JPH08171803A - Surface light source floodlight - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a surface light source floodlight provided with a mechanism for converting a light source, similar to a conventional line or point, into a surface light source having a broad region in order to obtain soft and uniform light needed to the image lighting in movie and TV studios, etc. CONSTITUTION: This floodlight is arranged with a disklike transparent plate 1, wherein the middle part is bored, having the plane shape of a compact disk type; a light source 4, arranged on the center part of the center part hole of the transparent plate 1; and an annular condensing means 6, being located at the periphery of the light source 4 and for condensing the light of the light source toward the end surface 1a of the middle part hole of the transparent plate. Moreover, a diffusing means 2, being arranged at the back surface 1d of the transparent plate and for irregularly reflecting light, being incident from the end surface 1a of the middle part hole of the transparent plate to be progressed, to emit the light outside from a light-emitting surface with the front surface 1c of the transparent plate as the light-emitting surface, is arranged on the end surface 1b of the outer periphery of the transparent plate. Finally, the light is reflected by a reflecting means 3 for reflecting the progressing light.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention attaches great importance to floodlights in lighting equipment used as lighting for a production space, particularly soft and uniform light required for image lighting in movie studios, television studios, etc. The present invention relates to a floodlight using a surface light source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Lighting fixtures used in image lighting in movie studios, television studios, etc. are roughly classified into spotlights and floodlights. The spotlight is mainly used for emphasizing a subject such as a person who plays a leading role, and the floodlight is used for illuminating an entire area including a surrounding studio set as uniformly as possible. The functions required for floodlights are
It is necessary to have a soft light that is even and has no visible shadows. In particular, lighting fixtures with overlapping shadows are not suitable for this type of image lighting, and are disliked by lighting engineers and directors.

Many types of conventionally used floodlights have been put into practical use, but a typical one using a halogen bulb as a light source has many lamps mounted in one lighting fixture. In order to disperse the light in a wide range as much as possible by using a light source that obtains soft light or a long tube lamp with a long filament,
For example, it is intended to obtain uniform light by devising the curvature of the reflector and surface treatment. Also, a typical one using a discharge lamp as a light source is one in which a plurality of fluorescent lamps are arranged in parallel to form a shape close to a surface light source, or a metal halide lamp is used as a light source and a large umbrella-shaped hood is attached and diffused in front of the opening. There is a popular name, umbrella light, with a filter attached.

[0004]

Among these floodlights, those using a halogen bulb as a light source are optically limited in terms of production technology in order to obtain completely uniform softness. For example, when a floodlight equipped with many lamps is turned on and viewed from the front, a difference in brightness between the light source and other parts is recognized, but this may cause a shadow equivalent to the number of lamps. Is shown. Also for a floodlight using a long tube lamp, for example, even if the curvature of the reflector is ideally designed,
It is impossible to eliminate all assembly errors, and the unevenness of light cannot be completely eliminated. As a result, shadows of the subject appear in multiple layers, or dark shadows appear, and the ideal soft light cannot be obtained.

As a method of alleviating the dark shadows and defects in which multiple shadows appear, a diffusing filter is generally attached to the front surface of the luminaire, but in order to reduce the shadows as much as possible, Although a thicker diffusion filter may be used, the transmittance is drastically reduced and the illuminance originally required for illumination is significantly reduced. That is, in order to obtain complete diffused light and necessary illuminance, it is necessary to mount a lamp having an increased capacity, which is not preferable in terms of energy saving.

As a method for avoiding this, a diffusion filter having relatively good transmittance and good diffusivity was also developed, but when the floodlight is viewed from the front, the difference between the vicinity of the light source and other brightness is perfect. In addition, the shadow condition that lighting engineers and directors are satisfied with, that is, the ideal softness as a floodlight has not been obtained. These drawbacks are considerably alleviated in a floodlight using a discharge lamp as a light source. That is, a floodlight of a fluorescent lamp is a lighting fixture in which a plurality of fluorescent lamps are arranged in parallel to have a shape close to that of a surface light source. Suitable as a light.

