JPH08162065A - Low power type metal halide lamp - Google Patents
Low power type metal halide lampInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08162065A JPH08162065A JP6323896A JP32389694A JPH08162065A JP H08162065 A JPH08162065 A JP H08162065A JP 6323896 A JP6323896 A JP 6323896A JP 32389694 A JP32389694 A JP 32389694A JP H08162065 A JPH08162065 A JP H08162065A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- arc tube
- metal halide
- tube
- lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は管入力１００ｗ以下の高
演色形のメタルハライドランプに関し、特にその発光管
形状及びその両端封着部に設けた電極の改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high color rendering type metal halide lamp having a tube input of 100 w or less, and more particularly to improvements in the shape of the arc tube and electrodes provided at both ends sealed.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、石英製発光管の両端にタングス
テン芯棒及びコイル状電極を封着し、内部に金属ハロゲ
ン化物を封入したメタルハライドランプは、高効率、高
演色でかつ長寿命であることから、屋内外の一般照明か
ら各種光学装置等の光源として使用されている。この種
ランプとして、主として発光効率を重視したスカンジウ
ム（Ｓｃ）−ナトリウム（Ｎａ）系のメタルハライドラ
ンプと、主として演色性を重視したディスプロシウム
（Ｄｙ）−タリウム（Ｔｌ）系のランプがよく知られて
いる。近年、省電力の観点から発光効率の優れた管入力
１００Ｗ以下の低電力形のメタルハライドランプを、蛍
光ランプや白熱電球あるいはハロゲン電球に変えて使用
されている。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a metal halide lamp in which a tungsten core rod and a coil-shaped electrode are sealed at both ends of a quartz arc tube and a metal halide is sealed inside has high efficiency, high color rendering and long life. Therefore, it is used as a light source for various optical devices such as general lighting indoors and outdoors. Well-known examples of this type of lamp are a scandium (Sc) -sodium (Na) -based metal halide lamp that mainly emphasizes luminous efficiency and a dysprosium (Dy) -thallium (Tl) -based lamp that mainly emphasizes color rendering. ing. In recent years, from the viewpoint of power saving, a low power type metal halide lamp with a tube input of 100 W or less, which is excellent in luminous efficiency, has been used instead of a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp or a halogen lamp.
【０００３】特に、店舗等の屋内の商業施設用照明器具
の光源として用いる場合、効率がよくて明るいだけでな
く、物の色の見え方が自然に近くかつその雰囲気を醸し
出すという演色性の良否が重視される。そして、ランプ
の発光色が３０００Ｋ〜５０００Ｋという比較的低色温
度のランプが求められている。そこで、発光管添加物と
してのディスプロシウム、タリウム及びセシウムのヨウ
化物を用いて、発光管内の温度を十分に上げることによ
り、可視域全体にわたってディスプロシウムの連続発光
が得られ、平均演色評価数が９０以上という高演色で、
かつランプの色温度が５０００Ｋ以下という低色温度の
ランプが得られる。In particular, when it is used as a light source for an indoor lighting fixture for commercial facilities such as a store, it is not only efficient and bright, but also the color rendering property that the appearance of colors of objects is close to natural and creates an atmosphere. Is emphasized. And, a lamp having a relatively low color temperature of 3000K to 5000K is required. Therefore, by using dysprosium, thallium, and cesium iodide as an arc tube additive and raising the temperature in the arc tube sufficiently, continuous luminescence of dysprosium was obtained over the entire visible range, and the average color rendering evaluation With a high color rendering of more than 90,
In addition, a lamp having a low color temperature of 5000 K or less can be obtained.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一般に、メタルハライ
ドランプは管入力が小さくなるに従って、発光管寸法が
小さくなるが、発光管両端の封着部からの熱伝導損失や
熱輻射損失の比率が増加して発光効率や色特性が低下し
てしまう。特に、ディスプロシウムのハロゲン化物は蒸
気圧が極めて低いことから、十分に発光させ平均演色評
価数を９０以上とするためには発光管端部の最冷部温度
を高める必要があり、発光管を小型化し、非常に高い管
壁負荷を有するような構造となっている。このため、発
光管最冷部温度が高められると同時に、他の部分の温度
も高まり、発光管の管壁と封入している金属ハロゲン化
物との反応が活発となり、ランプ点灯中に発光管内壁の
侵食及びその失透が進行することとなる。そして、ラン
プ光束や色温度等の諸特性が点灯時間の経過と共に変化
して、ついには発光管の変形及び発光管リーク等が発生
して、ランプ不良となる。Generally, in a metal halide lamp, the size of the arc tube becomes smaller as the tube input becomes smaller, but the ratio of heat conduction loss and heat radiation loss from the sealed portions at both ends of the arc tube increases. As a result, the luminous efficiency and the color characteristics deteriorate. In particular, since the vapor pressure of dysprosium halide is extremely low, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the coldest part at the end of the arc tube in order to achieve sufficient light emission and an average color rendering index of 90 or more. And has a structure that has a very high tube wall load. As a result, the temperature of the coldest part of the arc tube rises, and at the same time, the temperature of other parts also rises, and the reaction between the tube wall of the arc tube and the enclosed metal halide becomes active, and the inner wall of the arc tube becomes active while the lamp is on. Erosion and devitrification thereof will progress. Then, various characteristics such as the luminous flux of the lamp and the color temperature change with the passage of the lighting time, and finally the arc tube is deformed and the arc tube leaks, resulting in a lamp failure.
【０００５】本発明は、前記に鑑みてなされたもので、
高効率で、演色性等の色特性が優れているばかりでな
く、長寿命である低電力形のメタルハライドランプを提
供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-power type metal halide lamp which has high efficiency and excellent color characteristics such as color rendering properties and has a long life.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、石英管の両端
に電極芯棒の先端部にコイル状電極を巻回した主電極を
封着し、内部に不活性ガス及び水銀と共に少なくとも希
土類金属ハロゲン化物を封入してなる発光管を外球内に
保持してなる管入力１００ｗ以下のメタルハライドラン
プにおいて、前記外球内は真空で、発光管形状は略回転
楕円面形状であり、発光管壁面負荷を１４〜２３ｗ／cm
2 とし、発光管重量Ｗ（ｇ）と管入力Ｐ（ｗ）との比
（Ｗ／Ｐ）を０．０３９以下と規定し、前記電極重量Ｍ
（mg）と管入力Ｐ（ｗ）との比（Ｍ／Ｐ）を０．７５以
下と規定し、前記電極芯棒断面積Ｓ（mm2）とランプ電
流値Ｉ（Ａ）との比である電流密度（Ａ／mm2）が７．
５〜１４の範囲であり、かつ前記電極の先端部から発光
管両端封着部までの距離をＬ1、前記電極コイル部の他
端部から封着部までの距離をＬ2 とした場合、０．２５
≦Ｌ2／Ｌ1≦０．７５であり、前記電極コイル部の他端
部から封着部までの距離Ｌ2 と管入力Ｐ（ｗ）との比が
０．００６≦Ｌ2／Ｐ≦０．０２であることを特徴とす
る。又、前記発光管の外周に長手方向にわたって円筒状
の石英管を配置して前記外球内に保持してなる。更に、
前記発光管内にアルゴンガス及び水銀と共にヨウ化ディ
スプロシウム及びヨウ化セシウムとヨウ化タリウムある
いはヨウ化ネオジウム封入してなる。According to the present invention, a main electrode having a coiled electrode wound around the end of an electrode core rod is sealed at both ends of a quartz tube, and at least a rare earth metal together with an inert gas and mercury is sealed inside. In a metal halide lamp having a tube input of 100 w or less in which an arc tube containing a halide is held in an outer bulb, the outer bulb has a vacuum, and the arc tube has a substantially spheroidal shape. Load 14 to 23 w / cm
2 , the ratio (W / P) of the arc tube weight W (g) to the tube input P (w) is specified to be 0.039 or less, and the electrode weight M
The ratio (M / P) of (mg) to the tube input P (w) is defined to be 0.75 or less, and the ratio of the electrode core rod cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) to the lamp current value I (A) is defined. Certain current density (A / mm 2 ) is 7.
When the distance from the tip of the electrode to the sealing parts on both ends of the arc tube is L 1 and the distance from the other end of the electrode coil to the sealing part is L 2 , 0.25
≦ L 2 / L 1 ≦ 0.75, and the ratio of the distance L 2 from the other end of the electrode coil portion to the sealing portion and the pipe input P (w) is 0.006 ≦ L 2 / P ≦ It is characterized by being 0.02. Further, a cylindrical quartz tube is arranged on the outer circumference of the arc tube in the longitudinal direction and is held in the outer sphere. Furthermore,
In the arc tube, dysprosium iodide, cesium iodide and thallium iodide or neodymium iodide are enclosed together with argon gas and mercury.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明は前記構成により、外球内の熱ロスを極
力小さくすることができ、発光管表面温度をほぼ均一と
して部分的に高温となる個所をなくし、ランプの良好な
発光特性を維持できるように発光管温度を低く抑えるこ
とができ、発光管の最冷部温度を所定の蒸気圧が得られ
るのに必要な温度に高めることができ、電極の立ち消え
を防止し熱による変形を防止するためであり、かつ発光
管最冷部となる封着部において所定の蒸気圧が得られる
のに必要な温度とするためである。又、発光管の保温及
び不慮の事故による外球破損等を防止することができ
る。更に、物の色の見え方が自然に近いとの色特性が優
れている。According to the present invention, the heat loss in the outer bulb can be minimized by the above-mentioned structure, and the surface temperature of the arc tube is made substantially uniform so that there is no part where the temperature becomes high and the good light emission characteristics of the lamp are maintained. The temperature of the arc tube can be kept low as much as possible, the temperature of the coldest part of the arc tube can be raised to the temperature required to obtain a predetermined vapor pressure, and the electrodes can be prevented from extinguishing and deformation due to heat. This is because the temperature is set to a temperature necessary for obtaining a predetermined vapor pressure in the sealed portion, which is the coldest portion of the arc tube. Further, it is possible to prevent the outer bulb from being damaged due to heat retention of the arc tube and an unexpected accident. Furthermore, it has excellent color characteristics that the appearance of the color of an object is close to natural.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明を図示の実施例に基づき説明す
る。図１はメタルハライドランプの側面図、図２は同発
光管の側面図であり、図中１は石英ガラス製の発光管で
あり、両端に主電極２ａ，２ｂを封着し、内部にアルゴ
ンガスと水銀及びヨウ化ディスプロシウム、ヨウ化タリ
ウム、ヨウ化セシウムが封入されている。又、発光管の
電極周辺部の外面には保温膜３，３が被着されている。
４は石英ガラス製の円筒管であり、発光管の外周にその
全長にわたって配置されている。そして、一端に口金５
を有する硬質ガラス製の外球６内のステム７に植立した
一対のリード線を兼ねたステンレス製の支柱８ａ，８ｂ
を介して発光管１が支持され、かつ円筒管は前記支柱８
ａ，８ｂ及びバネ状の止め金具９ａ，９ｂを介して支持
されている。又、外球６内は真空とされている。なお、
図中１０はジルコニウム−アルミニウムゲッターを示
す。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a side view of a metal halide lamp, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the same arc tube. In FIG. 1, 1 is a quartz glass arc tube, and main electrodes 2a and 2b are sealed at both ends, and argon gas is contained inside. And mercury, dysprosium iodide, thallium iodide, and cesium iodide. Further, heat insulating films 3 and 3 are attached to the outer surface of the peripheral portion of the electrodes of the arc tube.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a quartz glass cylindrical tube, which is arranged over the entire length of the outer circumference of the arc tube. And the base 5 at one end
Pillars 8a, 8b made of stainless steel, which also function as a pair of lead wires, erected on the stem 7 in the outer bulb 6 made of hard glass
The arc tube 1 is supported via the
It is supported via a, 8b and spring-like stoppers 9a, 9b. The inside of the outer sphere 6 is evacuated. In addition,
In the figure, 10 indicates a zirconium-aluminum getter.
【０００９】又、発光管１は図２に示すように、石英管
の両端に封着部１１ａ，１１ｂを形成し、該封着部には
一対のモリブデン箔１２ａ，１２ｂを介して、その先端
部にタングステンコイル２２ａ，２２ｂを巻回したタン
グステン芯棒２３ａ，２３ｂよりなる主電極２ａ，２ｂ
と外部リード線１３ａ，１３ｂが一体的に埋設されてい
る。ここで、発光管の中央発光部１ａは回転楕円面形状
に形成されている。そして、電極周辺部の外周には酸化
ジルコニウムからなる白色の保温膜３，３が被着されて
いる。更に、図２中Ｌ1 は前記電極芯棒２３ｂの先端部
から発光管封着部１１ｂまでの距離を 、Ｌ2 は前記電
極コイル部２２ａの他端部から封着部１１ａまでの距離
を示す。又、Ｌ3 は発光管内端部間の距離を表わす。As shown in FIG. 2, the arc tube 1 has sealing portions 11a and 11b formed at both ends of a quartz tube, and the sealing portion is provided with a pair of molybdenum foils 12a and 12b at its tip. Main electrodes 2a and 2b composed of tungsten core rods 23a and 23b having tungsten coils 22a and 22b wound around their portions.
