JPH08150155A - Dentition correcting kit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide possibility of correcting even the dentition of molars by using a hole form as a structure to insert an arch wire through the first bracket installed on a premolar and a molar, and using a groove form so that arch wire can be fixed from ahead on the second bracket which is mounted on foreteeth and even on dogteeth. CONSTITUTION: In dentitional correction, the second correcting tool 42 is bonded to foreteeth while the first correcting tool 41 is bonded to dogteeth, premolars, and molars, and an arch wire 2 is inserted through the two tools 41, 42 and fastened solidly by a lock pin 4. A wire inserting hole 7 and a lock pin inserting path 8 in arched shape are furnished in the bracket 3 of the fist tool 41, while a wire inserting groove 27 left open toward the lips and a lock pin inserting path 28 in arched shape are furnished in the bracket 23 of the second tool 42. The arch wire 2 is inserted through the hole 7 in the bracket 3 and is inserted into the other bracket 23 from the open part 27a of the wire inserting groove 27.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dental orthodontic appliance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Poor dentition, such as random pile teeth and double teeth, is not only bad in appearance, but plaque easily accumulates in places with bad dentition, resulting in caries and alveolar pyorrhea. In the recent field of dental treatment, orthodontic treatment for patients with poor dentition has come to be widely used because of the cause.

An orthodontic treatment method is carried out by fixing an orthodontic bracket to the surface of each tooth with an adhesive or the like, and passing one archwire through each orthodontic bracket of the upper or lower jaw. By applying an external force such as pressing, pulling back, or twisting to the tooth by the restoring force of the tooth, the tooth row is displaced and corrected in the correct position and direction.

During the treatment operation, the archwire is worn by the doctor facing the patient from the front side of the patient. Therefore, the anterior teeth, the canines and the premolars have orthodontic appliances (hereinafter referred to as "tooth") having grooves open to the front. A row correction tool a) is used so that a doctor can easily carry out the mounting operation. Further, an orthodontic appliance having a through hole (hereinafter referred to as an orthodontic appliance b) is used for the molars, and the end of the archwire can freely spread to damage the oral cavity (buccal inner surface). It is loosely inserted in the through hole so that it does not exist.

FIG. 12A is a perspective view showing the orthodontic appliance a (bracket 52 and attachment wire 56) and the arch wire 2, and FIGS. 12B and 12C are bb lines thereof. FIG. Bracket 52 has its adhesive surface 5
2a is adhered to the surface of the tooth (not shown) by an adhesive, and the arch wire 2 is fitted to the fixing base 52b provided on the bracket 52, and the attaching wire 56 is attached to the attaching wire groove 52.
The arch wire 2 is pressed and fixed to the bracket 52 by winding it around c and tightening it 56 c.

[0006] The orthodontic treatment procedure begins with roughly orthodontic treatment of irregularly piled dentition as the first treatment (hereinafter referred to as rough alignment step). The degree of fixation of the archwire to the orthodontic appliance at this stage is not firm, and there is some play. Without such play, an excessive pressing force is applied to the teeth, which not only causes discomfort to the patient but also may cause local correction, which may cause the teeth to move to the correct position. Problems also occur from a broad perspective.

Therefore, generally, the arch wire 2 in the rough alignment stage is used.
Has a round cross section, and the bracket 52 is fixed to the fixed base 52b in a loosely fixed state with play as described below. That is, as shown in FIG. 12 (b), when the round archwire 2 is used, it comes into point contact with the fixed base 52b of the square groove, and since the archwire 2 has a circular cross section, its contact point. Is not easily fixed because it is easily changed by twisting the arch wire 2. Further, at the rough alignment stage, the degree of fastening of the mounting wire 56 is also moderate. Therefore, the degree of fixing the arch wire to the orthodontic bracket is weak as a whole.

In this way, the teeth whose teeth are roughly arranged are
It is precisely corrected in the next treatment stage (hereinafter, referred to as a correct position correction stage). At this stage, the arch wire 2 having a square cross section is used, and the mounting wire 56 is tightly wound to firmly press and fix the arch wire 2 to the bracket 52. As shown in (c) of FIG.
If the rectangular archwire 2 is used, it will be fitted tightly into the fixing base 52b of the rectangular groove in surface contact, and the rectangular archwire 2 will not roll, so the torque according to the designed torque angle θ. Can be continuously applied, and the anterior-posterior distortion of the tooth can be corrected to the correct angular arrangement.

[0009]

However, the orthodontic b has only the function of loosely inserting and holding the archwire in the through hole to prevent it from expanding, and all the axial movement and rotational movement of the archwire. It is free and does not contribute at all to the fixation of the archwire. Therefore, the molar tooth to which the orthodontic appliance b is attached was originally not an object for orthodontic treatment.