However, the fluorescent lamp has a limit in the illuminance per unit area occupied by the fixtures. For example, when it is used in a medium or large studio, many fixtures are installed or the illuminated object is irradiated to obtain the illuminance. It is necessary to bring them closer to each other, and there are restrictions on placement. In addition, in order to alleviate this restriction, a compact and relatively high-performance instrument using a fluorescent lamp has been put into practical use, but it is expensive and it is not possible to obtain sufficient illuminance, so it is suitable for medium and large studios. Since many will be arranged, it cannot be said that it is advantageous in terms of total cost.

Further, the umbrella light using a metal halide lamp as a light source has a diffusion filter attached to a large opening area and has a wide light emitting surface, so that it has relatively good softness. However, the relationship between the diffusivity of the diffusion filter and the transmittance has the same problem as described above. That is, a floodlight using a metal halide lamp as a light source is necessary to obtain a large amount of light, but when the floodlight is viewed from the front, the difference between the vicinity of the light source and other brightness becomes larger as the amount of light increases. , The softness of light will be impaired.

[0009]

The present invention solves such a problem by the following means. By replacing a conventional light source close to a line or a point with a wide range surface light source, a completely uniform and soft light source can be obtained. It can provide diffused light and use energy efficiently. The present invention is particularly effective when using a light source with a large amount of light such as a metal halide lamp or an electrodeless lamp.

A transparent plate having a disk shape with a plan view having a hole;
A light source arranged at the center of the central hole of the transparent plate, and an annular light concentrating means around the light source for concentrating the light of the light source toward the end face of the central hole of the transparent plate. A diffusion means for arranging on the back surface of the transparent plate, diffusingly reflecting the light that is incident from the end surface of the central hole of the transparent plate, and outputting the light to the outside from the front surface of the transparent plate as a light emitting surface. And a reflection means arranged on the end face of the outer periphery of the transparent plate to reflect the traveling light. The condensing means is an annular condensing mirror having a pair of elliptic curved surfaces or an annular condensing lens arranged facing each other. The diffusion means is performed by applying a diffusion coating, attaching a diffusion sheet, or processing unevenness. The reflecting means is mirror-finished. The plane shape of the transparent plate may be a polygonal shape or a curved surface shape other than a circle.

A diffusion filter having a high transmittance is arranged or attached to the light emitting surface of the transparent plate so that the light is diffused in a wider area. A grit or an optical lens for condensing light is added to the outside of the light emitting surface of the transparent plate so that the condensing function can be adjusted. A front cover and a back cover are arranged within the central hole of the transparent plate so as to surround the light source and the light collecting means, and at least one outside air is arranged on the front cover and / or the back cover. A cooling means including an air blower for blowing in and an air blower for discharging hot air is further provided. A heat sink is closely attached to the outside of the diffusion means on the back surface of the transparent plate to dissipate the generated heat.

According to these methods, it is possible to eliminate the dark shadows and the multiple shadows that are defects due to the above-mentioned conventional method, and to obtain soft diffused light and ideal light distribution. In addition, it is not necessary to use a diffusion filter with poor transmittance, which is advantageous in terms of energy cost. Further, the present invention is more effective when a light source with a large amount of light such as a metal halide lamp or an electrodeless lamp is used. That is, even if the amount of light is large, by using a light source close to a point light source as a surface light source, high illuminance and softness can be obtained at the same time, so that the defect of the fluorescent lamp or umbrella light can be compensated.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial sectional plan view showing the left half of the first embodiment of the present invention, which is horizontally cut at the position of the transparent plate 1 and the upper part of the cutting line is removed, and FIG. Example of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. The transparent plate 1 is
For example, it is a disk-shaped transparent plate that is an enlarged size of a compact disc (CD) and has a uniform thickness. The material of the transparent plate is selected according to the capacity of the lamp used, but heat-resistant glass is usually used, quartz glass for larger capacity lamps, acrylic plate for smaller capacity lamps, etc. Is also good. Almost the entire back surface of the transparent plate 1 is coated with a diffusion paint 2 as a diffusion means to serve as a light diffusion surface. A diffusion sheet may be attached instead of the diffusion paint 2, or sharp fine irregularities may be processed. Alternatively, a combination of these may be used.