The external lead wires 13a and 13b are integrally embedded. Here, the central light emitting portion 1a of the arc tube is formed in a spheroidal shape. Then, white heat insulating films 3 made of zirconium oxide are applied to the outer periphery of the electrode peripheral portion. Further, in FIG. 2, L 1 indicates the distance from the tip of the electrode core rod 23b to the arc tube sealing portion 11b, and L 2 indicates the distance from the other end of the electrode coil portion 22a to the sealing portion 11a. . L 3 represents the distance between the inner ends of the arc tube.
【００１０】次に、実験例について説明する。前記のよ
うに構成した７０ｗのメタルハライドランプにおいて、
図２に示す発光管構造で、内部にアルゴンガスを１００
torr、水銀を１０．８mg／cc及びヨウ化ディスプロシウ
ムを０．９mg／cc、ヨウ化タリウムを０．３mg／cc、ヨ
ウ化セシウムを０．４mg／cc封入した発光管の寸法と発
光管重量Ｗ（ｇ）とを表１に示すように種々変更したラ
ンプを試作して点灯実験した。又、電極芯棒は芯棒径が
０．３mm，０．３５mm，０．４mm，０．４５mmのもの
で、コイルの線径が０．１５mm，０．２mm，０．２５mm
のものを内側８ターン、外側５ターンの密接巻きしたも
のを用いた。 ［以下、余白］Next, an experimental example will be described. In the 70w metal halide lamp configured as described above,
The arc tube structure shown in FIG.
Size and arc tube of torr, mercury 10.8 mg / cc, dysprosium iodide 0.9 mg / cc, thallium iodide 0.3 mg / cc, and cesium iodide 0.4 mg / cc. A lamp having various weights W (g) as shown in Table 1 was prototyped and a lighting test was conducted. Also, the electrode core rod has a core rod diameter of 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, and the coil wire diameter is 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm.
What was closely wound with 8 turns inside and 5 turns outside was used. [Hereafter, margin]
【００１１】[0011]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１２】ここで、ランプは発光管重量Ｗ（ｇ）と
管入力Ｐ（ｗ）との比Ｗ／Ｐ＝０．０３５、ランプは
Ｗ／Ｐ＝０．０３９、ランプはＷ／Ｐ＝０．０４５の
場合を示す。そして、前記各ランプにおける、発光管の
壁面負荷を変化させた場合の平均演色評価数Ｒａの推移
を図３に示す。図３から明らかなように、Ｗ／Ｐの値が
０．０３９の場合、壁面負荷が１４ｗ／cm2 未満では高
演色性を表わすＲａが９０以上という効果は認められな
い。又、壁面負荷が１４ｗ／cm2 以上でもＷ／Ｐの値が
０．０３９を超えるとＲａが９０より下がることとな
る。これは、発光管の温度分布が不均一となり、発光管
両端部温度が低くなるからである。更に、壁面負荷が２
３ｗ／cm2 を超えると、発光管温度が高くなり過ぎ、早
期に発光管のリーク等が生じ短寿命となることがある。
このことより、発光管壁面負荷を１４〜２３ｗ／cm2 と
し、かつ発光管重量と管入力との比（Ｗ／Ｐ）を０．０
３９以下に選定する必要がある。Here, the lamp has a ratio W / P = 0.035 of the weight W (g) of the arc tube and the input P (w) of the tube, W / P = 0.039 for the lamp, and W / P = 0 for the lamp. The case of 0.045 is shown. Then, FIG. 3 shows the transition of the average color rendering index Ra in each of the lamps when the wall load of the arc tube is changed. As is clear from FIG. 3, when the value of W / P is 0.039 and the wall load is less than 14 w / cm 2 , the effect that Ra representing high color rendering is 90 or more is not recognized. Further, even when the wall load is 14 w / cm 2 or more, Ra falls below 90 when the value of W / P exceeds 0.039. This is because the temperature distribution of the arc tube becomes non-uniform and the temperature at both ends of the arc tube becomes low. Furthermore, the wall load is 2
If it exceeds 3 w / cm 2 , the temperature of the arc tube becomes too high, and the arc tube may leak early and its life may be shortened.
