JPH08159521A - Air cooling and heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the thermal efficiency and to further improve the immediate cooling and heating of a convection type by so providing a guide plate near an air outlet that the air supplied from an air conditioner is not brought into direct contact with a ceiling material. CONSTITUTION: A ceiling garret gap 3 is formed of a heat insulator 6 of a ceiling and a ceiling surface material 4, and an air conditioner 2 is installed at a part of the gap 3. The conditioner 2 has a duct 11 having a control valve 10 for regulating the air flow rate. A guide plate 7 is so provided that the air from the conditioner 2 is not brought into direct contact with the material 4. The dehumidified dry air from the conditioner 2 for supplying the dehumidified air of higher or lower temperature than the temperature of the air of a room 1 is diffused to the garret to the gap 3 to conduct radiation cooling or heating. Thus, it does not reach a dew point temperature at the ceiling having high thermal conductivity of a metal or the like, and the vapor condensation of the ceiling can be effectively prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air heating / cooling method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel heating / cooling system that enables comfortable and natural heating / cooling, has excellent thermal efficiency, and has a dew condensation preventing function.

[0002]

Conventionally, various heating and cooling systems have been developed and put into practical use as means for realizing a comfortable living space. These heating / cooling systems are roughly classified into those using an air convection method in which hot air or cold air from an air conditioner is directly blown into the room, and those with heating medium circulation paths or heaters installed on the floor, ceiling, wall surfaces, etc. Alternatively, it is distinguished from a radiation method in which cooling is performed by circulating a refrigerant. In recent years, an air convection radiation method has been developed that uses both the principles of the air convection method and the radiation method.
268139, and likewise JP-A-4-268140 and the like are known.

Among the conventional techniques, the convection method is effective for rapid heating and cooling, but it is difficult to optimize the room temperature, and even if it is effective in a closed space, heat loss occurs in the release system. However, since the dry air is blown directly from the air conditioner, the environment becomes over-dried, and the habitability is not so good. The radiant heating / cooling system has been attracting attention as a solution to the above drawbacks of the convection system. Is not suitable and the thermal efficiency is not so good. B) Since the heat medium circulation path is installed on the ceiling, wall, floor, etc., its arrangement by the panel structure causes an increase in equipment cost, and c) the radiation effect. When the radiator is cooled to the obtained temperature, there is a defect that water in the air is condensed.

[0004] Since the heating / cooling by the radiant heat system is effective in forming a comfortable and natural temperature environment, reduction of equipment cost and reduction of equipment weight have been promoted. In the actual situation, effective measures for remedying the drawbacks have not been realized in terms of necessity of a heat medium circulation path, thermal efficiency and dew condensation. In addition, the above-mentioned air convection radiation method has a problem in immediate heating and cooling, and it is necessary to improve this.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and while making the most of the characteristics of the heating and cooling by the radiant heat system, it also eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional method, improves the thermal efficiency and prevents dew condensation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new heating / cooling system capable of improving the convection type immediate heating / cooling property.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an air heating / cooling system characterized in that heat is transferred by air and the room is heated and cooled by the formation of radiation and convection. Therefore, air from an air conditioner whose temperature is higher or lower than the temperature of the room air is circulated to the space inside the ceiling or inside the wall for radiant heating and cooling, and the space inside the ceiling or inside the wall is cooled. Providing an air heating / cooling system that supplies and circulates some or all of the circulated air to the room, and the air supplied from the air conditioner does not directly hit the ceiling material. It is what Furthermore, a duct having a control valve for controlling the circulation ratio of the air circulating in the ceiling and the air supplied to the room is provided on the air intake side of the air conditioner. It has a suction port that opens and a suction port that opens to the inside of the room, both of which are integrated in front of the air intake of the air conditioner, and the suction port that opens to the inside of the room It is characterized in that it is provided close to the floor surface.

[0007]

In the conventional convection type and radiant type air conditioning systems, the heat balance of the human body in the space has hardly been considered. The heat balance due to this human body is considered to be 50% for latent heat and sensible heat, 30-40% for radiation, and 10-20% for heat transfer, but since this configuration has not been considered, it is due to air convection. In the case of heating and cooling, only the heat balance of 50% by latent heat and sensible heat is controlled, and in the case of the radiation system, only the heat balance of 30-40% by radiation is controlled.

