JPH08135766A - Connecting method and connecting mechanism for rotating member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To connect rotating members to each other so that their phases can be adjusted and changed freely each other. CONSTITUTION: A boss 9' and a projected part 10 are provided on one side surface of first and second planetary gears 3a and 3b, respectively, and the end faces of the boss 9' and projected part 10 are roughly treated. Also the rough surfaces of the first and second planetary gears 3a and 3b are faced to each other, and a sheet 13 softer than the first and second planetary gears 3a and 3b is provided between them. Then they are tightened with a nut 11 for connection.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention requires co-axial rotation-direction gearing, such as gears with rotating shafts in which gears are integrally coupled, gears of gears that are superposed in multiple stages, gears and cams, and the like. The present invention relates to a technique for connecting rotating members to each other.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a typical coupling means for rotating members, the outer peripheral surface of a rotating shaft which is one rotating member and the inner peripheral surface of a rotating shaft insertion hole of a gear which is the other rotating member, respectively. There is a structure in which a key groove is provided and a key is fitted in a space formed by matching the key grooves to connect the key grooves. In addition, the rotary shaft is press-fitted into the shaft insertion hole of the rotary member by a fitting means such as clearance fit or shrink fit, or a ring-shaped member is interposed in the gap between the rotary shaft and the rotary member, and the ring-shaped member is radiated. There is also known a means for connecting the both by expanding in the direction.

[0003]

The key connection may cause a slight error when assembled due to variations in the formation of the key groove. In that case, it is extremely difficult to correct the error. It is also difficult to correct when the key groove expands and becomes loose or shifts, and it is fatal if the phase difference between the rotating members occurs. Further, in the case of a multi-stage gear having a plurality of gears on the same rotary shaft, when precise phase matching is required between the gears, a separate structure may be provided by the fitting means regardless of the integrated structure. It can be said that it is extremely difficult to superimpose the gears of (1) to match the phase, and in any case, there is a drawback that readjustment is impossible. On the other hand, since the technique of interposing the ring-shaped member is to connect the rotating shaft and the boss, the bosses can be connected to each other via the rotating shaft, but the bosses cannot be directly connected to each other. Further, since the stress acts in the radial direction, if the thickness of the boss is small, the strength may be insufficient and the boss may be broken.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to provide a technique for coupling rotating members to each other capable of adjusting the phase, and the constitution is such that they are intimately coupled to each other in a plane orthogonal to the axial direction. Roughening the contact surfaces of the rotating members with each other, and applying a clamping force by sandwiching a thin plate softer than the rotating members between the roughened contact surfaces, and fixing in the rotation direction. A method of connecting members, a roughened surface that is orthogonal to the axial direction of a pair of rotary members and faces each other, and a thin plate that is sandwiched between the roughened contact surfaces and is softer than the rotary member, and the rotary member. And a coupling mechanism for a rotating member, which comprises a pressing means for pressing the two together in the direction of the rotation axis. The rotating member may be a combination of a gear and a stepped rotating shaft, and it is preferable that the thin plate has a locking portion formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof.

[0005]

When the pinching pressure is applied by aligning the phases, fine projections having a rough surface bite into the thin plate to prevent slippage in a direction parallel to the surface, and when the pinching pressure is released, they are separated. The protrusions left on the thin plate can be easily adjusted repeatedly because the protrusion pattern of the protrusion on the rough surface is displaced even by slightly rotating the thin plate.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the method for connecting a rotating member and the connecting mechanism according to the present invention used for removing backlash in a planetary gear speed reducer will be described with reference to the drawings. A planetary gear speed reducer 1 shown in an exploded perspective view in FIG. 1 includes a sun gear 2, planetary gears 3, 3 and 3, an internal gear 4 and a carrier 5, of which the planetary gear 3 is the sun gear 2 A first planetary gear 3a that meshes with and a second planetary gear 3b that meshes with the internal gear 4 are assembled in a two-stage stack (hereinafter, the planetary gear 3 is referred to as a double-layered gear).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the double-layered gear 3 has a first planetary gear 3a integrally provided with a rotary shaft 6, and the rotary shaft 6 is provided with a threaded portion 7 at its tip. The second planetary gear 3b is provided with a rotary shaft insertion hole 8 corresponding to the rotary shaft 6 at the center thereof. The means for fixing the rotary shaft 6 to the first planetary gear 3a does not matter, and may of course be integrally formed. Further, the second planetary gear 3b is provided with bosses 9 and 9'protruding on both sides, and the end surface of one boss 9'has been subjected to electric discharge machining for rough surface treatment of fine irregularities. The planetary gear 3a of No. 1 is provided with a raised portion 10 corresponding to the boss 9 on the rotation shaft protruding side, and the end surface of the raised portion 10 is also roughened by electric discharge machining. Reference numeral 11 shown in the drawing is a nut screwed to the screw portion 7 as a pinching means, 12 is a washer, and 13 is a thin plate, and the thin plate 13 has an end surface shape of the boss portion 9 '(protruding portion 10). It is made of a metal softer than the gear material, such as an aluminum material or a copper material.
3a is projected.

