JPH08163485A - Video printer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a natural printing result in response to an object by rearranging an image stored in a storage means in response to the operation of an operator and printing out the image. CONSTITUTION: A frame memory(FM) 8 is a memory circuit of a large capacity comprising a general-purpose D-RAM, operated under the control of a memory control circuit 9 and stores digital video signals DV in terms of a field in the write mode. Furthermore, the FM 8 is controlled by the memory control circuit 9 when the video printer is set to the printing mode and stored image data are outputted to a thermal head control circuit 12. The thermal head control circuit 12 drives a thermal head 13 based on the image data to print out a white black image on a sheet of printing paper 14 being a sheet of thermosensitive paper. Then the arrangement is selected in response to the operation of an operator to select the arrangement of the printing results by the direction and motion of the object and printing-out is made in response to the object.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a video printer, and can be applied, for example, to a video printer which captures and prints a video signal and captures an image in the form of a separated photograph.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in this type of video printer, by printing an image formed by a video signal, a desired image can be printed more easily than in the case of silver halide photography. There is.

That is, this type of video printer records a video signal output from an image pickup device, a video tape recorder or the like in a frame memory according to an input mode selected by a user. Here, for example, when the user selects the normal mode and presses a predetermined operator, the video printer uses the timing of this pressing operation as a reference,
The video signal for one frame is recorded in the frame memory. Accordingly, when the user subsequently confirms the monitor screen and presses the print operator, the video printer drives the thermal head by the image data recorded in the frame memory and prints the image recorded in the frame memory.

On the other hand, when the user presses a predetermined operator after selecting the strobe mode, the video printer intermittently frames the video signal output from the video tape recorder at a prescribed interval. Record in memory. When recording in this frame memory, the video printer records a plurality of images in the frame memory by thinning out and recording the image data. As a result, the video printer is set to the normal mode 1 when the user subsequently presses the print operator.
Instead of a single image, a plurality of images are printed on a single printing sheet and output.

[0005]

By the way, this kind of strobe mode is convenient for use in, for example, inspecting a golf swing and checking a tennis foam. That is, when inspecting a golf swing, in a video printer, an image of a golfer to be inspected is picked up by a video camera, and when the golfer swings, the operator for recording is pressed. Similarly, when confirming the form of tennis, the tennis player images the tennis player with a video camera, and the tennis player presses the operator for recording at the timing of hitting the ball.

As a result, in the video printer, a disassembled photograph of a golf swing like a stroboscopic photograph of a silver salt photograph,
It is possible to print a disassembled photograph of the tennis form. That is, in the conventional video printer, for example, the images of the respective frames are sequentially arranged in the recording order from the left side to the right side, and the captured images are printed to print the captured images in the form of a disassembled photograph. Therefore, for example, when a golfer is imaged from the front, the print result can be checked from the left side to the right side, and the movement of the golfer can be examined in detail.

However, in a video printer in which images of respective frames are sequentially arranged in the order of recording from the left side to the right side in this way and printed, when an athlete who moves from the right side to the left side of the screen is selected as a subject, the print result is Will print the images of each frame arranged in the opposite direction to the moving direction of the athlete. In this case, an unnatural print result can be obtained due to the discrepancy between the moving direction of the players and the arrangement direction.

As a result, the conventional video printer has a problem that only a print result having a strange feeling can be obtained depending on the subject.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to propose a video printer which can obtain a print result suitable for a subject.

[0010]

In order to solve such a problem, in the present invention, by intermittently recording a video signal at a prescribed time interval, an image formed by this video signal can be recorded at a previous time interval. Storage means for recording a predetermined number of frames with
In a video printer having a printing means for printing the images recorded in the storage means in a prescribed arrangement, the preceding arrangement is switched in response to the operation of the operator.

