JPH081644A - Production of concrete product, form-removing device, form, and concrete product - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a labor for producing a thin-wall concrete product and shorten a process by a method wherein a form inside a concrete product can be removed without embedding a hanging hook or the like in the concrete product in the production of a cylindrical concrete product, such as a catch basin or a handhole. CONSTITUTION:A groove provided on the outer peripheral surface of a concrete basin 5 is gripped by pads 35 mounted on the tops of arms 31. The concrete basin 5 is lifted together with a form 65 inside the concrete basin 5. The form 65 is struck by a hammer 41 mounted on the lower part of a frame 11 inside the arms 31. In this manner, the form 65 is vibrated and released from the concrete basin 5, thereafter falling under its own weight. After that, the concrete basin 5 with the form 65 removed can be carried out in the state that it is gripped by a form removing device 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a concrete product which can be easily removed from a concrete product prefabricated in a factory such as a drainage basin or a handhole, from which a formwork used for producing these concrete products is easily removed. And a manufacturing method, and further relates to a mold removing device and a mold suitable for the manufacturing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When manufacturing a substantially cylindrical concrete product such as a drainage basin and a handhole in a factory, an outer peripheral frame defining the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product and an inner peripheral frame defining the inner peripheral surface are used. To be At the time of manufacturing, an inner peripheral frame molded or assembled into a substantially cylindrical shape is installed on a flat base, and an outer peripheral frame having a size slightly larger than the inner peripheral frame is installed on the outer side thereof. Then, concrete is poured into a space formed between the outer peripheral frame and the inner peripheral frame to manufacture a concrete product.

After pouring the concrete, it is necessary to take it out of the mold from the concrete product such as a drainage basin when a predetermined curing period has passed. Since the outer peripheral frame is on the outside of the concrete product, a sufficient work space for disassembling can be secured and the demolding work can be easily performed. However, the inner frame either disintegrates inside the tubular concrete product, or
It is necessary to remove it from the concrete product in the shape of its head. In a small box, since the space inside the concrete product is narrow, it is difficult to disassemble the inner peripheral frame, so the concrete product is generally extracted from the formwork. At that time, the side wall of the concrete product is often tapered so that the concrete product can be easily extracted, or the concrete product is often extracted upward by slightly deforming the inner peripheral frame from its regular shape.

[0004]

In order to facilitate the demolding, even if the inner surface of the container is tapered or the inner peripheral frame is deformable, the worker strikes the base. It is necessary to peel the inner peripheral frame from the concrete product by giving an impact such as hitting the exposed portion of the inner peripheral frame. Such work imposes a heavy burden on the worker, which is an obstacle to improving the work environment and improving work efficiency.

In recent years, concrete products prefabricated in these factories have been made thinner and lighter by using a material such as GRC. This is because reducing the weight reduces transportation costs and facilitates on-site handling. In such a thin-walled box, since the wall thickness is small, there is a problem that the taper for facilitating the removal of the mold cannot be made large. On the contrary, if the taper is increased, the wall thickness becomes thicker, and there is no merit that the wall thickness can be reduced. If the shape of the whole box is deformed in accordance with the taper, it will not be possible to match with the conventional box or equipment attached to the box.

[0006] Furthermore, after the inner peripheral frame is peeled from the concrete box, it is necessary to suspend and carry out the concrete frame in order to remove the inner peripheral frame. However, if the wall thickness is made thin, it is not possible to secure a space for embedding the hanging hook. is there.

[0007] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a product and a method for manufacturing the same, in which the inner peripheral frame can be removed from the mold while pre-fabricating a concrete product such as a box with less burden on the operator. In addition, it provides a method for manufacturing concrete products that can be easily demolded even with thinned concrete products, and that simplifies the work flow involved in demolding and improves work efficiency and work environment. The purpose is to do. It is also an object to provide an apparatus and a formwork suitable for the method for manufacturing the concrete product.