From this, the wall load of the arc tube is set to 14 to 23 w / cm 2 , and the ratio (W / P) between the weight of the arc tube and the tube input is 0.0.
It is necessary to select 39 or less.
【００１３】次に、図４に基づき発光管電極重量と管入
力との比（Ｍ／Ｐ）を変えた場合の平均演色評価数の変
化について説明する。前記実験例１と同様に構成したメ
タルハライドランプにおいて、発光管管壁負荷を１４Ｗ
／cm2 一定とし、前記電極コイル部２２ａの他端部から
封着部１１ａまでの距離であるＬ2と管入力との比（Ｌ2
／Ｐ）を次のように規定した４種のランプについて平均
演色評価数の推移を調査した。ここで、ランプはＬ2
／Ｐ＝０．００６、ランプはＬ2／Ｐ＝０．０１、ラ
ンプはＬ2／Ｐ＝０．０２、ランプはＬ2／Ｐ＝０．
０３の場合を示す。図４から明らかなように、Ｍ／Ｐの
値が０．７５を超えると高演色性を表わすＲａを９０以
上とすることができない。又、Ｍ／Ｐの値が０．７５以
下の場合でもＬ2／Ｐが０．０２を超えるとＲａが９０
より小さくなる。Next, the change in the average color rendering index when the ratio (M / P) of the arc tube electrode weight to the tube input is changed will be described with reference to FIG. In the metal halide lamp configured in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, the arc tube wall load was 14 W.
/ Cm 2 is constant, and the ratio of L 2 which is the distance from the other end of the electrode coil portion 22a to the sealing portion 11a to the pipe input (L 2
/ P) was defined as follows, and the transition of the average color rendering index was investigated for four types of lamps. Where the lamp is L 2
/P=0.006, the lamp has L 2 /P=0.01, the lamp has L 2 /P=0.02, and the lamp has L 2 / P = 0.
The case of 03 is shown. As is clear from FIG. 4, when the value of M / P exceeds 0.75, Ra representing high color rendering cannot be set to 90 or more. Even when the value of M / P is 0.75 or less, Ra is 90 when L 2 / P exceeds 0.02.
It gets smaller.
【００１４】また、図５に基づき発光管電極重量と管入
力との比（Ｍ／Ｐ）を変えた場合の平均演色評価数の変
化について説明する。前記実験例１，２と同様に構成し
たメタルハライドランプにおいて、発光管管壁負荷を１
４Ｗ／cm2 一定とし、Ｌ2／Ｐが０．０２の場合、前記
電極コイル部２２ａの他端部から封着部１１ａまでの距
離Ｌ2 と前記電極芯棒２３ｂの先端部から発光管封着部
１１ｂまでの距離Ｌ1 との比（Ｌ2／Ｌ1）を次のように
規定した４種のランプについて平均演色評価数の推移を
調査した。ここで、ランプはＬ2／Ｌ1＝０．２５、ラ
ンプはＬ2／Ｌ1＝０．５、ランプはＬ2／Ｌ1＝０．
７５、ランプはＬ2／Ｌ1＝１．０の場合を示す。図５
から明らかなように、Ｍ／Ｐの値が０．７５を超えると
高演色性を表わすＲａを９０以上とすることができな
い。又、Ｍ／Ｐの値が０．７５以下の場合でもＬ2／Ｌ1
が０．７５を超えるとＲａが９０より小さくなる。The change in the average color rendering index when the ratio of the arc tube electrode weight to the tube input (M / P) is changed will be described with reference to FIG. In the metal halide lamp configured in the same manner as in Experimental Examples 1 and 2, the arc tube wall load was set to 1
When 4 W / cm 2 is constant and L 2 / P is 0.02, the distance L 2 from the other end of the electrode coil portion 22a to the sealing portion 11a and the tip of the electrode core rod 23b from the arc tube sealing. The transition of the average color rendering index was investigated for four types of lamps whose ratio (L 2 / L 1 ) to the distance L 1 to the landing portion 11 b was defined as follows. Here, the lamp has L 2 / L 1 = 0.25, the lamp has L 2 / L 1 = 0.5, and the lamp has L 2 / L 1 = 0.
