JPH08170653A - Wet multidisk clutch device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent a drag between each clutch plate and each separator by providing a mountain part and a bottom part in three parts or more in the peripheral direction in a wave spring of pressing back each clutch plate in a condition that driving gear driving is released between the separators. CONSTITUTION: When a retarder switch is turned off, by action of a spring 23, not only a connecting member 20 and the second bearing 61 but also a movable pressure plate 64 are reset, to disconnect a clutch device 63. Here is elastically restored a wave spring 67, to respectively press back adjacent separators 68 separated. Since the spring 67 has a mountain part 67a and a bottom part 67b in three parts or more in the peripheral direction, pressing back the separator 68 is surely performed. A width D in a center axial line direction of the mountain parts 67a, 67a, formed in both sides with the spring 67 in a free condition, is set larger than thickness of a clutch plate 66 without wearing a frictional member, and a drag between a plate 66, pressure plate 65 and each separator 68 can be well prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wet multi-plate clutch device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A large-sized vehicle such as a truck or a bus is known in which a case is provided with a fluid type retarder device for constantly filling a working liquid. The fluid retarder device generates a braking torque when descending a slope, decelerating from a high speed, or the like to prevent a fade due to an increase in temperature of the friction brake device, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle and the durability of the friction material. A fluid retarder device includes a rotor that can be fixed to a rotating shaft that rotates together with wheels such as a propeller shaft, and a stator that is non-rotatably fixed to the vehicle body side in a case, and a wet multi-plate clutch device is used. The rotor is connected and fixed to the rotating shaft side, and the working liquid is agitated by the rotor,
Braking torque is generated by friction loss of the working liquid and collision loss with the stator. The rotary shaft is rotatably and liquid-tightly penetrated through the case with an oil seal and a bearing interposed between the rotary shaft and both ends of the case.

A wet multi-plate clutch device of such a fluid type retarder device is integrally formed with a rotor, has a separator case and a pressure plate which are rotatably supported by the case and have a central axis aligned with a rotating shaft, and a separator. A plurality of separators spline-coupled to the inner peripheral surface of the case and movably supported in the central axis direction, a movable pressure plate rotatably supported in the case side and movably in the central axis direction, and a rotary shaft. Has a plurality of clutch plates that are spline-coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft so as to be movable in the axial direction and are individually sandwiched between the pressure plates and the separators.

However, in such a conventional wet multi-plate clutch device, a release spring, particularly a wave spring, is not provided between each clutch plate and each pressure plate and each separator, so that the drive is not possible. In the clutch disengaged state in which the drive by the device is released, there is a technical problem that a sticking phenomenon is liable to occur which intervenes a liquid film between each clutch plate, each pressure plate, and each separator, which causes drag torque. It was When the wet multi-plate clutch device is provided in the fluid retarder device, the fuel efficiency of the vehicle is deteriorated and the acceleration performance is deteriorated.

[0005]

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional technical problems, and has the following configuration. The configuration of the invention of claim 1 is the rotary shaft 4
Case 5 that is provided around and is filled with the working fluid at all times
3 and a wet multi-plate clutch device 63 arranged in the case 53 and driven by the driving device 22 to connect or disconnect the rotated member 56 and the rotating shaft 4 to each other. The separator case 57 and the pressure plate 65, which are integral with each other, are aligned with the central axis of the rotary shaft 4 and are rotatably supported by the case 53, and are engaged with the spline grooves 57a on the inner peripheral surface of the separator case 57 to form the central axis. A plurality of separators 68 movably supported in any direction
And is rotatably supported on the case 53 side, and is driven by the drive device 22.
A movable pressure plate 64, which is driven in the direction of the central axis, by a spline coupling to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 4 so as to be movable in the direction of the central axis.
5, each separator 68 and movable pressure plate 6
A plurality of clutch plates 6 individually sandwiched between the four
6 and a wave spring 67 interposed between at least the adjacent separators 68 and pushing back the adjacent clutch plate 66 in a state where the drive by the drive device 22 is released. The wet multi-plate clutch device is characterized in that it has three or more peaks 67a and valleys 67b. According to the configuration of the invention of claim 2, the outer periphery of the wave spring 67 is
2. A plurality of protrusions 67c are provided so as to protrude, and the protrusions 67c engage with the spline grooves 57a on the inner peripheral surface of the separator case 57 so as to be slidable in the central axis direction. It is a wet multi-plate clutch device. Claim 3
The configuration of the invention of No.
3. The wet multi-plate clutch device according to claim 1, further comprising an oil groove 66a extending substantially in a radial direction. In the configuration of the invention of claim 4, the rotated member 56 is a rotor, the case 53 is provided around the rotating shaft 4 rotating with the wheels, and the rotor 56 and the non-rotating stator 55 are provided.
4. The wet multi-plate clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the case is a case of a fluid type retarder device that accommodates the.