On the other hand, in the air heating / cooling method of the present invention, radiant heating / cooling can be performed by circulating air from the air conditioner to the space above the ceiling or in the wall, and a part of this air can be used. By supplying the air to the room, it is possible to quickly heat and cool the air by convection and improve the thermal efficiency. Moreover, it is easy to control the humidity in the room by supplying dry air that has been dehumidified by the air conditioner to the room and circulating this room air to the air conditioner, and the air conditioner is supplied. Since the air does not directly hit the ceiling material due to the guide plate and the partition plate, it is possible to effectively prevent the formation of dew condensation on the back surface of the ceiling and prevent the occurrence of temperature unevenness on the ceiling surface. Further, since the circulation ratio of the air circulating in the ceiling and the air supplied to the room can be controlled, the heating / cooling operation can be performed by utilizing the characteristics of the heating / cooling by the radiation and convection method.

Further, since the suction port which opens to the indoor side is provided close to the floor surface in the room, it is possible to improve temperature unevenness in the room and significantly reduce power consumption. Hereinafter, the air heating / cooling system of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.

[0010]

1 is a cross-sectional view of a ceiling portion schematically illustrating the system of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a space behind the ceiling is formed by the ceiling heat insulating material (6) and the ceiling surface material (4),
An air conditioner (2) is installed in a part of the void.
The air conditioner is equipped with a duct (11) having a control valve (10) for adjusting the amount of air supplied to the room as a part thereof or in the vicinity thereof. Reference numeral (7) is a guide plate provided so that air from the air conditioner does not directly contact the ceiling surface material (4). As shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, dry air dehumidified from an air conditioner (2) that supplies dehumidified air whose temperature is higher or lower than the temperature of the air in the room (1) is used in the ceiling. And is circulated in the space above the ceiling (3) to perform radiant heating and cooling.

The air blown out from the air conditioner is applied to the centrally suspended guide plate (7) so as to prevent the air from directly blowing on the ceiling surface material (4) which is a radiant material. The air just blown out from the air conditioner is prevented from directly hitting the ceiling surface material (4), and this air and the air above the ceiling are mixed to slightly raise or lower the whole temperature to increase the temperature of the air above the ceiling. Homogenize. By doing so, it becomes possible to prevent the dew point temperature from reaching the ceiling surface having good thermal conductivity such as metal, and it is possible to effectively prevent dew condensation on the ceiling surface. Another function of the air guide plate (7) is to prevent the air blown from the air conditioner from short-pathing and being immediately sucked through the suction port. By doing so, it is possible to prevent local dew condensation from occurring and suppress the temperature difference in the room.

Next, 40% to 100% of this air is supplied to the ceiling surface material (4) through a small number of small holes (5), which is 40% to 100% of that of the conventional indoor heating and cooling apparatus. Air is blown into the room to circulate in the room, and the remaining air is circulated in the ceiling. The control valve (10) for controlling the air circulation ratio is attached to the duct (11) having a bidirectional suction port shown in FIG. By rotating this valve, the circulation into the room and the amount of air circulation inside the ceiling can be adjusted. For example, when the air conditioner is installed, it is required to heat and cool immediately. Therefore, the air is not sucked in from the ceiling, and the valve is adjusted to the fully open position so that it can be sucked in 100% from the inside of the room. To do. Next, after the indoor temperature reaches the target temperature, the air circulation amount on the indoor side is adjusted to about 40%. Since this adjustment amount varies depending on the thermal environment conditions of the room, it may be adjusted to any desired circulation amount. When the circulation amount on the indoor side is adjusted to 40 to 0%, the power consumption increases as compared with a normal wall-mounted air conditioner, and it becomes difficult to maintain the target temperature.

This is apparent from the following experimental example. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the ceiling opening ratio / suction ratio and the room temperature after steady operation. In this experiment, data were collected in five stages from 100% to zero as the suction ratio, using ceiling opening ratios of 8.7%, 4.3%, and 0.8%.

