JPH08178583A - Heat exchanger and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a heat exchanger of which the efficiency is improved by joining the inner surface of a cylinder of the heat exchanger and the end faces of baffle plates. CONSTITUTION: On the occasion when a tube bundle formed by assembling four baffle plates 3 and a large number of heat transfer tubes 5 is inserted into a cylinder 2 of a heat exchanger 1, an insert material of an amorphous alloy leaf is provided as an interposition on the end faces of the four baffle plates 3, and by heating from the outside of the cylinder 2 corresponding to the peripheries of parts of insertion of the baffle plates 3 after the insertion, the baffle plates 3 and the cylinder 2 are diffusion-bonded by brazing. A gap between the baffle plate 3 and the cylinder 2 which has been present heretofore is eliminated and the efficiency of the heat exchanger 1 is improved by the absence of a fluid flowing through this gap.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and a method of manufacturing the same, and relates to a heat exchanger by joining an inner surface of a body of the heat exchanger and an end surface of a baffle plate installed inside the body of the heat exchanger. It aims to improve the efficiency of.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger (shell-and-tube heat exchanger) which is one of heat exchangers, and FIG. FIG. 3 (b) is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a portion A in FIG. 3 (a), and FIG. 3 (c) is a sectional view taken along line B- in FIG. 3 (a).
It is B sectional drawing.

As shown in the figure, a multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1
Has a baffle plate 3 arranged on the inner surface of a cylindrical body 2 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the body for the purpose of increasing the heat transfer coefficient and improving the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
The fixed rod 4 is connected and connected / fixed. Each baffle plate 3 has a shape having a cutout portion obtained by linearly cutting a part of a disc having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the body 2.
The baffle plate 3 in (a) is arranged such that the cutouts are alternately located at the top and bottom.

A plurality of U-shaped tubular heat transfer tubes 5 are held in a state of penetrating these baffle plates 3 in parallel with each other. A hemispherical body side end plate 6 is welded to one end 2a of the body 2 on the right side in the drawing. A flange 2b is provided on the other end of the body 2 on the left side in the drawing. On the left side of the body 2, a hemispherical tube-side end plate 8 is fastened by bolts 8b and nuts 8c which penetrate the respective flanges 2b, 8a. A disc-shaped tube sheet 7 is held between the flanges 2b and 8a in a sandwiched state to form a pressure-resistant container structure. Each heat transfer tube 5 penetrates the tube plate 7 and a penetrating portion is welded, and each heat transfer tube 5 communicates with a space formed by the tube plate 7 and the tube side end plate 8.

The tube-side end plate 8 is divided into upper and lower two chambers 10 and 11 by a partition plate 9, and these two chambers 10 and 11 are separated from each other.
Reference numeral 11 communicates with the inlet side 5a and the outlet side 5b of the heat transfer tube 5 composed of a plurality of U-shaped tubes, respectively. The partition plate 9 is welded to the inner surface of the tube-side end plate 8 and fitted and fixed in the groove portion 7 a provided in the tube plate 7.

Further, body side nozzles 12 and 13 communicating with the inner space of the body 2 are welded to one end and the other end of the side portion of the body 2 to form an inlet and an outlet for the extracorporeal fluid, On the other hand, the tube-side nozzle 14 communicating with the upper chamber 10 and the tube-side nozzle 15 communicating with the lower chamber 11 are welded to the tube-side end plate 8 to form an inlet and an outlet for the fluid in the tube. Reference numeral 16 is a supporting leg of the heat exchanger 1.

Such a multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1 is manufactured in the following order. First, a large number of heat transfer tubes 5 are inserted in parallel at a predetermined position inside the body 2 which is fixed by welding, for example, so that the body side nozzles 12 and 13 communicate with each other. The plurality of baffle plates 3 and the tube plate 7 (tube bundle) held in this state are inserted. At the time of insertion, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c), in order to prevent catching between the inner surface of the body 2 and the end surface of the baffle plate 3, the outer edge portion at the center of the arc portion of the baffle plate 3 is prevented. The long plate-shaped bundle runners 17 are fitted into the fitting portions 3a provided in, and at the time of insertion, at least two upper and lower bundle runners 17 come into contact with the inner surface of the body 2, and the end surface of the baffle plate 3 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the body 2. Avoid direct contact.

After the insertion, the flange 2b of the body 2 and the tube plate 7 and the tube-side end plate 8 are aligned and fastened with bolts 8b and nuts 8c, and the body-side end plate 6 is welded to the end surface 2a of the body 2, for example. Fixed by.

