JPH08155495A - Method and apparatus for making charcoal and application method for produced charcoal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To efficiently reuse sludge by feeding carried sludge into a carbonizing chamber and making charcoal by carbonizing treatment. CONSTITUTION: Sludge mixed with dirty water which is transported by a conveyer is introduced into a dewatering tank and, after being dewatered and dried, is supplied to a charcoal making apparatus from a bent sludge introduction pipe 47. In this operation, the sludge 36, after being cut into pieces by a cutter 48, is led into a charging pipe 49 and charged into an apparatus main body 35. In the main body 35, on one side, a gas passage 55 for extracting zenerated oxygen and hydrogen components is formed in a U-shaped route form, and at its upper end, a gas purification passage 56 in which active carbon 42... is placded is formed. After the opening/closing lid 59 of the main body 35 being closed, the sludge 36 is subjected to carbonizing treatment through a communication port 51, with the active carbon 42... made seed by the ignition in an ignition part 54. The sludge 36 is converted into active carbon 42 by the corbonizing process, and the obtained active carbon 42 is taken out onto a chute 41 by the reciprocating drive of a cylinder 38.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coal making method, a coal making apparatus, and a method of using manufactured coal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a large amount of sludge is discharged from sewage treatment facilities, and these sludges have been incinerated and disposed of until now.

[0003]

However, there is a limit to the way of such processing. In other words, a large amount of money is required for transportation from incineration to landfill.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a coal-making method and a coal-making method capable of not only treating sludge at a very low price but also effectively reusing it thereafter. It is to provide a charcoal device and a method of utilizing the manufactured charcoal.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a method of introducing the sludge that has been conveyed into a smoking room and smoking it to obtain charcoal.

The invention according to claim 2 is the method according to claim 1, wherein the sludge is put into hot oil before being transported to the smoking room to evaporate moisture and the like.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In the method of (1), sludge is introduced into a mold equipped with a squeeze, is extruded, and is cut into pieces to be introduced into a smoking room.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, above the smoking chamber,
An apparatus provided with a plurality of sludge reduction cylinders communicating with the smoking chamber, and a means for introducing sludge into the reduction cylinders above the reduction cylinders.

The invention according to claim 5 is a method of using the smoked charcoal, which is directly or in a stored state and put in a purification container to be used for water purification.

The invention according to claim 6 is the method of use according to claim 5, wherein the object of water purification is a river or a treatment plant.

[0011]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention,
In this embodiment, 1 is a water removal tank, and sludge mixed with wastewater conveyed by a conveyor 2 is sequentially introduced into the removal tank 1 from the left side as shown in the figure.

A heating means 3 is attached to the bottom of the water removal tank 1, and the heating means 3 is temperature-adjustable. The heating means 3 may be configured so that the bottom surface of the tank is movable. Further, a screw type conveyor 4 is provided from the bottom part to the upper right part of the water removal tank 1 and is rotatable by a drive source 8.

Below the conveyor 2 of the water removal tank 1,
The slanted guide 6 is formed up to the entrance 5 of the conveyor 4 so that the sludge can be smoothly guided to the entrance 5. On the other hand, the chute 7 is provided at the exit of the conveyor 4 and the chute 7 is treated as shown by arrow A. Sludge is introduced to the next treatment facility.

At the upper opening of the water removing tank 1, activated carbon 10 ... Is loaded on the mesh floor 9 in order to deodorize the gas generated by evaporation, and the activated carbon 10 ...
In this figure, there are two stages, but one stage is also acceptable.
A new exchange may be made possible by opening and closing like an imaginary line arrow.

Further, although the mesh floor 9 extends over the entire tank, it may be provided in a part as shown in FIG. 3, provided that even if the through hole area is narrow, it extends over the entire tank as shown in FIG. Thus, the activated carbons 10 may be loaded so as to spread horizontally instead of vertically so as to deodorize. In this case, as shown in FIG.
In the case where 0 ... Is provided, the gas can be made to flow so as to diffuse horizontally even in the upper stage.

Further, the activated carbon 10 ... Is a vertically long cylinder (chimney type).
You may make it gas-fill from the lower part by filling in. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a drop hole 12 may be opened above the hot oil 11 of the conveyor 4 so that the hot oil is removed through the hole 12. The guide pipe 13 of the conveyor 4 may have at least a lower portion formed in a mesh shape.

FIG. 2 shows a chain lifting type conveyor 15 in place of the screw type conveyor. Reference numeral 16 is a lifting protrusion. In addition, such a scraping type conveyor can be adopted as the introducing conveyor 2,
In this case, the sludge introduction path is a groove type or a pipe type. Further, the chain-raising type conveyor 15 may itself have a mesh shape as shown in FIG. 3 or a perforated plate shape. Further, in the recovery of hot oil, as shown in the figure, the outlet of the chute 7 may be used as the mesh 17 and the mesh that has passed therethrough may be returned to the tank 1.

FIG. 3 shows a mesh type conveyor 18 for scraping up sludge. The conveyor 18 may also be provided with a scooping protrusion or a scooping bucket. Same conveyor 1
Although 8 has a dogleg shape, it may have a linear shape.

FIG. 4 shows the tank 1 in which the suction port 20 is exposed and the pump 21 sucks up the sludge. 22 is a conveyor that conveys the sludge that has been sucked up.
An oil recovery hopper 23 is installed correspondingly on the bottom side of the tank so that oil can be recovered in the tank 1. In addition, the siphoning method includes one that is pulled out horizontally from the suction port 20.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which sludge is taken out by a bucket crane type. 25 is a traveling crane, 2
Reference numeral 6 denotes a gripping bucket, which is driven in a cycle as shown by an arrow. As shown in the figure, the bottom shape of the tank 1 is
It may be V-shaped. This can be applied to each of the above embodiments. The bucket 26 has a slit, a mesh, or the like through which oil can escape. Further, the heating means 3 is attached to the inclined surface, but may be provided at the top of the bottom. The above water removing device is necessary to effectively achieve the smoked treatment shown in FIG. However, the removal process can be omitted before the smoking process. The conveyor 2 may be of another type such as a screw type, or may be a natural inflow type.

FIG. 6 shows a device for directly feeding sludge mixed with wastewater or for feeding dry sludge from the removing device as shown by an arrow A, mixing it in the device and then carrying it out. There is. The mixing device has a body 28
A horizontally opposed type (only one of which is shown in the figure) mixer main body 29 is rotatably provided horizontally inside the main body 29, and the main body 29 drives the drive source 3
It is adapted to be rotated from 0 through gears 31 ... A screw type conveyor 32 for discharging the mixed sludge is provided below the sludge, and a slender molding portion 33 is arranged at the outlet of the screw type conveyor 32 to discharge sludge having a constant cross-sectional shape. It is supposed to be done.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a smoking apparatus. In the same device, 35 is the device body, and sludge 3 from the device of the above embodiment
6 ... has been introduced. At the bottom of this device is sludge 36
A plurality of movable screens 37 in which balls are arranged at intervals in a bar so that they cannot pass as they are as they are are arranged in a front and rear direction in the drawing to be porous. This screen 3
The cylinder 7 is reciprocated by the cylinder 38. Below that,
A shutter 40 that is opened and closed by a cylinder 39 is provided.

Then, a chute 41 is provided below the exit.
Are provided so as to extend obliquely, and the chute 41 is provided with a first mesh 43 on the upper side of the slope, on which only fine activated carbon 42 ... Can be dropped, and on the lower side of the slope, activated carbon 42 of medium grain size. … Only the fallen and larger activated carbon 42
The second mesh 44 is formed so as to pass through as it is. Reference numeral 45 is each conveyor.

On the other hand, on the upper left side of the apparatus, a curved sludge introducing pipe 47 is provided so as to face up and down.
In addition, the sludge treated by the apparatus of the above-mentioned embodiment (sludge mixed from the apparatus of FIG. 1 in FIG. 6 or sludge conveyed from the apparatus of FIG. 1) or water not removed by these treatments was removed. Sludge is introduced, and after being cut by a cutter 48, the sludge is guided into a charging pipe 49 horizontally provided below the sludge. The sludge in the pipe 49 is sequentially pushed rightward by the cylinder 50, and is thrown into the apparatus through its outlet. In this way, there are cases where sludge is introduced into the apparatus via the charging means as indicated by arrow B, and cases where sludge is directly charged from the water removal apparatus shown in FIG. .

