JPH08153446A - Power source change-over switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a power source change-over switch in which the stop of a load equipment can be prevented when a power source is switched, and one power source can be prevented from being laid in overload state when a service interruption or significant voltage reduction occurs in the other power source, and the other power source is switched to the one power source. CONSTITUTION: When an input spring 51 for inputting second contacts 7', 8' is operated at the switching from a first power source to a second switch, the second contacts 7', 8' make contact to each other, and a second kicker 52 releases first opening latches 55a, 66a to separate first contacts 7, 8. When the second power source is switched front the first power source, the first contacts 7, 8 make contact to each other, and a first kicker 76 releases second opening latches 61c, 71c to separate the second contacts 7', 8'. When both a second power source input solenoid 83 and a first power source opening solenoid 68 are simultaneously excited at the input of the second contacts 7', 8', the first contacts 7, 8 are separated in advance, and the second contacts 7', 8' are inputted after the first contacts 7, 8 are separated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a double-throw type power source changeover switch for switching between two power sources and supplying power to a common load.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The adoption of a cogeneration system capable of supplying electric power to a load from both power sources of two systems such as a commercial power source and an in-house power source has recently been generalized for the purpose of energy saving. In adopting this system, instead of a system that receives power from two power sources in parallel because of the simplicity of the electrical system protection system, a non-interconnection system that constantly receives power from only one power source is used. I have something to do. In such a non-interconnection system, the power source is frequently switched every day according to the usage state of power.

In such a system, not only when switching the power source in the normal state, but also when switching to the other power source in response to the failure of one power source, the load device is substantially uninterrupted. Is desirable. The following actual measurement data have been reported regarding the conditions under which load equipment stops due to a power outage or a large voltage drop in the power supply voltage. That is, the electromagnetic contactor stops when the power supply voltage is 50% or less of the specified value for 0.01 seconds or longer, and stops when the power supply voltage is 85% or less of the specified value for 0.06 seconds or more. Then, the operation is stopped. In the personal computer, the operation is stopped when the power supply voltage is 60% or less of the specified value for 0.07 seconds or more.

Conventionally, there have been a high-speed open transition system and a closed transition system as techniques for preventing such a load device from stopping as much as possible. The high-speed open transition method is to open the power supply switch means that is supplying power and then turn on the power supply switch means that is on standby at high speed within a few milliseconds to avoid a substantial power failure of the load. On the other hand, in the closed transition system, the power supply switch in standby is turned on, and immediately thereafter, the power supply switch means in power supply is opened, and the conduction of both power supply switch means is temporarily overlapped. Therefore, this closed transition method, compared to the high-speed open transition method,
There is an advantage that the switching of the power source can be performed completely uninterrupted. In both of these methods, both power supplies are operated at substantially the same voltage.
It is switched as a synchronous state, and it can be switched if the voltage of one power supply is within ± 2.5% of the other voltage, and if the phase of one power supply within the commercial frequency power supply is within ± 15 degrees of the other It is believed that.

As a power source changeover switch means used in a closed transition type power source changeover system, there is an electromagnetic contactor or a semiconductor element, and at the time of changeover, two contactors for both power sources are simultaneously in contact with each other. It is necessary to use a switch that can change laps, but in many cases, a dedicated double-throw type overlap changeover switch is used because of downsizing of the device, certainty of operation, consideration for short-circuit current carrying performance, and ease of wiring. . The problems of the conventional closed-transition power supply changeover system will be described below by taking the case of using a double-throw type overlap changeover switch as an example.

[0006]

FIG. 13 shows an example of a closed-transition type power supply switching system using a double-throw type overlap changeover switch. As a first power supply in a yard surrounded by an alternate long and short dash line. The electric power is supplied from the commercial power source U via a transformer, and is distributed to the general load L _U1 and the load L including the important load which cannot be stopped via the double throw type overlap changeover switch 110. Further, electric power is supplied to another general load L _G from the private power generation source G as the second power source in this premises. In such an electric circuit, uninterruptible switching is possible when both power sources are alive as described above. However,
When the power source is switched between the commercial power source U and the private power generation source G, the following problems will occur in consideration of the case where the commercial power source U has a large voltage drop or a power failure.

(1) When both contacts of the switch 110 are in overlapping contact and the circuits of the private power generation source G and the commercial power supply U are electrically connected, the load L _G , the load The current flows into L, the load L _U1 , the load L _U2 of the general consumer of the commercial power supply circuit, and the transformer. In general, the electric capacity of the load L _U2 and the transformer on the commercial power source side is large, and the electric capacity of the private power generation source G is relatively small. Therefore, in some cases, an overcurrent near a short circuit flows to the private power generation source G. As a result, an excessive current flows through the private power generation source G, the wiring wire, and the switch 110, which causes electrical and mechanical damage to them.

(2) Further, when the changeover switch disconnects the commercial power source in this overlapped state, it is necessary to cut off the overcurrent close to the above short-circuit current, and the changeover switch must have sufficient cutoff performance. I won't.

(3) Even if the problems (1) and (2) above can be solved, there is a power outage time from the occurrence of a power outage of the commercial power supply U to the turning on of the privately-generated power supply G,
If this time exceeds the actual measurement value of the condition regarding the stop of the load device described above, the load device will stop.

The above-mentioned problem has been described in the case where the first power source is relatively larger than the second power source by taking the switching between the commercial power source and the private power source as an example. Irrespective of the situation, even if the first power supply and the second power supply have the same capacity, a large current may flow in the second power supply or the electric circuit when a large voltage drop or power failure occurs in the first power supply. There is. For example, FIG. 14 is an example of such an electric circuit, which has generators G1 and G2 as the first and second power supplies, respectively. The electrical circuit includes loads L _G1 and L _G2 , respectively, which are powered by generators G1 and G2, and a critical load L, which is normally powered from generator G1 via switch 110. In this electric circuit generator G1
When the power supply of the load L is switched to the generator G2 due to a failure such as a power failure of the circuit of or a drastic drop in voltage,
Even when both contacts of the switch 110 are in overlapping contact and the circuits of the generators G1 and G2 are electrically connected, current flows from the generator G1 to the load L, the load _LG1 and the generator G2. As described above, the same problem occurs even if the difference in electric capacity between the two power sources is not remarkable like the switching system of the generators G1 and G2.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, for example, by selectively switching between power supplies and disconnecting both power supplies from a common load without causing a momentary power failure. It is to provide a double throw type power source changeover switch.

[0012]

A power source changeover switch according to claim 1 is a double throw type power source changeover switch for switching between a first power source and a second power source to supply power to a common load. First and second contactors provided corresponding to each of the two power supplies and opened and closed independently of each other; first and second charging means for respectively charging the first and second contactors; and the first and second charging means. A shutoff spring that biases the two contacts in the opening direction, and a first spring that is connected to the first and second contacts and is operated by the first and second closing means, respectively.
And the first operation arm and the first spring against the acting force of the blocking spring.
And first and second restraining the first and second operating arms, respectively, for maintaining the closed state of the second and second contacts, respectively.
The second latch, which is in the closed state after the first contact has started contacting, in the process of operating the opening latch and the first closing means to close the open first contact. In the process of operating the first crossing release mechanism for opening the contactor and the second closing means to operate the second contactor in the open state, the first opening latch is released and the second contactor starts contact. After that, the second cross-release mechanism for opening the first contact in the closed state, and the second and first cross-release mechanisms provided corresponding to at least one of the first and second opening latches are controlled separately. Latch release means for releasing the corresponding first and second opening latches.

In the power source changeover switch of the first aspect,
The two contacts can be operated individually, and when one of the two contacts is closed by a mechanical interlocking mechanism, the two contacts temporarily overlap and come into contact with each other. The function of the conventional double throw switch for overlapping switching, in which the contact is automatically opened, and the contact in the closed circuit on the side where the release latch release means is provided can be freely opened and both contacts There is a function that allows the child to be in an open circuit. Moreover, the contactor is opened at a high speed because the opening force is released all at once by releasing the opening latch that is restrained by the opening force of the breaking spring in the closed state.

Since the former function is a double throw type power source change-over switch, it can be a mechanical interlocking mechanism because the two contacts are formed on a common substrate, so that interlocking can be performed at high speed. The switching can be performed at a stable timing. As a result, when the two contacts are brought into overlapping contact with each other, the high-speed opening operation of the contacts after releasing the above-mentioned opening latch is added, and the overlap time becomes extremely short. The latter function is to open the contact in the closed circuit at high speed by the opening latch releasing means, so that the power supply connected to the contact on the side where the opening latch releasing means is provided has a failure in the power supply during power supply. In this case, the opening latch releasing means is operated to immediately open the contactor to disconnect the power supply. By simultaneously performing the operation of the open latch releasing means, the power is turned on while the power is on standby, the power can be supplied to the load in the shortest time after the occurrence of the failure, and the power failure time can be shortened as much as possible. In this case, the switch generally has a considerably large amount of movement of the contact when the contact of the contact in the closed state is opened compared with the amount of movement of the contact until the contact of the contact in the circuit state comes into contact. , Even if a power-on command for power-supply standby is issued at the same time as a command to release the contact release latch on the power-supply side while power is being supplied, the power supply being supplied is disconnected before the power is supplied to power-supply standby. Switching is possible. In addition, since the load can be disconnected from the power source when both power sources are in a hot line state, it is possible to easily inspect the insulation performance of the load open circuit.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power source changeover switch in which the toggle is provided between the first contact and the first operating arm and between the first operating arm and the first closing means. A link mechanism is configured, and a toggle link mechanism is configured between the second contact and the second operation arm and between the second operation arm and the second closing means.