When the room temperature is set to 26 ° C., stable temperature control is possible if the opening ratio is 4.3% or more.
The air circulation ratio to the room is preferably about 50% or more. Next, FIG. 3 shows a configuration in which a suction port opening to the indoor side is provided close to the floor surface in the room. In this embodiment, the cool air (in the case of cooling) supplied to the room through the small holes in the ceiling surface material or the cool air radiantly cooled through the ceiling surface material is directed to the suction port that is opened close to the floor surface. The resulting air flow 14 causes rapid temperature propagation in the room.

FIG. 5 shows comparison data during cooling operation between the under-ceiling suction system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the above-floor suction system shown in FIG. As is clear from the experimental data, the floor suction type can significantly reduce the power consumption as compared with the direct overhead suction type. For example, in this experimental data, the air intake method under the ceiling was 1.19 Kw3H, whereas the air intake method under the floor was 0.82 Kw3H.

Further, according to this method, an air flow is generated from the top surface toward the suction port, so that temperature unevenness in the room can be reduced. The ceiling material is preferably constructed as follows. As a constituent material of the ceiling surface material (4), it is preferable to use a member having the highest thermal conductivity, for example, a metal. In the case of metal, since the metal surface has a very low thermal emissivity, a black paint with a high emissivity is applied to the backside of the ceiling to effectively exchange radiant heat of the backside of the ceiling, and the air and the heat insulating layer (6 ) Encourage heat exchange by radiation with. Furthermore, in order to improve the emissivity on the indoor side, the thickness of makeup coating, paper, and cloth is made as thin as possible, so that heat can be easily transferred from the ceiling material to the indoor side, and the emissivity to the indoor side can be improved. Can be improved. For example, the emissivity of a metal having a surface gloss is 0.02 to 0.04, and almost no radiation is performed. On the other hand, when the surface is covered with paint, paper, cloth, etc., the emissivity is 0.85.
It is improved to about 0.95. In this way, the finishing structure of the surface of the ceiling material is an important configuration for more effectively performing the air heating / cooling method of the present invention, which is characterized by performing heating and cooling in the room by forming radiation and convection.

Further, it is more preferable that the metal used for the ceiling material is provided with unevenness for the purpose of widening the heat transfer area and the radiation area. The small holes formed in the ceiling surface material (4) may be appropriately arranged on the entire surface of the ceiling surface material, or may be locally arranged. There is no particular limitation on the shape. It may be a suitable small hole such as a cylinder, a slot, or a quadrangle. Further, holes having different sizes may be appropriately arranged.

With the heat transfer structure as described above, air circulating inside the ceiling and air circulating inside the room can be generated, but it is not particularly necessary to separate these two paths. The suction port that returns to the air conditioner from the ceiling or the room is a single air flow before the heat exchanger so that the air returned near the air conditioner or inside the air conditioner via each route can be mixed. Should be integrated into. However, the route may be independent from the shape and capacity of the air conditioner.

With the above-described ceiling structure, it is possible to perform heating and cooling as quickly as the air convection method (conventional wall-mounted air conditioner), and it is possible to reduce the heating time by about the same as the system described in JP-A-4-268140. The target temperature can be reached in 2/3 to half the time. Moreover, even if the temperature distribution of the room cross section of the air flow by the conventional air convection method is seen, the thermal efficiency for heating and cooling the room (1) is greatly improved by the synergistic effect of radiation and convection according to the present invention. Moreover, the power consumption was almost the same as the conventional air convection method.

Furthermore, since the humidity of the room (1) can be easily controlled by supplying the dry air, the dew condensation on the entire ceiling surface (4) can be effectively prevented.
A heat insulating layer (6) and a moisture-proof layer can be appropriately formed in the space above the ceiling (3). In FIG. 2, the void has a multi-layered structure in which (13) is a partition plate, (8) is an air damper, and (9) is an outlet duct. Figure 2 shows the void (3)
The middle part of the above may be partitioned by a partition plate (13) having holes to form a multilayer structure.