An ignition communication port 51 is formed on the side of the main body 35 of the coal making device, and an activated carbon container 52 is provided outside the ignition communication port 51.
Is equipped with a lid 53 and is openable and closable. In the activated carbon container 52, large activated carbon 42 produced by the same carbon-making apparatus is accommodated to serve as a seed for ignition, and an ignition part 54 is provided outside thereof.

On the other hand, on the other side of the apparatus main body 35, a gas passage 55 for removing vaporized oxygen and hydrogen components is formed in a U-shaped route, and the gas purification passage 5 for inserting the activated carbon 42 ...
6 is formed. The purifying passage 56 has an opening / closing lid 57 so that the activated carbon 42 ... Can be exchanged inside. A butterfly type diaphragm 60 whose passage area is controllable is provided at the upper end opening of the purification passage 56. Incidentally, 58 is a closing part of the apparatus main body 35, and 59 is an opening / closing lid for opening and closing the upper opening.

The sludge 36 is put in with the opening / closing lid 59 opened and brought into the state shown in the figure, and then the lid 59 is closed. Then, the activated carbon 42 is used as seeds by the ignition in the ignition part 54, and the sludge 36 is smoked through the communication port 51. Since the sludge 36 ... Is not supplied with air, it is gradually smoked.

When smoked, the sludge becomes activated carbon 42 ... To take out the sludge, the cylinder 38 is reciprocally driven and the cylinder 39 is left open. As a result, as described above, the fine, medium, and large jets are gradually discharged. Of these, for example, the larger one is introduced into the device of FIG.
Can be put inside. It may also be put in the purification passage 56. Further, medium or fine activated carbon may be put together in the apparatus of FIG. The large activated carbon can be used as the activated carbon 10 on the mesh floor 9 of the apparatus shown in FIGS.

The apparatus of FIG. 8 shows another coal-making apparatus. The mixed sludge from FIG. 6 and / or the activated carbon from the coal making device of FIG. 7 are introduced into the same device.
On the other hand, sludge from the device shown in FIG. 1 may be directly introduced. Reference numeral 61 is an introduction path through which sludge or activated carbon 62 is introduced by rolling as shown. Then, it is pushed into the tubular device body 63 by the cylinder 71. When the main body 63 is clogged with sludge or the like, it is smoked from the ignition section 64 at the end. Then, when the smoking process is completed, the opening / closing lid 6
It is discharged through the chute 66 by opening 5. 6
Reference numeral 7 is a purifying passage, in which activated carbon 68 ... And a diaphragm 69 are similarly provided, while a shutter 70 is provided below.

During smoking, the shutter 70 is closed and the opening / closing lid 65 is opened. When smoked in this state, gas flows through the purification passage 67 and is discharged to the outside through the activated carbon 68 ... And the throttle 69. The open / close lid 65 may be closed and smoked, but in that case, the lid 65
Can be a mesh. The smoked activated carbon is pushed out by the cylinder 71.

FIG. 9 shows another sludge treatment device. In this apparatus, when sludge from the water removing apparatus of FIG. 1 or the like or sludge that has not passed through the apparatus is introduced, as in the apparatus of FIG. 6, charcoal-made activated carbon may be simultaneously mixed. The apparatus includes a cylinder 75, which is reciprocally driven with respect to a diaphragm section 74 having a shutter 73, in an apparatus body 76.

Sludge from the apparatus or sludge containing activated carbon is introduced into the smoking apparatus shown in FIG. 7 or the smoking apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 shows another charcoal-making apparatus, in which the sludge from which water has been removed or a mixture of activated charcoal 80 ... Is introduced into a vertically oriented apparatus main body 79 having a screw type conveyor 78 at the bottom. After smoked as it is, it is led out by the conveyor 78. The device main body 79 may be of an oblique type like a virtual line.

FIG. 11 shows another charcoal-making apparatus, in which the apparatus main body 82 has a vertical tubular shape, and tubular portions 83 are provided above and below it. A fixed tube 84 is detachably connected to the tube portion 83. Then, the solid material and the activated carbon smoked as described above are mixed through the tubular portion 83 from the upper fixed tube 85.
… Is thrown in. The apparatus main body 82 may be provided with a suspender 86 so as to be detachable from the fixed cylinder 84, and a partition plate 87 may be provided inside.

12 to 17 show an embodiment in which the charcoal-made activated carbon 90 ... Is utilized for water purification. Among them, FIG. 12 shows a purifying tool in which spherical meshes 92 are detachably provided at both ends of the purifying cylinder 91. The activated carbon 90 from each of the above-mentioned embodiments is filled therein and used for purifying water by being put into a river or a sedimentation basin. Reference numeral 93 is a screw that is appropriately inserted.

FIG. 13 shows a purifying bag 95 which can be opened and closed by a fastener 94. The same bag 95 is filled with activated carbon. The replacement is performed by opening and closing the fastener 94. The bag 95 may be configured by connecting a plurality of bags.

14 and 15, the separable plates 98 are provided in the septic tank 97 in a meandering shape, and the activated carbon 99 produced as described above is put therein.
This may be configured before or after the sedimentation basin, or, for example, as a sedimentation basin.

FIG. 16 shows a purifying bag 101 ...
17 in which a plurality of connecting members 102 are connected.
The purifying bags 104 ... May be directly connected as described above. These may be disposable. These bags are thrown into rivers, lakes, sedimentation ponds, etc.

18 and 19 show another coal-making apparatus. The apparatus is a smoking room 10 equipped with an ignition unit 106.
7, a plurality of sludge reduction cylinders 108 ... Which communicate with the inside of the smoking chamber 107 are vertically provided, and above the same reduction cylinders 108 ..., sludge 109 inside the reduction cylinder 108.
A cylinder 110 for introducing ... Is provided.

The sludge is introduced into the sludge accommodating section 111 and the cylinders 110 ...
Sludge 109 is pushed into the inside, and smoked room 10
Many lines are lined up in 7 like virtual lines.
Therefore, smoking treatment is performed by ignition from the ignition unit (burner) 106. The activated carbon is carried out by the shovel 113 after opening the opening / closing lid 112 on the right side of the smoking room 107. The gas discharge means is provided above (not shown). Further, an incinerator 114 utilizing heat from the device may be provided adjacent to the device as shown in FIG.

In addition, the activated carbon produced above is made into fine carbon particles, briquette, and used as fertilizer. It can also be used as carbon-containing clothes and carbon-containing rubber materials.

[0043]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is a method for making a coal, an apparatus for making a charcoal, and a method for using the manufactured charcoal,
Not only can sludge be treated very cheaply, but it can also be reused effectively thereafter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water removing device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another water removing device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another water removing device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing another water removing device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another water removing device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a mixing device for sludge or the like.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an example of a coal manufacturing device.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing another charcoal-making device.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a main part of a sludge pushing device.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing another charcoal-making device.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing another charcoal-making device.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of purification means.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing another purification means.

FIG. 14 is a schematic vertical view showing another purifying means.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing another purifying means.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing another purifying means.

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing another example of a coal manufacturing device.

FIG. 19 is a schematic vertical sectional view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 42, 62, 68, 80, 90, 99 ... Activated carbon,
101, 104 ... Purification bag, 108 ... Sludge pressure lower cylinder.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A charcoal making method in which charcoal is obtained by introducing sludge that has been conveyed into a smoking room and smoking it. 2. The coal manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the sludge is put into hot oil before being transported to the smoking room to evaporate water and the like. 3. The method for producing coal according to claim 1, wherein the sludge is introduced into a mold provided with a squeeze, is extrusion molded, and is cut into pieces to be introduced into a smoking chamber. 4. A charcoal-making machine comprising a plurality of sludge reduction cylinders communicating with the smoking room above the smoking room, and a means for introducing sludge into the reduction cylinder above the reduction cylinder. apparatus. 5. A method of utilizing the smoked charcoal, which is used for water purification by directly or in a stored state and put in a purification container. 6. The method of using manufactured coal according to claim 5, wherein the target of water purification is a river or a treatment plant.