[0011]

Operation is performed in a video printer having a storage means for recording a predetermined number of frames of an image formed by a video signal at a predetermined time interval, and a printing means for printing the images recorded in the storage means in a predetermined arrangement. If the previous array is switched in response to the operation of the child, the array of the print result can be switched depending on the direction and movement of the subject.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

(1) Overall Structure In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates a video printer as a whole,
In this embodiment, the golf player 3 picked up by the video camera 2
Print the image. That is, the video printer 1
The video signal SV is formed so that it can be input through the input connector 4, and in this embodiment, the video camera 2 for picking up the image of the golf player 3 is connected to the input connector 4.

The selection circuit 5 outputs the video signal SV input through the input connector 4 to the monitor device 6 connected externally, so that the video printer 1 can directly monitor the input video signal SV. It is done like this. The analog-digital conversion circuit (A / D) 7 is
The video signal SV input from the input connector 4 is converted from analog to digital on the basis of a predetermined sampling pulse, and a digital video signal DV is output.

The frame memory 8 is a general-purpose D-RAM.
It is a large-capacity memory circuit formed of (Dynamic-Random Access Memory), operates under the control of the memory control circuit 9, and records the digital video signal DV in field units in the write mode. As a result, the video printer 1 can capture an image in units of fields as needed, and effectively avoid so-called double copying of an image caused by the displacement of the image between even and odd fields.

At the time of this recording, the frame memory 8 is stored in FIG.
As shown in, the capacity is selected so that an image of 32 frames in total can be recorded in a field unit, which allows continuous recording for about 0.5 seconds (1/60 [sec] x 32 frames).
The digital video signal DV can be recorded during this period, and the digital video signal DV can be recorded for about 10 seconds (20/60 [seconds] × 32 frames) by intermittently recording every 20 fields. ing.

Further, in the read mode, the frame memory 8 outputs the recorded image data to the digital-analog conversion circuit (D / A) 10 in a predetermined order, and the digital-analog conversion circuit 10 converts the image data into an analog signal. The data is converted and output to the monitor device 6 via the selection circuit 5. Thereby, in the video printer 1, the operations of the selection circuit 5 and the memory control circuit 9 are switched as necessary,
The image recorded in the frame memory 8 can be confirmed.

Further, when the video printer 1 is set to the print mode, the frame memory 8 is controlled by the memory control circuit 9 and outputs the recorded image data to the thermal head control circuit 12. Here, the thermal head control circuit 12 drives the thermal head 13 based on this image data, and print paper 14 made of thermal paper.
Print a black and white image on. As a result, the video printer 1 can switch the operations of the memory control circuit 9 and the thermal head control circuit 12 as necessary to print the recorded image.

The external synchronizing circuit 15 extracts a horizontal synchronizing signal and a vertical synchronizing signal from the video signal SV input through the input connector 4, and then generates a timing signal synchronized with the video signal SV from these signals. . As a result, in the video printer 1, the timing signal is output to the memory control circuit 9 via the selection circuit 16, and the analog-digital conversion circuit 7 is driven by this timing signal to synchronize the video signal with the timing synchronized with the video signal SV. The signal SV is converted into a digital video signal DV, and the converted digital video signal DV is recorded in the frame memory 8 in field units.

On the other hand, the internal synchronization circuit 17 divides a predetermined reference signal to generate an internal synchronization timing signal, and outputs this timing signal to the selection circuit 16. As a result, in the video printer 1, the timing signal of the internal synchronizing circuit 17 is used instead of the timing signal of the external synchronizing circuit 15 if necessary, and the digital-analog conversion circuit 1 is used.
0, the memory control circuit 9 is driven so that the memory control circuit 9 can be operated at a timing independent of the video signal SV. In the video printer 1, the operation is switched so as to operate by the internal synchronization except when recording in the frame memory 8, so that the operation can be performed even when the power of the video camera 2 or the like is cut off. There is.

The memory control circuit 9 controls the operation of the frame memory 8, switches the operation mode of the frame memory 8 according to a control command from the system control circuit 18, and switches the address issued to the frame memory 8. . As a result, in the video printer 1, the system control circuit 18 switches the addresses issued by the memory control circuit 9 to record, monitor, and print the digital video signal DV in various formats.