In the power source changeover switch of claim 2,
Both the first and second contactors are connected in series 2
The type of toggle link mechanism increases the stroke from the contact start to the contact completion for the closing mechanism, so that a sufficient margin can be secured in the mechanism for overlap switching, and the reaction force applied to the operating mechanism after the contact starts. Can be relaxed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the power source changeover switch according to the first or second aspect, the first closing means for operating the first contact is a solenoid closing mechanism, and the second closing means is for operating the second contact. The closing means is a spring closing mechanism, and the closing spring stores energy by the operation of the solenoid closing mechanism.
The closing holding latch holds the charged state, and at the time of closing, the closing latch releasing solenoid is operated to release the stored closing spring to close the latch. The latch releasing means is a solenoid operating mechanism and at least the first opening. It is provided on the latch.

In the power source changeover switch according to the third aspect, the solenoid mechanism generally operates at high speed, and the first closing means of the solenoid closing mechanism closes the first contactor at high speed.
The spring closing mechanism generally operates at a higher speed than the solenoid closing mechanism, and closes the second contact. By providing the first opening latch with the opening latch releasing means, the opening timing of the first contactor becomes extremely early, and the second closing means for closing the second contact piece is closed by the spring closing mechanism that operates faster than the solenoid. Therefore, the closing timing becomes extremely early, and the time from the opening of the first contactor to the closing of the second contactor can be minimized. Therefore, this switch is a system that switches between power sources with large differences in capacity, such as between a commercial power source and a private power source, to feed a common load. The commercial power source and the private power source are provided to the first and second contacts, respectively. It is most suitable to use for the system that prevents the overload operation of the privately-generated power source at the time of the power failure of the commercial power source and minimizes the power failure time of the common load by connecting. Also, the first
Since the closing spring of the second closing means can be stored by the operation of the closing means, the structure can be simplified.

According to a fourth aspect of the power source changeover switch of the first or second aspect, both the first and second closing means are solenoid closing mechanisms, and the latch releasing means is a solenoid operating mechanism. .

In the power source changeover switch of claim 4,
The solenoid closing mechanism generally has lower high-speed closing characteristics than the spring-closing mechanism, but it operates at high speed as described above, and this method is used in systems where the structure is simple and higher speed than required is not required. It is enough. If a solenoid mechanism having a large output is used, it can have a high speed corresponding to a spring closing mechanism.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1. 1 and 2 show a three-pole double-throw type power source changeover switch 1 for a three-phase circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
00 is an external plan view and a side view showing 00. The power source changeover switch 100 includes a contact mechanism section 1, an operation mechanism section 2, a pair of mounting members 3 common to these mechanism sections 1 and 2, a first
It has a first power supply terminal 4 connected to a power supply, a second power supply terminal 5 connected to a second power supply, and a load terminal 6 connected to a common load.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the contactor mechanism section 1 taken along line III-III in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show the operation mechanism section 2 from lines IV-IV and VV in FIG. 1, respectively. It is the cross-sectional view as seen, and in both cases, the first contact on the side of the first power source is in the closed state and
It is a figure in the state where the 2nd contact child by the side of a power supply is in an open circuit. Figure 6
2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the operation mechanism unit 2 as seen from the line IV-IV in FIG. 1, in which the first contact on the first power source side is opened in the second state
It is a figure in the closed state of the 2nd contact child by the side of a power supply.

First, the contact mechanism section 1 will be described.
In FIG. 3, the contactor mechanism portion 1 is formed on an insulating plate 28 attached to the attachment member 3, all three poles have the same structure, and the first contactor in the right half and the second contact in the left half are respectively formed. The child and the child are symmetric. Therefore, the structure of the first contactor will be mainly described.

The conductive portion of the contactor mechanism portion 1 has a fixed contactor 4 which also serves as a first power source terminal, a fixed contact 7 provided at one end of the fixed contactor 4, and a movable contacting / disconnecting contact with the fixed contact 7. It includes a movable contactor 9 having a contact 8, and a flexible conductor 11 having one end connected to the tail end of the movable contactor 9 and the other end connected to one end of a connection terminal 10. Further, the other end of each of the connection terminals 10 on the first and second contact side is connected to the first
And a single relay terminal 12 common to the second contactor side and for each pole.
Is connected to the load terminal 6 for each pole via.

The movable contactor 9 is a mechanism such as a movable contactor support member 13, a link 14, levers 15 and 16 and a crossbar 17 which are arranged between a pair of frames 24 attached to an insulating plate 28. Operated by parts. The movable contactor 9 is coupled to the movable contactor support member 13 by a shaft 18, and rotates with the rotation of the movable contactor support member 13 pivotally supported by a shaft 19 bridged by a pair of frames 24. The movable contact 9 is biased in the clockwise direction by the action force of the contact pressure spring 29 at the end portion on the opposite side of the movable contact 8 with respect to the shaft 18, and in the closed state, the movable contact 8 is fixed.
Is in contact with a predetermined pressure. In this state, the movable contact 9 is slightly counterclockwise rotated against the acting force of the contact pressure spring 29. The movement amount of the movable contact 8 corresponding to this rotation amount is the contact pushing amount. The movable contactor support member 13 is connected to a link 14 by a shaft 18, and the link 14 is connected to a lever 15 via a shaft 20. The lever 16 is pivotally supported by a shaft 21 that is bridged together with the lever 15 on a pair of frames 24, and a crossbar 17 is screwed to the lever 16 by a crossbar clamp 22.

A U-shaped notch 16 is formed at the tip of the lever 16.
a of the crossbar 17 that rotates around the shaft 21 by engaging with the pin 25 provided in the lever 15 so as to penetrate through the elongated hole 24a formed concentrically with the shaft 21 in the frame 24. The motion is transmitted to the lever 15. A blocking spring 26 is stretched between the first and second contacts on the shaft 20 via a mounting member. An arc extinguishing device 27 is arranged near the separation of the fixed contact 7 and the movable contact 8.

Next, the operation of the contact mechanism section 1 when the operation mechanism section 2 described later operates. First, the operation when the right half first contactor is opened in FIG. 3 will be described. When the operation mechanism section 2 is operated to open the first contactor, the shaft 20, the lever 15, and the pin 2 are released.
5, the acting force of the breaking spring 26 held by the latch mechanism of the operation mechanism section 2 is released via the lever 16 and the crossbar 17, and the shaft 20 moves to the left. During this movement, the crossbar 17 rotates together with the lever 16 around the shaft 21 in the clockwise direction, and the movable contact supporting member 13 rotates around the shaft 19 in the counterclockwise direction via the link 14 and the shaft 18. . At this time, the movable contact 9 is rotated clockwise by the biasing force of the contact pressure spring 29 with respect to the movable contact support member 13 by an amount corresponding to the pushing amount of the movable contact 8, and one end thereof is movable. The movable contact 8 separates from the fixed contact 7 immediately after contacting the stopper provided on the. After that,
The movable contactor 9 rotates counterclockwise together with the movable contactor support member 13 and stops rotating when a gap corresponding to a predetermined insulation distance is secured between the contacts. The state is similar to that of the two-contactor. This operation is the same when the second contact is released from the closed state.

Next, the operation when the second contact in the left half of FIG. 3 is closed will be described. Since the second contactor is configured symmetrically with the first contactor, the reference numeral of each member on the second contactor side is replaced with the reference numeral of the corresponding member on the first contactor side.
In addition, when the operation mechanism section 2 operates so that the second contactor is closed, the crossbar 17 'rotates together with the lever 16' in the clockwise direction around the shaft 21 '. At this time, the lever 15 'also rotates clockwise through the pin 25', and the movable contact supporting member 13 'through the link 14'.
Moves around the shaft 19 'in the counterclockwise direction, and the movable contact 8'of the movable contact 9'combined with the movable contact support member 13'.
Comes into contact with the fixed contact 7'and is closed, and the state is similar to that of the first contact in the right half of FIG. This operation is the first
The same applies when the contactor is turned on from the open state.

As described above, the movable contact support member 13, the link 14 and the lever 15 on the first contact side, and the movable contact support member 13 ', the link 14' and the lever 15 on the second contact side. ′ Together constitutes a toggle link mechanism.

Next, the operation mechanism section 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the operation mechanism unit 2 includes first and second operation mechanisms for operating the first and second contacts, respectively, and a pair of mechanism frames 31 provided on the base plate 30. Is mainly built on. In addition, the base plate 30 includes
The mounting member 3 is mounted.