The first planetary gear 3a and the second planetary gear 3b
Means that the thin plate 13 is first fitted to the rotary shaft 6 of the first planetary gear 3a, and then the second planetary gear 3b is fitted to the rotary shaft 6 so that the boss portion 9'side is in close contact with the thin plate 13, and finally The nut 11 is screwed into the threaded portion 7 with the washer 12 interposed.

The nut 11 is loosely temporarily tightened to align the phases of the first planetary gear 3a and the second planetary gear 3b, and the nut 11 is strongly tightened to make the second planetary gear 3b.
When is pressed against the first planetary gear 3a side, rough surfaces are crimped on both sides of the thin plate 13 sandwiched between the raised portion 10 and the boss portion 9 ', and as shown in FIG. The surface protrusions 14, 14 ... As a result, the planetary gears are in close contact with each other while the thin plates are sandwiched, and the planetary gears are securely fixed in the rotation direction. The rough surface may be formed not only by electric discharge machining but also by a scratching means to have an irregular relief pattern.

The double-layered gear 3 thus constructed is
The tooth profile of both gears can be matched to any phase,
If the phase is incorrect, loosen the nut to separate the first planetary gear 3a and the second planetary gear 3b from each other in the axial direction, shift the thin plate in the rotating direction to adjust the phase, and re-tighten the nut to correct. it can. In this correction work, even if only the rotating body is slightly rotated due to the phase shift, the protrusion fits into the bite mark that had been biting up to that point, but the thin plate is slightly rotated to form the protrusion. By making the bite mark and the pattern different, accurate repeat adjustment is possible. In addition, since the projection has a structure in which it is bitten and fixed in a thin plate, even if oil adheres, it is not affected, and therefore it is possible to easily adjust it on site without the trouble of removing and removing grease. Incidentally, a locking projection 13a as a locking portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the thin plate as in the present embodiment so that the nut can be easily rotated by a tip of a flat-blade screwdriver or the like from a gap in a loosened state. Desirably, the locking portion is not limited to one location, but there are innumerable variations such that it is provided at a plurality of locations or evenly around the entire circumference, or has a polygonal shape. Alternatively, the thin plate may be made of synthetic resin.

As an example of the backlash removing method of the planetary gear device, the sun gear 2 and the internal gear 4 are assembled with the double-layered gear 3 with loosened nuts, and the first planetary gears 2, 2 which mesh with the sun gear 2 are assembled. The pair was fixed to the sun gear 2 while rotating in opposite directions while being meshed with the sun gear 2 and pressing the tooth surfaces, and then meshed with the internal gear 4 to be integrated with the fixed first planetary gear 2. The second planetary gear 2,
2 are rotated in the opposite directions to each other, and the nut 11 is tightened while maintaining the positional relationship (FIG. 5). The remaining one planetary gear rotates the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear in opposite directions to match the phase of any one of the planetary gears. By doing this, the tooth profiles are pressed against each other and meshed without rattling, so backlash can be eliminated, and even if there is a deviation, it can be easily adjusted.This is not limited to planetary gears, but it can be used for racks and pinions or It is also effective for other gear mechanisms. Incidentally, the planetary gear device of the present embodiment,
Although the case where three double-layered gears are used has been described, the even-numbered gears can be balanced against the rotation in the forward and reverse directions. If such a double-geared gear is adopted, it can be said that it is suitable for a robot apparatus because it is small and has an extremely high gear ratio. The ratio of the number of teeth between the sun gear and the first planetary gear is 2: 9, and the ratio of the tooth number between the second planetary gear and the internal gear is 3: 3.
5, when the internal gear is fixed, the carrier is 21 times the sun gear, and conversely, when the carrier is fixed, the internal gear is 20 times the sun gear with the direction of rotation reversed, which is a very high reduction ratio. Is obtained.