The fluid in the pipe for heat exchange is the pipe side nozzle 14 →
Upper chamber 10 → heat transfer tube inlet side 5a → heat transfer tube 5 → heat transfer tube outlet side 5b
→ The lower chamber 11 → the pipe side nozzle 15 flows in this order, and the other external fluid flows in the order of the cylinder side nozzle 12 → the inside of the body 2 → the cylinder side nozzle 13. In particular, inside the body 2, the other fluid flows through the notches provided in each baffle plate 3,
As shown by the solid line arrow, it meanders vertically and flows,
Heat exchange is performed by contacting the heat transfer tube 5.

[0010]

In this conventional multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1, the bundling plate 3 is provided by the bundle runner 17.
Is separated from the inner surface of the body 2, and as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the end surface of the baffle plate 3 and the body 2 are separated from each other.
A gap 18 is inevitably formed between the inner surface and the inner surface. Therefore, a part of the fluid that originally flows while meandering vertically in the body 2 as indicated by the solid arrow in FIG.
FIG. 3A and FIG. 3 without meandering along the inner surface of the body 2.
As shown by the broken line arrow in (b), it will pass through this gap 18 linearly. Therefore, the total amount of the fluid that heat-exchanges by flowing in the body 2 while contacting with the heat transfer tube 5 decreases, and the efficiency of the heat exchanger 1 decreases.

Therefore, there is an attempt to bolt an annular tongue to the outer edge portion of the baffle plate 3 and to bring the tongue into contact with the inner surface of the body 2 to prevent the fluid flow in the gap 18. Therefore, the efficiency of the heat exchanger 1 could not be improved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and joins the inner surface of the body of the heat exchanger and the end surface of the baffle plate installed inside the body of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a heat exchanger having improved efficiency and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0013]

A heat exchanger according to the present invention includes a tubular body, a plurality of baffles arranged longitudinally on the inner surface of the body, and a plurality of baffles for each baffle. A heat exchanger comprising a plurality of heat transfer tubes inserted and held in parallel, wherein an inner surface of the body and an end surface of the baffle plate adjacent to the inner surface on the side opposite to the flow path are liquid phase diffusion bonded. It is characterized by

On the other hand, in the method for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the present invention, a plurality of heat transfer tubes are inserted into a cylindrical body at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tubes and are held in parallel. When manufacturing a heat exchanger by inserting a baffle plate, before inserting the baffle plate, insert an insert material made of an amorphous alloy foil on each end face of the plurality of baffle plates adjacent to the inner surface of the body. Aside
After inserting the baffle plate with the insert material being interposed between the end faces, the plurality of baffle plates and the body are liquid-phase-diffused by heating the outside of the body where the end faces are close to each other. It is characterized by joining.

[0015]

In the heat exchanger according to the present invention, the inner surface of the body and the end surface of the baffle plate on the side opposite to the flow passage which is close to the inner surface are liquid-phase diffusion-bonded, and there is a gap between the body and the baffle plate. Therefore, all of the fluid flowing inside the body flows meandering through the baffle plate and comes into contact with the heat transfer tube, thus contributing to heat exchange.

Further, in the heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the present invention, when the baffle plate is inserted into the body, an insert material made of an amorphous alloy foil is interposed at the end face of the baffle plate, and the insert material is inserted. The liquid phase diffusion bonding is performed by inserting and heating the baffle plate with the baffle intervening on the end face, and the plurality of baffle plates and the body are heated by the heat from the outside of the body after assembly. Phase diffusion bonding is performed so that no gap is created.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment in which the heat exchanger according to the present invention is applied to a multi-tubular cylindrical heat exchanger,
1A is a vertical cross-sectional view, FIG. 1B is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an enlarged portion A of FIG. 1A, and FIG.
It is a BB sectional view in (a). Since the heat exchanger according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has almost the same configuration as the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

The multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention comprises:
For the purpose of increasing the heat transfer coefficient and improving the efficiency, a plurality of baffle plates 3 (in this embodiment, four baffle plates 3) are provided on the inner surface of the tubular body 2 at a predetermined distance in the body axis direction. The baffle plates 3 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction, and the baffle plates 3 are connected and fixed to the fixing rods 4. Each baffle 3
Is a shape having a notch formed by linearly cutting a part of a disk having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the body 2, and each baffle plate 3
Are arranged so that the cutouts are alternately located above and below.

It is not necessary to limit the number of baffle plates 3 to be installed, the interval between the baffle plates 3 and the size of the cutouts to a specific value, and it is appropriate according to the capacity required for the multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1. It is determined.