75, the lamp shows the case of L 2 / L 1 = 1.0. Figure 5
As is clear from the above, when the value of M / P exceeds 0.75, Ra representing high color rendering cannot be 90 or more. Even if the value of M / P is 0.75 or less, L 2 / L 1
When Ra exceeds 0.75, Ra becomes smaller than 90.
【００１５】更に、電極芯棒断面積Ｓ（mm2）とランプ
電流値Ｉ（Ａ）との比である電流密度（Ａ／mm2）につ
いて説明する。前記のように構成した発光管を用いたメ
タルハライドランプの電流密度を種々変更した場合の、
発光管の立消え特性及び電極の変形度について調査し
た。その結果を表２に示す。ここで、立消え特性中、△
印は点灯試験２回のうち１回立消えが発生した場合を示
す。又、電極の変形度×印は５００時間点灯後の電極の
変形を目視観察により認めた場合を示す。Further, the current density (A / mm 2 ) which is the ratio of the electrode core rod cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) and the lamp current value I (A) will be described. When changing the current density of the metal halide lamp using the arc tube configured as described above,
The extinguishing characteristics of the arc tube and the degree of electrode deformation were investigated. The results are shown in Table 2. Here, during the extinction characteristic, △
The mark indicates the case where the lamp goes out once in two lighting tests. Further, the degree of electrode deformation x indicates the case where the electrode deformation after 500 hours of lighting was visually observed.
【００１６】[0016]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１７】表２から明らかなように、電流密度が１
３．４Ａ／mm2 では電極の変形が生じ劣化に基づきラン
プが不点となった。又、電流密度が７．５Ａ／mm2 以上
では点灯中、ランプの立消えが発生する。このことよ
り、電流密度は７．５〜１４の範囲に規定する必要があ
る。As is apparent from Table 2, the current density is 1
At 3.4 A / mm 2 , the lamp became a defect due to the deformation of the electrode and deterioration. When the current density is 7.5 A / mm 2 or more, the lamp goes out during lighting. Therefore, the current density needs to be defined in the range of 7.5 to 14.
【００１８】このように、外球内を真空とするのは、ガ
スの対流による熱ロスを極力小さくするためであり、発
光管形状を略回転楕円面形状とするのは、発光管表面温
度をほぼ均一として部分的に高温となる個所をなくすた
めである。又、発光管壁面負荷を１４〜２３ｗ／cm2 と
することにより、ランプの良好な発光特性を維持できる
ように発光管温度を低く抑えることができ、長寿命とす
ることができ、発光管重量Ｗ（ｇ）と管入力Ｐ（ｗ）と
の比（Ｗ／Ｐ）を０．０３９以下とすることにより、発
光管の最冷部温度を所定の蒸気圧が得られるのに必要な
温度に高めることができる。更に、前記電極芯棒断面積
Ｓ（mm2）とランプ電流値Ｉ（Ａ）との比である電流密
度（Ａ／mm2）が７．５〜１４の範囲であり、前記電極
の先端部から発光管両端封着部までの距離をＬ1 、前記
電極コイル部の他端部から封着部までの距離をＬ2 とし
た場合、０．２５≦Ｌ2／Ｌ1≦０．７５であり、かつ前
記電極コイル部の他端部から封着部までの距離Ｌ2 と管
入力Ｐ（ｗ）との比が０．００６≦Ｌ2／Ｐ≦０．０２
とすることにより、高効率で、色特性が優れかつ平均演
色評価数を９０以上という高演色性とすることができ
る。As described above, the vacuum in the outer bulb is to minimize the heat loss due to the convection of the gas, and the arc tube shape is made substantially spheroidal so that the surface temperature of the arc tube is changed. This is to eliminate a part where the temperature becomes substantially uniform and partially becomes high temperature. Also, by setting the load on the wall surface of the arc tube to be 14 to 23 w / cm 2 , the temperature of the arc tube can be kept low so that the good light emission characteristics of the lamp can be maintained, and the life can be extended. By setting the ratio (W / P) of W (g) to the tube input P (w) to be 0.039 or less, the temperature of the coldest part of the arc tube becomes a temperature necessary for obtaining a predetermined vapor pressure. Can be increased. Furthermore, the current density (A / mm 2 ) which is the ratio of the electrode core rod cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) and the lamp current value I (A) is in the range of 7.5 to 14, and the tip of the electrode is in the arc tube ends L 1 the distance to the sealing portion, and a distance from the other end of the electrode coil portion to the sealing portion and the L 2, 0.25 ≦ L 2 / L 1 ≦ 0.75 from And the ratio of the distance L 2 from the other end of the electrode coil portion to the sealing portion and the pipe input P (w) is 0.006 ≦ L 2 /P≦0.02
By so doing, high efficiency, excellent color characteristics, and high color rendering properties with an average color rendering index of 90 or more can be achieved.