[0008]

In order to remove the formwork defining the inside of a concrete product, in the present invention,
The outer peripheral surface of the concrete product is gripped, the concrete product is lifted together with the formwork, and vertically suspended is applied to the formwork to remove the formwork. That is, by hitting the upper side of the form in a suspended state and applying vibration in the vertical direction, the form is separated from the concrete product.
Since the peeled formwork falls by its own weight, the demolding work can be easily performed, and the concrete product from which the formwork is removed can be conveyed as it is, and the unloading work can be performed continuously with the demolding work. Since the mold is hit and removed in the suspended state, the load of the mold can be used at the time of demolding, and the demolding work is simple and easy. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide the concrete product with a steep slope for demolding, and it is possible to manufacture a product in which the advantages of the concrete product that can be thinned are sufficiently drawn out. Further, since the outer peripheral surface is gripped, a buried space such as a hanging hook is unnecessary.

In order to suspend the concrete product together with the formwork and then hit the upper side of the formwork, the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product is grasped and the suspending means capable of suspending the concrete product and the suspending means. It is desirable to use a form removing device provided with a vibration applying means for striking the upper surface of the suspended form with the concrete product. As the suspending means, a vertically movable descent means, a support frame supported by the elevating means, a plurality of gripping arms extending downward from the support frame and gripping an outer peripheral surface of the concrete product, It is possible to use a combination with the opening / closing means that supports the holding arm of the above from the support frame and drives the opening / closing. Further, the vibration applying means may be attached to the support frame, and a hammer portion extending downward from the support frame may be provided. With such a structure, the formwork lifted together with the concrete product by the gripping arm is hit by the hammer portion. It becomes possible.

If such a mold removing device is used, the concrete product can be easily prepared by suspending the concrete product and then activating the vibration applying means. This can significantly reduce the labor of workers. Then, after the formwork comes off and falls, if the concrete product is moved while being suspended by the suspending means, the unloading work can be continuously performed.

The formwork to which vibration is applied by such a hammer part is provided with an upper wall exposed upward from the concrete product, and further, at least the upper wall of this upper wall is prevented so that the strength is not lowered by the applied vibration. It is desirable to use one having a reinforced portion in which the cross-sectional strength of the upper wall is reinforced in one portion.

Further, it is desirable to provide a projecting portion projecting downward from the support frame in the vicinity of the hammer portion, and to provide a switch means which is turned on / off by the vertical movement of the projecting portion. If such a switch means is provided, the switch means is turned off when the form is dropped due to vibration, so that the vibration applying means is automatically stopped. Moreover, when the concrete product with the mold removed is conveyed by using the mold removing device, the vibration applying unit does not accidentally operate and the concrete product does not drop from the gripping unit.

It is dangerous that the concrete product slips off when the concrete product is hung and the form is vibrated.
In order to prevent the concrete product from falling, it is desirable to provide at least one set of protrusions or dents at positions facing each other on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product, and to hold these. For a concrete product with a rectangular cross section and a substantially tubular shape, a concave or projection is provided on the outside of each corner at a prescribed distance from the open end so that the upper surface of the mold is exposed, and these are held by a curved grip. It is desirable to hold it with a pad and suspend it. This is because each corner portion has a sufficient thickness even for a thin concrete product, and a recess or a protrusion can be prepared while ensuring strength.

Further, if a curved gripping pad is provided at the tip of the gripping arm of the form removing device, even if the position of the concrete product with respect to the gripping pad is slightly deviated, it can be prepared on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product. Can hold dents and protrusions. The bending direction of the gripping pad may be selected according to the shape of the concrete product. For example, in the case of a cylindrical concrete product, two gripping pads can be used to efficiently contact a predetermined location on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete pad. If there is, it is desirable to bend them so that the distance between them is narrow. Further, in the case of a concrete product having a rectangular cross section, it is desirable to bend the pad so that the distance between both ends of the pad becomes short so that the corner can be gripped.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the manufacturing method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show an example of the mold removing device. 4 to 7 show the functional configuration of this form removing device in an extracted manner. In Figure 3,
A mold suitable for forming a concrete box using this mold removing device is disassembled and shown.

