JPH08144926A - Pelton wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To make a needle valve so as to be closed even if a needle valve operating control valve has gone wrong and/or malfunctioned. CONSTITUTION: Emergency closing valves 32a to 32d and 33a to 33d are installed in the midway of supply pipes 7a to 7d and 8a to 8d connecting solenoid proportional selector valves 3a to 3d for opening or closing a needle valve and a needle servomotor, while the emergency closing valves 32a to 32d and a feed oil pipe 5 are connected by a feed oil bypass pipe 34, and likewise the emergency closing valves 33a to 33d are connected to a drain oil pipe 6 through a drain oil bypass pipe 35.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a Pelton turbine, which is an improved governor for needle control.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a Pelton turbine, jet water is made to collide with a runner to rotate a turbine shaft to which the runner is fixed. The jet water is jetted from the nozzle, and the flow rate of the jet water is adjusted by the size of the opening of the needle valve.

The structure of a governor for opening and closing the needle valve is shown in FIG. 2, and the structure of the needle valve is shown in FIG. Figure 2
As shown in FIG. 2, the needle disc 1 is provided with governors 2a to 2d, and the governors 2a to 2d are composed of electromagnetic proportional switching valves (direct type servo valves) 3a to 3d and manual valves 4a to 4d.

The openings on one side of the electromagnetic proportional switching valves 3a to 3d are connected to a pressure oil supply source (not shown) via an oil supply pipe 5 and to an oil discharge tank (not shown) via an oil discharge pipe 6. . The other opening is connected to the needle servomotors 9a to 9d via the supply pipes 7a to 7d and 8a to 8d as shown in FIGS.

The openings on one side of the manual valves 4a to 4d are connected to the oil supply pipe 5 via the oil supply pipe 10 and the oil discharge pipe 1
It is connected to the oil drain pipe 6 via 1. The opening on the other side is connected to the supply pipes 7a to 7d and 8a to 8d via the supply pipes 12a to 12d and 13a to 13d.

The oil supply pipe 5 is provided with two sets of oil strainers 15 having valves 14 on both sides, and only one set is always used. A pressure gauge 16 is also provided on the oil supply pipe 5 via a valve 14. Oil supply pipe 5,
10 proportional solenoid switching valves 3a to 3d, manual valve 4a to
The valve 14 is provided near 4d, while the solenoid proportional switching valves 3a to 3d in the oil drain pipes 6 and 11 and the manual valve 4 are provided.
A check valve 17 is provided near a to 4d. In addition, check valves 17 and flow rate adjusting needle valves 18 are provided on the supply pipes 12a to 12d and 13a to 13d.

As shown in FIG. 3, a needle valve 21 is provided inside nozzles 20a to 20d for colliding jet water with a runner (not shown) fixed to a water wheel shaft 19 of a Pelton turbine.
a to 21d are provided, and the needle valves 21a to 21d are connected to the piston 23 in the needle servomotors 9a to 9d via the rod 22. Nozzles 20a-20d
The deflectors 24a to 24d are provided in the vicinity of the deflector 24a to 24d, and the deflectors 24a to 24d are linked to the piston 28 in the deflector servomotors 27a to 27d via the rod 25 and the arm 26. Deflector servo motor 2
7a to 27d are supply pipes 29a to 29d, 30a to 30.
It is connected to a pressure oil supply source (not shown) and an oil discharge tank via d.

Next, the operation of such a Pelton turbine will be described. For example, when the manual valve 4a is not used in the governor 2a, the valve 14 near the manual valve 4a is closed and the valve 14 near the solenoid valve proportional switching 3a is opened. And
When pressure oil is supplied from the oil supply pipe 5 to the supply pipe 7a by exciting the electromagnetic proportional switching valve 3a, the piston 23 advances and the needle valve 21a is closed, while when it is supplied to the supply pipe 8a, the needle valve 21b is opened. This action is the same for the electromagnetic proportional switching valves 3b to 3d. Electromagnetic proportional switching valve 3
When electricity stops flowing to a to 3d, the action of the spring pushes it to the farthest right, so that the movement of the pressure oil stops and the current state is maintained. Next, even if the opening / closing of the spring 14 is switched and the manual valve 4a is used without using the electromagnetic proportional switching valve 3a, the same operation as in the non-manual case can be performed.

Finally, regarding the opening and closing of the deflectors 24a to 24d, if pressure oil is supplied from the supply pipe 30d, the piston 28 moves to the left in FIG. 3 and the deflector 24d opens, while pressure oil is supplied from the supply pipe 29d. Is supplied, the deflector 24d is closed.

[0010]

However, when electricity stops flowing to the solenoid proportional switching valve, the movement of the pressure oil is stopped by the action of the spring, and the opening degree of the needle valve by the needle servomotor remains unchanged. If the solenoid proportional switching valve malfunctions or fails, the needle valve cannot be controlled and the deflector is moved to prevent the jet water from hitting the runner, or the inlet valve is closed to shut off the running water. The only way to stop the rotation of the water wheel is.

[0011] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a Pelton turbine that solves the above problems.

[0012]

A structure of the present invention for achieving the above object is to provide a pair of supply pipes for a needle servomotor for changing the opening of a needle valve for increasing or decreasing the amount of water injected to a runner. In the Pelton turbine that connects one end of the and the other end to the pressure distribution valve, and connects the end of the oil supply pipe for supplying pressure oil and the end of the oil discharge pipe for discharging oil to the pressure distribution valve, An emergency shutoff valve is provided in each of the pair of supply pipes, one emergency shutoff valve is connected to the oil supply pipe via the oil supply bypass pipe, and the other emergency shutoff valve is connected to the oil discharge pipe via the oil discharge bypass pipe. It is characterized in that the needle valve is closed when pressure oil flows to the needle servomotor through a pair of bypass pipes when energized, and the pressure distribution valve and the needle servomotor communicate with each other when deenergized.

