JPH08187414A - Adsorption tower - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To markedly reduce an ineffective space volume between a mirror plate and a packing layer to thereby improve the gas separation efficiency of an adsorption tower by connecting a mirror plate connected to the top the bottom of the adsorption tower in such a manner that the mirror plate is connected outwardly curving like a recessed form contrarily to a normal connection form, and connecting a gas inlet/outlet pipe to the mirror plate using plural pipes. CONSTITUTION: A top mirror plate 6 and a bottom mirror plate 5 respectively connected to the top and bottom of a tower structure of an adsorption tower 1 are connected so as to be outwardly curved like a recessed from contrarily to a normal connection from. In addition, the outlet/inlet pipes of various gases are respectively connected to a top pipe header 10 and a bottom pipe header 8 which are respectively located in the upper center and the lower center of the mirror plates. The respective pipe headers communicate with the corresponding mirror plates respectively by top piping 9 and bottom piping 7 arranged in a wall balanced condition. Thus, it is possible to markedly reduce both top and bottom ineffective space volumes 4, 3 between the mirror plates and an adsorbent 2-packing layer. Consequently, the compression-and decompression-pressure volume of the space parts which does not participate directly to the adsorption and desorption in an adsorption and a desorption step, is reduced. This reduction improves the gas separation efficiency in the adsorption tower 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorption column to which a pressure swing or pressure / temperature swing physical adsorption method is applied.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a structure of an adsorption tower 1 of a system to which a pressure swing physical adsorption method is applied as a conventional example. This method utilizes the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent 2 according to the gas component,
By selectively adsorbing a specific gas under pressure and by desorbing and desorbing the adsorbed gas of the adsorbent 2 under reduced pressure,
This is a method for separating and purifying a specific gas, and because the pressure fluctuates periodically, the pressure swing physical adsorption method (Press
ure Swing Adsorption).

An upper end plate 6 and a lower end plate 5 are connected to the upper and lower sides of a column body of a vertical cylindrical adsorption tower 1, and pipes for various gases entering and exiting the adsorption tower 1 are connected at the center of the end plate. . That is, the lower mirror plate 5 is connected to a pipe for supplying the source gas and discharging the desorbed adsorbed gas, and the upper mirror plate 6 is connected to a pipe for discharging or receiving the hardly adsorbed gas. Inside the adsorption tower 1 is the adsorbent 2 inside the tower body except the end plate.
The adsorbent 2 departs from the packed bed in each step such as intake, pressurization process, hardly adsorbing gas discharging process, or desorbing and discharging adsorbed gas under reduced pressure. 11 lower plates and 1 upper plate to prevent them from falling out
Held by two parts. It is considered that the space surrounded by the packed bed and the end plate, that is, the upper ineffective space 4 and the lower ineffective space 3 is structurally unavoidable because of the necessity of pressure resistance of the adsorption tower 1. Is the reality.

[0004]

In the structure of such a conventional adsorption tower, when the volume of the ineffective space including the upper ineffective space and the lower ineffective space is larger than the filling volume of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, Since the space not directly involved in the adsorption must be uniformly pressurized or depressurized, the gas separation efficiency is lowered in the physical adsorption method by the pressure swing or the pressure / temperature swing. Recently, the performance of the adsorbent itself has been improved, and the height of the adsorbent packed bed tends to decrease. On the other hand, the diameter of the adsorption tower does not change because the superficial velocity of the gas is suppressed from the viewpoint of preventing powdering of the agent and is designed to be constant. Therefore, the filling volume of the adsorbent tends to decrease, and the upper and lower ineffective space volumes relatively increase, so the gas separation efficiency is decreasing.

The present invention has been made as a problem to be solved to prevent the relative increase in the upper and lower ineffective space volumes accompanying the improvement in the performance of the adsorbent, and finally the improvement of the gas separation efficiency of the adsorption tower. Is to measure.

[0006]

The present invention adopts the following means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, according to the present invention, end plates for connecting an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe of a target gas are attached to the upper and lower sides of a vertical cylinder type column body, and a plate or a plate for preventing deviation of adsorbent particles is provided above and below the column body. In a pressure swing or pressure / temperature swing physical adsorption method in which an adsorbent is contained in a wire mesh, the end plates connected to the top and bottom of the tower body are connected concavely to the outside, which is the opposite of the usual case, and the gas inlet / outlet The adsorption tower is characterized in that the pipes are connected to each other and the pipes are connected to the end plate by a plurality of distribution pipes.