The above-described embodiment is preferably used for a planetary gear device in which the planetary gear is not fixed, but as shown in FIG. 6, a first gear 16 in which a hollow shaft 15 is integrally formed,
The second gear 18 having the shaft insertion hole 17 is roughened on the contact side between the gears, and the hollow shaft 15 is inserted into the shaft insertion hole 17 of the second gear 18 to form a thin plate 13 between the gears. When the nut 20 is screwed into the threaded portion 19 formed at the tip of the hollow shaft 15 by sandwiching it, and the nut 20 is tightened to connect, a two-stage gear having a shaft hole 15a in the center is formed. If, for example, the needle bearing 21 is mounted in the shaft hole 15a, it can be rotatably assembled to the shaft. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, for the shaft that is separate from the gear, the stepped shaft 22 provided with the step portion 22a is attached to the shaft insertion holes 25 and 26 of the first and second gears 23 and 24, respectively. By inserting the thin portion 22b of the stepped shaft 22 into the stepped shaft, sandwiching the thin plate 13 between both gears, and screwing the nut 28 into the screw portion 27 formed in the thin portion 21b, and tightening the nut. , Bearings 29 at both ends
It is also possible to form a two-step gear with a shaft supported by 29 '. As shown in FIG. 8, a flange 30a may be provided on the shaft 30 and the side step portion 30b of the flange 30a may be used as a substitute for the step portion. It is possible to form a two-step gear with a shaft supported by 29, 29 '.
Further, as the urging means, not only tightening with a nut but also providing a screw hole 31 at the center of the tip end surface of the stepped shaft 22 and screwing a bolt 32 screwed into the screw hole 31 as illustrated in FIG. Thus, the first gear 23 and the second gear 24 sandwiching the thin plate 13 can be pressed by the lid 34 via the sleeve 33.

In these embodiments, the mutual phases of the gears are emphasized, and they are simply brought into close contact with the shaft. However, in consideration of the phase adjustment between the shaft and the gears, the first embodiment is adopted. In addition to the gear and the second gear, a thin plate is also interposed between the step side surface of the shaft and the first gear, and also between the second gear and the lid, and the contact surface with these thin plates can be roughened. For example, the shaft and the gear are more firmly connected. Explaining such an example in detail with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, the step of the stepped shaft 22 is set to be slightly larger than usual, a key groove 35 is formed on the outer circumference of the tip portion, and at the center of the tip surface. A screw hole 36 is provided. First and second with different outer diameter
Rotating shaft insertion holes 25 and 26 corresponding to the small diameter portion 22b of the stepped rotating shaft 22 are penetrated through the gears 23 and 24 of the gears 23 and 24, and bosses 37 and 38 whose both end faces are roughened.
・ ・ Is projected. Reference numeral 39 is a pressing lid, and 40 is a sleeve having a key groove 41 corresponding to the key groove 35 formed at the tip of the stepped rotary shaft 22, and the side surface of the sleeve 40 is roughened. Reference numeral 42 denotes a bolt, and the holding lid 39 is provided with a bolt insertion hole 39a through which a threaded portion of the bolt is inserted.

In order to assemble these members, first, the thin plate 13 and the first gear 2 are attached to the small diameter portion 22b of the stepped shaft 22.
3, the thin plate 13, the second gear 24, and the thin plate 13 are fitted in order, then the sleeve 40 is coupled through the key 35a fitted in the key groove 35, and finally the pressing lid 39 is pressed to bolt the bolt 42. The bolt 4 is inserted through the insertion hole 41.
The threaded portion of No. 1 is screwed into the screw hole 36 and tightened. With this configuration, the thin plates 13, 13, 13 are respectively sandwiched between the step portion 22a of the stepped shaft 22, the first and second gears 23, 24, and the pressing lid 39, and they are rotated by the key. The stopped sleeve 40 and the first and second gears 23, 2
4 and 4 are assembled together. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12, not only the shafts are coupled with each other but also the first gear 23 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 43, 4 parallel to the axial direction.
.. are provided, and the screw holes 43, 4 are provided in the second gear 24.
.. are provided with bolt insertion holes 44, 44 .., the surfaces facing each other are roughened, the thin plate 13 is sandwiched between both gears 23, 24, and the bolts 45, 45. It can also be fixed by tightening. In this case, the bolt insertion hole 44 is formed to be slightly larger than the threaded portion of the bolt 45 to be inserted so that the clearance can be adjusted using the gap between the bolt 45 and the bolt insertion hole 44.