A blowout duct (9) having an air damper (8) is appropriately arranged in the void (3) to provide the void (3).
It is possible to control the flow path of the air in the room, the air supply path of the air to the room (1), and the amount thereof. It can also be a local air outlet. Further, in the present invention, the air flow to the space above the ceiling (3) and the air supply to the room (1) from the air conditioner may be configured as separate air flows. In this case, it is possible to use different air conditioners or to branch each by a duct. In this case, it is not necessary to arrange the small holes on the ceiling surface (4).

Of course, the above example is for the ceiling part, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the air flow to the void part of the wall body and the air from the small hole of the wall body are blown and supplied into the room. You may apply to the thing of the system.

[0023]

According to the air heating / cooling method of the present invention,
Allows radiant heating and cooling by circulating air from the air conditioner to the space above the ceiling or inside the wall, and by supplying a part of this air to the room, it is possible to improve heating and cooling by convection and improve thermal efficiency. be able to.

Moreover, it is easy to control the humidity in the room by supplying the dry air that has been dehumidified by the air conditioner to the room and circulating this room air to the air conditioner. Since the supplied air does not directly hit the ceiling material due to the guide plate and the partition plate, it is possible to effectively prevent the formation of dew condensation on the back surface of the ceiling, and
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of temperature unevenness on the ceiling surface. Further, since the circulation ratio of the air circulating in the ceiling and the air supplied to the room can be controlled, it is possible to operate the heating and cooling using the characteristics of the heating and cooling by the radiation and convection method.

Further, since the suction port opening to the indoor side is provided close to the floor surface in the room, it is possible to improve temperature unevenness in the room and to significantly reduce power consumption.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a ceiling illustrating a heating / cooling system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a ceiling void portion is multilayered.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a heating / cooling system having a floor suction port.

FIG. 4 shows a relationship between a ceiling opening ratio / aspiration ratio and an indoor temperature.

[Fig. 5] Cooling temperature of the suction system directly below the ceiling and the suction system above the floor
It shows comparison data of electric power.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Indoor 2 Air Conditioner 3 Ceiling Space 4 Ceiling Surface Material 5 Small Hole 6 Heat Insulation Layer 7 Guide Plate 8 Air Damper 9 Outlet Duct 10 Control Valve 11 Suction Duct 13 Partition Plate 14 Air Flow

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. Radiant heating and cooling is performed by circulating air having a temperature higher or lower than the temperature of indoor air from an air conditioner to a space inside the ceiling or in a wall body, and at the same time, a part of this air is used as a ceiling material or wall. In an air heating / cooling system that supplies air from a small hole in the material to the room, a guide plate is provided close to the air outlet of the air conditioner so that the air supplied from the air conditioner does not directly hit the ceiling material. A characteristic air heating and cooling system. 2. Radiant heating and cooling is performed by circulating air having a temperature higher or lower than the temperature of room air from an air conditioner to the space above the ceiling or inside the wall, and part of this air is used as a ceiling material or wall. In an air heating / cooling system that supplies air into a room through small holes provided in a material, the air heating is characterized by having a multilayer structure with a partition plate inside the ceiling or inside the wall, and having a damper that controls the amount of air supplied to the room. Cooling system. 3. The ratio of the air circulating in the room to the air circulating in the ceiling is such that the air circulating in the room: the air circulating in the ceiling = 40 to 100: 60 to 0. The air heating / cooling system according to claim 1. 4. A duct having a control valve for controlling a circulation ratio of air circulating in the ceiling and air supplied to the room is provided on the air intake side of the air conditioner. Alternatively, the air heating / cooling system described in 2. 5. The duct has a suction opening that opens to the back of the ceiling and a suction opening that opens to the inside of the room, and both are integrated in front of the air intake of the air conditioner. The air heating / cooling system according to claim 4. 6. The air heating / cooling system according to claim 5, wherein a suction port opening to the indoor side is provided close to a floor surface in the room. 7. The air heating / cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the material used for the radiation surface of the ceiling surface or the wall surface is made of a material having high thermal conductivity. 8. The air heating / cooling system according to claim 5, wherein the ceiling material or the wall surface is painted black on the air supply side.