[Action]

According to the first aspect of the invention, when the movable pressure plate 64 is pushed in by the drive unit 22 while the rotary shaft 4 is rotating, each pressure is applied to the clutch plate 66 rotating integrally with the rotary shaft 4. Plates 64,6
5 and the separator 68 are pressed, the clutch device 6
3 connect. As a result, the rotated member 56 moves the rotating shaft 4
And start to rotate together. At that time, the wave spring 67 interposed between the separators 68 is compressed and elastically deformed.

When the pushing of the movable pressure plate 64 by the driving device 22 is released, the clutch device 63 is disengaged. At that time, each wave spring 67 elastically restores, and the adjacent separators 68 are pushed back and separated. As a result, the restraint of each clutch plate 66 by the separator 68 is released, and dragging between each clutch plate 66 and each separator 68 is less likely to occur. Since the wave spring 67 has three or more peaks 67a and valleys 67b in the circumferential direction, the separator 6
Push back of 8 is surely done.

Further, when the separators 68 are elastically pushed back by the action of the respective wave springs 67 and separated from each other at a predetermined interval, the working liquid filled in the case 53 is pushed by the respective clutch plates 66. Stirred,
A flow of the working liquid in the circumferential direction is generated inside the separator case 57. The flow of the working liquid flows on both sides of the wave spring 67 from the valleys 67b toward the peaks 67a, and flows between the peaks 67a and the separators 68 to form gaps. Therefore, the wave spring 67 is easily restored to the free state, and in this state, the drag between each clutch plate 66 and each separator 68 is favorably prevented, and the wave spring 67 is constantly pressed between the separators 68. It is prevented that the elastic restoring force gradually decreases.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the wave spring 67 is rotated by the flow of the working liquid because the projection 67c is engaged with the spline groove 57a of the separator case 57 and the relative rotation is restricted. Co-rotation with the shaft 4 is prevented.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the working liquid flowing into the oil groove 66a not only promotes the cooling of each clutch plate 66, but the working liquid in the case 53 causes the oil groove of each clutch plate 66 to flow. 66a is effectively agitated to generate a circumferential flow of the working liquid inside the separator case 57. The flow of the working liquid flows from the trough portion 67b toward the crest portion 67a on both sides of the wave spring 67, and flows between the crest portion 67a and each separator 68 to form a gap. Therefore, the wave spring 67
Is easily restored to a free state, drag between each clutch plate 66 and each separator 68 is well prevented, and the wave spring 67 is constantly pressed between the separators 68 to gradually weaken the elastic restoring force. Is prevented.