An orthodontic b temporarily attached to a molar
On the other hand, if the arch wire is to be strongly fixed, a mounting wire is required as with the orthodontic appliance a, and unevenness increases due to the winding fastening of the mounting wire, so that food scraps are likely to accumulate in the uneven portion, Moreover, since brushing with a toothbrush is difficult to achieve, there is a problem that plaque accumulates and the mouth becomes unsanitary. In particular, the molars are hidden in the cheeks and are difficult to see, so it is difficult to tell if brushing with a toothbrush is well done, and it is inappropriate to use an orthodontic appliance that has many irregularities and is prone to plaque. . In addition, due to the presence of the cheeks, the operating space is narrow, and it is extremely difficult to wind the attachment wire around the molar teeth.

Further, the orthodontic appliance a has a bracket 52.
Many irregularities are formed on the mounting wire 56.
Since the concavities and convexities are further increased by the winding fastening, there is a problem that food residues are easily accumulated in the concavo-convex portions, plaque is accumulated, and the mouth becomes unsanitary as in the above case.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. It is possible to correct the molars of the molars even though the shape is such that dental plaque is hard to attach, and not only the molars but also the front teeth, the canines,
An object of the present invention is to provide an orthodontic kit which improves the workability of fixing an arch wire to an orthodontic appliance adhered to a premolar.

[0013]

The orthodontic kit according to the present invention comprises a first bracket for a first orthodontic bracket attached to the tooth surface of a molar or each tooth surface of a molar and a canine. A second orthodontic bracket which is attached to each tooth surface of the anterior tooth and the canine tooth, or to the tooth surface of the anterior tooth, is composed of a second bracket and a lock pin, and each lock pin is arcuate. An archwire insertion hole is provided in the first bracket in a substantially horizontal direction, and a part of the archwire insertion hole is orthogonal to the archwire insertion hole and has an arcuate insertion path for a lock pin having the same or a slightly smaller radius of curvature than the lock pin. The second bracket is provided with an arch wire insertion groove that is open to the labial side in a substantially horizontal direction, and is orthogonal to a part of the arch wire insertion groove and has a radius of curvature that is the same as or slightly smaller than that of the lock pin. An arch-shaped insertion path for a lock pin is provided, and an arch wire is attached to the first bracket by passing it through the insertion hole, and an arch wire is attached to the second bracket from an opening portion of the insertion groove. That is the summary.

In addition, it is preferable that the first bracket also has a substantially horizontal archwire insertion groove that is open to the cheek side. Further, it is preferable that the archwire insertion groove of the second bracket has a bottom portion bent in a U shape toward the open side to form an archwire storage portion.

The second bracket comprises a bracket main body fixed to the tooth surface and a bracket lid covering the bracket main body so as to enclose the bracket main body. The bracket lid is made of an elastic material. The lid and the bracket body are both elliptical, and one of the long axis and the short axis of the bracket lid is longer than either the long axis or the short axis of the bracket body, and the length of the bracket lid is long. The other of the axis and the minor axis is preferably shorter than the other of the major axis and the minor axis of the bracket body.

Alternatively, the second bracket comprises a bracket main body fixed to the tooth surface and a bracket lid covering the bracket main body so as to enclose the bracket main body. The bracket lid is made of an elastic material, and the bracket is provided. One of the lid and the bracket body is circular and the other is elliptical, and the major axis of the elliptical bracket lid is longer than the diameter of the circular bracket body and the minor axis of the elliptical bracket lid. Is preferably shorter than the diameter of the circular bracket body, or the diameter of the circular bracket lid is longer than the major axis and shorter than the minor axis of the elliptical bracket body.

[0017]

The first bracket of the present invention, which is also attached to the premolars and molars, and in some cases to the canines, adopts a hole type (insertion hole) as a structure for inserting the arch wire. Unlike the groove type, the hole type has a smooth shape with very few surface irregularities. Moreover, the first aspect of the present invention
Since the orthodontic bracket of adopts an arcuate lock pin,
By selecting various lock pins having different thicknesses, the arch wire can be fixed to a desired strength from loose fixation to firm fixation.

On the other hand, the second bracket of the present invention, which is also attached to the front teeth and in some cases to the canines, has a groove type structure (archwire insertion groove) so that the archwire can be installed from the front side. . Although the shape of the second bracket of the present invention is slightly uneven as compared with the first bracket, the shape of the second bracket of the present invention is much less uneven than that of the conventional orthodontic bracket a. Moreover, since the second orthodontic appliance of the present invention adopts the arcuate lock pin as in the above, various lock pins having different thicknesses are selected as in the case of the first orthodontic appliance. As a result, the arch wire can be fixed to a desired strength from moderate fixing to strong fixing.

Next, the operation of the bow-shaped lock pin will be described. Hereinafter, the first and second brackets may be collectively referred to as a bracket. In the first and second orthodontic appliances, a bracket is provided with a substantially vertical insertion path for a lock pin, and the lock pin is inserted into the bracket to hold down and fix the archwire passed through the archwire insertion path. are doing.
For example, in the case of a rectangular arch wire, the tooth flanks of the arch wire are fixed with lock pins, and the remaining three surfaces, that is, the upper surface,
The lower surface and labial surface are fixed by the inner surface of the archwire insertion hole or insertion groove. The above-mentioned three surfaces are surrounded by the walls of the archwire insertion hole or the groove for accommodating the archwire in the insertion groove, and are not displaced. The remaining one surface has the lock pin even if the lock pin moves up and down to some extent. Since the pressing force of the inner surface of the arch does not change and the archwire does not shift, as a result, even if a force is applied to the archwire by chewing or the like, the archwire can always be firmly fixed from the four sides. . Therefore, it is possible to move the torque as designed.