The first closing means of the first operating mechanism is a solenoid closing mechanism having two sets of solenoids 32 and 33 constructed between a pair of mechanism frames 31. Solenoids 32 and 33 are coils 34 and 3, respectively.
5, yokes 36 and 37 made of a magnetic material, fixed cores 38 and 39 made of a magnetic material, movable cores 40 and 41 made of a magnetic material and biased to the right by a spring (not shown), and one end of the movable cores 40 and 41. It includes guide rods 42 and 43 made of non-magnetic material.

The guide rods 42 and 43 move linearly in the cylinders of the cylindrical fixed cores 38 and 39, respectively. For example, when the solenoid 33 operates, the guide rod 43 moves leftward and presses the movable core 40 leftward. The movable core 40 is formed with a long hole 40a that penetrates the movable core 40 at right angles to the moving direction so that the moving direction of the movable core 40 is the longitudinal direction. An arm 45 formed by bending in a "U" shape is rotatably supported on a rotary shaft 44 bridged to the mechanism frame 31, and a closing shaft 46 is provided at one end of the arm 45 with a length of the movable core 40. It is bridged so as to pass through the hole 40a. One end is further fixed around the rotation shaft 44, and the other end is engaged with the arm 45 so that the arm 4
A torsion spring 47 is provided to bias 5 in the counterclockwise direction.

First operation arm 55 for operating the first contactor
Is bent in a U-shape and is rotatably supported by a shaft 54 bridged by the mechanism frame 31. The first operating arm 55 has a concentric elongated hole 55b formed in the shaft 54, an operating shaft 56 inserted through the elongated hole 55b is bridged to one end of a pair of links 57, and the other end of the link 57 is linked to the link shaft 5.
8 is connected to the other end of the arm 45. In addition,
The shaft 54 is the shaft 21 on the first contactor side of the contactor mechanism section 1 described above.
The first operating arm 55 is attached to the crossbar 17 extending from the contact mechanism 1 together with the crossbar clamp 59 with screws.

A first latch shaft 66 rotatably bridged to the mechanism frame 31 and a first latch shaft 66 which cooperates with the first latch shaft 66.
The open latch release arm 67 is provided in a counterclockwise direction by a spring (not shown), and the first latch shaft 66 has a latch engaging portion 66a having a semicircular cross section formed on a part of the shaft. A latch engagement portion 55a formed at an end portion of the first operation arm 55 opposes the latch engagement portion 66a so as to be engageable with each other to form a first open latch. The first open latch release arm 67 has first and second end portions 67a and 67b and an end edge portion 67c which are respectively bent in an "L" shape.
And a notch that has. The first end portion 67a faces an end portion 52a of the second kicker 52 described below,
The end portion 67b is the operating rod 69 of the first power supply opening solenoid 68.
Is facing. Further, a stopper pin 70 that can come into contact with the edge portion 67c of the notch is provided so as to bridge the mechanism frame 31, so that the rotation range of the first open latch release arm 67 is limited.

The second closing means of the second operating mechanism is a spring closing mechanism, and includes a pair of arms 48 constructed between a pair of mechanism frames 31, a spring holding shaft 49 bridged to one end of the arms 48, and a base. Spring holding shaft 50 fixed to 30
And a closing spring 51 that is stretched between and. A pair of arms 48 integrally connected with each other are located on both outer sides of an arm 45 formed by bending in a "U" shape, rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 44, and a closing spring. It is biased counterclockwise by 51. The arms 48 are formed with recesses 48 a that engage with the closing shaft 46. A second kicker 52, which is bent in a "U" shape inside the arm 45, is rotatably supported by the rotation shaft 44 so that the second kicker 52 and the arm 48 are integrated. The second kicker 52 and the arm 48 are connected to each other by a pin 53 which is inserted through a notch and a hole formed in the arm 48, and the arm 45 is attached to the rotary shaft 44 so as not to hinder the cooperation thereof. Concentric elongated holes 45a are formed.

Second operation arm 61 for operating the second contactor
Is formed by bending in a U-shape, and is rotatably supported by a shaft 60 bridged by the mechanism frame 31. The second operation arm 61 is formed with a concentric elongated hole 61a in the shaft 60, and an operating shaft 62 inserted through the elongated hole 61a has a pair of links 6.
3 is bridged to one end, and the other end of the link 63 is a link shaft 64.
Is connected to the other end of the arm 48 by. The shaft 60 is the shaft 21 'on the second contact side of the contact mechanism section 1 described above.
The second operation arm 61 is concentrically attached to the crossbar 17 ′ extending from the contact mechanism 1 together with the crossbar clamp 65 by screws.

A second latch shaft 71 rotatably bridged to the mechanism frame 31 and a second latch shaft 71 which cooperates with the second latch shaft 71.
An open latch release arm 72 is provided. The first return spring 73, which is a torsion spring that biases the second latch shaft 71 in the clockwise direction, which is the first rotation direction, is the second latch shaft 7.
1 is wound around and one end of which engages with the stopper pin 70 and the other end of which is the second open latch release arm 72.
Is engaged with. A part of the second latch shaft 71 having a semicircular cross section is formed on a part of the shaft, and both edge parts of the semicircle form latch latch portions 71b and 71c. The latch engagement portions 71b and 71c are the latch engagement portions 6 formed on both sides of the end portion of the second operation arm 61, respectively.
1b and 61c are engaged with each other so that they can be engaged with each other,
b and the latch engaging portion 61b constitute a closing latch, and the latch engaging portion 71c and the latch engaging portion 61c constitute a second opening latch. Second release latch release arm 72 "L"
The first end 72a bent into a letter shape faces the first kicker 76 fixed to the arm 45 with a screw. The second opening latch release arm 72 is also formed with a notch to limit the range of rotation, and the end edges 72b and 72 thereof are formed.
The stopper pin 70 can come into contact with c.

An arm 78 is rotatably supported on the shaft 60. A second return spring 79, which is a torsion spring that biases the arm 78 counterclockwise, is wound around the shaft 60, and one end of the second return spring 79 has a second operation arm 61.
, And the other end is engaged with the arm 78. A link 81 is connected between the pin 91 planted in the arm 78 and the pin 80 planted in the second open latch release arm 72. Link 80 pin 80
The connecting portion with is a long hole 81a formed long in the moving direction of the link 81. As will be described later, when the second contact is in the open state, the right end of the long hole 81a and the pin 80 are engaged,
When the second return spring 79 acts to bias the second opening latch release arm 72 in the counterclockwise direction, which is the second rotation direction of the second latch shaft 71, and is in the closed state as described later with reference to FIG. Is configured so that the pin 80 does not engage with the right end of the long hole 80a and the acting force of the second return spring 79 does not reach the second open latch release arm 72. The second
The return spring 79 acts on the second opening latch releasing arm 72 when the second contact is in the open state. The acting force of the second returning spring 79 is the action that the first returning spring 73 acts on the second opening latch releasing arm 72. It is set to be larger than the force. That is, when the second contactor is in the open state,
The latch shaft 71 is biased in the second rotation direction.

The second latch shaft 71 is a pair of mechanism frames 3
It is extended to the outside of 1. The outer portion of the mechanism frame 31 is shown in FIG. 5, but since FIG. 5 is shown in the left-right direction opposite to FIG. 4, caution is required. In FIG. 5, a closing latch release arm 82 is provided so as to cooperate with the second latch shaft 71, and one end 82a and the other end 82b of the closing latch release arm 82 bent in an "L" shape are formed. The operation rod 84 of the second power-on solenoid 83, which is a closing latch release coil, and the second manual power-on button 85 are opposed to each other.

The first operating mechanism side arm 45, the link 57 and the first operating arm 55 and the second operating mechanism side arm 48, the link 63 and the second operating arm 61 respectively constitute a toggle link mechanism. .

Next, three operations of the power source changeover switch 100 will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram for systematically explaining the operation of the main components of this changeover switch, in which the solid arrow indicates the contact closing operation and the dotted arrow indicates the opening operation. FIG. 8, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are timing charts showing the first, second and third operations described below when the power source changeover switch 100 is used in the power source changeover system.

FIG. 4 shows the states of the operating mechanism section 2 corresponding to the closed state of the first contact piece and the open state of the second contact piece. The coils 34 and 35 of the first charging means of the first operating mechanism
Is in a non-excitation state, and the movable cores 40 and 41 are stationary at the right ends of their respective moving ranges. The arm 45 is biased in the counterclockwise direction, and the closing shaft 46 provided at one end of the arm 45 contacts the end of the elongated hole 40a of the movable core 40 and stands still. The first opening latch release arm 67 on the side of the first operation mechanism comes into contact with the stopper pin 70 at the end edge portion 67c of the notch and stands still, and is biased clockwise by the acting force of the breaking spring 26 of the contact mechanism portion 1. The first operating arm 55 has its latch engagement portion 55a engaged with the latch engagement portion 66a of the first latch shaft 66 and is stationary, and maintains the first contact in the closed state. In this state, the operating shaft 56 has the long hole 5
Since it is located in the middle of 5b, the first operation arm 55 receives no action from the arm 45.

