JPH08171891A - Lead-acid battery for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To retain a required electrolyte amount until the battery life last stage even under severe conditions, and suppress the hazardousness of bursting and an influence in the case of the bursting to the minimum by communicating the gas exhaust paths of respective cells collectively via a porous body material. CONSTITUTION: A battery jar 1 is partitioned into plural cells, and is covered by a cover 2. The gas exhaust paths set in the cover 2 are not communicated, and are independent of respective cells, and collective exhaust is conducted via a porous body material 4 set at gas exhaust port portions 5. Thereby, respective gas exhaust paths are independent of each other, and only the material 4 is common, and the move of electrolyte from a cell to a next cell is prevented even under high vibration. Even if the electrolyte enters the exhaust path from an exhaust-cum-reflux opening 7 by the vibration, the electrolyte is not allowed to move to other cell and the electrolyte level fluctuation is not allowed to occur caused by electrolyte leak. Even if a certain cell bursts resulting from inside firing, other cell is not allowed to catch fire, and further the power of a burst can be suppressed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lead-acid battery for automobiles having a non-rehydration structure in which a large amount of electrolyte is injected into a battery case.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A lead acid battery for an automobile has a function of exhausting gas generated during normal use from the battery cell chamber to the outside. Further, it is the mainstream that a porous material such as ceramic is attached to the gas exhaust port for the purpose of preventing the battery from bursting due to the ignition and explosion of gas. On the other hand, according to the market needs, in the technology so far, by using lead-calcium alloy for the electrode plate grid material, a battery with a small amount of liquid reduction has been commercialized. Free batteries are leading the market.

As a concrete structure thereof, in the structure of the lid and the liquid spout, a plurality of cells such as a collective exhaust of 3 cells and a collective exhaust of 6 cells are connected in a lump so that the injection stopper also has 3 cells or The structure is such that all 6 cells are integrated and an exhaust port is provided in a part of it, giving the appearance of a liquid outlet plug-less appearance. As for, a structure in a sealed state can be seen.

[0004]

In recent years, due to the remarkable development of vehicles, the usage of lead acid batteries for automobiles has become severe. For example, there are high vibrations found in 4WD vehicles, off-road vehicles, and the like, and high temperature due to the dense equipment in the engine room. Under such circumstances, a new problem is occurring even in the lead-acid battery having the maintenance-free structure.

One of the problems is that since the cell chambers are connected to each other through the gas exhaust path of the lid, the electrolytic solution moves from one cell chamber containing the electrolyte to the adjacent cell chamber during high vibration. It has occurred. As a result, the average amount of electrolyte in each cell chamber cannot be maintained, for example, when the amount of electrolyte is low or high in only one cell, and at the end of the life, short life due to liquid exhaustion of only one cell is observed. To be

On the other hand, unfortunately, there is also a big problem that the battery is ruptured due to a short circuit between the electrode plates due to a sudden decrease in the liquid due to high temperature overcharge due to an abnormal phenomenon.
Also, since each cell is connected, if one cell ruptures, there is a great risk that another cell will also be chained and lead to a powerful rupture.

The present invention is to solve the above problems and provides a maintenance-free type lead-acid battery for automobiles having a safe structure with a lid that is effective for preventing a decrease in the liquid level in a specific cell chamber and reducing the bursting power. It is intended to be provided.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an independent gas exhaust path for each cell chamber and at least one gas exhaust port connected to the gas exhaust path. The value of the water column manometer is 1 mm to 100 m when it is provided on the lid and the gas exhaust port has a porous material, for example, when the ventilation resistance value is 0.15 l / min of air blowing amount.
m of the porous material is mounted, and the gas exhaust paths of the plurality of cells are connected to the outside collectively via the porous material. More preferably, a lead-calcium alloy is used for at least the cathode plate lattice.

[0009]

With the above-described structure, the present invention prevents the electrolytic solution from moving (transferring) from one cell chamber to the next cell chamber even when it is subjected to high vibration. The average amount of electrolytic solution can be maintained in the cell chamber.

Further, the value of the water column manometer when the ventilation resistance value is 0.15 l / min of the air blowing amount is from 1 mm to 100.
By attaching a mm porous material as a filter to the gas exhaust port, it is possible to prevent the battery from bursting due to gas explosion due to external ignition, which is the basic performance of the original porous material, and to stabilize until the end of the battery life. The amount of electrolyte can be secured. From the above, even if one cell bursts due to internal ignition etc. in case of electrolyte level drop, each cell is not connected, so there is no chain ignition to other cells and the power of bursting Therefore, it is possible to supply a lead-acid battery for an automobile having excellent reliability while maintaining the external appearance of the structure considering the maintenance-free property up to now.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Examples according to the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the battery of the present invention, and FIG.
Shows a part of a top view of the lid when the top lid of FIG. 1 is removed. FIG. 3 is a view showing a collective exhaust mechanism for a plurality of cells of the lid shown in FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional battery, and FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line ab of FIG.