In addition, since the lock pin is arcuate, when the polygonal (rectangular etc.) archwire is pressed, the tooth side of the archwire is pressed not at the surface but at the two corners of the archwire. , The arch wire can be pressed more firmly. The insertion passage for the lock pin has an arc shape that is the same as or slightly smaller than the radius of the curvature of the lock pin in accordance with the lock pin. If the radius of curvature is made slightly smaller, the tip of the lock pin will be inserted while being guided by the arcuate outer surface side of the lock pin insertion passage when the lock pin is inserted, so that the tip of the lock pin is caught in the corner of the archwire. Since the insertion failure does not float, the treatment by the dentist can be performed more smoothly.

[0021]

【Example】

<Embodiment 1> FIG. 1 is a view showing a use state of an orthodontic kit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 shows the upper jaw,
A second orthodontic bracket 42 is adhered to the front teeth (left and right Nos. 1 and 2), and the canines (left and right Nos. 3), premolars (left and right Nos. 4 and 5) and molars (right and left Nos. 6 and 7) are attached. The first orthodontic bracket 41 is adhered, one archwire 2 is passed through each of the first and second orthodontic brackets, and the archwire 2 is firmly fixed by a lock pin (not shown). It is fixed to.

FIG. 2A is a front view showing a first orthodontic appliance and an arch wire according to the first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along the line I-I. 2C is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the first bracket 3 is bonded to the teeth 5. At the time of treatment, as shown in FIG. 2C, the first bracket 3 is fixed to the front surface of the tooth 5 by the adhesive applied to the adhesive surface 9.

The first orthodontic bracket 41 comprises a first bracket 3 and a lock pin 4, and the arch wire 2 is inserted into an arch wire insertion hole 7 formed in the first bracket 3 in a substantially horizontal direction. The lock pin 4 is inserted into the lock pin insertion passage 8 provided in the substantially vertical direction of the first bracket 3 for use. The first bracket 3 has a substantially hemispherical shape and has a surface with very few irregularities. The lock pin 4 is rod-shaped and arcuate, and the lock pin insertion passage 8 is also arcuate with the same or a slightly smaller radius of curvature than the lock pin 4 (that is, a sharp curve). The lock pin insertion passage 8 is provided on the side closer to the tooth surface than the arch wire insertion hole 7, and when the lock pin 4 is inserted, the arch wire 2 can be positioned on the side farther from the tooth side. That is, the bow-shaped outer surface (tooth side) of the lock pin 4 is supported by the lock-pin insertion passage 8, and the arch wire 2 is pressed toward the labial side by the bow-shaped inner surface of the lock pin 4, and the arch wire 2 is held by the lip. The side surface is pressed against the groove wall surface of the arch wire insertion hole 7. In this way, the archwire 2 is firmly fixed to the first orthodontic bracket 41, and therefore the force applied to the archwire 2 is correctly transmitted to the first orthodontic bracket 41. It

FIG. 3A is a front view showing a second bracket according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a right side view thereof. 3C is a sectional view (corresponding to a section taken along line MM in FIG. 3A) showing a state in which the arch wire and the lock pin are inserted into the second bracket.

The second orthodontic bracket 42 is composed of the second bracket 23 and the lock pin 4, and the second bracket 23 is provided with an archwire insertion groove 27 in a substantially horizontal direction.
The archwire insertion groove 27 is bent in a U shape, and an open portion 27a opened to the cheek side and an emplacement portion 27b are formed at the bent portion toward the cheek side. The lock pin insertion passage 28 has the same or slightly smaller radius of curvature as the arched lock pin 4. The lock pin insertion passage 28 is similar to the first bracket in the arch wire insertion passage 27.
It is provided closer to the tooth surface.

The lock pin 4 is provided with a lock pin insertion passage 8,
It is also possible to make the lower end portion 4a, particularly the tip end thereof, a little thin, or to make it warp in a direction in which the radius of curvature is made slightly larger so that it can be easily inserted into 28. At the time of the treatment operation, the arch wire is inserted from the opening portion 27a and attached to the storage portion 27b.

The archwire 2 is fixed by the lock pin 4 by the lock pin 4 pressing the archwire 2 in the rest portion 27b toward the cheek side (arrow E direction). That is, as in the case of the first orthodontic bracket 41, the lock pin 4 supports its tooth surface side with the lock pin insertion passage 28, and presses the archwire 2 toward the cheek side by the lock pin 4. There is. The arch wire 2 is pressed against the cheek side surface of the cheek side surface of the storage portion 27b. In this way, the archwire 2 is firmly fixed to the second orthodontic bracket 42, and therefore, when a force such as a rotation direction is applied to the archwire 2, the second orthodontic appliance 42 is correspondingly moved.
The force is also applied to the orthodontic bracket 42.

FIG. 4 is a front view of teeth showing a state where the orthodontic appliance is used. The archwire 2 is attached to the first and second orthodontic appliances 41 and 42 attached to the tooth 5. It is passed and corrected. In addition, 6 is a gum.

In the treatment, the thickness and shape of the arch wire 2, depending on the desired degree of fixing strength in each treatment process,
Also, various thicknesses of the lock pin 4 are selected to realize loose fixing to firm fixing. For example, the thickness of the archwire 2 and the lock pin 4 is larger than the width (see B in FIG. 2B) at the intersection of the archwire insertion hole 7 or the archwire insertion groove 27 and the lock pin insertion passage 8. If it is thick enough, the arch wire 2 can be firmly fixed to the first bracket 3 or the second bracket 23, and if it is thin, it can be loosened and loosely fixed.

Conventionally, the ligation strength of the mounting wire is adjusted and the degree of fixation of the arch wire 2 is adjusted by the intuition of a doctor, which often depends on the skill of the doctor.
In the present invention, the fixing strength is automatically set by selecting the thickness of the arch wire 2 or the lock pin 4, so that a certain fixing strength can be realized regardless of the skill of the doctor.

To mount the arch wire 2, first insert the arch wire 2 through the arch wire insertion hole 7 of the first bracket, and then insert the arch wire insertion groove 27 of the second bracket.
Insert the archwire 2 from the front and attach it to the storage part 27b. Then, the lock pin 4 is inserted into each of the first and second brackets, and the arch wire 2 is fixed to the desired strength.

At the rough alignment stage of the treatment, the arch wire 2 having a round shape, a thin square shape, or the lock pin 4 having a thin shape is used. Archwire 2 for 3,23
Will be fixed loosely. Further, in some cases, the lock pin 4 may not be used. In order to prevent the lock pin 4 from coming off spontaneously, the lock pin lower end 4a may be bent and used.

If it is desired to move the torque in the correct position correcting step, a square arch wire 2 is used. The size of the archwire 2 has a thickness corresponding to the archwire insertion hole 7 and the archwire insertion groove 27. As shown in FIG. 2B and FIG. 3C, the archwire insertion hole 7 and the archwire It can be fitted tightly into the insertion groove 27. Then, the lock pin 4 is inserted into the lock pin insertion passage 8
Then, the arch wire 2 is fixed by pushing it from the tooth side to the labial side. At this time, appropriate thicknesses of the arch wire 2 and the lock pin 4 are adopted so that they can be firmly fitted. Then, the lower end portion 4a is bent so as not to come off.

As described above, the lower end portion 4a of the lock pin 4 is bent so as not to come out, but a slight gap (see a portion indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 2B) is generated at the bent portion. Is inevitable. Even when the lock pin 4 is vertically displaced by the amount of this gap, the lock pin 4 can continue to hold the archwire 2 as described below.
That is, the portion C that was pressed at the beginning of the lock pin 4 (see FIG.
(Refer to (b)), even if it shifts to the lower end side by the amount of the above-mentioned gap, it is only pressed newly by the portion D, and its thickness does not change, so the archwire before and after shifting The force to press 2 does not change. Therefore, the archwire 2 can be fixed without loosening, and the torque can be moved.

Regarding the sizes of the archwire 2, the archwire insertion hole 7 and the archwire insertion groove 27, it is necessary that the archwire 2 and the archwire insertion groove 27 are exactly the same in size. Since it is impossible to use the archwire 2 through it, the archwire 2 has to be made slightly thinner. From this, it is possible to attach to the insertion hole 7 and the insertion groove 2 of the first and second brackets 3 and 23 by the gap formed in the insertion hole 7 and the insertion groove 27 with the upper side surface, the labial side surface and the bottom side surface of the arch wire 2. Torque angle θ
And the torque angle applied to the archwire 2 may be slightly different. However, this difference in torque angle is not an unpredictable angle, but only a predictable calculation,
It is advisable to perform the torque movement in consideration of this angle.

Further, since the orthodontic appliance of the present invention is arcuate, it firmly secures the archwire as described in detail below. Next, the first orthodontic appliance will be described as a representative.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of the arch wire of FIG. 2 (b). Since the lock pin 4 and the lock pin insertion passage 8 of the present invention are arcuate, the archwire 2 is held at both corners of the tooth side surface 2a, that is, at two points α and β shown in FIG. Considering the case of a straight lock pin, the archwire 2 is to be pressed from the entire tooth side surface 2a, but pressing on the entire surface is equivalent to pressing with one point, and when pressing with two points as in the present invention. The archwire 2 can be pushed more firmly. Since the lock pin 4 is firmly fixed as described above and does not easily come out, it is possible to use the lower end portion 4a without bending it in some cases.

Next, the sectional shape of the lock pin 4 will be described. The width of the lock pin 4 (width W ₄ shown in FIG. 2) may be set to be slightly smaller than the width of the insertion passage 8 for lock pin (width W ₈ shown in FIG. 2) at all treatment stages. Recommended. By doing so, the left and right lateral sides of the lock pin 4 contact the side wall of the lock pin insertion passage 8,
There is no rattling in the lateral direction.