On the other hand, the closing spring 51 of the second closing means of the second operating mechanism stores energy and the arm 48 and the closing shaft 46 are not engaged. The second return spring 79 acts via the link 81 and the pin 80 to bias the second opening latch releasing arm 72 in the counterclockwise direction which is the second rotation direction of the second latch shaft 71, and the end of the notch. The edge 72b is engaged with the stopper pin 70 and is stationary. The energizing force of the closing spring 51 is
The arm 48 is biased counterclockwise, and the operating shaft 62 presses the end edge portion of the elongated hole 61a of the second operating arm 61 via the link shaft 64 and the link 63, and the second operating arm 61 is biased clockwise. I am letting you. The stored force of the closing spring 51 is held by the latch engagement portion 61b of the second operation arm 61 engaging with the latch engagement portion 71b of the second latch shaft 71.

First, the first operation is a switching operation in which both the first and second contacts are in contact with each other when they are switched from the first power supply to the second power supply. The operation when switching from the state of FIG. 4 in which the first power source is selected to the second power source in this way will be described with reference to the sectional view of FIG. 5 and the timing chart of FIG. When the second power-on solenoid 83 is excited at time t1, the operating rod 84 presses the one end 82a of the closing latch releasing arm 82, and the closing latch releasing arm 82 rotates counterclockwise. This behavior is
It can also be performed by pressing the second power source manual closing button 85 downward to press the other end 82b of the closing latch releasing arm 82. When the closing latch releasing arm 82 rotates, the cooperating second latch shaft 71 rotates counterclockwise. This second
The rotation direction of the latch shaft 71 is clockwise in FIG.

In FIG. 4, when the second latch shaft 71 rotates clockwise, the latch engaging portion 6 of the second operating arm 61 is moved.
The engagement between 1b and the latch locking portion 71b of the second latch shaft 71 is released. Therefore, the release of the stored force of the closing spring 51 is started at time t2, the arm 48 rotates counterclockwise, and the crossbar 17 ′ rotates clockwise along with the second operation arm 61 via the link 63. After the time t3, the contacts come into contact with each other and the second contactor is closed. The operation of the spring closing mechanism is performed at an extremely high speed in order to release the stored spring force at once. In the middle of this operation, the second kicker 52 that cooperates with the arm 48 rotates counterclockwise,
The end portion 52a abuts and presses the first end portion 67a of the first opening latch releasing arm 67 in a state where the closing operation of the contact is considerably advanced, and the first opening latch releasing arm 67 together with the first latch shaft 66 is clocked. Rotate in the direction. Therefore, time t
4, the engagement between the latch engagement portion 66a of the first latch shaft 66 and the latch engagement portion 55a of the first operation arm 55 is released, and the action force of the breaking spring 26 in FIG.
At the same time, the crossbar 17 rotates clockwise, and after the time t5, the contacts open and the first contactor opens. The second kicker 52 and the latch engagement portion 66a of the first latch shaft 66 that constitutes the first release latch, the latch engagement portion 55a of the first operation arm 55, and the first kicker 76 and the second release latch described below are provided. The constituent latch latching portion 71c of the second latch shaft 71 and the latch latching portion 61c of the second operating arm 61 constitute overlap switching means. Second
The kicker 52 and the first release latch release arm 67 are
A second cross release mechanism is configured to release the first opening latch of the first operation mechanism by the closing operation of the operation mechanism.

The end portion 52a of the second kicker 52 and the first release latch release arm are arranged so that the engagement between the latch engagement portion 55a and the latch engagement portion 66a is released after the second contactor starts contact. The relative relationship of the first end portion 67a of 67 is set. Therefore, after the time t3 when the second contactor is turned on, both the first contactor and the second contactor temporarily overlap with each other, and the first contactor is opened at the time t5. In the first embodiment, the setting is made such that the engagement between the latch engagement portion 55a and the latch engagement portion 66a is released after the second contactor has started contact, but such a setting is not necessarily required. Of course, the engagement may be canceled at a timing earlier than that of the first embodiment as long as the first contact is opened after the second contact has started contact. The excitation of the second power-on solenoid 83 is canceled by opening the contact of an auxiliary switch (not shown) connected in series with the coil of this solenoid.

FIG. 15 shows a movable contact support member 13 'for holding the movable contact 9'and the movable contact 8'and an arm 48.
It is a figure for demonstrating the effect | action by which two sets of toggle link mechanisms are connected in cascade between. Curves X, Y, and Z in the figure respectively indicate the arm 48, the crossbar 17 ', and the movable member in the mechanical entire process of the closing operation from the release of the closing spring 51 to the completion of the closing of the second contact. With respect to the rotation state of the contactor support member 13 ', the vertical axis indicates the rotation angle of each component, and the rotation angle of the entire stroke is 100 for each component.
It is expressed as a percentage, and the abscissa represents time elapsed.

In this figure, A is the start point of the closing operation, B is the end point of the closing operation, C is the point when the contact of the second contactor starts contact, and D is through the second kicker 52 driven by the arm 48. When the engagement of the first opening latch starts to decrease, E is the time when the engagement of the first opening latch is released and the contact of the first contactor starts moving in the opening direction, and F is the first contact. The time point when the contact point of the child is opened and H is the time point when the opening operation of the first contact element is completed. Further, a straight line M is for convenience of rotation of the first open latch release lever 67 which is a component of the first open latch, and a curve N is for convenience of rotation of the movable contact support member 13 'of the first contact. It is shown superimposed on the curves X, Y and Z.

As shown in this figure, in the closing operation, the arm 48 rotates from the starting point A as shown by the curve X and stops at the ending point B. The crossbar 17 'rotates in response to the rotation of the arm 48 as a curved line Y bulging from the curve X, and the movable contact support member 13' responds to the rotation of the crossbar 17 'and the curve X is used as a reference. Then, the curve Z which is more swollen than the standard Y
Rotate like. Curve Y and curve Z are respectively curve X
And the curves bulging from Y are that the toggle link mechanism of the operation mechanism section 2 is interposed between the arm 48 and the crossbar 17 ', and the crossbar 17' and the movable contact support member 13 'are provided. This is because the toggle link mechanism of the contact mechanism unit 1 is interposed between the two.

In this figure, at the end of the closing operation stroke before and after the contact start time C of the contact of the second contact, the curve Z
The rotation of the movable contactor support member 13 'is close to saturation, and the rotation angle thereof is very small with respect to the full stroke rotation angle of the closing operation. On the other hand, the arm 48 having the curved line X rotates at a uniform rate in a state of being almost linear in the entire stroke, and also rotates with a considerable gradient even at the end of the closing operation.
In the case of the present embodiment, the rotation angle from the contact point contact start point C to the closing completion point B is about 3% for the movable contact support member 13 'and about 25% for the arm 48 with respect to each full stroke rotation angle. It can also be%.

As a result, at the end of the closing operation, a long contact time of the contacts can be secured even though the rotation angle of the movable contact support member 13 'is small, and during this contact time the first contact time can be secured.
If the release latch is released (time E) and the contact of the first contactor is opened (time F), overlap switching can be performed. The arm 48 releasing the first opening latch is
At the time point D when the release of the release latch is started, the gradient of the rotational movement is large, so that the release can be stably started and the overlap switching can be easily realized.

The structure in which such toggle link mechanisms are connected in cascade is adopted also for the first contactor, and when switching from the second contactor to the first contactor, which will be described later, the overlap switching can be easily realized. It can be configured.

FIG. 6 shows the main part of the state after the switching to the second power source in this way. Solenoid 3
4 and 35 and the arm 45 are the same as in the state of FIG. 4, and the arm 48 is in contact with the fixed object and is biased counterclockwise by the remaining stored force of the closing spring 51 and is stationary.

In FIG. 6, on the first contact side, the first end 67a of the first opening latch releasing arm 67 abuts the end 52a of the second kicker 52, and the first opening latch releasing arm 67 is not shown. The first contactor is in the open circuit state because it is stationary due to the counterclockwise biasing force due to the acting force of the spring.

On the other hand, on the second contact side, the residual accumulated force of the closing spring 51 after the release, which tries to bias the crossbar 17 'clockwise by the second operation arm 61, causes the crossbar 17' to move. The second contact is closed because the crossbar 17 'is biased in the clockwise direction by overcoming the acting force of the breaking spring 26 of FIG. In this state, since the arm 78 is in contact with the pin 77, the end edge portion of the elongated hole 81a of the link 81 and the second edge of the second hole 81a.
A gap is created between the pin 80 and the pin 80 that is planted in the open latch release arm 72, and the second return spring 79 does not act on the second open latch release arm 72. For this reason,
The second opening latch releasing arm 72 is biased in the clockwise direction by the acting force of the first return spring 73, and the edge portion 72 of the notch is formed.
c contacts the stopper pin 70 and stands still together with the second latch shaft 71. At this time, the latch engagement portion 61c of the second operation arm 61 in the closed state and the latch engagement portion 71c of the second latch shaft 71 face each other with a slight gap.