[0007]

By adopting the above means, the following effects can be obtained, and the problem can be solved. That is, (1) by mounting the upper end plate and the lower end plate concavely with respect to the outside, as compared with the normal case, the upper and lower ineffective space volumes between the end plate and the adsorbent-filled layer are reduced as compared with the case where they are not. It is possible to significantly reduce the amount of pressurization and depressurization of the space portion that is not directly involved in adsorption, and thus the gas separation efficiency of the adsorption tower is improved. (2) Larger pipes are provided outside the upper and lower end plates to connect with various gas pipes entering and exiting the adsorption tower, and the pipes and end plates are connected by a plurality of distribution pipes arranged in a well-balanced manner. It is possible to uniformly supply gas to each part of the adsorbent-packed bed having a wide area upper and lower end faces, which is filled in the diameter column body part, and to discharge the gas uniformly from each part. Contributes to increased separation efficiency. Further, the distribution pipe and the pipe header are installed to reinforce the end plate.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows the pressure swing or pressure
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of an adsorption tower 1 of a temperature swing physical adsorption method, and FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. Contrary to usual, the mirror plates connected to the upper and lower sides of the columnar body of the vertical cylindrical adsorption tower 1, that is, the upper mirror plate 6 and the lower mirror plate 5 are concavely connected to the outside, and connection with various gas inlet / outlet pipes is not possible. The upper header 10 and the lower header 8 located above and below the central portion of the end plate are connected to each other and the end plates and the end plate are connected to each other by well-balanced distribution pipes (upper partial pipe 9 and lower partial pipe 7). are doing. This is as shown in FIG. 2 of the AA arrow view of FIG. In the same figure, the adsorption tower 1 is viewed from below. The connecting gas pipe in the lower center is connected to the lower header 8, and the lower header 8 is connected to the lower end plate 5 in total of five distribution pipes. ing. The joining position with the end plate is one at the center and four at the periphery.

The inside of the adsorption tower 1 is a packed bed of the adsorbent 2 except for the end plate portion, and the adsorbent 2 is filled with the adsorbent 2. The particulate adsorbent 2 is held by the lower part plate 11 and the upper part plate 12 which prevent the particulate adsorbent 2 from deviating from the packed bed and falling off in each step such as the desorbing and discharging process. In the case of this embodiment, since the space surrounded by the packed bed and the end plate, the upper ineffective space 4 and the lower ineffective space 3 uses a mirror formed concave to the outside, it has a smaller volume than the conventional one. Has become.

In the above construction, the first function is that the upper and lower ineffective space volumes 3 and 4 between the end plate and the adsorbent 2 filling layer can be greatly reduced as described above.
During pressurization by the blower of the adsorption tower 1 in the adsorption process or during depressurization by the vacuum pump in the desorption process, the amount of pressurization and depressurization of the space portion that is not directly involved in desorption is reduced, and the waste is eliminated. The gas separation efficiency of the tower 1 is improved.

Further, on the outside of the upper end plate 6 and the lower end plate 5, there are provided headers for fitting various gas pipes entering and exiting the adsorption tower 1, that is, upper headers 10 and lower headers 8, and the headers 8 and 10. By connecting the end plates 5 and 6 with a plurality of distribution pipes 7 and 9 arranged in a well-balanced manner, they are filled in a tower part having a large diameter, and the end surfaces of the upper and lower eye plates 11 and 12 of a large area are filled. It becomes possible to uniformly supply the gas to each part of the adsorbent 2 packed bed and to evenly discharge the gas from each part, which contributes to an increase in the separation efficiency of the adsorption tower 1.
Further, the distribution pipe and the pipe header are installed to reinforce the end plate.

[0012]

As described above, the following effects can be obtained by applying the present invention to an adsorption tower by a pressure swing or pressure / temperature swing physical adsorption method. That is, by mounting the upper and lower end plates in a concave shape with respect to the outside, as opposed to the usual case, it is possible to significantly reduce the ineffective space volume between the end plate and the adsorbent-packed layer, as compared with the case where it is not. Since the amount of pressurization and depressurization of the space portion not directly involved in adsorption is reduced, the gas separation efficiency of the adsorption tower is improved. Furthermore, outside the upper and lower end plates, a pipe header is provided to match various gas pipes entering and exiting the adsorption tower, and the pipes and the mirror plate are connected by a plurality of distribution pipes arranged in a well-balanced manner to provide a large area. The gas can be uniformly supplied to and discharged from each part of the adsorbent-packed layer having upper and lower end surfaces, which contributes to an increase in gas separation efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an adsorption tower according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view on arrow AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional adsorption tower.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vertical cylinder type column body is provided with mirror plates which are respectively connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe of a target gas at the upper and lower sides of the column body. In a pressure swing or pressure / temperature swing physical adsorption method in which an adsorbent is contained in a wire mesh, the end plates connected to the top and bottom of the tower body are connected concavely to the outside, which is the opposite of the usual case, and the gas inlet / outlet The adsorption tower is characterized in that the pipes are connected to each other and the pipes and the end plate are connected by a plurality of distribution pipes.