According to the invention of claim 4, the action of the above-mentioned wet multi-plate clutch device can be obtained in the fluid type retarder device.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show an embodiment in which the wet multi-plate clutch device according to the present invention is applied to a fluid type retarder device. The fluid type retarder device has a case 5 in which a rotor side case 51 and a stator side case 52 are integrally fixed by a plurality of bolts 30 with a seal ring 40 interposed.
3 The case 53 is fixed to a member on the vehicle body such as a side member of a frame (not shown) or a transmission rear cover and is non-rotatable. At the center of the rotor-side case 51 and the stator-side case 52, there are labyrinth seals 8 and 8, oil seals 16 and 16 and bearings 33 and 33, each of which includes two sets of rotary shafts 4 such as a transmission output shaft.
1 are symmetric with respect to FIG. 1 and are rotatably and liquid-tightly penetrated. The rotary shaft 4 is connected to wheels via a propeller shaft (not shown) and rotates together with the wheels. The main rotary shaft 4a and the sub rotary shaft 4b are connected to the outer cylinder member 4e by serration, and bolts and nuts are used. It is fixed at 4c. 4d is a seal ring.

In this way, the rotary shaft 4 is partitioned by the case 53 in which the oil seals 16 and 16 and the labyrinth seals 8 are interposed around the rotary shaft 4, and the working liquid (oil or water) is constantly operated.
Liquid-tightly define the filled and filled retarder chamber 54. In the retarder chamber 54, the stator side case 52
And a stator 55 having radial fins centered on the rotation shaft 4 are provided inside the rotor-side case 51, and the stator 55 is located inside the rotor-side case 51 to face the stator 55. A rotor 56, which is a rotated member that can be fixed to a member such that it cannot rotate relative to the member, is provided. The stator 55 is clamped to the stator side case 52 by a plurality of supporting portions protruding in the circumferential direction, and is fixed to the vehicle body side member substantially non-rotatably by a bolt 70. Further, the working fluid inlet 59a is provided in the stator side case 52 located above the retarder chamber 54, and the working fluid outlet 59b is provided in the rotor side case 51 located above the retarder chamber 54.

Further, on the inner peripheral portion of the rotor 56, an annular movable pressure plate 64 and a plurality of separators 68 are splined to the spline groove 57a on the inner peripheral surface so as to be slidable in the central axis direction. A supporting cylindrical separator case 57 is fixed together with the pressure plate 65 with bolts 41. The separator case 57 is rotatably supported by the case 53 via a pair of first bearings 62, and is rotatable with respect to the rotating shaft 4 and the central axis line. Are matched. That is,
The first bearing 62 is provided such that the outer ring is press-fitted and fixed to a fixing member 51a that is integral with the rotor-side case 51, and holds the rolling element between itself and the inner ring. Then, the pressure plate 65 that is integral with the separator case 57 and is not movable in the axial direction.
The inner ring of the first bearing 62 is press-fitted and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the tubular portion.

Further, a pair of second bearings 61 are provided by press-fitting and fixing the inner ring of the second bearing 61 to the annular step surface of the movable pressure plate 64 located at one end, and hold the rolling element between it and the outer ring. . The outer ring of the second bearing 61 is press-fitted and fixed to the annular step surface of the connecting member 20 having an annular shape, and a plunger member 21 described later can contact one side surface of the connecting member 20. The connection member 20 is slidably fitted in the cylindrical surface of the stator side case 52 in the central axis direction.

Therefore, the separator case 57 supporting the rotor 56 has a pressure plate 65 at the other end.
Also, the rotor side case 51 is rotatably positively supported by the rotor side case 51 via the first bearing 62, and one end thereof is rotatable by the stator side case 52 via the movable pressure plate 64, the second bearing 61 and the connecting member 20. Be passively supported by.

On the other hand, the plurality of clutch plates 66 are
The rotary shaft 4, specifically, a spline groove 4f on the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 4e is spline-coupled so as to be movable in the axial direction,
The pressure plates 64, 65 and the separator 68 are individually sandwiched. Each clutch plate 66
Has a normal structure in which friction materials are fixed to both surfaces of an annular core plate, and the friction material connection surfaces on both surfaces of each clutch plate 66 extend substantially in the radial direction as shown in FIG. The oil grooves 66a are formed radially. The oil groove 66a has an essential function of increasing the amount of the working liquid held in the friction material and the amount of circulation of the working liquid to promote heat release, thereby suppressing thermal deterioration of the friction material and oxidative decomposition of the working liquid. The separator case 57 and the pressure plate 6
4, 65, the separator 68, the clutch plate 66, and the like constitute a wet multi-plate clutch device 63 capable of connecting and disconnecting the rotor shaft 4 side member and the rotor 56.

