JPH08177421A - Valve seat and its manufacture - Google Patents
Valve seat and its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08177421A JPH08177421A JP33716294A JP33716294A JPH08177421A JP H08177421 A JPH08177421 A JP H08177421A JP 33716294 A JP33716294 A JP 33716294A JP 33716294 A JP33716294 A JP 33716294A JP H08177421 A JPH08177421 A JP H08177421A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sheet material
- seat
- welding
- valve seat
- thin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、内燃機関において
吸、排気バルブと着座するバルブシート、及びそのバル
ブシートの製造方法に関し、詳しくは、シート部に粉体
肉盛溶接による硬化層を施すものに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve seat that seats on an intake valve and an exhaust valve in an internal combustion engine, and a method for manufacturing the valve seat. More specifically, the seat is provided with a hardened layer by powder overlay welding. Regarding
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、内燃機関は、例えば図５に示す
ようにシリンダヘッド１の燃焼室の吸、排気ポート２に
吸、排気バルブ３が、ガイド４により移動可能に支持し
て設けられる。この場合にポート２は環状の溝５が形成
され、この溝５にシリンダヘッド１と異なる耐熱性のバ
ルブシート１０が圧入して一体的に取付けられる。バル
ブシート１０はリング状のシート本体１１にポート２と
同一寸法の孔１２を有し、この孔１２の一方にシート部
１３が円錐状に開口して形成され、このバルブシート１
０がバルブ３のヘッド３ａと同軸上に配置される。そし
て、機関運転時にバルブスプリングによりバルブ３のヘ
ッド３ａをバルブシート１０のシート部１３に着座して
閉じ、カムリフトによりヘッド３ａをシート部１３から
離間して開くように作動する。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an internal combustion engine is provided with an intake valve of a combustion chamber of a cylinder head 1, an exhaust port 2 and an exhaust valve 3 movably supported by a guide 4 as shown in FIG. In this case, an annular groove 5 is formed in the port 2, and a heat resistant valve seat 10 different from the cylinder head 1 is press-fitted into the groove 5 and integrally attached. The valve seat 10 has a ring-shaped seat body 11 having a hole 12 of the same size as the port 2, and a seat portion 13 is formed in one of the holes 12 in a conical shape.
0 is arranged coaxially with the head 3a of the valve 3. Then, during engine operation, the valve spring causes the head 3a of the valve 3 to be seated on the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 to be closed, and the cam lift operates to open the head 3a away from the seat portion 13.
【０００３】従って、機関運転中は、燃焼ガスによる高
温、高圧の雰囲気で、バルブヘッド３ａが強いスプリン
グ力によりバルブシート１０のシート部１３に着座する
ことを繰返すため、そのバルブシート１０の特にシート
部１３は、耐熱性、耐摩耗性、耐食性が要求される。そ
こで、例えば特開平３−１４５５０８号公報、特開平４
−３３７９６号公報に示すように、バルブシート１０の
シート部１３にステライト合金等を粉体肉盛溶接するこ
とが知られている。Therefore, during operation of the engine, the valve head 3a is repeatedly seated on the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 due to a strong spring force in a high temperature and high pressure atmosphere due to the combustion gas. The part 13 is required to have heat resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Therefore, for example, JP-A-3-145508 and JP-A-4
As shown in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 33796, it is known to carry out powder overlay welding of a stellite alloy or the like to the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10.
【０００４】ここで従来のバルブシート１０のシート部
１３の粉体肉盛溶接方法を、図３により説明する。ま
ず、（ａ）のようにパイプ材２０を破線のように所定の
厚さに輪切り切断して、（ｂ）のような薄いリング状の
シート素材２１を作る。その後シート素材２１の孔２２
の一方を半径Ｒで切削加工して、一点鎖線から実線のよ
うに凹溝２３を環状に形成する。この凹溝２３を形成す
る理由は、肉盛部が溢れないようにする。溶接面を広く
して溶接強度を向上する等のためであり、ガスによる肉
盛溶接の時期から行われている。切削加工したシート素
材２１は脱脂等の処理をし、その凹溝２３に（ｃ）のよ
うに粉体肉盛溶接により肉盛部２４を形成する。A conventional powder overlay welding method for the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 will be described with reference to FIG. First, as shown in (a), the pipe material 20 is sliced into a predetermined thickness as shown by a broken line to make a thin ring-shaped sheet material 21 as shown in (b). After that, the hole 22 of the sheet material 21
One of them is cut with a radius R to form the concave groove 23 in an annular shape from the alternate long and short dash line to the solid line. The reason for forming the concave groove 23 is to prevent the built-up portion from overflowing. This is for the purpose of widening the welding surface and improving the welding strength, and is performed from the time of overlay welding with gas. The cut sheet material 21 is subjected to a degreasing process or the like, and a build-up portion 24 is formed in the groove 23 by powder build-up welding as shown in (c).
【０００５】この場合の粉体肉盛溶接は、プラズマアー
クで加熱溶融した溶接材料をシート素材２１の凹溝２３
に厚く肉盛するため、溶接材料によりシート素材２１や
その治具が熱せられる度合いが非常に大きい。特にシー
ト素材２１が加熱して溶けると、その素材２１が溶接材
料の方に染み出て混合し、溶接材料の硬化特性を希釈低
下するようになる。このため、例えば図４のように、シ
ート素材２１の治具３０が強制冷却手段４０を備えた構
造になっている。In the powder overlay welding in this case, the welding material heated and melted by the plasma arc is used for the groove 23 of the sheet material 21.
Since the material is thickly built up, the degree to which the sheet material 21 and its jig are heated by the welding material is very large. In particular, when the sheet material 21 is heated and melted, the material 21 exudes toward the welding material and mixes therewith, thereby diluting and lowering the hardening characteristics of the welding material. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the jig 30 of the sheet material 21 has a structure including the forced cooling means 40.
【０００６】治具３０は、回転テーブル３１を有し、回
転テーブル３１にチャック台３２が固着され、チャック
台３２の中心にシート素材２１を載置する支台３３が立
設される。また、チャック台３２の支台３３の周囲に
は、チャック３４の固定部材３４ａと複数個に分割して
放射状に配置された可動部材３４ｂが取付けられ、この
可動部材３４ｂの押え部材３５により支台３３のシート
素材２１を保持して脱落防止する構成であり、押え部材
３５やチャック３４に冷却手段４０が設けられている。The jig 30 has a rotary table 31, a chuck table 32 is fixed to the rotary table 31, and an abutment 33 on which the sheet material 21 is placed is erected at the center of the chuck table 32. Further, around the abutment 33 of the chuck base 32, a fixed member 34a of the chuck 34 and a movable member 34b which is divided into a plurality and radially arranged are attached, and the abutment member 35 of the movable member 34b serves as an abutment. The sheet material 21 of 33 is held and prevented from falling off, and the pressing member 35 and the chuck 34 are provided with cooling means 40.
【０００７】強制冷却手段４０は、シート素材２１の周
囲の押え部材３５とチャック３４の可動部材３４ｂとの
間にウォータジャケット４１が、パッキン４２でシール
して環状に形成される。そして、ウォータジャケット４
１をチューブ４３、チャック台３２の通路４４、回転テ
ーブル３１の内部のパイプ４５に連通して、冷却水を循
環するように構成される。In the forced cooling means 40, a water jacket 41 is formed between the pressing member 35 around the sheet material 21 and the movable member 34b of the chuck 34 so as to be sealed by a packing 42 and formed in an annular shape. And water jacket 4
1 is connected to the tube 43, the passage 44 of the chuck base 32, and the pipe 45 inside the rotary table 31, and the cooling water is circulated.