The system control circuit 18 is formed of an arithmetic processing circuit, and executes a processing procedure recorded in a built-in memory circuit to respond to an operation of an operator arranged on the control panel 19 or the wired remote controller 20. Also, the whole operation is controlled in response to the output signal of the sound sensor 21.

That is, on the control panel 19, as shown in FIG. 3, operators and the like are arranged. Here, on the control panel 19, a pause operator 22, a cut operator 23, a feed operator 24, a standby operator 25, and a print operator 26 are provided next to the outlet for ejecting the print result. Will be placed.

In the video printer 1, in the review mode, images of a plurality of frames captured in the frame memory 8 are sequentially and cyclically displayed at predetermined intervals on the monitor device 6, and at this time, a pause operation is performed. The child 22 is operated to switch between the temporary stop of the circulation operation and the start of the circulation operation. Further, at the time of this temporary stop, the left and right cursor operation elements 28L or 28R housed in the door 27 on the lower side of the control panel 19 are operated so that the frame can be fed forward or backward.

On the other hand, in the video printer 1, when the cutting operator 23 and the feed operator 24 are respectively operated, the print paper 14 is cut and the paper is fed again. Further, the video printer 1 is formed so that two types of images can be selected as an image capture mode: an auto memory mode (corresponding to the conventional strobe mode) and a manual memory mode, and the standby operator 25 is operated in the auto memory mode. Then, the capturing of the image in the frame memory 8 is started.

On the other hand, when the print operator 26 is pressed in this state, an image is taken in immediately with reference to this timing or in the same manner for the number of frames set by the user, and then the frame memory is loaded. When the image capturing in 8 is stopped, the mode is switched to the review mode, and when the print operator 26 is subsequently pressed, the content recorded in the frame memory 8 is printed. On the other hand, in the manual memory mode, when the print operator 26 is pressed, after the image is captured in the frame memory 8,
Print the captured content as needed. The control panel 19 is provided with a light emitting diode indicating that the image is being captured and a light emitting diode indicating that the image is being printed, adjacent to the operator 26 for printing.

On the other hand, inside the door 27, an input switching operator 29 and a memory mode switching operator 30 are provided.
In the video printer 1, the input switching operator 29 can be operated to switch the format of the input video signal SV and the number of input channels, and the memory mode switching operator. By operating 30, the image capturing mode can be switched between the auto memory mode and the manual memory mode.

Further, inside the door 27, there are an image quality adjusting operator 31, a format setting operator 32, and a trigger operator 33, and cursor operators 28L, 28R, 28U, 2
8D, and a liquid crystal display panel 34 is arranged above the control panel 19. As a result, in the video printer 1, after pressing the image quality adjusting operation element 31, the menu displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 34 is changed to the cursor operation elements 28L, 28R, 2 and 2.
8U, 28D can be selected to select an item for image quality adjustment, and subsequently, the operator 31 and the cursor operators 28L, 28R, 28U, 28D can be operated to set the adjustment amount. . Thus, the image quality of the print result can be finely adjusted as necessary.

On the other hand, in the video printer 1, after operating the format setting operator 32, the menu displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 34 is displayed by the cursor operator 28L,
Select with 28R, 28U, 28D to capture images,
The display and print formats are formed so that they can be set in detail, and the operator 33 of the trigger is operated in the same manner so that the timing of image capture can be set in detail.

On the other hand, the wired remote controller 20
It is formed as shown in FIG. That is, the wired remote controller 20 can be connected to the video printer 1 via the connector 35, and has a play operator 36, a pause operator 37, and frame advance operators 38L and 38.
An R, a standby operator 39, a memory operator 40, and a print operator 41 are arranged.
Here, the play operator 36 and the pause operator 37
Corresponds to the temporary stop operator 22 of the control panel, and the frame advance operators 38L and 38R are cursor operators 28L and 2 arranged on the control panel 19.
Functions are assigned so as to correspond to the 8R frame advance operation.

The standby operator 39 corresponds to the standby operator 25 of the control panel 19, and the memory operator 40 and the print operator 41 correspond to the print operator 26 of the control panel. There is. As a result, in the video printer 1, the wired remote controller 20 is connected as necessary, and the basic functions such as printing can be remotely controlled.