The mold removing device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is suspended from a moving device 4 which moves along the I-shaped beam 3. The beam 3 is supported by moving devices 2a and 2b movable along two I-shaped beams 1a and 1b extending in a direction orthogonal to the beam 3. Therefore, the mold removing device 10 can move freely within the plane defined by the beams 1a and 1b. Form remover 1
0 is provided with a frame 11 composed of a member such as an angle member.
And the air cylinder 20 are connected. An air cylinder 30 is mounted horizontally on the frame 11, and upper ends 32 of a pair of arms 31 are connected to both sides of the air cylinder 30. Each arm 31 extends from the upper end 32 to the lower end where a pad 35 is installed with a fulcrum 33 interposed therebetween, and a spring 34 is attached near the upper end 32 so as to pull the pair of arms 31 mutually. .

As shown in FIG. 2, the pad 35 extends in the horizontal direction and is made of a curved plate material. These pads are a pair of opposed pads 35a and 35b.
Both ends 36 of the pad are curved in a direction narrower than the center 37, and when the arm 31 is closed, both ends 36 of the pad 35 can sandwich a concrete box to be described later. Further, if the curved pad 35 is used, the concrete box can be sandwiched even if the positional relationship with the concrete box is slightly shifted.

An arm 31 is provided on the lower surface of the frame 11.
An air-driven vibrator 40 is mounted at a position approximately in the middle of the above, and a hammer 41 that vibrates up and down by the vibrator 40 projects downward. An air pipe 15 that guides compressed air is attached to a side surface of the frame 11, and is connected to a control panel 50 that controls the compressed air supplied to the air cylinders 20 and 30 and the vibrator 40. A pair of push switches 51 extending downward are attached near the frame 11 to which the hammer 41 is attached, and compressed air is supplied from the control panel 50 to the vibrator 40 via the push switches 51. .

FIG. 3 shows an exploded state of a mold 60 for manufacturing a cylindrical concrete box having a rectangular cross section.
The mold 60 includes a flat base 61, a rectangular cylindrical inner peripheral frame 65 installed on the base 61, and four outer peripheries assembled around the inner peripheral frame 65. Piece 63a-d
And an outer peripheral frame 62 made of. Outer piece 63
Are four plate-shaped members, and one pair of outer peripheral pieces 63a and 63c face each other, and
b and 63d are sandwiched between the outer peripheral pieces 63a and 63d.
The c can be fixed by a spacer 64. Also, on the inner surface of the outer peripheral pieces 63a and 63c,
A projecting portion 69 having a constant width is formed so that a concave portion can be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete box. Such a portion 69 is, for example,
It can be formed by welding a plate to the inner surface of the mold. When the outer peripheral frame 62 thus assembled is assembled on the outer side of the inner peripheral frame 65, a substantially uniform space is formed between the inner peripheral frame 65 and the outer peripheral frame 62. If poured, concrete masu can be manufactured. The inner wall 65 has an upper wall 6 on the side opposite to the base 61.
6 is formed, and the substantially central portion 67 has a thicker wall in order to strengthen the cross-sectional strength, and therefore is raised in a substantially quadrangular shape.

With reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, the function of the mold removing apparatus of this example and the manner of removing the mold using this mold removing apparatus will be described. First, after assembling the above-mentioned form 60, concrete is poured into the formed space,
A concrete masu 5 is manufactured. After an appropriate curing period has passed, the outer peripheral frame 62 is disassembled into outer peripheral pieces 63 and removed. Next, the form removing device 10 is moved onto the manufactured concrete slab 5. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the air cylinder 20 is operated. Air is discharged from the lower cylinder 20a, or air is introduced into the upper cylinder 20b, and the frame 11 is lowered onto the concrete pit 5. At this time, air cylinder 3
Since air is discharged from the inside of the cylinder 30a of No. 0, the upper end 32 of the arm 31 is in a state of being pulled by the spring 34, and the pad 35 spreads outward.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, compressed air is introduced into the cylinder 30a of the air cylinder 30. As a result, the upper ends 32 of the arms 31 are widened to each other, so that the pad 35 is closed inward and presses the outer peripheral surface of the concrete pit 5. Grooves 7 are formed on the two facing surfaces of the outer peripheral surface of the concrete pit 5. For this reason, since recesses are prepared at the four corners of the outer peripheral surface, when the pad 35 is closed, both ends 36 of the pad 35 curved into this recess are inserted. As a result, the concrete box 5 can be firmly gripped. Upper wall 66 of inner frame 65
Is exposed upward from the inside of the concrete pit 5, so that the hammer 41 located in the middle of the arm 31 is not exposed to the upper wall 6
It contacts the reinforced central portion 67 of 6. Further, the push switch 51 comes into contact with the upper wall 66 of the inner peripheral frame 65 and is pushed upward.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the concrete box 5 is gripped.
Lower cylinder 2 of air cylinder 20 as shown in
Compressed air is introduced to 0a and the concrete masu 5 is placed on the base 61
And lift upwards. As a result, the concrete box 5 can be hung while the inner peripheral frame 65 remains in close contact with the inside. Next, compressed air is supplied from the control board 50 to the vibrator 40. Since the push switch 51 installed in the lower portion of the frame 11 is pushed by the upper wall 66 of the inner peripheral frame 65, the compressed air reaches the vibrator 40 and the hammer 41 moves up and down. Since the hammer 41 contacts the reinforced center 67 of the inner frame 65, the inner frame 65 is struck by the hammer 41,
It vibrates up and down.

When the inner peripheral frame 65 is vibrated, as shown in FIG. 7, the inner peripheral frame 65 separates from the inner surface of the concrete box 5 and falls on the base 61 by its own weight. When the inner frame 65 drops and the upper wall 66 of the inner frame 65 separates from the push switch 51, the supply of compressed air to the vibrator 40 stops and the vibrator 40 stops. When the inner peripheral frame 65 is hit by the hammer 41, the concrete box 5 also vibrates, but since the concrete box 5 is suspended by the tip 36 of the pad 35 in which the recess 7 is inserted, the concrete box 5 should be dropped from the frame 11 by vibration. There is no. Further, the inner peripheral frame 65 drops, and the upper wall 66 of the inner peripheral frame 65 falls on the switch 51.
The vibrator 40 immediately stops when it is separated from, so that the vibration of the frame 11 also stops. As a result, the time period during which the frame 11 vibrates can be minimized, so that unnecessary vibration is not applied to the concrete pit 5 and the arm 31, and the concrete pit 5 does not come off from the pad 35 due to the vibration. After removing the inner frame 65, the pad 35
With the concrete box 5 secured, the concrete box 5 is carried out along the I-beams 1 and 3 to a predetermined place.

Further, a durable mold made of iron or the like is required to have a durability enough to repeatedly manufacture concrete pits. Therefore, in the inner peripheral frame 65 of this example, the hammer 4
The thickness of the central portion 67 of the upper wall 66, which is struck by 1, is increased to increase the strength. Therefore, the inner peripheral frame 65 will not be deformed even if it is hit by the hammer 41, and the life equivalent to that of other molds can be maintained. Further, since the strength of the hit portion 67 is increased, the hit energy is less likely to be absorbed by the upper wall 66, and the vibration of the hammer 41 can be efficiently dispersed over the entire inner peripheral frame 67.