【０００８】そこで、粉体肉盛溶接する場合は、治具３
０の支台３３にチャック３４、押え部材３５によりシー
ト素材２１を、凹溝２３を上にして取付ける。そして、
冷却手段４０のウォータジャケット４１に冷却水を循環
し、回転テーブル３１によりシート素材２１を回転し、
粉体肉盛装置の溶接トーチ４６を凹溝２３に向けて設置
する。この状態で溶接トーチ４６から凹溝２３にプラズ
マアーク４７を発生すると共に溶接材料の粉体を供給
し、アーク熱でその溶接材料を瞬時に加熱溶融して凹溝
２３に肉盛する。Therefore, in the case of powder overlay welding, the jig 3 is used.
The sheet material 21 is attached to the 0 support 33 by the chuck 34 and the pressing member 35 with the groove 23 facing upward. And
Cooling water is circulated in the water jacket 41 of the cooling means 40, and the sheet material 21 is rotated by the rotary table 31,
The welding torch 46 of the powder overlaying device is installed toward the groove 23. In this state, a plasma arc 47 is generated from the welding torch 46 to the groove 23 and a powder of welding material is supplied, and the welding material is instantly heated and melted by the arc heat to be built up in the groove 23.
【０００９】この場合にシート素材２１を速く回転する
と、溶融金属が遠心力により凹溝２３から溢出するた
め、シート素材２１をゆっくり回転し、１〜２回転で凹
溝２３に厚く肉盛部２４を形成する。このとき溶融金属
によるシート素材２１、押え部材３５、チャック３４の
加熱をウォータジャケット４１の冷却水で冷却し、特に
シート素材２１の肉盛部２４の希釈を防止するのであ
る。In this case, when the sheet material 21 is rotated at a high speed, the molten metal overflows from the groove 23 due to the centrifugal force. Therefore, the sheet material 21 is rotated slowly, and the groove 23 is thickly built up in the groove 23 in one or two rotations. To form. At this time, the heating of the sheet material 21, the pressing member 35, and the chuck 34 by the molten metal is cooled by the cooling water of the water jacket 41, and in particular, the buildup portion 24 of the sheet material 21 is prevented from being diluted.
【００１０】こうして粉体肉盛溶接した後は、シート素
材２１を図３（ｃ）の一点鎖線に沿って所定の大きさに
切削し、肉盛部２４を円錐状に切削して仕上加工する。
これによりバルブシート１０を（ｄ）のように成形し、
且つシート本体１１の孔１２の一方にシート部１３を、
凹溝２３で肉盛溶接した硬化層２５を備えて円錐状に開
口して形成するのである。After the powder overlay welding, the sheet material 21 is cut into a predetermined size along the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 3C, and the overlay 24 is cut into a conical shape for finishing. .
As a result, the valve seat 10 is molded as shown in (d),
Moreover, the seat portion 13 is provided in one of the holes 12 of the seat body 11,
The hardened layer 25, which is welded to the concave groove 23, is provided to form a conical opening.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記従来技
術のものにあっては、シート素材２１に凹溝２３を形成
するため、その切削加工が必要になって、作業工程が多
くなる。また、肉盛量が多くなるため、硬化層の希釈の
問題を生じ、これに対処するため治具３０に冷却手段４
０を装備することが必要になって、治具３０の構造の複
雑化、コスト高等を招く。肉盛量が多いことで、肉盛部
２４の余肉も多くなり、このため熱処理や仕上切削加工
の際の工数が多くなる。By the way, in the above-mentioned prior art, since the groove 23 is formed in the sheet material 21, the cutting process is required and the number of working steps is increased. Further, since the amount of build-up increases, a problem of dilution of the hardened layer occurs, and in order to cope with this, the jig 30 is provided with the cooling means 4.
It becomes necessary to equip the jigs 0, resulting in a complicated structure of the jig 30 and a high cost. Since the amount of build-up is large, the surplus of the build-up portion 24 is also large, which increases the number of man-hours for heat treatment and finish cutting.
【００１２】また、シート素材２１の１〜２回転で凹溝
２３に厚く肉盛するため、スタート位置とエンド位置の
継ぎ目で不連続な肉盛となる溶接欠陥を生じ易く、歩留
が悪い。さらに、バルブシート１０のシート部１３の硬
化層が不均一な厚さであるため、硬度も不均一となっ
て、薄い部分の硬度の低下を招く等の不具合がある。Further, since the sheet material 21 is thickly built up in the recessed groove 23 by one or two rotations, a welding defect that is a discontinuous buildup is likely to occur at the joint between the start position and the end position, resulting in poor yield. Further, since the hardened layer of the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 has an uneven thickness, the hardness also becomes uneven, which causes a decrease in the hardness of the thin portion.
【００１３】この発明は、このような点に鑑み、第１の
目的は、シート部の硬化層と共に硬度を均一化したバル
ブシートを提供することにある。第２の目的は、シート
部に作業工数を簡素化し、希釈の冷却手段を不要にして
最適に肉盛溶接することができるバルブシートの製造方
法を提供することにある。In view of the above, the present invention has a first object to provide a valve seat in which hardness is made uniform together with a hardened layer of a seat portion. It is a second object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a valve seat that simplifies the number of working steps in the seat portion and makes it possible to perform overlay welding optimally without the need for dilution cooling means.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するた
め、この発明の請求項１に係るバルブシートは、薄いリ
ング状のシート本体の孔の一方に円錐状に開口して形成
されるシート部に、粉体肉盛溶接による硬化層を均一な
厚さに施すことを特徴とする。In order to achieve this object, a valve seat according to claim 1 of the present invention is a seat portion formed by conically opening one of the holes of a thin ring-shaped seat body. In addition, a hardened layer by powder overlay welding is applied to a uniform thickness.
【００１５】請求項２に係るバルブシートの製造方法
は、精密鍛造により素材本体の孔の一方に平らなテーパ
面を備えたシート素材を成形し、このシート素材を治具
により高速回転しながら平らなテーパ面に、粉体肉盛溶
接により薄い肉盛層を複数重ねて直接且つ均一に肉盛し
て肉盛部を形成し、このシート素材を切削加工してバル
ブシートを成形し、且つこのバルブシートに円錐状に開
口するシート部を、テーパ面で硬化層を均一な厚さに施
して形成することを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a method for manufacturing a valve seat, a sheet material having a flat taper surface on one side of a hole of a material body is formed by precision forging, and the sheet material is flattened at a high speed by a jig. A plurality of thin build-up layers are overlaid on the taper surface by powder build-up welding to form a build-up portion by directly and uniformly building up a build-up portion, and this sheet material is cut to form a valve seat. The valve seat is characterized in that a seat portion opening in a conical shape is formed by applying a hardened layer with a tapered surface to a uniform thickness.
【００１６】[0016]
【作用】従って、この発明の請求項１にあっては、バル
ブシートのシート部に、粉体肉盛溶接による硬化層が均
一な厚で施されるので、シート部の硬度も均一になっ
て、機械的、熱的に最適な特性が得られる。Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the hardened layer by powder overlay welding is applied to the seat portion of the valve seat with a uniform thickness, the hardness of the seat portion is also uniform. Optimum mechanical and thermal properties are obtained.