On the other hand, the sound sensor 21 collects ambient sound with a built-in microphone, and outputs a trigger when the sound rises above a specified level. As a result, in the video printer 1, the sound sensor 21 is connected to detect the hitting sound generated by the golf swing when, for example, printing the golf swing, and the desired sound is surely set based on the timing of the hitting sound. It is designed so that disassembled photographs can be printed.

The system control circuit 18 controls the entire operation by the inputs from the control panel 19, the wired remote controller 20, and the sound sensor 21, and the image of the video signal SV is displayed according to the operation mode set by the user. The image recorded in the frame memory 8 is printed according to the operation mode set by the user.

(2) System control circuit and memory control circuit The system control circuit 18, when the memory mode switching operator 30 is operated, responds to this pressing operation in sequence between the manual memory mode and the automatic memory mode. The operation mode is switched alternately, and this operation mode is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 34.

When the user selects the manual memory mode here, the system control circuit 18 sends a control command to the memory control circuit 9 to set the write mode to the frame memory 8 to the manual memory mode. In this state, when the user subsequently presses the print operator 26 or the memory operator 40, a trigger is sent to the memory control circuit 9 at the timing of this press operation, whereby the digital video signal DV for one field is sent. It is recorded in the frame memory 8.

Further, the system control circuit 18 issues a control command to the memory control circuit 9 and the thermal head control circuit 12 in accordance with the print format selected by the user, thereby printing the recorded image, or continuing the operator 26. Alternatively, a pressing operation of 40 causes a trigger to be sent to the memory control circuit 9 to load the second image into the frame memory 8 and then print the recorded image.

As a result, in the video printer 1, after the manual memory mode is set, the operator 26 or 40
The video signal SV can be easily printed by simply pressing.

On the other hand, when the user selects the auto memory mode and then presses the standby operators 25 and 39, the system control circuit 18 issues a write start command to the memory control circuit 9, and the frame memory The memory area for 32 frames of 8 is sequentially and cyclically used, and the digital video signal D is set at an interval set by the user.
Record V. As a result, the system control circuit 18 sequentially updates the frame memory 8 and goes up from the present time to the past and always holds the latest 32 frames of images.

In this state, when the print operation elements 26, 41 are subsequently pressed or the sound sensor 21 receives a trigger, the system control circuit 18 uses the timing as a reference to set conditions set by the user. Thus, a write stop command is issued to the memory control circuit 9. As a result, the video printer 1 frames the images of 32 frames before and after the timing at which the operating elements 26 and 41 are pressed or the timing at which the trigger is input from the sound sensor 21 is set as a boundary according to the condition set by the user. It is designed to be recorded and held in the memory 8.

At this time, the system control circuit 18 determines the frame memory 8 from the timing of this pressing operation or trigger.
The timing until stop control of the writing operation is changed in response to the operation of the operator, so that the video printer 1 can surely record a series of quick operations.

The switching of the memory space of the frame memory 8 and the switching of the interval are performed by the control code of the system control circuit 18 by the memory control circuit 9.
Executed by switching the address issued by the memory control circuit 9 and switching the timing of the write pulse issued by the memory control circuit 9. In addition, the condition for this series of image recording is that the system control circuit 18 causes the memory control circuit 9 to operate by operating the operating elements 32 and the like arranged in advance on the control panel 19 before operating the standby operating elements 25 and 39.
Is set to

(2-1) Display and print of image As a result, as shown in FIG.
When a golfer (FIG. 5 (A)) is set as an imaging target and 32 frames of images are recorded at an interval set by the user (FIG. 5 (B)), the memory control circuit 9, the selection circuit 5
And issue a control command to switch the entire operation mode to the review mode. In response to this, the memory control circuit 9 issues a read address of the frame memory 8 according to the timing signal output from the internal synchronization circuit 17, and sequentially and cyclically displays the recorded image on the monitor device 6.