In this embodiment, one of the end faces of the baffle plate 3 that is close to the inner face of the body 2, that is, the end face on the side opposite to the flow path excluding the notch, is a diffusion diffusion type. It is joined to the inner surface of the body 2 through the joint portion 19 by contact. That is, each baffle plate 3 is separated from the inner surface of the body 2 by the two upper and lower bundle runners 17 installed to secure the sliding during insertion as described above. The separated portions are completely joined by diffusion brazing, and the gap 18 in FIG. 3C is not formed.

Here, the liquid phase diffusion bonding means a bonding method using an insert material that melts at a bonding temperature, and the diffusion brazing means a brazing method using an amorphous alloy foil as the insert material.

In the present specification, in order to clarify that the gap 18 between the baffle plate 3 and the body 2 does not occur in the heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention, in FIG. 1, the baffle plate 3, the body 2 are shown. Although the joint portion 19 and the joint portion 19 are completely distinguished from each other, in practice, the element contained in the baffle plate 3 and the element contained in the body 2 are completely diffused in the joint portion 19 and the diffusion brazing is performed. There is no boundary layer such as the joint portion 19 shown between the baffle plate 3 and the body 2 after being subjected to.

A plurality of U-shaped heat transfer tubes 5 are held in a state of penetrating these baffle plates 3 in parallel with each other. Although the U-shaped tube is used as the heat transfer tube 5 in the present embodiment, the heat transfer tube 5 is not limited to this mode, and a linear heat transfer tube may be used.

Further, a hemispherical body side end plate 6 is welded to one end 2a of the body 2. A flange 2b is provided on the other end of the body 2 on the left side in the drawing. On the left side of the body 2, a hemispherical tube-side end plate 8 is fastened by bolts 8b and nuts 8c which penetrate the respective flanges 2b, 8a. A disc-shaped tube sheet 7 is held between the flanges 2b and 8a in a sandwiched state to form a pressure-resistant container structure. Each heat transfer tube 5 penetrates the tube plate 7 and a penetrating portion is welded, and each heat transfer tube 5 communicates with a space formed by the tube plate 7 and the tube side end plate 8.

The tube-side end plate 8 is divided into upper and lower two chambers 10 and 11 by a partition plate 9, and these two chambers 10 and 11 are separated from each other.
Reference numeral 11 communicates with the inlet side 5a and the outlet side 5b of the heat transfer tube 5 composed of a plurality of U-shaped tubes, respectively. The partition plate 9 is welded to the inner surface of the tube-side end plate 8 and fitted and fixed in the groove portion 7 a provided in the tube plate 7.

Further, the body side nozzles 12 and 13 communicating with the inner space of the body 2 are welded to one end and the other end of the side portion of the body 2 to form an inlet and an outlet of the extracorporeal fluid, On the other hand, the tube-side nozzle 14 communicating with the upper chamber 10 and the tube-side nozzle 15 communicating with the lower chamber 11 are welded to the tube-side end plate 8 to form an inlet and an outlet for the fluid in the tube. Reference numeral 16 is a supporting leg of the heat exchanger 1.

Next, a method of manufacturing the multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an outline of a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) shows the tube bundle before it is inserted into the body, and FIG. 2 (b) shows it. 2 (d) shows the time when the outer surface of the fuselage is being heated after the tube bundle has been inserted, after fastening the tube bundle to the body, and FIG.
2B is an enlarged view of the circled portion in FIG. 2B, and FIG.
It is an enlarged view of the circle mark part of (d). In the description of FIG. 2, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

First, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the body side nozzles 12 and 13 are joined, for example, by welding so as to communicate with the inside of the tubular body 2 at two locations on the outer periphery thereof.
A hemispherical body side end plate 6 is fixed to the other end of the body 2 by, for example, welding.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the tube plate 7 and the four baffle plates 3 are sequentially arranged from the end so that the cutouts of the baffle plate 3 are alternately arranged vertically. The heat transfer tube through holes (not shown) formed in a large number in each baffle plate 3 and the tube plate 7 by fixing the U-shaped tubular heat transfer tube 5 from the baffle plate 3 side closest to the end. 7 sequentially and by inserting all the heat transfer tubes 5, the heat transfer tubes 5 composed of a large number of U-shaped tubes are inserted in parallel at a plurality of positions in the heat transfer tube longitudinal direction, and the baffle plate 3 and The tube bundle 20 held by the tube sheet 7 is assembled. Only the penetrating portion between the tube plate 7 and the heat transfer tube 5 is welded, and in order to cope with the thermal expansion of the heat transfer tube 5, the baffle plate 3 is not joined and is penetrated.