【００１９】前記と同様の試験を管入力が１００ｗ及び
５０ｗのランプについて行なったが、前記とほぼ同様な
結果が得られた。しかし、１００ｗを超える１５０ｗあ
るいは２００ｗ以上のランプでは前記傾向は確認できな
かった。又、前記実施例では発光管添加物としてディス
プロシウム、タリウム及びセシウムを封入したランプに
ついて説明したが、添加物としてディスプロシウム、ネ
オジウム及びセシウムを封入したランプについてもほぼ
同様な効果が認められる。この場合、色温度が６５００
Ｋ程度のランプが得られる。更に、発光管の電極として
図２に示すように、電極芯棒に電極コイルを巻回した電
極について説明したが、電極芯棒の先端部を電極コイル
部より突出せず、内部に収納したホロー型電極でもよ
い。この場合、発光管のアークスポットを広げてアーク
の安定性を増大することができる。The same test as described above was carried out for lamps having a tube input of 100w and 50w, and substantially the same result as the above was obtained. However, the above-mentioned tendency could not be confirmed in the lamp of more than 100w and 150w or 200w or more. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the lamp in which dysprosium, thallium, and cesium are enclosed as an arc tube additive has been described, but almost the same effect is observed in a lamp in which dysprosium, neodymium, and cesium are enclosed as additives. . In this case, the color temperature is 6500
A lamp of about K is obtained. Further, as the electrode of the arc tube, as shown in FIG. 2, the electrode in which the electrode coil is wound around the electrode core rod has been described, but the distal end portion of the electrode core rod does not protrude from the electrode coil portion and is housed inside. It may be a mold electrode. In this case, the arc spot of the arc tube can be widened to increase the stability of the arc.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明に係わる低電力形
メタルハライドランプは、発光管形状及び電極形状を規
定することにより、比較的色温度が低く平均演色評価数
も９０以上という高演色であるばかりでなく、発光効率
が高くかつ長寿命であるという利点がある。As described above, the low-power type metal halide lamp according to the present invention has a high color rendering index with a relatively low color temperature and an average color rendering index of 90 or more by defining the arc tube shape and the electrode shape. Besides, there is an advantage that the luminous efficiency is high and the life is long.
【図１】本発明に係わるメタルハライドランプの一実施
例を示す側面図。FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a metal halide lamp according to the present invention.
【図２】同発光管の側面図。FIG. 2 is a side view of the arc tube.
【図３】本発明ランプと比較ランプの発光管壁面負荷と
平均演色評価数との関係を示す特性図。FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the arc tube wall surface load and the average color rendering index of the lamp of the present invention and the comparative lamp.
【図４】本発明ランプと比較ランプの発光管電極重量と
管入力に対する比率と、平均演色評価数との関係を示す
特性図。FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the weight of the arc tube electrode of the present invention lamp and the comparative lamp, the ratio to the tube input, and the average color rendering index.
【図５】同じく本発明ランプと比較ランプの発光管電極
重量と管入力に対する比率と、平均演色評価数との関係
を示す特性図。FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the weight of the arc tube electrode of the lamp of the present invention and the comparative lamp, the ratio to the tube input, and the average color rendering index.
１ 石英製発光管 ２ａ，２ｂ 主電極 ３ 保温膜 ４ 円筒管 ５ 口金 ６ 外球 ７ ステム ８ａ，８ｂ 支柱 ９ａ，９ｂ 止め金具 １０ ゲッター １１ａ，１１ｂ 封着部 １２ａ，１２ｂ モリブデン箔 １３ａ，１３ｂ 外部リード線 ２２ａ，２２ｂ タングステンコイル ２３ａ，２３ｂ タングステン芯棒 1 Quartz arc tube 2a, 2b Main electrode 3 Insulating film 4 Cylindrical tube 5 Base 6 Outer bulb 7 Stem 8a, 8b Strut 9a, 9b Stopper 10 Getter 11a, 11b Sealing part 12a, 12b Molybdenum foil 13a, 13b External lead Wires 22a, 22b Tungsten coil 23a, 23b Tungsten core rod
Claims (4)
ル状電極を巻回した主電極を封着し、内部に不活性ガス
及び水銀と共に少なくとも希土類金属ハロゲン化物を封
入してなる発光管を外球内に保持してなる管入力１００
ｗ以下のメタルハライドランプにおいて、前記外球内は
真空で、発光管形状は略回転楕円面形状であり、発光管
壁面負荷を１４〜２３ｗ／cm2 とし、発光管重量Ｗ
（ｇ）と管入力Ｐ（ｗ）との比（Ｗ／Ｐ）を０．０３９
以下と規定し、前記電極重量Ｍ（mg）と管入力Ｐ（ｗ）
との比（Ｍ／Ｐ）を０．７５以下と規定し、前記電極芯
棒断面積Ｓ（mm2）とランプ電流値Ｉ（Ａ）との比であ
る電流密度（Ａ／mm2）が７．５〜１４の範囲であり、
かつ前記電極の先端部から発光管両端封着部までの距離
をＬ1 、前記電極コイル部の他端部から封着部までの距
離をＬ2 とした場合、０．２５≦Ｌ2／Ｌ1≦０．７５で
あり、前記電極コイル部の他端部から封着部までの距離
Ｌ2 と管入力Ｐ（ｗ）との比が０．００６≦Ｌ2／Ｐ≦
０．０２であることを特徴とする低電力形メタルハライ
ドランプ。1. A light emission in which a quartz electrode is sealed at both ends with a main electrode having a coiled electrode wound around the tip of an electrode core rod, and at least a rare earth metal halide is sealed inside together with an inert gas and mercury. Pipe input 100 that holds the pipe in the outer sphere
In a metal halide lamp of w or less, the inside of the outer bulb is vacuum, the arc tube shape is a substantially spheroidal shape, the arc tube wall surface load is 14 to 23 w / cm 2 , and the arc tube weight W
The ratio (W / P) between (g) and the pipe input P (w) is 0.039.
It is defined as follows, the electrode weight M (mg) and the tube input P (w)
The ratio (M / P) is defined as 0.75 or less, and the current density (A / mm 2 ) which is the ratio of the electrode core rod cross-sectional area S (mm 2 ) and the lamp current value I (A) is The range is 7.5 to 14,
When the distance from the tip of the electrode to the sealed portions on both ends of the arc tube is L 1 and the distance from the other end of the electrode coil portion to the sealed portion is L 2 , 0.25 ≦ L 2 / L 1 ≦ 0.75, and the ratio of the distance L 2 from the other end of the electrode coil portion to the sealing portion and the pipe input P (w) is 0.006 ≦ L 2 / P ≦
Low power metal halide lamp characterized by 0.02.
円筒状の石英管を配置して前記外球内に保持してなる請
求項１記載の低電力形メタルハライドランプ。2. The low-power metal halide lamp according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical quartz tube is arranged on the outer circumference of the arc tube in the longitudinal direction and is held in the outer bulb.
共にヨウ化ディスプロシウム、ヨウ化タリウム及びヨウ
化セシウムを封入してなる請求項１又は２記載の低電力
形メタルハライドランプ。3. The low-power metal halide lamp according to claim 1, wherein dysprosium iodide, thallium iodide, and cesium iodide are enclosed together with argon gas and mercury in the arc tube.
共にヨウ化ディスプロシウム、ヨウ化ネオジウム及びヨ
ウ化セシウムを封入してなる請求項１又は２記載の低電
力形メタルハライドランプ。4. The low-power metal halide lamp according to claim 1, wherein dysprosium iodide, neodymium iodide and cesium iodide are enclosed together with argon gas and mercury in the arc tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32389694A JP3573297B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Low power metal halide lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32389694A JP3573297B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Low power metal halide lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08162065A true JPH08162065A (en) | 1996-06-21 |
| JP3573297B2 JP3573297B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=18159824
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32389694A Expired - Fee Related JP3573297B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Low power metal halide lamp |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3573297B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007012336A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd | Ceramic metal halide lamp |
-
1994
- 1994-11-30 JP JP32389694A patent/JP3573297B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007012336A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd | Ceramic metal halide lamp |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3573297B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
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