FIG. 8 shows an outline of the concrete pit 5 manufactured through such steps. The concrete box 5 of this example is a tubular type having a substantially rectangular cross section, and has a groove 7 extending horizontally in a position slightly lower than the end where the upper wall of the inner peripheral frame is exposed. This groove 7 is a concrete measure 5
Are formed on the two outer peripheral surfaces facing each other, so that a recess is formed at each corner 8. When the concrete box 5 is gripped by the mold removing device 10 of this example, both ends 36 of the pad 35 are fitted into the recesses 7 of the corners 8 of the concrete box 5. Therefore, even if vibration is applied to remove the inner peripheral frame, the concrete measure 5 does not drop from the pad 35. In addition, since the concrete box 5 is in a state in which each strongest corner portion 8 is gripped and is hung from the form removing device 10, the distortion or the like generated in the concrete box 5 due to the pinching force of the pad 35 is minimized. Can be stopped.

Further, since the concrete masu 5 can be hung by using the pad 35 as described above,
It is not necessary to embed the hanging hooks etc. in the concrete box in advance. In recent years, concrete products using fiber reinforced concrete such as GRC, which are often prefabricated in factories in recent years, are designed to have a thin wall, and thus it is difficult to secure a space for burying a hanging hook. However,
Since the method and apparatus of this example do not require a hanging hook, they are suitable for demolding work of thin-walled concrete products.

Further, the concrete pit 5 of this example does not have such a taper on the inner peripheral surface. This is because in a thin-walled concrete masu, the taper angle of the inner peripheral surface cannot be made large, and conversely, if the taper angle is made large, the wall thickness becomes thicker and the merit of the thin-walled type is lost. Even if the concrete measure is not so tapered, if the apparatus 10 of this example is used and vibration is applied in a suspended state as described above, the mold will drop due to its own weight, which facilitates demolding. . From this point as well, the method and apparatus of this example are suitable for manufacturing thin-wall type concrete products.

As described above, in the mold removing device of the present embodiment, the inner peripheral frame 65 is vibrated while the concrete box 5 is held by the pad 35 so that the inner peripheral frame 65 is separated from the concrete box 5. There is. Therefore, when removing the formwork, it is not necessary to disassemble the formwork into the interior, so that the work of removing the formwork can be easily performed even with a small concrete box. Furthermore, since the mold can be removed while holding the manufactured concrete box, it can be connected to the step of transporting the concrete box without interrupting the work. Therefore, the step of removing the mold can be applied during the transportation from the manufacturing location to the unloading location, and the demolding step and the transporting step can be processed as a series of flows. Further, since it is not necessary for the worker to hit the mold at the time of demolding, the manufacturing efficiency can be significantly improved, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the labor of the worker can be reduced. Further, in the mold removing device of the present example, the vibration is automatically stopped when the mold is removed, so that the safety during the manufacturing work is high.