The tube bundle 20 thus assembled is inserted into the body 2 described above. At the time of this insertion,
As shown in (b), in order to prevent the inner surface of the body 2 and the end surface of the baffle plate 3 from being caught, a long plate-shaped bundle runner 17 is provided at each fitting portion provided at the outer edge portion of the center of the arc portion of the baffle plate 3. 2 are fitted and abutted against the surface of the tube sheet 7, and as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the end surface excluding the notch of each baffle plate 3 and a gap between the inner surface of the body 2 An insert material 21 made of an amorphous alloy foil is interposed between the two.

Although the number of the bundle runners 17 is two in this embodiment, it may be one or three or more, and the number is not limited to two.

The amorphous alloy foil which is the insert material 21 is composed of Fe, Si, B, P, Cr, Mo and W.
For example, a Ni-based alloy, to which a melting point-decreasing element such as Al is appropriately added, is melted in a melting furnace, and the Ni-based alloy in a molten state is jetted as a thin jet on a rotating wheel for rapid cooling, and then about 10
It is manufactured by the so-called rapid solidification method in which the material is rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of 0,000 ° C / sec. The width of the amorphous alloy foil is preferably larger than the thickness of the baffle plate 3 in order to prevent the amorphous alloy foil from falling off when it is inserted into the end face of the baffle plate 3 and is, for example, 3 to 5 of the thickness of the baffle plate 3. Double the amount.

In the present invention, the amorphous alloy foil is used as the insert material 21 because the amorphous alloy foil does not contain inclusions such as oxides and is excellent in surface activity, fluidity, and gap permeability. This is because the amorphous alloy foil is highly flexible and can be easily made to follow the circumferential end surface of the baffle plate 3 and held.

In order to interpose this amorphous alloy foil on the end face of the baffle plate 3, for example, by utilizing the flexibility of the amorphous alloy foil, two surface sides facing each other around the end face of the baffle plate 3 (FIG. 2C). It can be illustrated that it is folded back to the arrow side). It is desirable that no amorphous alloy foil is interposed between the bundle runner 17 and the inner surface of the body 2 in order to ensure slippage during insertion.

In this way, the baffle plate 3 in which the insert material 21 made of the amorphous alloy foil is interposed on each end surface except the cutout portion (preferably, the end surface of the bundle runner 17) 3, the U-shaped tubular heat transfer tubes 5 and The tube bundle 20 formed by assembling the tube sheet 7 is inserted from the baffle plate 3 side to the inner surface of the body 2 until the surface of the tube sheet 7 abuts the flange 2b of the body 2. Then, the tube-side end plate 8 is fitted to the outside of the tube plate 7, and the body 2, the tube plate 7 and the tube-side end plate 8 are fastened by the bolts 8b and the nuts 8c.

After the tube bundle 20 is fixed, the portion of the outer surface of the body 2 to which the end surface of the baffle plate 3 is heated is heated. The heating range needs to heat the outside of the body 2 where the end surface of the baffle plate 3 is close, but it is not limited to this range, and for example, the entire outer surface of the body 2 may be heated. .

Since the melting point depressing elements such as Si and B are added to the amorphous alloy foil as the insert material 21 as described above, the melting point of each of the body 2 and the baffle plate 3 which are the base materials is lower than the melting point by heating. The amorphous alloy foil melts at a temperature, but neither the baffle plate 3 nor the body 2 which is the base material melts or deforms. After that, when isothermal holding is performed, mutual diffusion occurs between the molten amorphous alloy and the body 2 and the baffle plate 3, and due to the presence of the melting point depressing element, it is finally isothermally solidified, as shown in FIG. As described above, the joint portion 19 which is a diffusion layer is formed, the diffusion brazing is completed between the inner surface of the body 2 and the end surface of the baffle plate 3, and finally the multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured.

In this embodiment, since the heating device is capable of performing partial heating, the high-frequency heating device 22 is used, and the annular heating coil 23 of the high-frequency heating device 22 is used to form the baffle plate 3 on the outer surface of the body 2. Although heating was performed so as to cover the portion corresponding to the installation, this high-frequency heating device 22 does not necessarily have to be used, and the insert material 21 made of an amorphous alloy foil interposed on the end surface of the baffle plate 3 is kept at a predetermined temperature. Any heating device capable of heating to above can be used.