The second operation is a switching operation in which both the second and first contactors overlap each other when switching from the second power source to the first power source. This operation is started from the state of FIG. 6, and the timing chart of FIG. 9 and FIG.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

(1) When the coils 34 and 35 are simultaneously excited at time t6, the movable cores 40 and 41 are excited at time t7.
Both start moving to the left and rotate the arm 45 clockwise through the closing shaft 46 (step S1), and at the same time, the closing shaft 46 presses the arm 48 in the recess 48a to store the closing spring 51. The arm 48 is also rotated clockwise while being urged (step S2). The movable core 4
When 1 moves to the left, the guide rod 43 moves the movable core 4
The movable core 4 is pressed by pressing the end portion of 0 in the same direction.
Since the movement of 0 to the left is promoted, the movable core 40 and the guide rod 43 may be directly connected. By using two sets of solenoids in this way, it is possible to further increase the throwing power and the closing speed.

(2) When the arm 48 rotates clockwise, the cooperating second kicker 52 also rotates clockwise (step S3), and one end 67a of the first open latch release arm 67 at the end 52a thereof. The pressure on is released.
Therefore, the first opening latch release arm 67 rotates counterclockwise together with the first latch shaft 66 by the action force of the spring (not shown), and the edge portion 67c of the notch abuts the stopper pin 70, and Latch engagement portion 55 of operation arm 55
It is stopped at a position where a and the latch locking portion 66a of the first latch shaft can be engaged (step S4).

(3) The rotation of the arm 48 also moves the link 63 to the right, whereby the second operating arm 61 is moved.
The acting force of the closing spring 51 acting on the
The second operating arm 61 pivots slightly in the counterclockwise direction together with the crossbar 17 'by the acting force of the shutoff spring 26 (step S5). Latch engagement portion 61 of second operation arm 61
c is engaged with the locking portion 71c of the second latch shaft, which is biased clockwise by the first return spring 73 (step S
6), the second operation arm 61 does not move in the counterclockwise opening direction and temporarily stops while maintaining the contact of the second contactor.

(4) When the rotation of the arm 48 progresses further, the charging of the closing spring 51 is completed (step S
7).

(5) Next, the operation when the arm 45 rotates clockwise will be described. The link 57 moves rightward and the first operation arm 55 rotates counterclockwise (step S8). ), Through the crossbar 17 at time t8
The contacts of the contactor come into contact (step S9). When the contacts come into contact, the contacts of an auxiliary switch (not shown) connected in series to the coils 34 and 35 are opened to cancel their excitation (step S10), and the movable cores 40 and 41 are returned to the right end of their moving range. The pressure applied to the first operation arm 55 by the operation shaft 56 disappears, and the first operation arm 55 is slightly rotated clockwise by the acting force of the breaking spring 26 of FIG. 3 (step S11). The latch engagement portion 55a, which can be engaged by the above-described operation (2), becomes the latch engagement portion 6.
6a is engaged and stands still (step S12), and the arm 45
The turning shaft 46 rotates counterclockwise by the acting force of the torsion spring 47, and the closing shaft 46 comes into contact with the end of the elongated hole 40a and stands still.
In this way, the first contactor is maintained in the closed state (step S13).

(6) When the arm 45 rotates, the first kicker 76 also rotates clockwise (step S14),
The first end portion 72a of the open latch release arm 72 is brought into contact with and pressed against the first end portion 72a, and the second latch shaft 71 is rotated counterclockwise together with the second open latch release arm 72. This allows
The engagement between the latch engagement portion 61c and the latch engagement portion 71c, which were engaged in the operation (3) described above, is released at time t9 (step S15), and the second action is performed by the action force of the breaking spring 26 in FIG.
The crossbar 17 'rotates counterclockwise together with the operation arm 61, and the contacts open at time t10 to reach the open state of the second contactor (step S16). This first kicker 76
And the second release latch release arm 72 constitute a first cross release mechanism for releasing the second release latch of the second operating mechanism by the closing operation of the first operating mechanism.

Time t1 after contact of the contact of the first contactor
The relative relationship between the first kicker 76 and the first end 72a of the second open latch release arm 72 is set so that the contact of the second contactor is opened to zero. This operation timing is determined by the first kicker 76 when the arm 45 rotates.
Contacts and presses the first end 72a to rotate the second open latch release arm 72 and the second latch shaft 71, and the latch engagement portion 61c of the second operation arm 61 and the latch of the second latch shaft 71. It is determined by the setting of the position when the engagement with the locking portion 71c is released.

(7) The second operation is performed in parallel with the above operation (6).
The operation arm 61 rotates in the counterclockwise direction together with the pin 77, and the action of the second return spring 79 and the link 81 causes the second release latch release arm 72 to resist the action of the first return spring 73 together with the second latch shaft 71. By rotating counterclockwise, the notched edge 72c abuts the stopper pin 70 and stops, and the latch engagement portion 61c and the latch engagement portion 71b become engageable. By the operation (5) described above, the movable cores 40 and 41 are returned to the right end of their movement range, the acting force on the arm 48 disappears, and the arm 48 rotates slightly counterclockwise by the stored force of the closing spring 51. When the second operation arm 61 is slightly rotated clockwise (step S17), the latch engagement portion 61b is moved.
And the latch locking portion 71b of the second latch shaft 71 are engaged and stopped (step S18), and the second contactor is maintained in the open state (step S19).

As described above, in this switching,
After the first contactor is turned on, the second contactor is opened immediately after both the first contactor and the second contactor are temporarily in overlapping contact with each other. The result of this switching returns to the state of FIG. The first and second switching operations described above each employ a mechanism for mechanically interlocking to open the contact in the closed state simply by operating the closing means of the operating mechanism in the open state. The contact of the contact in the closed state can be reliably opened / closed in an extremely short time after the contact of the contact of the contact in the open state has been contacted. In addition, a contact that is in the closed state uses a mechanism that restrains the opening force of the breaking spring with a latch and releases the latch to open the contact at once. Yes, the overlap contact time is extremely short.

The third operation differs from the first operation in switching from the first power supply to the second power supply, and starting from the state of FIG. 4, the first contactor is first opened and both contactors are separated. This is a momentary disconnection switching operation in which the second contactor comes into contact after a short period of time when both are separated.

The above-mentioned first operation is an operation in which the first contactor is opened in association with the closing operation of the second contactor. However, in the third operation, the opening operation of the first contact and the second operation
Although the operation command is issued at the same time, the contacting operation of the contacts proceeds in parallel by different mechanisms.

That is, in the third operation, as shown in the timing chart of FIG. 10, an opening command for the first contactor is generated at the same time as a command for closing the second contactor. That is, the second power-on solenoid 83 and the first power-off solenoid 68 are simultaneously excited (time t12). First
In the contactor, the action rod 69 presses the second end portion 67b of the first opening latch releasing arm 67 by the excitation of the first power source opening solenoid 68, and the first opening latch releasing arm 67 rotates clockwise. At time t13, the engagement between the latch engagement portion 66a and the latch engagement portion 55a of the first operation arm 55 is released, the first operation arm 55 rotates clockwise, and the time t1.
Open to 4. The second contact is turned on by the excitation of the second power-on solenoid 83, similarly to the first operation.

In the opening operation of the first contactor in the third operation, an opening command is generally issued by a solenoid operating at a high speed, and the first opening latch release arm 67 is directly rotated. This is performed at an extremely early timing as compared with the opening operation of the first contactor. Also,
The closing operation of the second contact element is performed at an extremely early timing because the closing command is also issued by the solenoid and the closing mechanism is a spring closing mechanism that generally operates at high speed as described above.

As described above, the opening operation of the first contactor and the closing operation of the second contactor proceed in parallel, but the contact opening of the first contactor precedes the contacting of the contact of the second contactor. Done. This is mainly because the first contactor corresponds to a slight pushing amount of the movable contact 8 in the closed state.
Whereas the contact opens only with a slight rotation of 7,
It is because the second contactor does not come into contact unless there is a relatively large rotation of the crossbar 17 'corresponding to the relatively large gap between the movable contact 8'and the fixed contact 7'in the opened state. In order to obtain this desired timing, the engagement amount and disengagement speed of the first release latch and the closing latch, the first release latch release arm 57.
The operating mechanism section and the contact mechanism in consideration of the acting force of the first return spring 73 and the second return spring 79, the operating speeds of the first power supply opening solenoid 68 and the second power supply solenoid 83, etc. The component parts of the department are optimally selected.

