and a viewing mirror is connected to one of the arbitrary observation optical paths of the left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems. In such a surgical microscope, the size of the body of the surgical microscope can be reduced, and a wider operation space can be secured, which is easy to handle and has good operability. A microscope can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of a body portion of a surgical microscope to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration of an image pickup unit in a body portion of a surgical microscope to which the first embodiment is also applied.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a configuration of an image pickup unit in a body portion of a surgical microscope to which the first embodiment is also applied.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration of a surgical microscope system to which the first embodiment is similarly applied.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a surgical microscope system to which the first embodiment is also applied.

6 (a) and 6 (b) are plan views showing a configuration of an image pickup unit in a mirror portion of a surgical microscope to which a second embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a configuration of an image pickup unit in a body portion of a surgical microscope to which the second embodiment is also applied.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the prism of the image pickup unit in the body portion of the surgical microscope to which the second embodiment is also applied.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a surgical microscope system to which the second embodiment is also applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base of a mount, 3 ... Base, 5 ... Panel, 6 ... 1st arm, 7 ... 2nd arm, 8 ... Mirror holding arm, 11
… Mirror body, 12… Microscope body, 17… Imaging unit, 2
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Observation lens barrel, 26 ... Optical path division | segmentation deflection prism, 28 ... Imaging lens, 29 ... Imaging part, 32 ... Prism seat, OR, O
L ... Observation optical path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A surgical microscope having a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, wherein a viewing mirror is connected to one of arbitrary observation optical paths of the left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems. An optical path deflecting means for deflecting a light beam in an arbitrary optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems, and a position of the optical path deflecting means from one observation optical path of the pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems to the other observation optical path. A surgical microscope comprising: a switching means for switching the inside thereof; and an imaging means arranged in the optical path of the light beam deflected by the optical path deflecting means.