Therefore, the pressure plates 64 and 6 are different from the clutch plates 66 which rotate integrally with the rotary shaft 4.
By pressing 5 and the separator 68, the clutch device 63 is connected, and the separator case 57, which is rotatably supported by the non-rotating portion of the case 53 via the first bearing 62, rotates. The rotor 56 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 4.

Next, the plunger member 21 and the drive device 22 for connecting and driving the clutch device 63 will be described.
The drive device 22 is driven when the retarder switch (not shown) is turned on, and the clutch device 63 is connected and operated. An air chamber 29 is defined between the cylinder member 24 fixed to the stator side case 52 with a bolt 30 and an annular piston member 25 slidably fitted in the cylinder member 24 in the central axis direction. There is. A pressure air supply source is connected to the air chamber 29 via a switching valve (not shown) so that the pressure air can be supplied to or drained from the air chamber 29 by the switching operation of the switching valve. ing. The piston member 25 is the connecting member 20.
The return is always urged by the spring 23 that is interposed between the stator 55 and the inner peripheral portion of the stator 55 by being compressed. 35
Is an air vent hole.

Supplying compressed air from the outside to the air chamber 29,
The piston member 25 is slid to the left in the drawing, and the stator-side case 52 is inserted in a liquid-tight and slidable manner.
The connecting member 20 that connects the outer ring of the bearing 61 is pushed in. As a result, since the movable pressure plate 64 is pushed in via the second bearing 61, each pressure plate 6
4, 65 and the separator 68 between the clutch plates 6
6 is clamped, the clutch device 63 is connected, and the rotor 56 starts rotating integrally with the rotating shaft 4 via the clutch plates 66, the pressure plates 64, 65, the separator 68, and the separator case 57.

The pressure plate 65, the separators 68, and the movable pressure plate 64 are located between the pressure plates 65, that is, on the outer peripheral side of the clutch plates 66.
An annular wave spring 67 detailed in FIG. 4 is interposed. The central wave spring 6 shown in FIG.
7 is not shown in cross-section, unlike the wave springs 67 on both sides. The wave spring 67 has a function of preventing the generation of drag torque due to the sticking phenomenon of the wet multi-plate clutch device 63 in a state where the drive by the drive device 22 is released, and the wave spring 67 is an original function of the clutch device 63. It must not interfere with some connection. Therefore, the same wave spring 67 (spring constant, shape, etc.) is interposed between the outer periphery of each clutch plate 66 and the inner peripheral surface of the separator case 57, and its thickness d (see FIG. 4). ) Is set to be smaller than the thickness when the friction materials on both surfaces of each clutch plate 66 are sufficiently worn. The wave spring 67 is formed by annularly forming a wire rod having a plate shape, a round bar shape, or the like.

Such a wave spring 67 is gently curved in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
Three or more peaks 67a and troughs 67b are provided on both side surfaces (six in this embodiment). Wave portions 67 are formed on both sides in a free state, and have mountain portions 67a, 67.
The width D of the a in the direction of the central axis is set to be slightly larger than the thickness of the clutch plate 66 which is new and in which the friction material is not worn. When viewed from the back side, the mountain portion 6
Reference numeral 7a is a valley portion, and valley portion 67b is a mountain portion. Further, a plurality of (two in this embodiment) projections 67c are radially provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer circumference of the wave spring 67, and the projections 67c are formed in the separator case 57.
It engages with the spline groove 57a on the inner peripheral surface of, to support slidably in the direction of the central axis and restrain relative rotation.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. First, the operation of the fluid type retarder device will be described. While the vehicle is running, a retarder switch (not shown) is turned on to drive the drive device 22 to drive the clutch device 63.
Connect and operate. As a result, the rotor 56 becomes
And the integral rotation with. In this way, the operation of the fluid retarder device is started, and the function as a retarder is exhibited while the velocity energy of the working liquid generated by the stirring by the rotor 56 is absorbed by the stator 55. That is, the self-pumping action of the rotor 56 or the electrically-operated separate pump causes the working liquid that also serves as the cooling liquid to flow into the working fluid inlet 5
In the circulating state in which the fluid flows in from 9a and flows out from the working fluid outlet 59b, the kinetic energy of the rotor 56 is transmitted to the working liquid as heat, and a deceleration action occurs. At that time, the clutch liquid 63 is also cooled by the working liquid.