The engagement amounts of the first opening latch and the closing latch can be determined by the positions of the notched end edges 67c and 72b of the first opening latch releasing arm 67 and the second opening latch releasing arm 72, respectively. The disengagement speeds thereof can also be determined by the acting forces of a spring (not shown) provided on the first opening latch release arm 67, the first return spring 73, and the second return spring 79. Further, the operating speeds of the first power supply opening solenoid 68 and the second power supply supplying solenoid 83 can be determined by the exciting force of those coils. In the switching operation of the third operation described above, the contact of the first contactor can be opened and the contact of the contact of the second contactor can be started at an extremely high speed. Can be extremely short.

A power supply switching system using the power supply switching switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the circuit diagram of FIG. The commercial power supply U is connected to the first power supply terminal 4 of the power supply changeover switch 100, the private power generation power supply G is connected to the second power supply terminal 5, and the load L is connected to the load terminal 6. The internal operation circuit of the power source changeover switch 100 is indicated by 100a.

Although only the output contact is shown and the main body is not shown, this system includes a voltage relay and a commercial power supply U for closing the a-contact 101Ua when the voltage of the commercial power supply U exceeds a specified value. Is less than or equal to the specified value (however, this specified value is determined independently of the specified value of the above voltage relay), the undervoltage relay that closes the a contact 102Ua and the voltage on the private power generation G side are A voltage relay that closes the a-contact 101Ga when the value exceeds a specified value, and a synchronization detection device that closes the a-contact 103a when the commercial power supply U and the privately-generated power supply G are in synchronization.

The operation circuit of the power source changeover switch 100 on the commercial power source U side is a contact 101 of the voltage relay on the commercial power source U side.
Ua, a contact 101G of the voltage relay on the G side of the private power generation source
a, a contact 103a of the synchronization detecting device, and a starting switch 104U are connected in series to each other,
The rectified operating current is supplied to the solenoids 32 and 33 connected in parallel in the first charging device of the internal operating circuit 100a.

Private power generation source G of the power source changeover switch 100
The operating circuit on the side is a contact 101Ga of the voltage relay on the side of the private power generation G, and a contact 10 of the voltage relay on the side of the commercial power U.
1Ua, a contact 103a of the synchronization detection device, and a switch 104G for starting are connected in series to the second power-on solenoid 83 of the internal operation circuit 100a, and from the a contact 101Ga of the voltage relay on the private power supply G side. It has a circuit in which the a-contact 102Ua of the undervoltage relay on the commercial power source U side is branched and connected to the first power source opening solenoid 68 of the internal operation circuit 100a. Further, the second power-on solenoid 83 is connected to a bypass circuit including a diode 105 so that the second power-on solenoid 83 can also be operated unilaterally by the a contact 102Ua of the undervoltage relay.

Although not shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the operating currents of both the commercial power source U side and the private power source G side are automatically cut off after the closing operation and the opening operation. Auxiliary switch 90 that opens when the commercial power supply U side contactor and the private power generation power supply G side contactor are closed.
b and 87b are connected. In addition, this Embodiment 1
In each power switching system using the power switching switch of Embodiment 2 described later, a high-speed operation type relay is used as the undervoltage relay in order to disconnect the failed power source as soon as possible when a failure such as a power failure occurs. A semiconductor such as a thyristor can be used in place of the output a contact.

The operation of the power supply switching system configured as above will be described. In the state where both the commercial power source U and the private power source G generate a predetermined voltage and are in the synchronous operation,
The a-contact 101Ua of the voltage relay on the commercial power source U side, the a-contact 101Ga of the voltage relay on the private power generation source G side, and the a-contact 103a of the synchronization detecting device are closed. When the power source U and G side contactors are both open, when the starting switch 104U on the commercial power source U side is closed, the solenoids 32 and 33 are excited and the first contactor on the commercial power source U side is closed as described above. When turned on, the power source changeover switch 100 enters the state shown in FIG. 4, power is supplied from the commercial power source U to the load L, and the closing spring 51 of the spring closing means is charged.

Next, when switching the power source from this state to the private power generation source G, the start switch 104G on the private power generation source G side is closed. As a result, the power source changeover switch 1
In 00, the second power-on solenoid 83 operates according to the first operation sequence described above, first the release spring 51 is released, the second contactor on the side of the private power generation G is closed, and immediately after that, the commercial power supply U is released. Overlap switching is performed in which the first contact on the side is opened. Therefore, the load L never fails.

When the power source is returned to the commercial power source U from this switching state, the start switch 104U on the commercial power source U side is closed. As a result, in the power source change-over switch 100, the solenoids 32 and 33 operate in accordance with the second operation sequence described above, first the first contactor on the commercial power source U side is turned on, and immediately thereafter, the second contactor on the private power source G side. Overlap switching is performed in which the contacts are opened. Therefore, the load L never fails.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 10, when a large voltage drop or power failure occurs in the commercial power source U at time t11, the undervoltage relay operates at high speed and the a
The contact 102Ua is closed at the time t12, and the power source changeover switch 100 is simultaneously excited by the second power source opening solenoid 83 via the first power source opening solenoid 68 and the diode 105 according to the above-mentioned third operation sequence, and the commercial power source U side. After the first contactor is immediately opened (time t14), the second contactor on the side of the private power generation G is turned on at high speed (time t1).
5). Since the power failure due to the switching of the commercial power source U to the private power source G is instantaneous, most electric devices can continue to perform their functions without being affected. Further, at this time, since the first contactor and the second contactor do not contact each other at the same time, the private power generation source G is not overloaded, and the power source changeover switch does not interrupt a large current. A power supply switching system can be constructed.

Embodiment 2. Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The power source change-over switch 200 according to the second embodiment includes a contact mechanism unit and an operation mechanism unit as in the case of the first embodiment, and includes a contact mechanism unit and a contact mechanism unit and an operation mechanism unit. Since the connection is the same as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The main difference between the power source changeover switches of the second embodiment and the first embodiment is the closing means and the power source opening solenoid. That is, in the closing means of the first embodiment, one is a solenoid closing mechanism and the other is a spring closing mechanism, whereas in the second embodiment, both are solenoid closing mechanisms. Further, in the first embodiment, the power supply opening solenoid is provided for only one operation mechanism, whereas in the second embodiment, it is provided for both operation mechanisms.

The second embodiment will be described below. However, the same or similar components as in the first embodiment will be assigned the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be partially omitted unless the description is confusing. In FIG. 16, the operation mechanism unit 20 of this embodiment
The first closing means of the first first operating mechanism includes a solenoid 202 constructed between a pair of mechanism frames 31, and includes a coil 203, a yoke 204 made of a magnetic material, a fixed core 205 made of a magnetic material, and a magnetic material. It has a movable core 206, a guide rod 207 that is planted at one end of the movable core 206 and protrudes from a hole formed in the yoke 204, and a return spring 212 that returns the movable core 206 to an inoperative position.

First operation arm 55 for operating the first contactor
Is rotatably supported on the shaft 54 as in the first embodiment,
Via an operation shaft 56 and a pair of operation links 57, a link shaft 58 bridged to one end of a pair of arms 208 integrally connected to each other at an essential part. The arm 208 is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft 44 and has a guide rod 207 at the other end.
A guide rod receiver 209 is mounted so as to face the tip of the. A kicker 210 bent in a U-shape is also pivotally supported on the rotating shaft 44, and the kicker 210 has a notch formed in a part of the kicker 210 and a pin 53 that is inserted through a hole formed in the arm 208 to allow the arm 208 to move. Is linked to work with.

Since the second operation mechanism is constructed almost symmetrically with the first operation mechanism, the component number is displayed by adding "" to the same number as the component number of the first operation mechanism. However, the detailed description thereof is omitted. However, while the first latch shaft 66 of the first operating mechanism is biased counterclockwise by a spring (not shown), the second latch of the second operating mechanism is
The latch shaft 66 'is biased clockwise.

The stopper pin 70 limits the rotation range of the first and second open latch release arms 67 and 67 'of the first and second operating mechanisms, respectively. Kicker 210 '
Ends 210a 'and 210a of first and second open latch release arms 67 and 67', respectively.
It faces the ends 67a and 67a '. First and second
Second end 67b of open latch release arms 67 and 67 '
And 67b 'face the operating rods 69 and 69' of the first and second power release solenoids 68 and 68 ', respectively. The arms 208 and 208 ′ engage with both arms of a torsion spring 211 wound around the rotary shaft 44 and are biased counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively.

Next, two operations of the power source changeover switch of the second embodiment will be described. The first operation is a switching operation in which both the first and second contacts are in contact with each other when they switch from the first power supply to the second power supply.
FIG. 16 shows a state of the operation mechanism unit 201 in which the first contactor is in the closed state and the second contactor is in the open state. The movable cores 206 and 206 ′ have return springs 212 and 21.
The arm 20 is held in the inoperative position by the action of 2 '.
8 and 208 ′ are biased counterclockwise and clockwise by the action of the torsion spring 211, respectively,
09 and 209 'and guide rods 207 and 207'.