In this example, an air cylinder is used to move the frame up and down or to drive the arm, but the invention is not limited to the air cylinder, and an oil cylinder, a motor, etc. Of course, various driving means can be adopted. Even the vibrator is not limited to the air-driven one,
A motor drive etc. can also be adopted. Also, the bending direction of the pad may be selected according to the shape of the concrete box. For example, in the case of a shape in which the four corners cannot be gripped, such as a cylindrical box, by adopting a curved surface on the side opposite to the above-mentioned pad, it is possible to firmly hold the concrete box. Further, in this example, the case where the groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete cell has been described as an example, but it goes without saying that a projection may be provided instead of the groove or the depression.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the concrete product is hung firmly along with the inner peripheral frame by the recesses or protrusions formed on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product, and then the inner peripheral frame is vibrated. I am trying to get rid of the mold. At this time, since the inner peripheral frame falls due to its own weight, it is possible to easily perform the demolding work even for a product that does not have a large taper, such as a thin-walled concrete product.
Further, since the outer peripheral surface is gripped and hung down, it is not necessary to embed a jig such as a hook in the product, and this point is also suitable for a thin-walled concrete product. Further, since the suspended concrete product can be sent to the carry-out process as it is after demolding, the flow of the manufacturing work can be made smooth and the efficiency of the manufacturing process can be improved. Further, by using the form removing device according to the present invention, the worker only needs to operate the switch at the time of demolding work, and the labor such as using a hammer is unnecessary, so that the work can be reduced and the safety can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an outline of a mold removing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the form removing device shown in FIG. 1 seen from below.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an outline of a mold according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the functions of the form remover shown in FIG. 1 extracted, showing a state in which the form remover is set on a concrete product.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the functions of the form removing device shown in FIG. 1 extracted, showing a state in which a concrete product is gripped.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the functions of the form removing device shown in FIG. 1 extracted, showing a state in which a concrete product is lifted and the form is vibrated.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the functions of the form removing device shown in FIG. 1 extracted, and is a view showing a state where the form has dropped as a result of applying vibration.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an outline of a concrete measure manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 3 ··· I beam 2/4 · · Moving device 5 · · Concrete box 7 · · Groove 8 · · Corner 10 · · Form removal device 11 · · Frame 15 · · Compressed air pipe 20 · · Vertical direction Air cylinder 30 ··· Air cylinders 31 in the left and right direction · · Arms 32 · · Upper end of arm 33 · · Arm fulcrum 34 · · Spring 35 · · Pads for gripping 36 · · Both ends 37 · · Pad center 40 .. Vibrator 41 .. Hammer 50 .. Control panel 51 .. Push switch 60 .. Form 61 .. Base 62 .. Outer frame 65 .. Inner frame 66 .. Upper wall 67 .. Reinforced. Center

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a concrete product using a mold for defining an inner peripheral surface, comprising: gripping an outer peripheral surface of the concrete product, the inner peripheral surface of which is molded by the mold, and holding the concrete product together with the mold. A method for producing a concrete product, comprising: a demolding preparation step of lifting a frame; and thereafter, a demolding step of vertically vibrating the mold to remove the mold from the concrete product. 2. The concrete product according to claim 1, wherein in the demolding preparation step, at least one set of concavities or projections provided on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product are held. Manufacturing method. 3. A formwork removing device for removing the formwork from a concrete product having an inner peripheral surface formed by the formwork, which is capable of holding the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product and suspending the concrete product. A form removing device comprising: lowering means and vibration applying means for hitting an upper surface of the formwork suspended together with the concrete product by the suspending means. 4. The suspending means according to claim 3, wherein the suspending means is an ascending / descending means, a supporting frame movable up and down by the ascending / descending means, a plurality of gripping arms extending downward from the supporting frame, and gripping parts thereof. An opening and closing means for driving the arm to open and close from the support frame, wherein the vibration applying means includes a hammer portion mounted on the support frame and extending downward from between the plurality of gripping arms. A characteristic form removing device. 5. The form removing device according to claim 4, wherein a holding pad curved in a horizontal direction is provided at a tip of the holding arm. 6. The control means for controlling the vibration applying means according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the control means includes a protruding portion protruding downward from the support frame in the vicinity of the hammer portion, and the protruding portion. And a switch means that is turned on / off by the vertical movement of the part. 7. A mold for defining an inner peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical concrete product, wherein the mold has an upper wall exposed upward from the concrete product, and at least one portion of the upper wall is A formwork characterized by being a reinforced portion having a reinforced cross-sectional strength. 8. A substantially cylindrical concrete product having one end in an open state and the other end having at least a part of an opening for exposing an upper surface of a mold defining an inner peripheral surface. A concrete product, which has at least one set of at least one of a recess and a protrusion at a position facing each other on the outer peripheral surface of the concrete product. 9. A concrete product which has one end in an open state and the other end having at least a part at which an opening for exposing the upper surface of a mold defining an inner peripheral surface is provided, and has a substantially rectangular cross section. A concrete product, characterized in that it has at least one of a recess and a protrusion at a substantially equal distance from the other end outside each corner portion.