In the multi-tubular cylindrical heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the fluid in the tube is as follows: tube side nozzle base 14 → upper chamber 10 → heat transfer tube inlet side 5a → heat transfer tube 5 → heat transfer tube outlet side 5b. → Lower chamber 11 →
It flows in order of the pipe side nozzle 15. The other external fluid flows in the order of the body side nozzle 12, the body 2, and the body side nozzle 13. In the shell-and-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, since no gap 18 is formed between the baffle plate 3 and the inner surface of the body 2, all the fluid flowing inside the body 2 is in each of the baffles. Fluid that passes through the cutouts provided in the plate 3, meanders in the vertical direction as shown by solid and broken arrows in FIG. 1, and flows between the inner surface of the body 2 and the end surface of the baffle plate 3. Will not occur.

Therefore, of the fluid flowing inside the body 2, there is no fluid that flows between the inner surface of the body 2 and the end surface of the baffle plate 3 and does not come into sufficient contact with the heat transfer tube 5, and the heat passing through the heat transfer tube 5 is eliminated. The amount transferred is increased by 10 to 15% compared to the conventional case.

In this way, according to the multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger 1 to which the heat exchanger according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is applied, the efficiency of the heat exchanger can be improved by about 10 to 15%. However, if the capacity of the heat exchanger is kept constant, the entire heat exchanger can be downsized by the amount that the efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved.

In the heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the present invention, when liquid-phase diffusion bonding of the baffle plate 3 and the body 2 is performed,
Since it is only necessary to heat the outer surface of the body 2 after inserting the baffle plate 3 into the body 2 as the tube bundle 20, the baffle plate 3 and the body 2 can be joined easily and reliably.

[0045]

In the heat exchanger according to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, since the inner surface of the body and the end surface of the baffle plate adjacent to the inner surface are liquid-phase diffusion-bonded to each other so that no gap exists, the body is formed. Since all of the fluid flowing in the inside of the baffle flows meandering through the baffle plate and contacts the heat transfer tube, the efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved.

In the heat exchanger according to the first aspect of the present invention, the heat exchanger can be made smaller than the conventional one if the capacity of the heat exchanger is about the same as the conventional one.

In the heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the baffle plate is inserted into the body, an insert material made of an amorphous alloy foil is interposed between the end faces of the baffle plate. Since this insert material is inserted in the end face of the baffle plate, the baffle plate is inserted, and the liquid phase diffusion bonding is performed by heating the outside of the body, so that each baffle plate and the body are liquid phase diffusion bonded. As a result, a gap is not generated, and since it is only necessary to heat the outer surface of the body after inserting the baffle plate as a tube bundle into the body, the baffle plate and the body can be joined easily and reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which a heat exchanger according to the present invention is applied to a multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger, FIG. 1 (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view, and FIG. 1 (b) is FIG. FIG. 1A is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing the portion A of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1C is BB in FIG.
It is sectional drawing.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an outline of a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) before inserting the tube bundle into the body, and FIG. 2 (b) after inserting the tube bundle. 2 (d) shows the time when the outer surface of the body is being heated, after fastening the tube bundle to the body, and FIG. 2 (c) is an enlarged view of the circled portion of FIG. 2 (b). FIG. 2 (e) is an enlarged view of the circled portion in FIG. 2 (d).

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a multi-tube cylindrical heat exchanger that is one of the heat exchangers, FIG. 3 (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view partially including an outer surface, and FIG. 3 (b) is FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a portion A, and FIG. 3 (c) is a sectional view taken along line B- in FIG. 3 (a).
It is B sectional drawing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 heat exchanger 2 body 3 baffle plate 5 heat transfer tube 21 insert material

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tubular body, a plurality of baffles arranged longitudinally on the inner surface of the body, and a plurality of transmission members inserted in the plurality of baffles and held in parallel with each other. A heat exchanger comprising a heat pipe, wherein an inner surface of the body and an end surface of the baffle plate adjacent to the inner surface on the side opposite to the flow path are liquid-phase diffusion bonded. 2. When manufacturing a heat exchanger having a plurality of baffle plates for holding a plurality of heat transfer tubes in a parallel state by inserting a plurality of heat transfer tubes at a plurality of positions in the heat transfer tube longitudinal direction inside a tubular body, Before inserting the baffle plate, an insert material made of an amorphous alloy foil is intervened on each end surface of each of the plurality of baffle plates adjacent to the inner surface of the body, and the insert material remains in the end surface. After the insertion of the baffle plate, the outside of the body close to the end face is heated to perform liquid phase diffusion bonding between each of the plurality of baffle plates and the body to manufacture a heat exchanger. Law.