The inner peripheral end surface 1a and the outer peripheral end surface 1b of the disk of the transparent plate 1 are polished, and the inner peripheral end surface 1a becomes a light input surface.
The outer peripheral end surface 1b is a light reflecting surface which is mirror-finished 3 as a reflecting means. The front surface 1c of the transparent plate 1 serves as a light emitting surface of the light diffused by the diffusion paint 2. The lamp 4 is arranged at the center of the central hole of the transparent plate 1. The lamp 4 as a light source is supported by the lamp socket 5. The light from the lamp 4 is attached to the transparent plate 1 on the outer periphery of the lamp 4.
As a light collecting means for collecting light near the center of the thickness of the
A pair of annular condenser mirrors 6 each having an elliptic curved surface are arranged so as to face each other.

A hole slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lamp 4 is formed in the central portion of the condenser mirror 6. The material of the condenser mirror 6 is selected according to the capacity of the lamp, but normally heat-resistant glass is used, and in the case of a large-capacity lamp, quartz glass is used. A processing method that reflects the light is used. In the case of a small capacity lamp, an aluminum material with a mirror finish may be used. Further, an annular condenser lens may be used as this condenser means.

An annular support metal fitting 8 is provided along the entire circumference of the inner peripheral end surface of the transparent plate 1, and the outer circumference of the condenser mirror 6 is attached to the support metal fitting 8 with respect to the inner peripheral end surface of the transparent plate 1. Positioned with high accuracy. Further, a reflection mirror 7 having an outer diameter slightly larger than that of the area without the condenser mirror 6 (a central hole portion) is arranged above the lamp 4. The reflection mirror 7 has a spherical curvature centered on the light emitting portion of the lamp 4, and the reflected light beam is returned to the lamp 4 to improve efficiency. The material of the reflection mirror 7 is the same as that of the condenser mirror 6. Instead of disposing the reflection mirror 7, the lamp 4 may be mirror-finished in the upper and lower outer regions (the hatched portions in the drawing) connecting the inner peripheral end face of the condenser mirror 6 and the center of the lamp. Further, the mirror may be subjected to the above-mentioned mirror finishing, and then the reflection mirror 7 may be arranged.

A front cover 9 and a back cover 12 are arranged so as to surround the lamp 4, the condenser mirror 6 and the reflection mirror 7 in a range slightly larger than the position of the inner peripheral end surface 1a of the transparent plate 1, and the support is provided. Connect with the metal fitting 8. The back cover 12 is provided with a plurality of blowers 10 for blowing cold air into the inside of the cover so as to avoid the central portion. At the center of the front cover 9, an air exhauster 11 that exhausts hot air inside the cover is provided.

A plurality of the blowers 10 may be attached to the front cover 9 and a plurality of the blowers 11 may be attached to the back cover 12.
Further, a plurality of blowers 10 arranged on the back cover 12 may be combined with a discharge port having a function of discharging hot air at the center of the front cover 9 to prevent light leakage. As the blower 10 and the exhaust fan 11, low noise type fans that rotate at a relatively low speed are selected.

There is an opening at the center of the back cover 12,
The lamp socket 5 can be attached from the outside, and the lamp 4 can be easily replaced from the outside. A heat sink 13 is adhered to the outside (preferably almost the entire surface) of the diffusion paint 2 applied to the back surface 1d of the transparent plate 1 to dissipate the heat generated from the transparent plate 1 and the diffusion paint 2, And the diffusion paint 2 is protected. Further, a heat sink 15 is provided outside the outer peripheral end surface 1b of the transparent plate 1 to dissipate the heat generated from the mirror surface processing 3 of the transparent plate 1. The heat sink 15 also supports the outer periphery of the transparent plate 1. A plurality of support arms 14 that support the heat sink 13 and the heat sink 15 are attached to the outer peripheral side surface of the back cover 12.

[0020]

The function and its characteristic, and the cooling function and its characteristic for obtaining the path of light, the uniformity of light and the ideal light distribution by the above method and apparatus will be described.

In FIG. 2, the light emitted from the lamp 4 is reflected directly or by the condenser mirror 6, is condensed on substantially the center line of the inner peripheral end surface of the transparent plate 1, and enters the transparent plate 1.
The entering light travels toward the outer peripheral end surface 1b of the transparent plate while repeating total reflection in the thickness direction of the transparent plate 1. on the other hand,
Of the light emitted from the lamp 4, the light that has deviated from above the range without the condenser mirror 6 (the hole in the center) is returned to the lamp 4 by the reflection mirror 7 to increase the efficiency. The transparent plate 1
The light that has entered the is diffusely reflected by the diffusion paint 2 applied to the back surface 1d of the transparent plate 1 and emitted from the front surface 1c of the transparent plate 1. The light that has entered the transparent plate 1 is reflected by the surface of the mirror-finished surface 3 which is the final end of the transparent plate 1, folded back, diffusely reflected by the diffusion paint 2, and emitted from the front surface 1 c of the transparent plate 1.

In this process, the amount of light emitted from the front surface 1c of the transparent plate 1 gradually decreases in the traveling direction of the transparent plate 1. Furthermore, since the present invention uses a transparent plate having a holed disk shape, the cross-sectional area increases toward the outer periphery,
There is an extreme difference between the amount of light emitted per unit area near the lamp 4 and the amount of light emitted per unit area near the outer periphery of the lamp 4. That is, although unevenness of light occurs as a surface light source, the present invention increases the inclination of the light amount as the diffusion function of the diffusion coating 2 is farther from the lamp 4, and reflects on the surface of the mirror-finished surface 3. The solution is to increase diffusion after folding back.

Although it is usually difficult to adjust the diffusion function, the perforated disk-shaped transparent plate, which is a feature of the present invention, has a short traveling distance of light with respect to the ratio of the surface area of the light emitting surface. Is possible. However, when the outer diameter of the transparent plate 1 is increased, even if the adjustment is optimized, the distribution of the outgoing light in the traveling direction is high at both ends and low in the middle, that is, in a so-called “light drop” state. Therefore, it is better that the diffusing means is not a diffusing paint, but the fine unevenness is increased or decreased in the light traveling direction, or a combination thereof is used. It should be noted that the degree of influence of light unevenness on the irradiation surface as the surface light source is comparatively small if the transparent plate having a disk shape with a hole, which is a feature of the present invention, is used because the light source as a surface has a ring shape. It is important to take measures against heat and heat dissipation from this type of lighting equipment.

According to the present invention, a plurality of blowers 1 arranged on the back cover 12 serve as cooling means for the high-heated portion near the light source.
The cool air is blown into the inside of the cover by 0 to cool the lower condenser mirror 6, the lamp socket 5, the lamp 4, the reflection mirror 7 and the upper condenser mirror 6 in sequence, and the exhaust air disposed in the central portion of the front cover 9 is discharged. The hot air inside is discharged by the air blower 11.

Further, the heat generated from the diffusion paint 2 applied to the back surface of the transparent plate 1 is efficiently absorbed and dissipated by the heat sink 13 adhered to almost the entire surface to protect the transparent plate 1 and the diffusion paint 2. ing. When the diffusion paint 2 and the heat sink 13 are brought into close contact with each other, an elastic adhesive having good thermal conductivity, absorbing the difference in thermal expansion between the transparent plate 1 and the heat sink 13, and not hardening even at high temperature is used.

Further, the heat generated from the mirror surface processing 3 on the outer peripheral surface of the transparent plate 1 is efficiently absorbed and dissipated by the heat sink 15, and the transparent plate 1 and the surface 1 subjected to the mirror surface processing 3
b is protected. As an example of the present invention, a floodlight using a perforated disc-shaped transparent plate has been described.
Even if the outer shape of the transparent plate is polygonal or has a curved surface other than a circle, depending on the purpose, it can sufficiently function.

In the second method of the present invention (not shown), the outer shape of the transparent plate is polygonal or has a curved surface other than a circle. For example, when the outer shape of the transparent plate is a hexagon. ,
Structurally, the shape of the heat sink 15 on the outer periphery of the mirror-finished transparent plate is changed from a circular shape to a hexagonal shape, and the other structures may be the same.

Functionally, the light emitted from the lamp 4 and entering the transparent plate 1 is repeatedly subjected to total reflection in the thickness direction of the transparent plate 1 and is subjected to the mirror finishing 3 which is the final end of the transparent plate 1. It is the same as in the above-described embodiment until the surface 1b is reached. After that, when light is reflected back to the center in the above-described embodiment, the light is reflected toward the center of the perforated disc, whereas when the outer shape of the transparent plate is, for example, a regular hexagon, the surface of the mirror-finished 3 is obtained. Is a regular hexagon, it reflects with a maximum angle of 30 °. Such a reflection method does not significantly affect the unevenness of the light emitting surface. That is, the light reflected on each side of the regular hexagon intersects with each other to maintain uniformity. However, the distance from the incident surface of light to the reflecting surface is different by about 15% between the central part of the side and the corner part of the side, so that it becomes difficult to adjust the reflecting means as compared with the above embodiment.

This tendency has a greater effect as the number of corners of the polygon is smaller, and even when the transparent plate has a curved surface other than a circle, for example, an ellipse, from the light incident surface to the light reflecting surface. Since the distance is significantly changed, it becomes difficult to adjust the reflection means in order to make the light distribution on the entire surface of the transparent plate uniform. That is, when the outer shape of the transparent plate according to the first embodiment of the present invention is circular, the light distribution is most likely to be uniform.

However, depending on the purpose of use, a shape other than a circle may be effective in terms of light distribution design, layout restrictions, and handling. For example, the function required for a floodlight in a production space is to illuminate a wide range as uniformly as possible including the surrounding studio set as described above, but depending on the content of the production, an unnecessary range of light may be emitted. Often barred doors and hoods are used to cut them.
In that case, it is structurally more convenient to attach a burner door or a hood when the outer shape of the above embodiment is a quadrangle or a hexagon rather than a circle. In addition, while securing a light emitting surface as large as possible as a floodlight, in order to avoid interference with surrounding lighting equipment and other equipment, or when attaching to an arm for remote control, the external shape is circular. A square or hexagon is more convenient in terms of placement and handling than a square.

Further, as described above, it is important that the floodlight does not have multiple shadows. However, in order to reduce this influence particularly in the left and right directions, a transparent plate having a horizontally long elliptical shape or the like is used. It is effective to Such a transparent plate shape other than the circular shape may be freely selected depending on the purpose of use, although the diffusion means is difficult.
According to the present invention, there is a great feature that the outer shape can be freely changed without changing the basic shape. In some cases, transparent plates having various outer shapes are prepared and used by changing them according to the purpose of use. It can be done easily.

In the third method of the present invention (not shown), a diffusion filter having a high transmittance is arranged on the light exit surface of the transparent plate 1 in comparison with the first and second methods of the present invention. It is installed or attached so as to diffuse light in a wider range. It is used when light with higher softness is required, although the efficiency is slightly lowered. In this case, since the present invention is premised on the surface light source, it is not necessary to use a diffusion filter having a poor transmittance, and the efficiency is slightly reduced.

The fourth method of the present invention (not shown) is the same as the first, second and third methods of the present invention.
By attaching a grit that collects light or an optical lens to the outer front surface of the entire transparent surface of the transparent plate 1 to provide a light collecting function, the light emitted from the transparent surface of the transparent plate 1 is projected to a target range. It is designed to be able to shine. That is, the present invention has a function as a floodlight, and at the same time, a function similar to a spotlight can be easily obtained by adding the accessory.

The fourth method of the present invention is based on the assumption that the transparent plate 1 has a uniform thickness.
Instead of mounting the optical lens of method on the outside of the light output surface,
It is also possible to change the thickness of the transparent plate to provide a light collecting function. However, in this case, the degree of light spread is fixed.

[0035]

As described above, according to the surface light source floodlight of the present invention, the shadow condition, the soft diffused light, and the ideal light distribution that are satisfied by the lighting engineer or the director can be obtained. . In addition, the size of the lighting fixture is extremely small, particularly in the thickness direction, and the weight is light, so that the lighting fixture is easy to handle. In addition, since the lighting fixture itself has a simple structure, it can be manufactured at low cost, and at the same time, there are few failures. In particular, in the present invention, by using a high-intensity metal halide lamp or an electrodeless lamp, it is possible to make up for the drawbacks of a floodlight using a fluorescent lamp and a so-called umbrella light. Furthermore, by adding an accessory such as a grit that collects light or an optical lens, a function similar to a spotlight can be easily obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a part of a first embodiment of the present invention in section.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Transparent Plate 2 Diffusion Paint 3 Mirror Finish 4 Lamp 5 Lamp Socket 6 Condensing Mirror 7 Reflecting Mirror 8 Supporting Metal 9 Front Cover 10 Blower 11 Blower 12 Back Cover 13 Heat Sink 14 Support Arm 15 Heat Sink

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A transparent plate having a disk shape with a hole having a central portion in a plan view, a light source arranged in the central portion of a hole in the central portion of the transparent plate, and surrounding the light source, the light from the light source is transparent. An annular light collecting means for collecting light toward the end surface of the central hole of the plate, and a transparent plate disposed on the back surface of the transparent plate to diffusely reflect light incident from the end surface of the central hole of the transparent plate, The front surface of the plate is a light emitting surface, and a diffusing means for emitting light to the outside from the light emitting surface; and a reflecting means arranged on the end surface of the outer periphery of the transparent plate for reflecting the advancing light. Surface light flood light 2. The surface according to claim 1, wherein the light collecting means is an annular light collecting mirror having a pair of elliptic curved surfaces or an annular light collecting lens arranged opposite to each other. Light source floodlight. 3. The surface light source floodlight according to claim 1, wherein the diffusing means is disposed on the back surface of the transparent plate by applying a diffusing paint, attaching a diffusing sheet, or processing unevenness. . 4. The surface light source floodlight according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the reflecting means is provided by mirror finishing. 5. The planar shape of the transparent plate is polygonal or has a curved surface other than a circle.
The surface light source floodlight described in 2, 3, or 4. 6. A light-diffusing filter having a high transmittance is arranged or attached on the light-exiting surface of the transparent plate to diffuse light in a wider range.
The surface light source floodlight described in 4 or 5. 7. A grit or an optical lens for condensing light is added to the outside of the light emitting surface of the transparent plate so as to have a condensing function. 6
The surface light source flood light described. 8. In the range of the central hole of the transparent plate,
A front cover and a back cover are arranged so as to surround the light source and the light condensing unit, and a cooling unit including a blower for sending the outside air, which is arranged on the front cover and / or the back cover, and an exhauster for discharging hot air is provided. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
The surface light source floodlight described in 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. 9. A heat dissipating means for adhering a heat sink to the outside of the diffusing means on the back surface of the transparent plate to dissipate the generated heat, further comprising:
The surface light source floodlight described in 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.