When the retarder switch is turned off and the pressurized air in the air chamber 29 is drained, the piston member 25,
The plunger member 21, the connecting member 20, and the second bearing 61 are returned by the action of the spring 23, and the clutch device 6
Since 3 is cut, the rotation of the rotor 56 is substantially stopped. As a result, the velocity energy of the working liquid does not act on the stator 55, and the operation of the fluid retarder device is stopped.

Next, the operation of the wet multi-plate clutch device 63 will be described. If the movable pressure plate 64 is pushed in by the drive device 22 by starting (ON) the braking operation of the fluid type retarder device, the pressure plates 64, 65 and the separator will be separated from the clutch plate 66 rotating integrally with the rotary shaft 4. 68 is pressed and the clutch device 63 is connected. At that time, the pressure plate 6
5, each separator 68 and movable pressure plate 6
The wave spring 67 interposed between 4 and 4 is compressed and elastically deformed. Wave spring 67 thickness d
Is set to be smaller than the thickness when the friction materials on both sides of each clutch plate 66 are sufficiently worn,
Even with the worn clutch plate 66, the connection surface is in close contact with the pressure plate 65, each separator 68, and the movable pressure plate 64, and the connected state of the clutch device 63 is reliably obtained.

When the retarder switch is turned off, the connecting member 2 is actuated by the action of the spring 23 as described above.
Not only the 0 and the second bearing 61 but also the movable pressure plate 64 is restored, and the clutch device 63 is disengaged. At that time, each wave spring 67 elastically restores, and the adjacent separators 68 are pushed back and separated.
Since the wave spring 67 has three or more crests 67a and troughs 67b in the circumferential direction, the separator 68 is reliably pushed back. The wave spring 67 is formed on both sides in a free state, and the peak portions 67a, 67 are formed.
Since the width D of the a in the direction of the central axis is set to be slightly larger than the thickness of the clutch plate 66 which is new and in which the friction material is not worn, the clutch plate 66, the pressure plate 65, and the separators 68 are It is possible to effectively prevent the dragging.

Further, when the separators 68 are elastically pushed back by the action of the respective wave springs 67 and are separated from each other at a predetermined interval, the working liquid filled in the case 53 is separated by the respective clutch plates 66. Stirred,
As indicated by a symbol A in FIG. 6, a flow of the working liquid in the circumferential direction is generated inside the separator case 57. The flow A of the working liquid flows on both side surfaces of the wave spring 67 from the valley portion 67b toward the mountain portion 67a.
It flows in between a and each separator 68 to form a gap. The oil groove 66a of each clutch plate 66 increases this stirring action and promotes the flow A of the working liquid in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the wave spring 67 is easily restored to the free state, the drag between each clutch plate 66, the pressure plate 65, and each separator 68 is well prevented, and the wave spring 67 is constantly clamped between the separators 68. It is prevented that the elastic restoring force is gradually weakened.

Further, the wave spring 67 has the projection 67c engaged with the spline groove 57a of the separator case 57 and is restricted from relative rotation, so that the wave spring 67 rotates together with the rotary shaft 4 by the flow A of the working liquid. Is prevented.
As a result, not only is it possible to prevent the spline groove 57a of the separator case 57 from being worn by sliding of the wave spring 67, but also to prevent abnormal noise from being generated.