[0013]

[Operation] When the pressure distributing valve is in a normal state, the emergency closing valve is not energized, and the emergency closing valve is affected by the spring. Therefore, the pressure distribution valve and the needle servomotor are in communication with each other.

When the pressure distributing valve fails or malfunctions, the emergency shut-off valve is energized and operates against the spring so that the oil supply bypass pipe and one supply pipe communicate with each other, and the drain oil bypass pipe and the other supply pipe communicate with each other. Communicate with each other. Therefore, pressure oil flows to the needle servomotor and the needle valve closes. Therefore, water will not flow.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Since the present embodiment is an improvement of a part of the conventional Pelton turbine, the same parts as those of the prior art are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only the different parts will be described.

The construction of the Pelton turbine according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
Shown in As shown, in the middle of the supply pipes 7a to 7d and 8a to 8d, emergency shutoff valves 32a to 32d and 33a which are electromagnetic valves are provided.
33d are provided respectively. And the emergency shutoff valve 32a-
32d and the oil supply pipe 5 are respectively provided with an oil supply bypass pipe 34, while the emergency shutoff valves 33a to 33d and the oil discharge pipe 6 are provided.
An oil drain bypass pipe 35 is provided between each of these.

When the emergency shutoff valves 32a to 32d are energized, the refueling bypass pipe 34 and the supply pipes 7a to 7d communicate with each other, and when not energized, the supply pipes 7a to 7d communicate with each other by moving by the action of the spring. When the emergency shutoff valves 33a to 33d are energized, the oil drain bypass pipe 35 and the supply pipes 8a to 8d communicate with each other, and when not energized, the supply oils 8a to 8d communicate with each other by moving by the action of a spring. Supply pipes 7a to 7d and supply pipe 8a
When ~ 8d communicate with each other, resistance to the flow of pressure oil does not occur inside the emergency shutoff valve.

Since the opening / closing operation of the needle valve is performed by using the emergency closing valve, an orifice (not shown) is housed inside the oil supply bypass pipe 34 or the oil discharge bypass pipe 35 for the purpose of speed control of the opening / closing operation.

Next, the operation of such a Pelton turbine will be described. Since the emergency shut-off valves 32a to 32d and 33a to 33d are not energized in a normal state of the electromagnetic proportional switching valves 3a to 3d, the oil supply bypass pipe 34 and the drain oil bypass pipe 35 are closed as shown in FIG. It is in the same state as a conventional governor without a valve.

Next, when abnormalities occur in the electromagnetic proportional switching valves 3a to 3d and it becomes impossible to control the opening and closing of the needle valves 21a to 21d, the emergency shutoff valves 32a to 32d, 33a.
Energize 33d. Then, the pressure oil flows from the oil supply bypass pipe 34 to the supply pipes 7a to 7d, whereby the piston 23 in the needle servomotors 9a to 9d moves and the needle valves 21a to 21d are closed. Therefore, the nozzle 20
The flow of water injected from a to 20d stops.

As described above, the emergency shut-off valve can be used by inserting it into the circuit of the needle servomotor because the capacity of the needle servomotor is smaller than that of the deflector servomotor and it is required from full opening to full closing. This is because the time is long.

A pilot operation switching valve may be used as the emergency shutoff valve instead of the solenoid valve, and a hydraulic pressure distribution valve may be used as the pressure distribution valve instead of the electromagnetic switching valve.

[0023]

As can be seen from the above description, according to the Pelton turbine of the present invention, the needle valve can be closed and the water supply can be stopped by operating the emergency closing valve. Even in a power plant where the inlet valve provided at the intake of the turbine cannot be operated, the water supply to the runner can be stopped to stop the rotation of the water turbine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram showing a hydraulic circuit of a governor in a Pelton turbine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a hydraulic circuit of a governor in a conventional Pelton turbine.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the vicinity of a needle valve in a conventional Pelton turbine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2a-2d ... Governor 3a-3d ... Electromagnetic proportional switching valve 4a-4d ... Manual valve 5 ... Oil supply pipe 6 ... Oil discharge pipe 7a-7d, 8a-8d ... Supply pipe 9a-9d ... Needle servomotor 19 ... Water wheel shaft 21a- 21d ... Needle valve 32a-32d, 33a-33d ... Emergency closing valve 34 ... Oil supply bypass pipe 35 ... Oil discharge bypass pipe

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A needle servomotor for changing the opening of a needle valve for increasing / decreasing the amount of water injected to a runner is connected to one end of a pair of supply pipes and the other end is connected to a pressure distributing valve to supply pressure oil. In a Pelton turbine in which the end of the oil supply pipe for supply and the end of the oil discharge pipe for draining oil are connected to a pressure distribution valve, an emergency shutoff valve is provided for each of the pair of supply pipes, and one emergency shutoff valve is provided. Is connected to the oil supply pipe via the oil supply bypass pipe, and the other emergency shutoff valve is connected to the oil discharge pipe via the oil discharge bypass pipe,
A Pelton turbine, wherein the needle valve is closed when pressure oil flows to the needle servomotor through a pair of bypass pipes when energized, and the pressure distribution valve and the needle servomotor communicate with each other when deenergized.