On the other hand, the depth of the lock pin 4 (width V ₄ shown in FIG. 2) depends on each stage of treatment as described above.
Used as thin width V ₄ when the desire gentle fixation, firmly want the archwire 2 and fixed using those width V ₄ is thick. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the lock pin 4 is a thin elliptical shape having a long lateral width W _{4 in the case} of loose fixation, and gradually becomes a more elliptical shape or a circular shape if stronger fixation is desired. Depth width V
_An elliptical lock pin 4 which is long in _four directions is used.

Furthermore, it is recommended that the cross-sectional shapes of the lock pin 4 and the lock pin insertion passage 8 are polygonal. In the case of a circular cross section, the lock pin 4 may rotate about the center of the circle.
Even if a rotational force is applied to the lock pin, it does not rotate by coming into contact with the inner wall of the lock pin insertion passage 8, so that it can be stably fixed without moving.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional shapes of the lock pin 4 and the lock pin insertion passage 8, and a portion corresponding to the vicinity of the lock pin 4 in the cross section taken along the line YY shown in FIG. Represents

The most recommended sectional shape of the lock pin 4 is a pentagon (see FIG. 11). In the case of a pentagon, the lock pin 4 is provided on the tooth side inner wall of the lock pin insertion passage 8.
Tooth side surface 4a of the tooth contact, and a diagonal corner portion γ of the tooth side surface 4a contacts the archwire 2. As described above, on the tooth side of the lock pin 4, the surface 4a contacting the tooth side and / or the surfaces on both sides thereof contact the inner wall of the rectangular lock pin insertion passage 8 to block the rotation of the lock pin 4. Act on. On the other hand, on the labial side (archwire side) of the lock pin 4, since the archwire 2 is pressed by the corner portion γ, the archwire 2 can be firmly fixed as compared with the case of pressing by the surface. In addition, the bending direction when bending the lock pin lower end portion 4a is determined to be four directions in the case of a quadrangular cross section,
Further, in the case of a rectangle, it is limited to the two directions on the long side, which is inconvenient during the treatment, but in the case of a pentagon, the bending direction is relatively unrestricted, and the usability is good. On the other hand, in the case of a polygon having a large number of angles such as a heptagon or an octagon, it becomes close to a circle, and it is difficult to prevent the lock pin 4 from rotating. Therefore, a pentagonal cross section is most recommended.

Also, in the case where the lock pin 4 has a semicircular cross section, the surface of the lock pin 4 abuts the inner wall of the lock pin insertion passage 8 to block the rotation of the lock pin 4, as described above. The arch wire 2 can be firmly fixed at the circular vertex, which is a preferable shape.

As described above, in Example 1, the hole-type first orthodontic appliance is used for many teeth such as canines, premolars and molars. The first orthodontic bracket can firmly fix the archwire 2 and has very few irregularities, so that plaque is unlikely to adhere. In this way, the first orthodontic bracket, which is more excellent in terms of hygiene of the teeth, is used for the teeth distal to the canine, and the groove-type second orthodontic bracket is used for the front teeth so that the archwire 2 can be easily attached. It is used to realize an orthodontic kit that makes it easy to attach an archwire while reducing the ease with which plaque adheres. Moreover, it is possible to fix and correct molars that could not be fixed with archwires in the past.

<Embodiment 2> In Embodiment 2, the same first orthodontic appliance as in Embodiment 1 is used for canines, premolars and molars to provide a second orthodontic bracket which will be described in detail below. Apply the tool to the front teeth. FIG. 6 is a front view showing a second bracket according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A is a bracket lid 33,
(B) is a front view showing a bracket main body 32, and (c) is a second bracket 31 (a state in which a bracket lid 33 is fitted to the bracket main body 32). FIG. 7 is also a view showing the second bracket, and FIG. 7 (a) is a side view of the second bracket 31 [a view of FIG. 1 (c) seen from the right or the left]. It is indicated by a dashed line. Figure 7
7B is a top view of the second bracket, and FIG.
6C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line KK of FIG. 6C, and is a cross-sectional view in a state where the bracket body 32 and the bracket lid 33 are removed. FIG. 7D is a sectional view taken along the line LL shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows an orthodontic bracket 30 including a lock pin 4 and a second bracket 31 and an archwire 2
It is a figure which shows a mode that inserted through, (a) is a front view,
(B) is a sectional view taken along the line JJ.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, the bracket body 32
The horizontal direction of the bracket lid 33 is an ellipse that is slightly longer in the vertical direction. The major axis of the bracket lid 33 is longer than the major axis of the bracket body 32, and the minor axis of the bracket lid 33 is shorter than the minor axis of the bracket body 32. ing. Bracket body 32
An archwire insertion groove 37 is provided in a substantially horizontal direction in the middle, and a lock pin insertion passage 38 is provided on a side which is substantially orthogonal to the archwire insertion groove 37 and near the tooth surface.
The lock pin insertion passage 38 has the same or slightly smaller radius of curvature as the arched lock pin 4. On the side wall of the bracket body 32, recesses 34 for fitting are provided above and below the insertion groove 37 with the insertion groove 37 interposed therebetween. Corresponding to the concave portion 34, the convex portion 3 is formed inside the side wall of the bracket lid 33.
5 are provided. The bracket lid 33 is made of an elastic metal member, and a notch 36 corresponding to the archwire insertion groove 37 is formed on the side surface of the bracket lid 33. Further, the bracket lid 32 is provided with a lock pin insertion hole 39 so as to fit into the lock pin insertion passage 38. The surface of the second bracket 31 with the bracket lid 32 fitted on the bracket body 32 has a smooth shape with few irregularities.