As a result, the video printer 1 can check the golfer's form after recording it. Further, in this state, the video printer 1 operates the temporary stop operators 22 and 37 to temporarily stop the displayed image, and further further, the operators 28R, 28L and 38.
The form can be examined in detail by operating the R and 38L to advance frame by frame.

On the other hand, in this review mode, when the user operates the format operator 32, the system control circuit 18 displays a print menu on the liquid crystal display panel 34. The print menu is composed of a thinning-out mode menu for thinning out the captured images and printing, and a menu for setting the arrangement of images at the time of printing.

When the user selects this latter menu, the system control circuit 18 subsequently switches the display on the liquid crystal display panel 34 and selects "R", "L", "U".
The letters "P" and "DN" are displayed. In this embodiment, the letters "R", "L", "UP", and "DN" represent the print formats in the R mode, L mode, U mode, and D mode, respectively.

When the user operates the operating elements 28L and 28R to select one of the character display while displaying the print format, the system control circuit 18
Subsequently, a control command is issued at the timing when the printing operator 26 is pressed to set the entire operation mode to the printing operation mode.

That is, when the print operator 26 is pressed, the system control circuit 18 switches the contact of the selection circuit 5 to the video camera 2 side, whereby the display of the monitor device 6 is video-displayed during the print period. Switch to signal SV. Further, the system control circuit 18 switches the operation mode of the frame memory 8 to the read mode via the memory control circuit 9 and outputs the image data recorded in the frame memory 8 to the thermal head control circuit 12. Further, the system control circuit 18 uses the thermal head control circuit 12
Then, the image recorded in the frame memory 8 is printed by the image data output from the frame memory 8.

At this time, the system control circuit 18 controls the operation of the memory control circuit 9 so that the read address output from the memory control circuit 9 corresponds to the format selected by the user. That is, as shown in FIG.
In this embodiment, the thermal head control circuit 12 and the thermal head 13 move the rectangular print paper 14 in the longitudinal direction to print the image recorded in the frame memory 8.

When printing an image of 32 frames, the memory control circuit 9 makes the longitudinal direction of the print paper 14 the longitudinal direction of each frame, and each frame continues eight frames in the longitudinal direction of the print paper 14. Thus, the address is issued to the frame memory 8. When issuing this address, when the user selects the R mode, the memory control circuit 9 generates four frame images in the order of recording from the upper left to the upper right when viewing the images of each printed frame from the direction in which the image was taken. After continuous (represented by symbols 1 to 4 in FIG. 6), four frames following the lower column are continuous from the left side to the right (represented by symbols 5 to 8 in FIG. 6), and further in the lower column in the order of recording. Addresses are issued so that frame images are continuous.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, when the user selects the L mode, the memory control circuit 9 controls the frame memory 8 so that the left and right arrangements are reversed from those in the R mode. Issue an address.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the user selects the U mode, the memory control circuit 9 goes from the lower right side to the upper side when viewing the image of each printed frame from the direction in which the image was taken. 8 frames of images are continuously recorded in the order of recording (represented by symbols 1 to 8 in FIG. 8), and then the images of the following 8 frames are continuously arranged from the lower side to the upper side (in FIG. 8) on the left side of the vertical arrangement. Further, addresses are issued so that images of eight frames are successively arranged from the lower side to the upper side on the left side of the vertical arrangement.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, when the user selects the D mode, the memory control circuit 9 issues an address to the frame memory 8 so that the vertical relationship is reversed from that in the U mode.

As a result, the video printer 1 can switch the arrangement of the captured image to print as needed. Therefore, for the user who operates this video printer,
This print form can be freely selected and printed according to the moving direction. Further, when the print result is obtained in an unnatural arrangement with respect to the direction and movement of the subject, it is possible to select the print form again and print again, and the print result suitable for the subject can be obtained. .