【００１７】請求項２にあっては、精密鍛造により素材
本体の孔の一方に平らなテーパ面を備えたシート素材を
成形し、このシート素材を治具により高速回転しながら
平らなテーパ面に、粉体肉盛溶接により薄い肉盛層を複
数重ねて直接且つ均一に肉盛して肉盛部を形成するの
で、広いテーパ面の全域に薄くて均一な肉盛部が、大き
い溶着強度で確実に形成される。そして、作業工数が少
なくなり、溶接欠陥も無くなる。また、シート素材が溶
けて希釈するおそれが無いため、シート素材の治具は、
冷却手段が不要で構造が簡素化する。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a sheet material having a flat taper surface on one of the holes of the material body is formed by precision forging, and the sheet material is flattened while rotating at a high speed by a jig. Since a plurality of thin build-up layers are overlaid directly and uniformly by powder build-up welding to form a build-up part, a thin and uniform build-up part is formed over a wide tapered surface with a large welding strength. It is surely formed. Then, the number of work steps is reduced, and welding defects are eliminated. In addition, since there is no risk of the sheet material melting and diluting,
No cooling means is required and the structure is simplified.
【００１８】そして、シート素材を切削加工してバルブ
シートを成形するが、この場合に肉盛部が薄くて均一の
ため、切削が容易になる。また、バルブシートのシート
部は、テーパ面により均一な厚さの硬化層が確実に形成
される。Then, the valve blank is formed by cutting the sheet material. In this case, since the buildup portion is thin and uniform, cutting is easy. Further, in the seat portion of the valve seat, a hardened layer having a uniform thickness is reliably formed by the tapered surface.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説
明する。図１において、粉体肉盛溶接したバルブシート
と、その製造方法に適した実施例について説明する。ま
ず、（ａ）のように耐熱鋼のシート素材５０を冷間鍛
造、閉塞鍛造等の精密鍛造により、略バルブシート１０
と同一の形状に成形する。即ち、薄いリング状の素材本
体５１の内部に孔５２を有し、その孔５２の一方のシー
ト部と該当する部分に平らなテーパ面５３が形成され
る。そして、このシート素材５０の平らなテーパ面５３
に、必要に応じ脱脂等を処理して直接且つ薄く粉体肉盛
溶接する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a valve seat that has been welded by powder overlay and an embodiment suitable for the manufacturing method thereof will be described. First, as shown in (a), the heat-resistant steel sheet material 50 is subjected to precision forging such as cold forging and closed forging, and the substantially valve seat 10 is obtained.
Mold into the same shape as. That is, the thin ring-shaped material main body 51 has a hole 52 therein, and a flat taper surface 53 is formed at a portion corresponding to one sheet portion of the hole 52. Then, the flat taper surface 53 of the sheet material 50
In addition, if necessary, degreasing or the like is performed to directly and thinly weld the powder overlay.
【００２０】ここでシート素材５０のテーパ面５３に薄
く肉盛溶接するため、シート素材５０が溶接金属で溶け
て希釈する問題が無くなる。従って、シート素材５０の
治具３０に冷却手段を装備することが不要となる。Since the overlay welding is performed thinly on the tapered surface 53 of the sheet material 50, there is no problem of the sheet material 50 being melted and diluted by the weld metal. Therefore, it is not necessary to equip the jig 30 of the sheet material 50 with a cooling means.
【００２１】そこで、図２においてこの発明に適した治
具３０について説明する。治具３０は、回転テーブル３
１を有し、回転テーブル３１の中心にシート素材５０を
載置する支台３３が立設される。また、回転テーブル３
１の支台３３の周囲には、チャック３４の固定部材３４
ａと複数個に分割して放射状に配置された可動部材３４
ｂが取付けられ、この可動部材３４ｂの押え部材３５に
より支台３３のシート素材５０を保持して脱落防止する
ように構成される。A jig 30 suitable for the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The jig 30 is the turntable 3
1, the abutment 33 on which the sheet material 50 is placed is erected at the center of the rotary table 31. Also, the turntable 3
Around the abutment 33 of No. 1, the fixing member 34 of the chuck 34
a and the movable member 34 divided into a plurality of parts and arranged radially
b is attached, and the pressing member 35 of the movable member 34b holds the sheet material 50 of the support 33 to prevent the sheet material 50 from falling off.
【００２２】そこで、粉体肉盛溶接する場合は、治具３
０の支台３３にチャック３４、押え部材３５によりシー
ト素材５０を、テーパ面５３を上にして取付け、粉体肉
盛装置の溶接トーチ４６をテーパ面５３に向けて設置す
る。また、溶接材料は、耐熱性、耐摩耗性等に優れたも
のとして、例えば、ステライトＮｏ１，Ｎｏ２０の合金
であり、この溶接材料の粉体を使用する。そして、回転
テーブル３１によりシート素材５０を回転し、この状態
で溶接トーチ４６からテーパ面５３にプラズマアーク４
７を発生すると共に溶接材料の粉体を供給し、アーク熱
でその溶接材料を瞬時に加熱溶融して平らなテーパ面５
３に肉盛する。Therefore, when powder overlay welding is performed, the jig 3 is used.
The sheet material 50 is attached to the support 33 of No. 0 by the chuck 34 and the pressing member 35 with the taper surface 53 facing upward, and the welding torch 46 of the powder overlaying apparatus is installed so as to face the taper surface 53. The welding material is, for example, an alloy of stellite No1 or No20, which has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance, and powder of this welding material is used. Then, the sheet material 50 is rotated by the rotary table 31, and in this state, the plasma arc 4 is transferred from the welding torch 46 to the tapered surface 53.
7 and the powder of the welding material is supplied, and the welding material is instantly heated and melted by the arc heat to flatten the tapered surface 5
Build in 3.
【００２３】この場合に、従来の凹溝のような規制が無
いため、シート素材５０は高速回転することができ、高
速回転により均一に肉盛することが可能となる。また、
溶接装置を制御することで、肉盛量を絞って薄い肉盛層
を任意に形成することが可能である。さらに、従来の凹
溝に代ってテーパ面５３の全域により広い溶着面が得ら
れる。In this case, since there is no regulation like the conventional concave groove, the sheet material 50 can be rotated at a high speed, and the sheet material 50 can be uniformly overlaid by the high speed rotation. Also,
By controlling the welding device, it is possible to reduce the build-up amount and form a thin build-up layer arbitrarily. Further, instead of the conventional concave groove, a wider welding surface can be obtained in the entire area of the tapered surface 53.
【００２４】そこで、シート素材５０を高速回転しなが
ら平らなテーパ面５３に、薄い肉盛層を例えば１０回位
重ねて極力平らに肉盛し、図１（ｂ）のように肉盛部５
４を例えば１．５〜２．０ｍｍに形成する。これにより
広いテーパ面５３の全域に肉盛部５４が、大きい溶着強
度で直接且つ確実に形成される。そして、薄い肉盛層を
複数重ねて肉盛することで、肉盛部５４はテーパ面５３
の全周に薄くて均一に突出したものになる。Therefore, while the sheet material 50 is rotated at a high speed, a thin buildup layer is piled up, for example, about 10 times on the flat taper surface 53 to build up as flat as possible, and the buildup portion 5 as shown in FIG. 1B.
4 is formed to have a thickness of 1.5 to 2.0 mm, for example. As a result, the built-up portion 54 is directly and reliably formed with a large welding strength over the entire wide tapered surface 53. Then, by overlaying a plurality of thin overlay layers to overlay, the overlay portion 54 forms the tapered surface 53.
It will be thin and evenly projected all around.