In the above embodiment, the wave spring 67 is interposed between the pressure plate 65, each separator 68 and the movable pressure plate 64. The movable pressure plate 64 is connected by the spring 23. Return is being urged. Therefore, the wave spring 67 has at least the adjacent separator 68.
By interposing the clutch plates 66 in correspondence with each other, it is possible to obtain substantially the same action with respect to prevention of sliding contact between each clutch plate 66 and each separator 68.

[0030]

As can be understood from the above description,
According to the wet multi-plate clutch device of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In the disengaged state of the clutch device, the drag torque due to the sticking phenomenon between the plurality of clutch plates and the separator can be reduced, and energy can be saved. According to the invention of claim 2, the projection of the wave spring is engaged with the spline groove of the separator case to prevent co-rotation of the wave spring. Therefore, abrasion of the spline groove occurs due to sliding of the wave spring. Is prevented. In addition, when the clutch device is connected and disconnected, the wave spring is prevented from sliding against the separator case while flapping, and the plurality of separators are evenly divided, so that only abnormal noise is prevented. Therefore, the operation of the clutch device can be stably obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the gap between the plurality of separators and the wave spring is easily formed, so that the deterioration of the durability of the wave spring is suppressed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a fluid type retarder device including a wet multi-plate clutch device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a main part of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the same wave spring.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a wave spring of the same.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a clutch plate of the same.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the action of the wave spring.

[Explanation of symbols]

4: rotary shaft, 22: drive device, 29: air chamber, 33: bearing, 51: rotor side case, 52: stator side case,
53: case, 54: retarder chamber, 55: stator, 5
6: rotor (rotated member), 57: separator case,
57a: Spline groove, 59a: Working fluid inlet, 59
b: working fluid outlet, 61: second bearing, 62: first bearing,
63: Wet multi-plate clutch device, 64: Movable pressure plate, 65: Pressure plate, 66: Clutch plate, 66a: Oil groove, 67: Wave spring, 67a: Mountain portion, 67b: Valley portion, 67c: Projection portion , 6
8: Separator.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A case (53) which is provided around a rotating shaft (4) and is constantly filled with a working liquid, and a case (53).
A wet multi-plate clutch device (63) which is disposed inside and is driven by a drive device (22) to connect or disconnect the rotated member (56) and the rotating shaft (4), A separator case (57) and a pressure plate (6) which are integrated with the member (56) and whose central axis coincides with the rotation axis (4) and are rotatably supported by the case (53).
5), a plurality of separators (68) that are movably supported in the central axis direction by being engaged with spline grooves (57a) on the inner peripheral surface of the separator case (57), and the case (5
A movable pressure plate (64) rotatably supported on the side 3) and driven in the central axis direction by a drive device (22), and movably in the central axis direction on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft (4). A plurality of clutch plates (66) spline-coupled and individually sandwiched between the pressure plate (65), each separator (68), and the movable pressure plate (64), and at least the adjacent separator (68) And the adjacent clutch plate (6).
6) has a wave spring (67) for pushing back,
The wet multi-plate clutch device, wherein the wave spring (67) has three or more peaks (67a) and valleys (67b) in the circumferential direction. 2. The outer circumference of the wave spring (67),
A plurality of protrusions (67c) are provided in a protruding manner.
7. The wet multi-plate clutch device according to claim 1, wherein 7c) is slidably engaged with a spline groove (57a) on the inner peripheral surface of the separator case (57) in the central axis direction. 3. The wet multi-plate clutch device according to claim 1, wherein an oil groove (66a) extending substantially in a radial direction is provided on a connecting surface of each clutch plate (66). 4. The rotated member (56) is a rotor, and the case (53) is provided around a rotating shaft (4) that rotates together with the wheels, and the rotor (56) and the non-rotating stator (55) are provided. 4. The wet multi-plate clutch device according to claim 1, which is a case of a fluid type retarder device to be housed.