That is, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11,
When the golfer is imaged from the front, by selecting the R mode and printing, the images are arranged from the upper left to the lower right according to the movement of the golfer, and thus it is possible to print in a natural arrangement. Further, when the runner running to the left is imaged, the L mode in which the left and right are reversed with respect to the R mode can be selected and printed with a natural arrangement.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, when the golf player 3 is imaged with the video camera 2 oriented horizontally, a vertically long image is captured, so that the print result is viewed in the upper left direction when viewed from the direction in which the image is captured. In this case, the D mode can be selected so that the print results can be obtained in a natural arrangement so as to continue from the right to the lower right.

Thus, when the print result is output in this way, the system control circuit 18 switches the entire operation mode to the review mode and waits for the subsequent operation of the operator.

(3) Operation of the Embodiment With the above configuration, the video signal SV output from the video camera 2 is converted into the digital video signal DV in the analog-digital conversion circuit 7 and stored in the frame memory 8 at a predetermined timing. Will be recorded. At this time, when the standby operators 25 and 39 are pressed after the video printer 1 is set to the auto memory mode, the digital video signal DV is sequentially circulated in the frame memory 8 at intervals set by the user. And the latest 32 frames of images are held in the frame memory 8.

When the image recording is completed in this way,
The video printer 1 is switched to the review mode, and the captured images are sequentially and cyclically displayed on the monitor device 6 in the order in which they are captured, and then when the print operation element 26 or 41 is pressed. The printed sheets are arranged in this order and printed on the print paper 14. This allows the captured images to be confirmed in the order in which they were captured before printing in advance.

At the time of this printing, the images of 32 frames recorded in the frame memory 8 are changed according to the format selected by the user by switching the address issued by the memory control circuit 9 according to the format selected by the user. It is printed in an array. As a result, print results can be obtained with a natural arrangement according to the direction and movement of the subject.

(4) Effects of the Embodiments With the above configuration, when the images are sequentially and intermittently recorded in the frame memory 8 and the recorded images are printed,
By printing according to the arrangement selected by the user, it is possible to obtain a natural arrangement of printing results that matches the subject.

(5) Other Embodiments In the above embodiment, the case where the memory space for 32 frames is prepared has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the memory space can be freely set as needed. Can be set.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the case where the trigger is generated by the sound sensor or the pressing operation of the printing operation element is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a photoelectric switch is used, for example. Various trigger generation methods can be widely applied, such as a case of using for a physical experiment and a case of using an output from various alarm devices as a trigger.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, as described above with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9, the case where the printing is performed so that the longitudinal direction of the print paper is the longitudinal direction of the image has been described. Not limited to this, the present invention can be widely applied to printing such that the longitudinal direction of the print paper is the longitudinal direction of the image.

In the above embodiment, the case where the video signal is input to print the black and white image has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when the component video signal is input and printed, further. Red, blue,
The present invention can be widely applied to inputting a video signal in various formats, such as inputting a green color signal for printing. Further, the printing is not limited to the black and white image, but can be widely applied to the case of printing a color image, a black and white inverted image, and the like.

[0065]

As described above, according to the present invention, the image recorded in the storage means is printed by switching the arrangement in response to the operation of the operator, thereby obtaining a natural print result in accordance with the subject. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a video printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram showing a memory space of the frame memory of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a control panel of the video printer of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a wired remote controller of the video printer of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between an image pickup target and frames recorded in a frame memory.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a print result in the R mode.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a print result in the L mode.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a print result in the U mode.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a print result in D mode.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an image recorded in a frame memory when a golf player is a subject.

11 is a schematic diagram showing a print result when the image of FIG. 10 is printed in an R mode.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a case where a video camera is imaged by tilting the video camera laterally.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an image recorded in the frame memory in the case of FIG.

14 is a schematic diagram showing a print result when the image of FIG. 13 is printed in a D mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 video printer 2 video camera 7 analog-digital conversion circuit 8 frame memory 9 memory control circuit 10 digital-analog conversion circuit 18 system control circuit 20 wired remote control 21 sound sensor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A storage unit for recording a predetermined number of frames of an image formed by the video signal by intermittently recording the video signal at a prescribed time interval, and the image data is recorded in the storage unit. A video printer having a printing means for printing images in a prescribed arrangement, wherein the arrangement is switched in response to an operation of an operator.