Next, the manner of use of the second orthodontic appliance (second bracket) of Embodiment 2 and the archwire fixing mechanism will be described. The bracket body 32 is adhered to the surface of the patient's teeth by the adhesive applied to the adhesive surface 32a. To attach the archwire 2, the archwire 2 is previously stored in the archwire insertion groove 37 portion of the bracket body 32. Then, the bracket lid 33 is pressed from the direction of the arrow G and slightly expanded in the direction of the arrow H by elastic deformation to be deformed into a shape that can be loosely fitted in the bracket main body 32 and fitted into the bracket main body 32 (see FIG. 6).
Then, when the pressing in the direction of arrow G is released, the bracket lid 33 contracts in the direction opposite to the direction of arrow H in order to restore the shape and clamps the bracket body 32 from the width direction. In addition, although it floats (separates) in the direction opposite to the arrow G direction due to the restoration, with the above-mentioned sandwiching in the direction opposite to the arrow H,
The concave portion 34 and the convex portion 35 are engaged with each other so that they can be strongly held and fixed. Next, the lock pin 4 is inserted into the lock pin insertion hole 39.
And the lock pin insertion passage 38 (see FIG. 8).
In order to prevent the lock pin 4 from coming off naturally,
Similarly to the above, after the insertion, it is preferable to bend the lock pin lower end 4a before use.

The arch wire 2 is housed in the space defined by the arch wire insertion groove 37, the inner wall surface of the bracket lid 33 and the lock pin 4 (hereinafter referred to as the arch wire insertion space). The wire insertion space has a size such that the arch wire 2 to be used is just fitted at the correct position correcting stage. Then, the cheek side surface 2c of the rectangular arch wire 2 comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the bracket lid 33,
The upper side surface 2d and the lower side surface 2b of the archwire 2 contact the wall surfaces of the archwire insertion groove 37, respectively, and the tooth side surface 2a of the remaining archwire 2 is pressed by the lock pin 4, whereby the archwire 2 is fixed. . The upper side surface 2d and the lower side surface 2c of the archwire 2 are in contact with the inner wall of the archwire insertion groove 37 without any deviation, and the buccal side surface of the archwire is also in contact with no gap so that no deviation occurs. With respect to the remaining one surface (the tooth side surface 2a of the archwire 2), even if the lock pin 4 moves up and down to some extent, the pressing force of the arcuate inner surface of the lock pin 4 does not change, so that the archwire 2 does not shift.

The fixing mechanism by the lock pin 4 is the same as that of the first embodiment, that is, the arcuate outer surface (tooth side) of the lock pin 4 is supported by the lock pin insertion passage 38, and the lock pin 4 has an arcuate shape. The inner surface holds the archwire 2 toward the buccal side, and the archwire 2 has the buccal side surface 2c.
Is pressed against the inner wall surface of the bracket lid 33. In this way, since the archwire 2 is strongly fixed to the bracket 30, as a result, even if a force is applied to the archwire 2 by mastication or the like, the torque movement as designed can be achieved, and the archwire can be moved. You can also stop the lateral movement of.

The action of the arched lock pin 4 to more firmly fix the arch wire 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Further, even if the lock pin 4 is displaced due to a gap (see an arrow A in FIG. 8B) generated at the bent portion of the lower end portion 4a of the lock pin 4, as described in the description of the first embodiment,
What was held by the C portion of the lock pin 4 is now held by the D portion, and the pushing remains the same.

In the treatment, the thickness and shape of the archwire are selected according to the desired degree of fixing strength of the archwire in each treatment process, and the degree of play between the archwire insertion space and the archwire is selected. By adjusting it, you can achieve loose fixing to firm fixing. For example, as described above, in the rough alignment step, the arch wire 2 may be round or thin square, and the bracket 3
The archwire 2 is loosely fixed with respect to 1. When it is desired to move the torque in the normal position correcting step, a square-shaped archwire 2 having a size corresponding to the insertion space of the archwire 2 is used, and the archwire 2 is fitted tightly.

When removing the bracket lid 33, similarly to the above, the bracket lid 33 is pressed in the direction of the arrow G and expanded in the direction of the arrow H, and is deformed into a shape that allows loose fitting in the bracket body 32 and then removed. At this time, the engagement between the convex portion 35 and the concave portion 34 is released by the deformation of the bracket lid 33, and the bracket lid 33 is disengaged as described above.

As described above, the first bracket has a structure in which the outer peripheral shape of the bracket lid 33 is distorted to be attached / detached, and when attaching / detaching, there is no need for a gap in the portion for accommodating the archwire 2, and the bracket lid is It can be attached and detached, and therefore the archwire 2 can be replaced.

The bracket main body 32 and the bracket lid 33 are not limited to the shapes shown in FIG. 6. For example, the major axis of the elliptical bracket lid is shorter than the major axis of the bracket body, and the minor axis of the bracket lid is It may be longer than the short axis of the bracket body. Further, the direction of the ellipse of the bracket body and the bracket lid is not limited to the one that is long in the vertical direction as described above, but may be an ellipse that is long in the horizontal direction. Further, the short axis of the bracket body may be fitted to the long axis of the bracket lid, and the long axis of the bracket body may be fitted to the short axis of the bracket lid. In addition, one of the bracket main body and the bracket lid may be circular and the other may be elliptical. In these cases as well, the longer axis (long axis, short axis, diameter) of the bracket lid is pressed against the bracket body, and the shorter axis is widened with respect to the bracket body, so that the bracket lid becomes the bracket body. Then, the bracket body is clamped and fixed by releasing the above pressure.

Also in the second embodiment, the second orthodontic appliance has a shape in which the archwire 2 can be inserted from the front side, has a shape with few irregularities and is hard to have plaque, and the archwire 2 is firmly fixed. You can Therefore, when the orthodontic kit of the second embodiment is used, the archwire 2 can be easily attached, plaque is unlikely to adhere, and the molars can be fixed to the archwire 2 as in the first embodiment.

<Embodiment 3> For example, when the tooth is located extremely inward from the normal dentition like the fifth premolar shown in FIG. 10, the first dentition in the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 and 2 is used. When the correction tool 41 (the first bracket 3 and the lock pin 4) is used, there arises a problem that the archwire 2 cannot be passed through the archwire insertion passage 7 of the first bracket 3. That is, the insertion operation of the archwire 2 is performed from the front of the face, and the archwire insertion hole 7 of each bracket 3 is arranged in the order of the canines, the 4th premolars, the 5th premolars, the 6th molars, and the 7th molars. Although it is passed through, when passing the arch wire 2 through the bracket 5 of the 5th premolar, the archwire 2 passed through the 4th premolar must be bent while being inserted extremely, which makes the operation difficult. Also, even if the arch wire 2 can be inserted through the bracket 3 of the 5th premolar, the arch wire 2 must be extremely bent outward from there and the arch wire 2 must be passed through the bracket 3 of the 6th molar, Is extremely difficult. Incidentally, in the case of the second bracket of the type in which the arch wire 2 can be mounted from the front side, the above problem does not occur.

The third embodiment solves the above-mentioned problems and is the first orthodontic appliance used for the teeth extremely positioned inside as described above. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing the first orthodontic appliance 91 (first bracket 93 and lock pin 4), and the arch wire 2 is attached to and attached to the first orthodontic appliance 91. The state of being fixed by the wire 92 is shown. FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a state in which the arch wire 2 is fixed by the attachment wire 92 without using the lock pin 4.

The first orthodontic bracket 91 comprises a first bracket 93 and a lock pin 4, and a groove-shaped archwire insertion groove 97 is provided on the buccal surface of the first bracket 93 in a substantially horizontal direction. ing. The depth of the arch wire insertion groove 97 may be a depth equal to or larger than half the thickness of the arch wire 2. Further, similarly to the case of the first bracket 3, the first bracket 93 is provided with an arch wire insertion hole 7 in a substantially horizontal direction and a lock pin insertion passage 8 in a substantially vertical direction.

FIG. 10 is a view showing the use state of the orthodontic kit according to the third embodiment, and as shown in FIG.
Then, a second tooth similar to that of the first or second embodiment is formed on the front tooth.
The first orthodontic bracket 91 is used for the teeth located extremely inside of the canines, premolars and molars using
For the other teeth, the first orthodontic appliance 41 similar to that of the first embodiment is used.

At the initial stage of treatment, when the teeth are located extremely inward from the normal dentition, the arch wire 2 is fitted into the arch wire insertion groove 97 and the mounting wire 92 is locked, as shown in FIG. The arch wire 2 is fixed by being fastened as if hooked on the pin 4. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), without using the lock pin 4, the attachment wire 92 is fastened to the lock pin insertion passage 8 of the first bracket 93 through the attachment wire 92 and fitted into the arch wire insertion groove 97. 2 may be fixed.

After that, when the tooth row is arranged to a position where the arch wire 2 can be inserted into the arch wire insertion hole 7, the arch wire 2 is passed through the arch wire insertion hole 7 as in the case of the first embodiment. , The arch wire 2 is fixed by the lock pin 4, and orthodontics is performed. The attachment wire 92 is not required at this treatment stage.

As described above, in the third embodiment, even when the arch wire 2 is difficult to be inserted into the insertion hole 7 due to the severely piled state, the arch wire 2 is attached to the orthodontic appliance adhered to the teeth.
Can be attached. Although there are some irregularities at the treatment stage using the attaching wire 92, the attaching wire 92
There is little unevenness and it is hard to get plaque at the treatment stage where is unnecessary.

Therefore, when the orthodontic kit of the third embodiment is used, the arch wire 2 can be easily attached, and
Similarly, plaque is unlikely to adhere, and the molars can be fixed to the archwire 2.

In the third embodiment, the canine teeth, premolars and molars other than the extremely inner teeth are used in the first embodiment.
Although the same first orthodontic braces 41 were used, the first orthodontic braces 91 may be used for all canines, premolars and molars.

[0065]

As described above, in the orthodontic kit according to the present invention, both the first and second orthodontic appliances to be used can be realized in various ways, from loose fixing to firm fixing. Since it can handle all treatment stages from the correct position to the orthodontic position, and the operation of fixing the archwire is simple, even if it is a region where the operability is poor due to the presence of cheeks such as molars, it is easy. Fixation is possible, and not only the anterior teeth, the canine teeth, the premolars but also the molars can be orthodontic. Moreover, the first and second orthodontic braces have a smooth surface with few irregularities, and the first bracket has a shape with very few irregularities, so plaque is difficult to adhere and when brushing teeth. The toothbrush is easy to reach, so cleaning can be done well.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a use state of an orthodontic kit according to an embodiment of the present invention in an upper jaw.

2A is a front view showing a first orthodontic appliance and an archwire according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG.
A cross-sectional view taken along line I, and (c) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the bracket 3 is attached to the teeth 5.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of teeth showing the use of the first and second orthodontic appliances according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the arch wire of FIG. 2 (b).

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a second bracket according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second bracket according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a second orthodontic appliance and an arch wire according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a first orthodontic appliance, a mounting wire and an arch wire according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a use state of an orthodontic kit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an example of a lock pin and a lock pin insertion passage according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a conventional orthodontic bracket.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 archwire 2a tooth side surface 2b bottom side surface 2c buccal side surface 2d upper side surface 3,93 first bracket 4 lock pin 4a lower end 5 teeth 6 gum 7 archwire insertion hole 8,28 lock pin insertion passage 23,31 second Brackets 27, 37, 38, 97 Arch wire insertion groove 27b Rest portion 32 Bracket body 33 Bracket lid 34 Recessed portion 35 Convex portion 39 Lock pin insertion hole 41, 91 First orthodontic bracket 42 Second orthodontic bracket 92 Mounting wire

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] December 5, 1995

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 5

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0016

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Alternatively, the second bracket comprises a bracket main body fixed to the tooth surface and a bracket lid covering the bracket main body so as to enclose the bracket main body. The bracket lid is made of an elastic material, and the bracket is provided. One of the lid and the bracket body is circular and the other is elliptical, and the major axis of the elliptical bracket lid is longer than the diameter of the circular bracket body and the minor axis of the elliptical bracket lid. Is preferably smaller than the diameter of the circular bracket body, or the diameter of the circular bracket lid is shorter than the major axis and longer than the minor axis of the elliptical bracket body.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An orthodontic kit having a bracket and an arch wire, wherein a first orthodontic bracket attached to a tooth surface of a molar or each tooth surface of a molar and a canine has a first bracket and a lock. A second orthodontic bracket, which comprises a pin and is attached to each tooth surface of the anterior tooth and the canine tooth, or to the tooth surface of the anterior tooth, includes a second bracket and a lock pin, and each lock pin is arcuate. The first bracket is provided with an archwire insertion hole in a substantially horizontal direction, and an arch-shaped insertion path for a lock pin having a radius of curvature which is the same as or slightly smaller than that of the lock pin is orthogonal to a part of the archwire insertion hole. The second bracket is provided with an archwire insertion groove that is open to the labial side in a substantially horizontal direction, and is orthogonal to a part of the archwire insertion groove and is the same as the lock pin or A bow-shaped insertion path for a lock pin having a small radius of curvature is provided, the arch wire is attached to the first bracket by passing through the insertion hole, and the arch wire is attached to the insertion groove in the second bracket. An orthodontic kit that is installed from the open part. 2. The orthodontic kit according to claim 1, wherein the first bracket has a substantially horizontal archwire insertion groove that is open toward the cheek. 3. The tooth row according to claim 1, wherein the archwire insertion groove of the second bracket has a bottom portion bent in a U shape toward the opening side to form an archwire rest portion. Orthodontic kit. 4. The second bracket comprises a bracket main body fixed to a tooth surface and a bracket lid covering the bracket main body so as to enclose the bracket main body, and the bracket lid is made of an elastic material. The bracket lid and the bracket body are both oval, and one of the long axis and the short axis of the bracket lid is
3. The bracket body is longer than either one of the long axis and the short axis, and the other of the long axis and the short axis of the bracket lid is shorter than the other of the long axis and the short axis of the bracket body. Orthodontic kit according to. 5. The second bracket comprises a bracket main body fixed to a tooth surface and a bracket lid covering the bracket main body so as to enclose the bracket main body, and the bracket lid is made of an elastic material. One of the bracket lid and the bracket body is circular and the other is elliptical, and the major axis of the elliptical bracket lid is longer than the diameter of the circular bracket body and the elliptical bracket lid is short. The axis is shorter than the diameter of the circular bracket body, or the diameter of the circular bracket lid is longer than the major axis and shorter than the minor axis of the elliptical bracket body. Orthodontic kit as described.