The first opening latch release arm 67 on the side of the first operating mechanism has the stopper pin 70 at the notch edge 67c.
As in the first embodiment, the first operation arm 55 is stationary due to the latch engagement portion 55a of the first operation arm 55 and the latch engagement portion 66a of the first latch shaft 66 engaging with each other. Is kept closed. The second operation arm 55 ′ of the second operation mechanism is biased counterclockwise by the acting force of the breaking spring 26 of FIG. 3, contacts the fixing member (not shown), and stops to keep the second contactor in the open state. The second opening latch releasing arm 67 'abuts against the stopper pin 70 at the end edge portion 67c' of the notch and stands still, and the latch engaging portion 55a 'of the second operating arm 55' and the second latch shaft 66 '. The latch engagement portion 66a 'of FIG.

From this state, when the coil 203 'of the solenoid 202' of the second charging means is excited, the movable core 2
06 'is sucked and moved in the direction of the fixed core 205' together with the guide rod 207 ', and the guide rod 207' rotates the arm 208 'counterclockwise via the guide rod receiver 209'. The rotation of this arm 208 'causes link 5
The second operation arm 55 'is rotated clockwise at a high speed through 7', and the contacts of the second contactor connected to the crossbar 17 'come into contact with each other. When the contacts make contact, the coil 20
The contact of an auxiliary switch (not shown) connected in series to 3'is opened, the excitation is released, the movable core 206 'moves to the original position, and the second operating arm 55'by the operating shaft 56'.
The pressure on the second operation arm 55 ′ is released by the shutoff spring 2
After rotating counterclockwise by the acting force of 6, the latch engaging portion 55a 'engages with the latch engaging portion 66a' and becomes stationary, and the arm 208 'also rotates clockwise by the action of the torsion spring 211. It moves and stops at the original position.

The kicker 210 ', which cooperates with the arm 208', rotates counterclockwise in the course of this closing operation, and the end portion 210 of the second contactor 210 is considerably advanced in the closing operation.
a'is the first end 67a of the first open latch release arm 67
And presses the latch engaging portion 66a of the first latch shaft 66 and the latch engaging portion 55a of the first operating arm 55.
Is disengaged, and the first operating arm 55 is rotated clockwise by the acting force of the breaking spring 26 in FIG. 3 to open the contact of the first contactor. In this way, the second contact is turned on, both contacts are overlapped with each other for an extremely short time and the first contact is opened as in the first embodiment. The figure is reversed.

As in the first embodiment, the end 210a 'of the kicker 210' is so disengaged that the latch engagement portion 55a and the latch engagement portion 66a are disengaged after the second contact has started contact. And the first end portion 67a of the first opening latch release arm 67 is set to a relative relationship, but if the setting is such that the first contactor opens after the second contactor starts contacting, the present embodiment The engagement may be released at a timing earlier than the form.

The switching operation in which both the second and first contacts are in overlapping contact with each other when switching from the second power source to the first power source is a completely symmetrical operation to the above switching operation by exciting the coil 203. The description will be omitted because it is performed by.

In this operating mechanism, the kicker 21
0 and 210 ', and the latch engagement portion 66a and the latch engagement portion 55a that form the first and second release latches, and the latch engagement portion 66a' and the latch engagement portion 55a 'constitute overlap switching means. 1 kicker 210 and 2nd opening latch release arm 67 'and 2nd kicker 210' and 1st
The open latch release arms 67 form first and second cross release mechanisms, respectively.

The second operation corresponds to the third operation of the first embodiment, and is different from the first operation when switching from the first power supply to the second power supply. This is a momentary disconnection switching operation in which the contact of the second contactor is brought into contact after the first contactor is opened and both contactors are opened for a short time. In this second operation, the first power supply opening solenoid 68 and the coil 203 'of the second closing means are excited at the same time. By the excitation of the first power supply release solenoid 68, the engagement between the latch engagement portion 66a and the latch engagement portion 55a of the first operation arm 55 is released, as in the first embodiment.
The first operation arm 55 rotates clockwise and the contacts of the first contactor are opened.

In addition, the second contact is turned on by the coil 203 '.
Is performed in the same manner as the first operation. This second
In the opening operation of the first contactor by the operation of, the opening command is generally issued by the solenoid operating at high speed, and the first opening latch release arm 67 is directly rotated.
The first in the first motion prior to the operation of the cross release mechanism
It is performed at an earlier timing than the opening operation of the contact. The closing operation of the second contactor by the second operation is slightly later than the closing operation timing of the first embodiment employing the spring closing mechanism, but since a solenoid having a relatively large throwing force is selected as the closing mechanism. Extremely fast. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, although the power failure time at the time of switching is slightly longer than that of the first embodiment, the instantaneous interruption switching can be performed, and the instantaneous interruption switching can be realized with a simpler structure than that of the first embodiment. .

The momentary disconnection switching operation from the second power supply to the first power supply is performed by first opening the contacts of the second contactor, and after a short period of time when both contacts are open, the first contactor is opened. Second power supply release solenoid 6
8'and the coil 203 of the first charging means are excited at the same time, but the operation is completely symmetrical to the above-mentioned switching operation, and the description thereof is omitted.

In the second operation, for example, the timing of opening the contact of the first contactor in the closed state after exciting the first power supply opening solenoid 68 is determined by the cutout edge portion of the first opening latch release arm 67. The position of 67c, the strength of a spring (not shown) provided on the first opening latch release arm 67, the exciting force of the first power supply opening solenoid, and the like.

A power supply changeover system using the power supply changeover switch according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the circuit diagram of FIG. The first power source U, the second power source G, and the load L are connected to the first power source terminal 4, the second power source terminal 5, and the load terminal 6 of the power source changeover switch 200, respectively. The internal operation circuit of the power source changeover switch is indicated by 200a.

Although only the output contact is shown and the main body is not shown, this system includes a voltage relay for closing the a-contact 221Ua when the voltage of the first power supply U exceeds a specified value, and the first power supply. When the voltage of U becomes less than or equal to the specified value (however, this specified value is determined independently of the specified value of the above voltage relay), the undervoltage relay that closes the a contact 222Ua and the voltage of the second power supply G are specified. The voltage of the voltage relay that closes the a-contact 221Ga when it exceeds the value, and the voltage of the second power supply G becomes the specified value or less (however, this specified value is determined independently of the specified value of the voltage relay). An undervoltage relay that closes the a-contact 222Ga at this time and a synchronization detection device that closes the a-contact 223a when the first power supply and the second power supply are in a synchronized state are respectively connected.

The operation circuit for turning on the first power source U of the power source changeover switch 200 is the a contact 221 of the voltage relay of the second power source G.
Ga, an a contact 223a of the synchronization detection device, and a series circuit of a separately provided starting switch 224U and an a contact 222Ga of the undervoltage relay of the second power source G are connected in parallel,
The a-contact 221 of the voltage relay of the first power source U is connected in series with these.
Ua is connected, and the rectified operating current is supplied to the solenoid 202 of the first closing device of the internal operating circuit 200a. The open operation circuit of the first power supply U is configured such that the a contact 221Ga of the voltage relay of the second power supply G and the a contact 222Ua of the undervoltage relay of the first power supply U are connected in series, and the first power supply of the internal operation circuit 200a is connected. An operating current is supplied to the open solenoid 68.

The operation circuit for turning on the second power source G of the power source changeover switch 200 is the a contact 221 of the voltage relay of the first power source U.
Ua, an a contact 223a of the synchronization detection device, and a series circuit of a separately provided starting switch 224G and an a contact 222Ua of the undervoltage relay of the first power source U are connected in parallel,
In series with these, the a contact 221 of the voltage relay of the second power source G
Ga is connected, and the rectified operating current is supplied to the solenoid 202 ′ of the second closing device of the internal operating circuit 200a. In the opening operation circuit of the second power source G, the a contact 221Ua of the voltage relay of the first power source U and the a contact 222Ga of the undervoltage relay of the second power source G are connected in series,
Second power supply opening solenoid 68 'of the internal operation circuit 200a
An operating current is supplied to.

Although neither the operation circuit on the first power supply side nor the operation circuit on the second power supply side is shown in FIG. 16 so as to automatically cut off the operation current after the closing operation and the opening operation, the first power supply side contact Auxiliary switches 224Ub and 224Gb which are opened when the child and the second power source side contactor are closed are connected.

The operation of the power supply switching system configured as described above will be described. In a state where both power sources generate a predetermined voltage and are in synchronous operation, the a contacts 221Ua, 221Ga and 22 of the voltage relay and the synchronization detection device, respectively.
3a is closed.

When the first power source side starting switch 224U is closed while the contacts on both power source sides are open, the solenoid 20
2 is excited, the first contact on the side of the first power source is turned on as described above, the power source changeover switch 200 enters the state of FIG. 16, and power is supplied from the first power source U to the load L. Next, when switching the power supply from this state to the second power supply G,
The start switch 224G on the power supply side is closed. As a result, in the power source changeover switch 200, the solenoid 202 ′ of the second closing means operates according to the first operation sequence described above,
First, the second contact comes into contact, and immediately after that, the first contact on the first power supply side
Overlap switching is performed in which the contacts are opened. Therefore, the load L never fails.