The present invention connects the rotating members to each other so that the phase can be adjusted steplessly. However, the present invention can also be applied to the case where a pulley, a circular saw blade or the like which does not require the phase adjustment is fixed to the shaft, and is used. Wide and highly reliable with or without bosses and ridges. In addition, the idea of roughening the thin plate used in the present invention and the contact surface of the thin plate is adopted in the contact surface part of the flange joint, for example, to connect the shafts, and the bolt insertion hole is an arc-shaped oblong hole. Also, when the narrow pressure is released, the rotation in the rotation direction is allowed, and the angle of the cam or the arm protruding in the direction orthogonal to the axis is also changed.
In the present invention, the type of the rotating member and the sandwiching means are not limited to the examples, and can be applied to all the mechanisms that require phase adjustment, the roughness of the rough surface, the size and thickness of the thin plate, the shape, etc. are required. Depending on the various characteristics of the member to be formed, it is appropriately changed within the range not departing from the gist of the present invention. Although the present invention aims to adjust the phase with respect to the rotation direction, the connecting means for making the soft material regret the protrusion of the roughened surface is the surface direction between the members in which the flat surfaces are in close contact with each other, or It can be applied to a mechanism that requires axial adjustment and phase adjustment between the coaxially arranged members.

[0016]

According to the method of the present invention, the rotary members that are connected in multiple stages in the axial direction can be easily assembled with each other in a desired phase, and the quality of the assembled product can be improved. Further, according to the mechanism of the present invention, not only the phase can be adjusted steplessly, but also the phase can be readjusted when it is out of phase, and it is effectively used especially when the backlash is removed in the gear mechanism.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded explanatory view of a planetary gear device that implements a rotating member coupling method and mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded explanatory view of a double-layered gear used in the planetary gear device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a double-layered gear that has been assembled.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a contact portion between a thin plate and a rough surface.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a backlash removing operation.

FIG. 6 is an exploded explanatory view of a modified example.

FIG. 7 is an exploded explanatory view of a modified example.

FIG. 8 is an exploded explanatory diagram of a modified example.

FIG. 9 is an assembly explanatory diagram of a modified example.

FIG. 10 is an exploded explanatory view of a modified example.

FIG. 11 is an assembly explanatory diagram of a modified example.

FIG. 12 is an exploded explanatory view of a modified example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Planetary gear device, 2 ... Sun gear, 3. Double gear, 3a ... 1st planetary gear, 3b ... 2nd planetary gear, 4 ... Internal gear, 5 ... Carrier, 6 ...・ Rotating axis, 7
..Screw portions, 8 ... Rotating shaft insertion holes, 9, 9 '.. Boss,
10 ... Raised part, 11 ... Nut, 12 ... Washer,
13 ... Thin plate, 13a ... Locking protrusion, 14 ...
5 ... Hollow shaft, 15a ... Shaft hole, 16 ... First gear,
17 ・ ・ Shaft insertion hole, 18 ・ ・ Second gear, 19 ・ ・ Screw part, 20 ・ ・ Nut, 21 ・ ・ Needle bearing, 2
2 ... Stepped shaft, 22a .. Stepped portion, 22b ..
23 ... First gear, 24 ... Second gear, 25, 26
..Shaft insertion holes, 27..Screw portions, 28..Nuts, 2
9,29 '... Bearings, 30 ... Shafts, 30a .. Flange, 30b .. Side steps, 31 .. Screw holes, 32 .. Bolts, 33 .. Sleeves, 34 .. Lid, 35 .. Keyway, 35a ... Key, 36 ... Screw hole, 37,38 ...
Boss, 39 ... Presser lid, 40 .. Sleeve, 41 .. Key groove, 42 .. Bolt, 43 .. Screw hole, 44 .. Bolt insertion hole, 45 .. Bolt.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Roughening is performed on the contact surfaces of the rotating members whose surfaces orthogonal to the axial direction are intimately connected to each other, and between the contact surfaces that have been roughened, a softer material than the rotating member is provided. A method for connecting rotating members, comprising sandwiching a thin plate to apply a sandwiching force and fixing the sandwiched plate in a rotating direction. 2. The method for connecting rotating members according to claim 1, wherein the rotating member has a relationship between a gear and a stepped rotating shaft. 3. A pair of rotating members, which are sandwiched between roughened surfaces that are orthogonal to the axial direction and are opposed to each other, and the contact surfaces that have been roughened, and are softer than the rotating member, and the rotating member. A coupling mechanism for rotating members, which comprises a pressing means for pressing the two together in the direction of the rotation axis. 4. The method for connecting rotating members according to claim 3, wherein the rotating member has a relationship between a gear and a stepped rotating shaft. 5. The rotating member coupling mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the thin plate has a locking portion formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof.