JPH08178358A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To conduct cooling without operating any compressor, and reduce power consumption by a method wherein a water side heat exchanger is arranged at a position higher than that of an air side heat exchanger and the circulation loop of refrigerant, operated by a weight difference between refrigerant solution and gas, is formed. CONSTITUTION: A water side heat exchanger 3 is arranged at a position higher than that of an air side heat exchanger 4. When low-temperature water is supplied from a water pipeline system 12 into the water side heat exchanger 3, refrigerant is liquiefied. In the air side heat exchanger 4, indoor air is supplied by a fan and refrigerant is evaporated and gasified. In this case, when a gas bypass valve 8 and a liquid bypass valve 10 are opened, one series of loop, connecting water side heat exchanger 3 → expansion valve bypass pipe 11 →air side heat exchanger 4 → heat communicating pipe 9 → water side heat exchanger 3, is formed and the circulation of refrigerant is generated due to a weight difference between the refrigerant soluting and gas. Accordingly, cooling operation can be effected without operation any compressor 1, whereby a power consumption can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for air conditioning a building using a plurality of water heat source heat pump air conditioners (hereinafter referred to as "air conditioners"), and particularly to a power consumption when the outside air temperature is low. It enables reduction and contributes to energy saving.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a water heat source unitary heat pump air-conditioning system is known as an air-conditioning apparatus for air-conditioning a building using a plurality of air conditioners, and it is widely used as an air-conditioning system capable of freely heating and cooling throughout the year. It is used. Further, as an example of energy saving, there is known Japanese Patent Application No. 61-264309, in which a refrigerant pipe is laid in a building to utilize natural circulation of the refrigerant.

[0003]

The internal heat generation is increasing due to the diversification and intelligent use of buildings, and the number of buildings mainly for cooling is increasing even in winter. This tendency is particularly noticeable in stores. In the conventional water heat source unitary heat pump air conditioning system, cooling operation in winter was possible, but power consumption was required to operate the compressor.

As an example of energy saving, a refrigerant pipe is laid in a building to utilize the natural circulation of the refrigerant. However, since a large amount of refrigerant is used, there are many connection points for on-site construction. If a refrigerant leak occurs in the event of an accident, suffocation may affect human life, and depending on the type of refrigerant, it may lead to environmental protection problems such as ozone depletion and global warming. There was a problem.

The present invention makes it possible to perform cooling operation without operating the compressor when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter, and to reduce the power consumption while preventing the danger of a large amount of refrigerant leakage and to realize energy saving. Is intended.

[0006]

The air conditioner of the present invention is an air conditioner comprising a compressor, a four-way valve, a water side heat exchanger, an air side heat exchanger expansion valve, and a blower, which is a water side heat exchanger. Is placed at a position higher than the air side heat exchanger, and a heat exchange communication pipe and a gas bypass valve connecting the water side heat exchanger and the air side heat exchanger, and an expansion valve bypass pipe and a liquid bypass valve connecting before and after the expansion valve. An air conditioner equipped with and is installed in a building, and these are connected by a single water piping system.

[0007]

When the outside air temperature is low such as in winter, low temperature water can be easily obtained by the cooling tower provided in the water piping system.
When low temperature water is supplied to the water side heat exchanger in the air conditioner, the refrigerant is liquefied. On the other hand, in the air-side heat exchanger, the indoor air is supplied by the blower, and the refrigerant evaporates and gasifies. At this time, when the gas bypass valve and the liquid bypass valve are opened, a series of loops connecting the water side heat exchanger → the expansion valve bypass pipe → the air side heat exchanger → the heat exchange communication pipe → the water side heat exchanger are formed, Circulation of the refrigerant occurs due to the difference in weight between the refrigerant liquid and the gas, and cooling can be performed without operating the compressor.

[0008]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG.
Shows an air conditioner of the present invention. The air conditioner 7 includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a water side heat exchanger 3, an air side heat exchanger 4, and an expansion valve 5.
The blower 6 forms a heat pump. The water side heat exchanger 3 is arranged at a position higher than the air side heat exchanger 4, and the heat exchange communication pipe 9 connecting the water side heat exchanger 3 and the air side heat exchanger 4, the gas bypass valve 8, and the expansion valve 5 are arranged. The expansion valve bypass pipe 11 and the liquid bypass valve 10 that connect the front and the rear of the above are provided to form a refrigerant circulation loop due to a difference in weight between the refrigerant liquid and the gas.

The air conditioner has different shapes such as a ceiling suspension type, a floor standing type and a ceiling concealing duct type depending on the installation position or application.

A similar function can be provided even in a cooling-only one that does not have the four-way valve 2.

The same effect can be obtained by using a capillary tube instead of the expansion valve.

FIG. 2 shows an arrangement system of air conditioners constituting the air conditioner. The air conditioners 7 are distributed in the building and connected to the water piping system 12. Water piping system 12
A circulation pump 15, a cooling tower 13, an electric three-way valve 14, an auxiliary heat source 16, and an electric three-way valve 17 are arranged in the air conditioner, and the states of the water temperature detection sensor 18 and the outside air temperature and humidity sensor 19 sent to the control system 20 and the operating conditions of each air conditioner are shown. The optimum water temperature is controlled by.

[0013]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects.

In a heat pump air conditioner formed by a compressor, a four-way valve, a water side heat exchanger, an air side heat exchanger, an expansion valve and a blower, the water side heat exchanger is placed at a position higher than the air side heat exchanger. Arranged to form a loop by providing a heat exchange communication pipe connecting the water side heat exchanger and the air side heat exchanger, a gas bypass valve, and an expansion valve bypass pipe and a liquid bypass valve connecting before and after the expansion valve. Thus, by slightly increasing the cost, the cooling operation can be performed without operating the compressor due to the circulation of the refrigerant due to the weight difference between the refrigerant liquid and the gas.

This effect can be realized when the outside air temperature is low such as in winter. In general, when the outside air temperature is low, only the internal heat generation is targeted as the cooling capacity, so the capacity obtained by this natural circulation is sufficient. The power consumption at this time is mainly reduced by the circulation pump, the cooling tower blower, and the air blower of the air conditioner, and is much smaller than the cooling operation by the normal compressor.

The refrigerant filling amount of this air conditioner is about the same as that of the integrated heat pump air conditioner, which is much smaller than that of the natural circulation system for the entire building, and should a refrigerant leak occur, Also, it has an effect from the viewpoint of global environment conservation without concern that it will affect human life.

Even in the season when the outside air temperature is low in the morning and evening, such as in spring and autumn, if the natural circulation can cope with it, if the load increases and the capacity becomes insufficient,
Both bypass valves are closed and the compressor is operated to perform normal cooling operation to maintain the indoor condition.

These functions can be obtained similarly even in a cooling-only model that does not have a four-way valve if the other configurations are the same.

When there is a request for heating operation, heating operation can be performed by closing both bypass valves and switching the four-way valve. At this time, waste air discarded from other air conditioners during cooling operation into circulating water. The heat is effectively used.

The control system grasps the temperature and humidity conditions of the outside air and the operating conditions such as the cooling and heating operation ratios of the air conditioner, and controls the water temperature so that the efficiency of the entire system in that condition is maximized. To do.

As described above, the air-conditioning apparatus can be realized which is energy-saving, safe, economical, and has little impact on the environment by reducing the power consumption by the natural circulation operation, effectively utilizing the waste heat, and operating the system at the maximum efficiency. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an internal configuration diagram of an air conditioner.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Compressor 2 Four-way valve 3 Water side heat exchanger 4 Air side heat exchanger 5 Expansion valve 7 Air conditioner 8 Gas bypass valve 9 Heat exchange connection pipe 10 Liquid bypass valve 11 Expansion valve bypass pipe 12 Water piping system 13 Cooling tower 19 Outdoor temperature and humidity sensor 20 Control system

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A compressor (1) four-way valve (2) water-side heat exchanger (3) air-side heat exchanger (4) expansion valve (5) blower (6)
In the air conditioner consisting of, the water side heat exchanger (3) is arranged at a position higher than the air side heat exchanger (4), and the water side heat exchanger (3) and the air side heat exchanger (4) are connected. The heat exchange communication pipe (9) and the gas bypass valve (8), the expansion valve bypass pipe (11) connecting the front and rear of the expansion valve (5), and the liquid bypass valve (1)
0) is installed in a building, and a water pipe system (12) of one system for connecting them and a control system (20) are provided. .