When the power source is returned to the first power source U from this switching state, when the start switch 224U on the first power source side is closed, the solenoid 202 operates and the first contact is first turned on, and immediately after that. 2 Performs overlap switching to open the contact. In this case as well, the load L does not fail.

When a large voltage drop or power failure occurs in the first power source U while the load L is being supplied from the first power source U, the undervoltage relay operates at high speed and its a contact 22
2Ua is closed, and the power source changeover switch 200 is excited by the first power source opening solenoid 68 and the solenoid 202 'of the second closing means at the same time according to the second operation sequence described above, and first the first contactor is immediately opened, Immediately after that, the instantaneous disconnection switching in which the second contactor on the second power source side is turned on is performed. Meanwhile, the second
When a large voltage drop or a power failure occurs in the second power source G while the power source G is supplying power to the load L, the undervoltage relay operates at high speed and its a-contact 222Ga is closed, and the power source changeover switch 200 is The second power supply opening solenoid 68 'and the solenoid 202 of the first closing means are excited at the same time, first the second contactor is immediately opened, and immediately after that the first contactor is opened.
Instantaneous disconnection switching is performed in which the first contactor on the power supply side is turned on.

In the second embodiment, the power supply opening solenoid is provided in both operating mechanisms, but it is provided in only one side in the first embodiment.
Similarly, it can be used for a system as shown in FIG. 13 in which the difference in capacity between both power supplies is relatively large.

In any of the above-described systems using the switches of any of the above-described embodiments, in the operation of instantaneous interruption switching, the operation of the undervoltage relay issues the opening command of the power supply during power feeding and the command of turning on the power supply in standby mode at the same time. However,
They may be issued individually if the purpose is to control the power failure time for a common load.

Further, in the power source change-over switches of any of the embodiments, when an opening command is applied to the power supply side power supply release solenoid without applying a closing command to the standby side power supply supply means, the contacts on both power supply side are opened. In the separated state, the load circuit can be easily separated from both power sources, and the load circuits can be easily inspected while both power sources are in a live state.

As described above, in the power source changeover switch according to the first aspect, the changeover in the normal state is the first changeover.
Also, of the second contacts, the overlap switching can be performed only by operating the closing means of the contact on the side desired to be closed, so that the load can be switched without power failure. Further, when there is an abnormality in at least one of the power supplies, instantaneous disconnection switching can be performed by simultaneously adding an opening command for the contact on the power supply side and a closing command for the contact on the other power supply side.
Therefore, in a system where this switch is used, by incorporating a means for detecting an abnormality in the power supply during power feeding at high speed and immediately issuing an opening command and a closing command,
It is possible to avoid temporary simultaneous contact of both contacts, prevent a temporary overload of the power supply during standby for power supply, and minimize power failure of the load. Therefore, it is possible to achieve a complicated function of performing switching in a normal state and switching in an abnormal state in different modes with one switch, and construct a system that maintains the best state for the power supply and the load in any switching. be able to.

In the power source changeover switch according to the second aspect of the present invention, since two sets of toggle link mechanisms are connected in cascade between the contacting means and the contactors for both contactors, overlap switching can be easily performed. It can be achieved and functional quality can be easily secured.

In the power source changeover switch according to the third aspect, since the spring closing mechanism for performing the high speed closing operation is adopted, the power outage time at the time of switching when the power supply during power feeding fails is minimized. You can Further, since the solenoid closing means stores the closing spring for closing the second contact at the same time as closing the first contactor, the solenoid closing means does not need a special device for storing the closing spring and has a simple structure. Can be a switch.

In the power source changeover switch according to the fourth aspect, the power failure time is longer than that of the power source changeover switch according to the third aspect, but since both the first and second closing means are solenoid closing means, the structure is changed. Easy to do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a three-pole double-throw type power source changeover switch for a three-phase circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the power source changeover switch of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1, showing a contactor mechanism portion of the power source changeover switch of FIG. 1 when the first contactor is in the closed state and the second contactor is in the open state.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1 showing an operation mechanism portion of the power source changeover switch of FIG. 1 when the first contactor is in the closed state and the second contactor is in the opened state.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 1 showing a main part of an operation mechanism portion of the power source changeover switch of FIG. 1 when the first contactor is in the closed state and the second contactor is in the opened state.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1 showing a main part of an operation mechanism section of the power source changeover switch of FIG. 1 when the first contactor is in the open state and the second contactor is in the closed state.

FIG. 7 is a systematic representation mainly of the configuration of an operating mechanism section of the power source changeover switch of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing a first operation of the power supply changeover switch of FIG. 1.

9 is a timing chart showing a second operation of the power source changeover switch of FIG.

10 is a timing chart showing a third operation of the power supply changeover switch of FIG.

11 is a flowchart showing an operation state of the operation mechanism section in the second operation of the power source changeover switch of FIG.

12 is a circuit diagram showing a power supply switching system using the power supply switching switch of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of an electric circuit in which the power supply changeover switch of the present invention can be used.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another example of an electric circuit in which the power supply changeover switch of the present invention can be used.

FIG. 15 is a view for explaining the operation of two cascade-linked toggle link mechanisms of the power source changeover switch of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a side cross-sectional view showing the operating mechanism section when the first contactor of the power source changeover switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention is in the closed state and the second contactor is in the open state.

FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram showing a power supply switching system using a power supply switching switch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 contactor mechanism part, 2,201 operation mechanism part, 4 first
Power supply terminal, second power supply terminal, 6 load terminal, 7, 7 '
Fixed contact, 8, 8'movable contact, 9, 9'movable contactor, 13, 13'movable contactor support member, 14, 1
4 ', 15,15', 57,63,81 links, 1
6, 16 'Arm, 17, 17' Crossbar, 26 Breaking spring, 31 Mechanism frame, 32, 33, 202, 2
02 'Solenoid, 34, 35, 203, 203'
Coil, 36, 37, 204, 204 'yoke, 38,
39,205,205 'Fixed core, 40,41,2
06,206 'Movable core, 42, 43, 207, 2
07 'guide rod, 44 rotation shaft, 45, 48, 78,
208, 208 'arm, 46 input shaft, 47, 21
1 torsion spring, 51 closing spring, 52 second kicker, 53, 77, 80, 91 pin, 54, 60 axis,
55 first operation arm, 56, 56 ', 62 operation axis,
58, 58 ', 64 Link shaft, 61, 55' Second operation arm, 66 First latch shaft, 67 First open latch release arm, 68 First power release solenoid, 70 Stopper pin, 66 ', 71 Second latch Axis 72 second
Open latch release arm, 73 first return spring, 76 first kicker, 79 second return spring, 82 closing latch release arm, 83 second power-on solenoid, 85 second
Manual power-on button, 88, 89 operating plate, 100, 2
00 power switch, 100a, 200a internal operation circuit, 101Ua, 101Ga, 221Ua, 221
Ga voltage relay a contact, 102Ua, 222Ua,
222Ga a-contact of undervoltage relay, 103a, 22
3a a contact of the synchronous detection device, 105 diode, 2
09,209 'guide rod receiver, 210,210' kicker.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A double-throw type power source change-over switch for switching between a first power source and a second power source to feed a common load, the switch being provided corresponding to each of the first power source and the second power source and independent of each other. First and second contactors that open and close by means of the above, first and second inputting means that input the first and second contactors, respectively, and a breaking spring that biases the first and second contactors in the opening direction. And first and second operation arms that are respectively connected to the first and second contactors and are operated by the first and second closing means, respectively, and the first and second operation arms against the acting force of the blocking spring. In order to maintain the second contact in the closed state, the first and second
First and second opening latches for respectively restraining the operation arms, and the second opening latch is released during the process of operating the first closing means to close the first contactor in an open circuit state. A first cross-releasing mechanism for opening the second contact in the closed state after the first contact has started contact, and a step of operating the second closing means to insert the second contact in the open state. A second cross-releasing mechanism for releasing the first opening latch and releasing the first contact in a closed state after the second contact has started contacting; Latch release means provided corresponding to at least one of the second and first cross release mechanisms, and latch release means for releasing the corresponding first and second release latches under control separately. switch. 2. A toggle link mechanism is provided between the first contact and the first operation arm and between the first operation arm and the first charging means, and the second contact and The power source changeover switch according to claim 1, wherein a toggle link mechanism is provided between the second operation arm and between the second operation arm and the second closing means. 3. The first closing means for operating the first contactor is a solenoid closing mechanism, and the second closing means for operating the second contactor is a spring closing mechanism, and the solenoid closing mechanism. The closing spring is energized by the action of, and is held in the energized state by the closing holding latch, and at the time of closing, the closing latch releasing solenoid is operated to release the stored closing spring to close the latch and release the latch. 3. The power source changeover switch according to claim 1, wherein the means is a solenoid operating mechanism and is provided at least in the first opening latch. 4. The power source changeover switch according to claim 1, wherein both the first and second closing means are solenoid closing mechanisms, and the latch releasing means is a solenoid operating mechanism.