In the present invention, the battery case 1 is divided into a plurality of cell chambers and covered with a lid 2. The gas exhaust path provided in the lid 2 is not connected, and is independent for each cell chamber,
The gas is exhausted all at once through the porous material 4 provided in the gas exhaust port 5. Reference numeral 3 is an upper lid that covers the upper side of the lid 2.

Here, the reason why the porous material 4 is commonly used for the exhaust paths of the independent plural cell chambers is that the material cost of the porous material 4 is reduced and another reason is that This is because the assembling productivity of attaching the lid 2 of the porous material 4 to the gas exhaust port 5 is taken into consideration. In the structure of the present invention as described above, each gas exhaust path is independent even when subjected to high vibration, and only the porous material 4 is common, so that movement of the electrolytic solution from one cell to the next cell is prevented. Can be prevented. In order to identify this effect, the liquid level is made constant in each cell chamber, and a sweep with a frequency of 10 Hz to 33 Hz,
The liquid level fluctuation of each cell of the product of the present invention and the conventional liquid-free rechargeable battery shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 was measured when vertical vibration with an acceleration of 1 G was applied for 120 minutes. The result is shown in FIG. As can be seen from this result, in the conventional product, the liquid level changed due to the movement of the electrolytic solution in each cell. this is,
As shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional product, the liquid is poured by vibration, and the electrolytic solution (b) enters the exhaust passage together with the gas from the exhaust / reflux opening 7 and passes through the exhaust port 10 communicating with each cell chamber to another cell chamber. This is because it is transferred and enters the cell chamber through the pouring / exhausting / refluxing opening 7.

On the other hand, the product of the present invention has no such problem of liquid transfer. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. Since the upper lid 3 is heat-welded to the welding surface 9 of the lid 2,
The gas exhaust path of each cell chamber is separate and independent.

Therefore, even if the electrolytic solution (b) enters the exhaust path from the pouring / exhausting / refluxing opening 7 of each cell due to vibration, it does not move to another cell chamber. Further, the splash-proof plate 8 blocks the entry of the liquid into the exhaust passage from the opening 7. However, even if the liquid enters the passage and reaches the porous material 4, the electrolytic solution (b) is Since it does not pass through the material 4, the liquid level does not change due to liquid leakage or the like. Furthermore, by making the gas exhaust path independent for each cell chamber, even if a certain cell bursts due to internal ignition, the power of the burst can be suppressed without igniting to other cells. The power of this rupture was compared and evaluated between the conventional product and the product of the present invention. As an evaluation method, the hydrogen concentration in the battery was set to 30% with a 6-cell integrated battery, and gas (hydrogen gas) was compulsorily ignited inside the 3rd cell from the left, and the structure of the battery case, lid, etc. at that time This is an examination of whether the parts are damaged. The result is shown in FIG. 7. In the conventional product, when the third cell ignites, other cells ignite through the cell communication exhaust port 10 and explode in all cells, damaging structural parts of almost all cells.

On the other hand, in the product of the present invention, even if the third cell is ignited, the gas exhaust paths are independent from each other, and the porous material as a filter attached to the collective exhaust port 5 is the other cell. Since it has a function of blocking the ignition to
The other cells are not ignited, and as a result, the explosion energy is weakened and damage to the structural parts can be suppressed.

The ventilation resistance value of the porous material attached to the gas exhaust port used in this experiment is 1 mm to 100 when the value of the water column manometer is 0.15 l / min.
mm range, the range of this ventilation resistance value is
This is the range normally used. Further, as the material of the porous material, a material based on a crystal of alumina oxide powder was used as in the conventional case.

[0019]

As is clear from the above description, the present invention maintains the required amount of electrolyte until the end of the battery life and explodes in a situation where the environment in which the battery is used is becoming severe with the remarkable development of vehicles. The lead-acid battery for automobiles is highly reliable and inexpensive while keeping the structure that considers maintenance-free appearance in order to reduce the risk of Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view showing the shape of the lid when the top lid of the battery is removed.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a mechanism of collective exhaust in the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional battery.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the battery.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the amount of movement of an electrolytic solution due to vibration of a battery of the present invention and a battery of a conventional product.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing results of presence or absence of damage to structural parts due to rupture such as flammable explosion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Battery Case 2 Lid 3 Upper Lid 4 Porous Material 5 Batch Exhaust Port 6a End Cell Exhaust Hole 6b 2nd Cell Exhaust Hole 6c 3rd Cell Exhaust Hole 7 Note, Exhaust / Recirculation Opening 8 Splashproof Plate 9 Welding Surface I Gas electrolyte

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A lid is provided with an independent gas exhaust path for each cell chamber and at least one or more gas exhaust ports connected to the gas exhaust path, and a porous material is attached to the gas exhaust port. However, the lead-acid battery for automobiles is characterized in that the gas exhaust path of each cell chamber is collectively connected to the outside through this porous material. 2. The ventilation resistance value of the porous material is 0.15 l /
The value of the water column manometer at the time of minute air blowing amount is 1 mm
The lead acid battery for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the lead acid battery has a length of -100 mm. 3. The lead acid battery for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein at least the cathode plate uses a lead-calcium alloy for the lattice body supporting the active material.