【００２５】こうして平らなテーパ面５３に薄い肉盛層
を複数重ねて肉盛することで、肉盛部５４のスタート位
置とエンド位置の継ぎ目は、常に連続したものになり、
この部分の溶接欠陥は殆ど解消される。また、肉盛溶接
時に溶融金属によりシート素材５０が加熱されるが、薄
い肉盛層を複数重ねて肉盛するため、シート素材５０の
加熱の度合いが非常に小さくなる。このためシート素材
５０のテーパ面５３は殆ど溶けなくなって、肉盛部５４
の希釈が防止される。このときシート素材５０の熱は、
押え部材３５、チャック３４等により適宜放熱される。By laminating a plurality of thin build-up layers on the flat tapered surface 53 in this way, the seam between the start position and the end position of the build-up portion 54 is always continuous,
Weld defects in this part are almost eliminated. Further, the sheet material 50 is heated by the molten metal during the overlay welding, but since a plurality of thin overlay layers are stacked and overlayed, the degree of heating of the sheet material 50 becomes extremely small. Therefore, the taper surface 53 of the sheet material 50 is hardly melted, and the built-up portion 54
Dilution is prevented. At this time, the heat of the sheet material 50 is
Heat is appropriately radiated by the pressing member 35, the chuck 34, and the like.
【００２６】こうして粉体肉盛溶接した後は、シート素
材５０の素材本体５１を図１（ｂ）の一点鎖線に沿って
所定の大きさに切削し、肉盛部５４を円錐状に切削して
仕上加工する。これによりバルブシート１０は図１
（ｃ）のように成形され、シート本体１１の孔１２の一
方にシート部１３が、平らなテーパ面５３で肉盛溶接し
た硬化層５５を、例えば、１ｍｍの薄い均一な厚さで備
えて円錐状に開口して形成される。こうしてバルブシー
ト１０のシート部１３は、均一な厚さの硬化層５５を備
えることで、均一な硬度の特性が得られる。After the powder overlay welding, the material body 51 of the sheet material 50 is cut into a predetermined size along the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 1 (b), and the overlay 54 is cut into a conical shape. And finish. As a result, the valve seat 10 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (c), the sheet portion 13 is provided in one of the holes 12 of the sheet body 11 with the hardened layer 55 which is welded by overlaying with the flat tapered surface 53, for example, with a thin uniform thickness of 1 mm. It is formed by opening in a conical shape. In this way, the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 is provided with the hardened layer 55 having a uniform thickness, so that the characteristic of uniform hardness is obtained.
【００２７】以上、この発明の実施例について説明した
が、シート素材のテーパ面は、円錐状でギザギザに加工
しても良い。Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the taper surface of the sheet material may be conical and may be serrated.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、この発明の請求
項１に係るバルブシートでは、薄いリング状のシート本
体の孔の一方に円錐状に開口して形成されるシート部
に、粉体肉盛溶接による硬化層を均一な厚さに施す構成
であるから、シート部で均一な硬度が得られて、機械
的、熱的特性が最適化する。As described above, in the valve seat according to claim 1 of the present invention, the powder is formed in the seat portion formed by conically opening in one of the holes of the thin ring-shaped seat body. Since the hardened layer by overlay welding is applied to a uniform thickness, uniform hardness can be obtained in the sheet portion, and the mechanical and thermal characteristics are optimized.
【００２９】請求項２に係るバルブシートの製造方法で
は、精密鍛造により素材本体の孔の一方に平らなテーパ
面を備えたシート素材を成形し、このシート素材を治具
により高速回転しながら平らなテーパ面に、粉体肉盛溶
接により薄い肉盛層を複数重ねて直接且つ均一に肉盛し
て肉盛部を形成するので、広いテーパ面の全域に薄くて
均一な肉盛部が、大きい溶着強度で確実に形成される。
凹溝等の切削加工が不要で作業工数が少なくなり、薄い
肉盛層を複数重ねた肉盛溶接で溶接欠陥も無くなる。ま
た、シート素材が溶けて希釈するおそれが無いため、シ
ート素材の治具は、冷却手段が不要で構造が簡素化す
る。In the valve seat manufacturing method according to the second aspect, a sheet material having a flat tapered surface on one of the holes of the material body is formed by precision forging, and the sheet material is flattened by a jig while rotating at high speed. Since a plurality of thin build-up layers are overlaid on the taper surface by powder build-up welding to directly and uniformly build up the build-up part, a thin and uniform build-up part is formed over the entire wide tapered surface. It is reliably formed with high welding strength.
Cutting work such as concave grooves is not required, and the number of work steps is reduced, and welding defects are eliminated by overlay welding with a plurality of thin overlay layers. Further, since there is no risk of the sheet material melting and diluting, the jig for the sheet material does not require a cooling means and the structure is simplified.
【００３０】シート素材を切削加工してバルブシートを
成形するが、この場合に肉盛部が薄くて均一のため、切
削が容易化する。また、バルブシートのシート部は、テ
ーパ面で均一な厚さの硬化層を確実に形成することがで
きる。The valve material is formed by cutting the sheet material. In this case, since the overlay portion is thin and uniform, cutting is facilitated. Further, the seat portion of the valve seat can surely form a hardened layer having a tapered surface and a uniform thickness.
【図１】この発明に係るバルブシート及びその製造方法
の実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a valve seat and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention.
【図２】この発明に適したシート素材の治具を示す断面
図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a jig for a sheet material suitable for the present invention.
【図３】従来のバルブシート及びその製造方法を示す斜
視図と断面図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing a conventional valve seat and a method for manufacturing the same.
【図４】従来のシート素材の治具を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional jig for a sheet material.
【図５】内燃機関のバルブシートの部分を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a portion of a valve seat of an internal combustion engine.
１０ バルブシート １１ シート本体 １２ 孔 １３ シート部 ３０ 治具 ５０ シート素材 ５１ 素材本体 ５２ 孔 ５３ テーパ面 ５４ 肉盛部 ５５ 硬化層 10 Valve Seat 11 Seat Main Body 12 Hole 13 Seat Part 30 Jig 50 Sheet Material 51 Material Main Body 52 Hole 53 Tapered Surface 54 Overlay 55 Hardened Layer
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成７年５月１５日[Submission date] May 15, 1995
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】特許請求の範囲[Name of item to be amended] Claims
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]
【手続補正２】[Procedure Amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】発明の詳細な説明[Name of item to be amended] Detailed explanation of the invention
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、内燃機関において
吸、排気バルブと着座するバルブシート、及びそのバル
ブシートの製造方法に関し、詳しくは、シート部に粉体
肉盛溶接による硬化層を施すものに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve seat that seats on an intake valve and an exhaust valve in an internal combustion engine, and a method for manufacturing the valve seat. More specifically, the seat is provided with a hardened layer by powder overlay welding. Regarding
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、内燃機関は、例えば図５に示す
ようにシリンダヘッド１の燃焼室の吸、排気ポート２に
吸、排気バルブ３が、ガイド４により移動可能に支持し
て設けられる。この場合にポート２は環状の溝５が形成
され、この溝５にシリンダヘッド１と異なる耐熱性のバ
ルブシート１０が圧入して一体的に取付けられる。バル
ブシート１０はリング状のシート本体１１にポート２と
同一寸法の孔１２を有し、この孔１２の一方にシート部
１３が円錐状に開口して形成され、このバルブシート１
０がバルブ３のヘッド３ａと同軸上に配置される。そし
て、機関運転時にバルブスプリングによりバルブ３のヘ
ッド３ａをバルブシート１０のシート部１３に着座して
閉じ、カムリフトによりヘッド３ａをシート部１３から
離間して開くように作動する。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an internal combustion engine is provided with an intake valve of a combustion chamber of a cylinder head 1, an exhaust port 2 and an exhaust valve 3 movably supported by a guide 4 as shown in FIG. In this case, an annular groove 5 is formed in the port 2, and a heat resistant valve seat 10 different from the cylinder head 1 is press-fitted into the groove 5 and integrally attached. The valve seat 10 has a ring-shaped seat body 11 having a hole 12 having the same size as the port 2, and a seat portion 13 is formed in one of the holes 12 in a conical shape.
0 is arranged coaxially with the head 3a of the valve 3. Then, when the engine is operating, the head 3a of the valve 3 is seated on the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 to be closed by the valve spring, and the head 3a is separated from the seat portion 13 by the cam lift to open.
【０００３】従って、機関運転中は、燃焼ガスによる高
温、高圧の腐食性の雰囲気で、バルブヘッド３ａが強い
スプリング力によりバルブシート１０のシート部１３に
着座することを繰返すため、そのバルブシート１０の特
にシート部１３は、耐熱性、耐摩耗性、耐食性が要求さ
れる。そこで、例えば特開平３−１４５５０８号公報、
特開平４−３３７９６号公報に示すように、バルブシー
ト１０のシート部１３にステライト合金等を粉体肉盛溶
接することが知られている。Therefore, during operation of the engine, the valve head 3a is repeatedly seated on the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 due to a strong spring force in a corrosive atmosphere of high temperature and high pressure due to the combustion gas. In particular, the seat portion 13 is required to have heat resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-145508,
As shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-33796, it is known to perform powder overlay welding of a stellite alloy or the like on the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10.
【０００４】ここで従来のバルブシート１０のシート部
１３の粉体肉盛溶接方法を、図３により説明する。ま
ず、（ａ）のようにパイプ材２０を破線のように所定の
厚さに輪切り切断して、（ｂ）のような薄いリング状の
シート素材２１を作る。その後シート素材２１の孔２２
の一方を半径Ｒ（例えば半径４〜６ｍｍ）で切削加工し
て、一点鎖線から実線のように凹溝２３を環状に形成す
る。この凹溝２３を形成する理由は、肉盛部が溢れない
ようにする。溶接面を広くして接合強度を向上する等の
ためであり、アセチレンガスと酸素の混合ガスによる肉
盛溶接の時期から行われている。切削加工したシート素
材２１は脱脂等の処理をし、その凹溝２３に（ｃ）のよ
うに粉体肉盛溶接により肉盛部２４を形成する。A conventional powder overlay welding method for the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 will be described with reference to FIG. First, as shown in (a), the pipe material 20 is sliced into a predetermined thickness as shown by a broken line to make a thin ring-shaped sheet material 21 as shown in (b). After that, the hole 22 of the sheet material 21
One of them is cut with a radius R (for example, a radius of 4 to 6 mm) to form the recessed groove 23 in an annular shape from the alternate long and short dash line to the solid line. The reason for forming the concave groove 23 is to prevent the built-up portion from overflowing. This is for the purpose of widening the welding surface and improving the joint strength, and is performed from the time of overlay welding with a mixed gas of acetylene gas and oxygen . The cut sheet material 21 is subjected to a degreasing process or the like, and a build-up portion 24 is formed in the groove 23 by powder build-up welding as shown in (c).
【０００５】この場合の粉体肉盛溶接は、プラズマアー
クで加熱溶融した溶接材料をシート素材２１の凹溝２３
に厚く肉盛するため、溶接材料によりシート素材２１や
その治具が熱せられる度合いが非常に大きい。特にシー
ト素材２１が加熱して溶けると、その素材２１が溶接材
料の方に染み出て混合し、溶接材料の硬化特性を希釈低
下するようになる。このため、例えば図４のように、シ
ート素材２１の治具３０が強制冷却手段４０を備えた構
造になっている。In the powder overlay welding in this case, the welding material heated and melted by the plasma arc is used for the groove 23 of the sheet material 21.
Since the material is thickly built up, the degree to which the sheet material 21 and its jig are heated by the welding material is very large. In particular, when the sheet material 21 is heated and melted, the material 21 exudes toward the welding material and mixes therewith, thereby diluting and lowering the hardening characteristics of the welding material. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the jig 30 of the sheet material 21 has a structure including the forced cooling means 40.
【０００６】治具３０は、回転テーブル３１を有し、回
転テーブル３１にチャック台３２が固着され、チャック
台３２の中心にシート素材２１を載置する支台３３が立
設される。また、チャック台３２の支台３３の周囲に
は、チャック３４の固定部材３４ａと複数個に分割して
放射状に配置された可動部材３４ｂが取付けられ、この
可動部材３４ｂの押え部材３５により支台３３のシート
素材２１を保持して脱落防止する構成であり、押え部材
３５やチャック３４に冷却手段４０が設けられている。The jig 30 has a rotary table 31, a chuck table 32 is fixed to the rotary table 31, and an abutment 33 on which the sheet material 21 is placed is erected at the center of the chuck table 32. Further, around the abutment 33 of the chuck base 32, a fixed member 34a of the chuck 34 and a movable member 34b which is divided into a plurality and radially arranged are attached, and the abutment member 35 of the movable member 34b serves as an abutment. The sheet material 21 of 33 is held and prevented from falling off, and the pressing member 35 and the chuck 34 are provided with cooling means 40.
【０００７】強制冷却手段４０は、シート素材２１の周
囲の押え部材３５とチャック３４の可動部材３４ｂとの
間にウォータジャケット４１が、パッキン４２でシール
して環状に形成される。そして、ウォータジャケット４
１をチューブ４３、チャック台３２の通路４４、回転テ
ーブル３１の内部のパイプ４５に連通して、冷却水を循
環するように構成される。In the forced cooling means 40, a water jacket 41 is formed between the pressing member 35 around the sheet material 21 and the movable member 34b of the chuck 34 so as to be sealed by a packing 42 and formed in an annular shape. And water jacket 4
1 is connected to the tube 43, the passage 44 of the chuck base 32, and the pipe 45 inside the rotary table 31, and the cooling water is circulated.
【０００８】そこで、粉体肉盛溶接する場合は、治具３
０の支台３３にチャック３４、押え部材３５によりシー
ト素材２１を、凹溝２３を上にして取付ける。そして、
冷却手段４０のウォータジャケット４１に冷却水を循環
し、回転テーブル３１によりシート素材２１を回転し、
粉体肉盛装置の溶接トーチ４６を凹溝２３に向けて設置
する。この状態で溶接トーチ４６から凹溝２３にプラズ
マアーク４７を発生すると共に溶接材料の粉体を供給
し、アーク熱でその溶接材料を瞬時に加熱溶融して凹溝
２３に肉盛する。Therefore, in the case of powder overlay welding, the jig 3 is used.
The sheet material 21 is attached to the 0 support 33 by the chuck 34 and the pressing member 35 with the groove 23 facing upward. And
Cooling water is circulated in the water jacket 41 of the cooling means 40, and the sheet material 21 is rotated by the rotary table 31,
The welding torch 46 of the powder overlaying device is installed toward the groove 23. In this state, a plasma arc 47 is generated from the welding torch 46 to the groove 23 and a powder of welding material is supplied, and the welding material is instantly heated and melted by the arc heat to be built up in the groove 23.
【０００９】この場合にシート素材２１を速く回転する
と、溶融金属は凹溝２３から溢出するため、シート素材
２１をゆっくり回転し、１回転で凹溝２３に厚く肉盛部
２４を形成する。このとき溶融金属によるシート素材２
１、押え部材３５、チャック３４の加熱をウォータジャ
ケット４１の冷却水で冷却し、特にシート素材２１の肉
盛部２４の希釈を防止するのである。[0009] When rotated in this case increase the sheet material 21, the molten metal to overflow from the concave groove 23 slowly rotates the sheet material 21, to form a thick overlaid portion 24 the groove 23 in one rotation. Sheet material 2 made of molten metal at this time
1. The heating of the pressing member 35 and the chuck 34 is cooled by the cooling water of the water jacket 41, and in particular, the buildup portion 24 of the sheet material 21 is prevented from being diluted.
【００１０】こうして粉体肉盛溶接した後は、シート素
材２１を図３（ｃ）の一点鎖線に沿って所定の大きさに
切削し、肉盛部２４を円錐状に切削して仕上加工する。
これによりバルブシート１０を（ｄ）のように成形し、
且つシート本体１１の孔１２の一方にシート部１３を、
凹溝２３で肉盛溶接した硬化層２５を備えて円錐状に開
口して形成するのである。After the powder overlay welding, the sheet material 21 is cut into a predetermined size along the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 3C, and the overlay 24 is cut into a conical shape for finishing. .
As a result, the valve seat 10 is molded as shown in (d),
Moreover, the seat portion 13 is provided in one of the holes 12 of the seat body 11,
The hardened layer 25, which is welded to the concave groove 23, is provided to form a conical opening.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記従来技
術のものにあっては、シート素材２１に凹溝２３を形成
するため、その切削加工が必要になって、作業工程が多
くなる。また、肉盛量が多くなるため、硬化層の希釈の
問題を生じ、これに対処するため治具３０に冷却手段４
０を装備することが必要になって、治具３０の構造の複
雑化、コスト高等を招く。肉盛量が多いことで、肉盛部
２４の余肉も多くなり、このため熱処理や仕上切削加工
の際の工数が多くなる。By the way, in the above-mentioned prior art, since the groove 23 is formed in the sheet material 21, the cutting process is required and the number of working steps is increased. Further, since the amount of build-up increases, a problem of dilution of the hardened layer occurs, and in order to cope with this, the jig 30 is provided with the cooling means 4.
It becomes necessary to equip the jigs 0, resulting in a complicated structure of the jig 30 and a high cost. Since the amount of build-up is large, the surplus of the build-up portion 24 is also large, which increases the number of man-hours for heat treatment and finish cutting.
【００１２】また、シート素材２１の１〜２回転で凹溝
２３に厚く肉盛するため、スタート位置とエンド位置の
継ぎ目で不連続な肉盛となる溶接欠陥を生じ易く、歩留
が悪い。さらに、バルブシート１０のシート部１３の硬
化層が不均一な厚さであるため、硬度も不均一となっ
て、薄い部分の硬度の低下を招く等の不具合がある。Further, since the sheet material 21 is thickly built up in the recessed groove 23 by one or two rotations, a welding defect that is a discontinuous buildup is likely to occur at the joint between the start position and the end position, resulting in poor yield. Further, since the hardened layer of the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 has an uneven thickness, the hardness also becomes non-uniform, which leads to a decrease in the hardness of the thin portion.
【００１３】この発明は、このような点に鑑み、第１の
目的は、シート部の硬化層と共に硬度を均一化したバル
ブシートを提供することにある。第２の目的は、シート
素材、母材部に作業工数を簡素化し、最適に肉盛溶接す
ることができるバルブシートの製造方法を提供すること
にある。In view of the above, the present invention has a first object to provide a valve seat in which hardness is made uniform together with a hardened layer of a seat portion. The second purpose is the sheet
Material, simplifies the working steps in the base metal, it is to provide a method for producing a valve seat which can be overlay welding to the optimum.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するた
め、この発明の請求項１に係るバルブシートは、薄いリ
ング状のシート本体の孔の一方に円錐状に開口して形成
されるシート部に、粉体肉盛溶接による硬化層をほぼ均
一な厚さに施すことを特徴とする。In order to achieve this object, a valve seat according to claim 1 of the present invention is a seat portion formed by conically opening one of the holes of a thin ring-shaped seat body. In addition, it is characterized in that a hardened layer by powder overlay welding is applied to a substantially uniform thickness.
【００１５】請求項２に係るバルブシートの製造方法
は、精密鍛造またはパイプ材より削り出した素材本体の
孔の一方にほぼ平らなテーパ面を備えたシート素材を成
形し、このシート素材を治具により高速回転しながらほ
ぼ平らなテーパ面に、粉体肉盛溶接により薄い肉盛層を
複数重ねて直接且つ均一に肉盛して肉盛部を形成し、こ
のシート素材を切削加工してバルブシートを成形し、且
つこのバルブシートに円錐状に開口するシート部を形成
することを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a valve seat manufacturing method, wherein a sheet material having a substantially flat tapered surface is formed in one of the holes of a material body which is precision forged or cut out from a pipe material , and the sheet material is cured. Ho while high speed by ingredients
On the flat taper surface, a plurality of thin overlay layers are overlaid by powder overlay welding to directly and evenly overlay to form an overlay portion, and this sheet material is cut to form a valve seat, and wherein the that form a seat which opens conically this valve seat.
【００１６】[0016]
【作用】従って、この発明の請求項１にあっては、バル
ブシートのシート部に、粉体肉盛溶接による硬化層が均
一な厚で施されるので、シート部の硬度も均一になっ
て、機械的、熱的に最適な特性が得られる。Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the hardened layer by powder overlay welding is applied to the seat portion of the valve seat with a uniform thickness, the hardness of the seat portion is also uniform. Optimum mechanical and thermal properties are obtained.
【００１７】請求項２にあっては、精密鍛造により素材
本体の孔の一方にほぼ平らなテーパ面を備えたシート素
材を成形し、このシート素材を治具により高速回転しな
がらほぼ平らなテーパ面に、粉体肉盛溶接により薄い肉
盛層を複数重ねて直接且つ均一に肉盛して肉盛部を形成
するので、広いテーパ面の全域に薄くてほぼ均一な肉盛
部が、大きい溶着強度で確実に形成される。そして、作
業工数が少なくなり、溶接欠陥も無くなる。また、シー
ト素材が溶けて希釈するおそれが少ないため、シート素
材への溶接用治具等は、冷却手段が不要で構造が簡素化
する。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a sheet material having a substantially flat taper surface in one of the holes of the material body is formed by precision forging, and the sheet material is substantially flat taper while being rotated at a high speed by a jig. Since a plurality of thin build-up layers are overlaid on the surface by powder build-up welding directly and uniformly to form a build-up part, a thin and almost uniform build-up part is large over the entire wide tapered surface. It is reliably formed with welding strength. Then, the number of work steps is reduced, and welding defects are eliminated. In addition, the sheet material is less likely to melt and dilute ,
The jig for welding the material, etc. does not require a cooling means and the structure is simplified.
【００１８】そして、シート素材を切削加工してバルブ
シートを成形するが、この場合に肉盛部が薄くて均一の
ため、切削が容易になる。また、バルブシートのシート
部は、テーパ面により均一な厚さの硬化層が確実に形成
される。Then, the valve blank is formed by cutting the sheet material. In this case, since the buildup portion is thin and uniform, cutting is easy. Further, in the seat portion of the valve seat, a hardened layer having a uniform thickness is reliably formed by the tapered surface.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説
明する。図１において、粉体肉盛溶接したバルブシート
と、その製造方法に適した実施例について説明する。ま
ず、（ａ）のように耐熱鋼のシート素材５０を冷間鍛
造、閉塞鍛造等の精密鍛造またはパイプ材より削り出し
た略バルブシート１０と同一の形状に成形する。即ち、
薄いリング状の素材本体５１の内部に孔５２を有し、そ
の孔５２の一方のシート部と該当する部分にほぼ平らな
テーパ面５３が形成される。そして、このシート素材５
０のほぼ平らなテーパ面５３に、必要に応じ脱脂等を処
理して直接且つ薄く粉体肉盛溶接する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a valve seat that has been welded by powder overlay and an embodiment suitable for the manufacturing method thereof will be described. First, as shown in (a), a heat-resistant steel sheet material 50 is machined from precision forging such as cold forging, closed forging, or pipe material.
The valve seat 10 is formed into the same shape as the valve seat 10. That is,
The thin ring-shaped material main body 51 has a hole 52 inside, and a substantially flat tapered surface 53 is formed at a portion corresponding to one sheet portion of the hole 52. And this sheet material 5
If necessary, degreasing or the like is applied to the substantially flat taper surface 53 of No. 0 to directly and thinly build up the powder by overlay welding.
【００２０】ここでシート素材５０のテーパ面５３に薄
く肉盛溶接するため、シート素材５０が溶接金属で溶け
て希釈する問題が少なくなる。従って、シート素材５０
の溶接治具３０に冷却手段を装備することが不要とな
る。Since the overlay welding is performed thinly on the tapered surface 53 of the sheet material 50, the problem that the sheet material 50 is melted and diluted by the weld metal is reduced . Therefore, the sheet material 50
It is not necessary to equip the welding jig 30 of 1. with a cooling means.
【００２１】そこで、図２においてこの発明に適した治
具３０について説明する。溶接治具３０は、回転テーブ
ル３１を有し、回転テーブル３１の中心にシート素材５
０を載置する支台３３が立設される。また、回転テーブ
ル３１の支台３３の周囲には、チャック３４の固定部材
３４ａと複数個に分割して放射状に配置された可動部材
３４ｂが取付けられ、この可動部材３４ｂの押え部材３
５により支台３３のシート素材５０を保持して脱落防止
するように構成される。A jig 30 suitable for the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The welding jig 30 has a rotary table 31, and the sheet material 5 is placed at the center of the rotary table 31.
An abutment 33 on which 0 is placed is erected. Further, around the abutment 33 of the rotary table 31, a fixed member 34a of the chuck 34 and a movable member 34b which is divided into a plurality and radially arranged are attached, and the pressing member 3 of the movable member 34b is attached.
5 is configured to hold the sheet material 50 of the abutment 33 and prevent it from falling off.
【００２２】そこで、粉体肉盛溶接する場合は、溶接治
具３０の支台３３にチャック３４、押え部材３５により
シート素材５０を、テーパ面５３を上にして取付け、粉
体肉盛装置の溶接トーチ４６をテーパ面５３に向けて設
置する。また、溶接材料は、耐熱性、耐摩耗性等に優れ
たものとして、例えば、ステライトＮｏ１，Ｎｏ２０の
合金であり、この溶接材料の粉体を使用する。そして、
回転テーブル３１によりシート素材５０を回転し、この
状態で溶接トーチ４６からテーパ面５３にプラズマアー
ク４７を発生すると共に溶接材料の粉体を供給し、アー
ク熱でその溶接材料を瞬時に加熱溶融して平らなテーパ
面５３に肉盛する。Therefore, in the case of powder overlay welding, the sheet material 50 is attached to the abutment 33 of the welding jig 30 by the chuck 34 and the pressing member 35 with the tapered surface 53 facing upward, and the powder overlay device is installed. The welding torch 46 is installed toward the tapered surface 53. The welding material is, for example, an alloy of stellite No1 or No20, which has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance, and powder of this welding material is used. And
The sheet material 50 is rotated by the rotary table 31, and in this state, a plasma arc 47 is generated from the welding torch 46 to the tapered surface 53 and powder of welding material is supplied, and the welding material is instantly heated and melted by arc heat. And build up on the flat tapered surface 53.
【００２３】この場合に、従来の凹溝のような規制が無
いため、シート素材５０は高速回転することができ、高
速回転により均一に肉盛することが可能となる。また、
溶接装置を制御することで、肉盛量を絞って薄い肉盛層
を任意に形成することが可能である。さらに、従来の凹
溝に代ってテーパ面５３の全域により広い溶着面が得ら
れる。In this case, since there is no regulation like the conventional concave groove, the sheet material 50 can be rotated at a high speed, and the sheet material 50 can be uniformly overlaid by the high speed rotation. Also,
By controlling the welding device, it is possible to reduce the build-up amount and form a thin build-up layer arbitrarily. Further, instead of the conventional concave groove, a wider welding surface can be obtained in the entire area of the tapered surface 53.
【００２４】そこで、シート素材５０を高速回転しなが
ら平らなテーパ面５３に、薄い肉盛層を例えば２〜５回
位重ねて極力平らに肉盛し、図１（ｂ）のように肉盛部
５４を例えば１．５〜２．０ｍｍに形成する。これによ
り広いテーパ面５３の全域に肉盛部５４が、大きい溶着
強度で直接且つ確実に形成される。そして、薄い肉盛層
を複数重ねて肉盛することで、肉盛部５４はテーパ面５
３の全周に薄くて均一に突出したものになる。Therefore, while the sheet material 50 is rotated at a high speed, a thin overlay layer is overlaid on the flat taper surface 53, for example, about 2 to 5 times to overlay the overlay as flat as possible, and then overlay as shown in FIG. 1 (b). The portion 54 is formed to have a thickness of 1.5 to 2.0 mm, for example. As a result, the built-up portion 54 is directly and reliably formed with a large welding strength over the entire wide tapered surface 53. Then, by overlaying a plurality of thin overlay layers to overlay, the overlay portion 54 forms the tapered surface 5
It becomes a thin and uniform protrusion over the entire circumference of 3.
【００２５】こうして平らなテーパ面５３に薄い肉盛層
を複数重ねて肉盛することで、肉盛部５４のスタート位
置とエンド位置の継ぎ目は、全周にわたって明確な区別
がなく常に連続したものになり、この部分の溶接欠陥は
殆ど解消される。また、肉盛溶接時に溶融金属によりシ
ート素材５０が加熱されるが、薄い肉盛層を複数重ねて
肉盛するため、シート素材５０の加熱の度合いが全体に
均一化される。このためシート素材５０のテーパ面５３
は殆ど溶けなくなって、肉盛部５４の希釈が非常に少な
くなる。このときシート素材５０の熱は、押え部材３
５、チャック３４等により適宜放熱される。By laminating a plurality of thin build-up layers on the flat tapered surface 53 in this manner, the seam between the start position and the end position of the build-up portion 54 is clearly distinguished over the entire circumference.
There is no crack and it is always continuous, and welding defects in this part are almost eliminated. Further, the sheet material 50 is heated by the molten metal during the overlay welding, but since the thin overlay layers are piled up to overlay the sheet material 50, the heating degree of the sheet material 50 is entirely increased .
Be homogenized . Therefore, the taper surface 53 of the sheet material 50
Is almost insoluble, and the overlay 54 is diluted very little.
Become At this time, the heat of the sheet material 50 is applied to the pressing member 3
5, heat is appropriately radiated by the chuck 34 and the like.
【００２６】こうして粉体肉盛溶接した後は、シート素
材５０の素材本体５１を図１（ｂ）の一点鎖線に沿って
所定の大きさに切削し、肉盛部５４を円錐状に切削して
仕上加工する。これによりバルブシート１０は図１
（ｃ）のように成形され、シート本体１１の孔１２の一
方にシート部１３が、平らなテーパ面５３で肉盛溶接し
た硬化層５５を、例えば、１ｍｍの薄い均一な厚さで備
えて円錐状に開口して形成される。こうしてバルブシー
ト１０のシート部１３は、均一な厚さの硬化層５５を備
えることで、均一な硬度の特性が得られる。After the powder overlay welding, the material body 51 of the sheet material 50 is cut into a predetermined size along the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 1 (b), and the overlay 54 is cut into a conical shape. And finish. As a result, the valve seat 10 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (c), the sheet portion 13 is provided in one of the holes 12 of the sheet body 11 with the hardened layer 55 which is welded by overlaying with the flat tapered surface 53, for example, with a thin uniform thickness of 1 mm. It is formed by opening in a conical shape. In this way, the seat portion 13 of the valve seat 10 is provided with the hardened layer 55 having a uniform thickness, so that the characteristic of uniform hardness is obtained.
【００２７】以上、この発明の実施例について説明した
が、シート素材のテーパ面は、円錐状でギザギザに加工
しても良い。また、平らなテーパ面５３には、必ずしも
直線的な面のみに限定されるものではなく、わずかなア
ール面、例えば半径１０ｍｍ程度のアール面も含み、ほ
ぼ平らな面であればよい。また、素材本体５１のテーパ
面がほぼ平らな面であれば、硬化層５５の形状は実施例
のように断面が台形状のものに限定されるものではな
く、テーパ面の下端に段部を有し硬化層５５の断面形状
が略菱形状となるものも含む。 Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the taper surface of the sheet material may be conical and may be serrated. In addition, the flat tapered surface 53 is not always
It is not limited to a straight surface, but a slight
Ruled surface, for example, a rounded surface with a radius of about 10 mm,
Any flat surface will do. Also, the taper of the material body 51
If the surface is a substantially flat surface, the shape of the hardened layer 55 is the same as that in the embodiment.
The cross section is not limited to those with a trapezoidal shape.
Ku, the cross-sectional shape of the hardened layer 55 has a step portion below end of the tapered surface
It also includes ones in which is substantially rhombic.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、この発明の請求
項１に係るバルブシートでは、薄いリング状のシート本
体の孔の一方に円錐状に開口して形成されるシート部
に、粉体肉盛溶接による硬化層を均一な厚さに施す構成
であるから、シート部で均一な硬度が得られて、機械
的、熱的特性が最適化する。As described above, in the valve seat according to claim 1 of the present invention, the powder is formed in the seat portion formed by conically opening in one of the holes of the thin ring-shaped seat body. Since the hardened layer by overlay welding is applied to a uniform thickness, uniform hardness can be obtained in the sheet portion, and the mechanical and thermal characteristics are optimized.
【００２９】請求項２に係るバルブシートの製造方法で
は、精密鍛造により素材本体の孔の一方にほぼ平らなテ
ーパ面を備えたシート素材を成形し、このシート素材を
治具により高速回転しながら平らなテーパ面に、粉体肉
盛溶接により薄い肉盛層を複数重ねて直接且つ均一に肉
盛して肉盛部を形成するので、広いテーパ面の全域に薄
くて均一な肉盛部が、大きい溶着強度で確実に形成され
る。凹溝等の切削加工が不要で作業工数が少なくなり、
薄い肉盛層を複数重ねた肉盛溶接で溶接欠陥も少なくな
る。また、シート素材が溶けて希釈するおそれが無いた
め、シート素材の溶接治具は、冷却手段が不要で構造が
簡素化する。In the valve seat manufacturing method according to the second aspect, a sheet material having a substantially flat tapered surface on one of the holes of the material body is formed by precision forging, and the sheet material is rotated at a high speed by a jig. Since a plurality of thin build-up layers are overlaid on a flat taper surface by powder build-up welding to directly and evenly build up a build-up part, a thin and uniform build-up part is formed over the entire wide tapered surface. It can be reliably formed with high welding strength. Cutting work such as concave grooves is unnecessary, reducing the number of work steps,
Welding defects are reduced by overlay welding with multiple thin overlay layers
It Further, since there is no possibility that the sheet material will be melted and diluted, the welding jig for the sheet material does not require a cooling means and the structure is simplified.
【００３０】シート素材を切削加工してバルブシートを
成形するが、この場合に肉盛部が薄くて均一のため、切
削が容易化する。また、バルブシートのシート部は、テ
ーパ面で均一な厚さの硬化層を確実に形成することがで
きる。The valve material is formed by cutting the sheet material. In this case, since the overlay portion is thin and uniform, cutting is facilitated. Further, the seat portion of the valve seat can surely form a hardened layer having a tapered surface and a uniform thickness.
Claims (2)
に円錐状に開口して形成されるシート部に、粉体肉盛溶
接による硬化層を均一な厚さに施すことを特徴とするバ
ルブシート。1. A valve, characterized in that a hardened layer formed by powder build-up welding is applied to a uniform thickness on a seat portion formed by conically opening one of the holes of a thin ring-shaped seat body. Sheet.
平らなテーパ面を備えたシート素材を成形し、このシー
ト素材を治具により高速回転しながら平らなテーパ面
に、粉体肉盛溶接により薄い肉盛層を複数重ねて直接且
つ、均一に肉盛して肉盛部を形成し、このシート素材を
切削加工してバルブシートを成形し、且つこのバルブシ
ートに円錐状に開口するシート部を、テーパ面で硬化層
を均一な厚さに施して形成することを特徴とするバルブ
シートの製造方法。2. A sheet material having a flat taper surface on one of the holes of the material body is formed by precision forging, and the flat taper surface is powder-welded to the flat taper surface while the sheet material is rotated at a high speed by a jig. A sheet that is formed by laminating a plurality of thin buildup layers directly and evenly to form a buildup portion, cutting this sheet material to form a valve seat, and opening the valve seat in a conical shape. The method for manufacturing a valve seat, wherein the portion is formed by applying a hardened layer having a tapered surface to a uniform thickness.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33716294A JP2875960B2 (en) | 1994-12-26 | 1994-12-26 | Manufacturing method of valve seat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33716294A JP2875960B2 (en) | 1994-12-26 | 1994-12-26 | Manufacturing method of valve seat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08177421A true JPH08177421A (en) | 1996-07-09 |
| JP2875960B2 JP2875960B2 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
Family
ID=18306034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33716294A Expired - Lifetime JP2875960B2 (en) | 1994-12-26 | 1994-12-26 | Manufacturing method of valve seat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2875960B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020044868A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-19 | 이계안 | A composition of valve seat composed of double layer |
| CN102922228A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2013-02-13 | 南通市电站阀门有限公司 | Valve manufacturing process for improving impact toughness of F92 butt welding heat affected area |
| WO2013111444A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-01 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Welding method and steam generator water chamber |
| CN103264251A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-28 | 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 | Fixing device for transposition bead welding of vapor generator tube plate on position changing machine |
| WO2015001698A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Cladding method for valve seat and production method for cylinder head |
| KR101881323B1 (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-26 | 주식회사 신정기공 | How to make a sheet of butterfly valve |
| CN112045375A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-08 | 项定洪 | Manufacturing process of environment-friendly valve body and product thereof |
-
1994
- 1994-12-26 JP JP33716294A patent/JP2875960B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020044868A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-19 | 이계안 | A composition of valve seat composed of double layer |
| WO2013111444A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-01 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Welding method and steam generator water chamber |
| US9862047B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2018-01-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Welding method and steam generator channel head |
| CN102922228A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2013-02-13 | 南通市电站阀门有限公司 | Valve manufacturing process for improving impact toughness of F92 butt welding heat affected area |
| CN103264251A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-28 | 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 | Fixing device for transposition bead welding of vapor generator tube plate on position changing machine |
| WO2015001698A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Cladding method for valve seat and production method for cylinder head |
| JP2015009268A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Build-up method for valve seat and manufacturing method of cylinder head |
| KR101881323B1 (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-26 | 주식회사 신정기공 | How to make a sheet of butterfly valve |
| CN112045375A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-08 | 项定洪 | Manufacturing process of environment-friendly valve body and product thereof |
| CN112045375B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2023-01-06 | 项定洪 | Manufacturing process of environment-friendly valve body and product thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2875960B2 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
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