JPH08112254A - Intraocular observation instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To make it easy to understand an actual observation position by implementing a diaphanoscopic image observation with a simple operation. CONSTITUTION: Reflected light on the eyeground by an eye refractivity measuring light source within a measuring section 23 illuminates the inside of a lens to be emitted from a pupil and is taken as diaphanoscopic image to be projected on a TV monitor 29. Here, a display mark of an eye to be inspected to discriminate left and right eyes and an eye type graphic on the plane containing an eye axis are also displayed. After inputting a part to be focused, an inspecting person moves a measuring section 23 with an operation rod 26 to adjust the focus and a switch 25 is depressed. The current position of the measuring section 23 is stored as origin while an indication mark is displayed on the TV monitor 29 to indicate the part inputted previously on the type graphic. Thereafter, when the measuring section 23 is moved forward or backward to alter the observation position, a moving value and the direction of the measuring section 23 are detected based on a pulse signal from a sensor 28 receiving the reflected light from a reflector 27, thereby the indicated position of the indication mark is changed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an intraocular observation apparatus capable of observing and measuring the position and the state of opacity of a crystalline lens in an eyeball, and particularly observing and measuring a transillumination image well.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are known conventional intraocular observation devices capable of recording a photographing position. For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-96730, a light beam from an alignment light source is known. The parallel optical beam is projected by the alignment optical system onto the cornea of the eye to be inspected, and while aligning the corneal reflection image and the reticle image on the monitor, alignment is performed in a plane perpendicular to the photographing optical path, and the corneal reflection image is further formed. Align the front-back direction so that it becomes the minimum.

When observing a transillumination image, the reset switch is pressed to store the origin position, the alignment light source is turned off and the transillumination observation light source is turned on, and the device is placed at a position where a desired transillumination image is obtained. Move further. When the photographing switch is pressed, the transillumination image is recorded, and at the same time, the displacement amount from the origin of the device is stored as the photographing position, and this displacement amount is represented by a numerical value such as "26".

[0004]

However, since the above-mentioned conventional example requires the alignment optical system, the apparatus becomes complicated and the apparatus becomes expensive accordingly. In addition, since the operations such as the alignment switching operation, the reset operation, and the transillumination image observation operation are complicated, erroneous operations are likely to occur, and the inspection time becomes long, which imposes an extra burden on the subject. Further, since the alignment operation and the transillumination image observation operation are different operations, not only is it easy for an error to occur in the displacement amount of the apparatus, but it is difficult to reconfirm the origin during observation of the transillumination image.

Further, since the position of the transillumination image being observed is expressed numerically as the amount of displacement from the origin, it is not possible to intuitively determine which part of the subject's eye is being observed, and the transillumination image cannot be determined. The problem arises that it is difficult to explain the medical condition to patients and their families using images.

An object of the present invention is to provide an intraocular observation apparatus which solves the above-mentioned problems, enables transillumination observation with a simple operation, and accurately and easily grasps the observation position of the eye to be inspected. To provide.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an intraocular observation apparatus according to the present invention illuminates an eye to be inspected with illumination light and illumination light reflected by the fundus of the illumination light. Imaging means for imaging the anterior ocular segment of the eye to be inspected including the crystalline lens, movement amount detection means for detecting the amount of movement of the imaging means in the front-back direction with respect to the eye, and counting the output of the movement amount detection means Counting means, display means for displaying a video signal from the image pickup means, eye schematic figure generating means for generating an eye schematic figure on the display portion, and mark generating means for generating an instruction mark on the display means. A control means for displaying the instruction mark at a predetermined position of the eye schematic figure, converting the movement amount information from the counting means into a magnification of the eye schematic figure, and moving the display position of the instruction mark appropriately. Characterized by having

[0008]

The intraocular observation device having the above-described structure displays the instruction mark so as to indicate the observation site on the schematic eye pattern, and moves the instruction mark according to the amount of movement of the device in the front-rear direction. The designated position is made to correspond to the observation site of the intraocular image.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the embodiment, and a condenser lens 2, an eye refraction measurement target 3, a relay lens 4, and a pupil of the eye E are provided on an optical path from the eye refractive power measurement light source 1 to the eye E. A central aperture stop 5, which is conjugate with Ep, a perforated mirror 6, light splitting mirrors 7 and 8, and an objective lens 9 are sequentially arranged, and an anterior ocular segment illumination light source 10a is directed toward the eye E in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the objective lens 9. 10b is arranged. The eye refractive power measurement light source 1 emits a light flux including an infrared wavelength and is also used as a transillumination image observation light source. Further, the light splitting mirror 7 has a wavelength splitting property of transmitting the wavelength from the measurement light source 1 and reflecting visible light, and the light splitting mirror 8 reflects and transmits the wavelength from the measurement light source 1 at a certain ratio to make it visible. It has a wavelength division characteristic of transmitting light.

On the optical path in the reflection direction of the perforated mirror 6,
A porous diaphragm 11 having a plurality of openings conjugate with the pupil Ep of the eye E to be inspected, a relay lens 12, a separation prism 13 for separating and deflecting a light beam corresponding to the openings of the porous diaphragm 11, and an image sensor 14 are arranged. There is. A relay lens 16, an internal fixation target 17, and a fixation target illumination light source 18 that are movable along the optical path by a drive motor 15 are arranged on the optical path in the incident direction of the light division mirror 7, and the reflection of the light division mirror 8 is reflected. A lens 19 and an image pickup element 20 are arranged on the optical path in the direction.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the apparatus. A fixed base 22 provided with a face support 21 for fixing the face of the subject S,
The measuring unit 23 for accommodating the optical system shown in FIG.
Operation rod 26 mounted via 4 and equipped with switch 25
By operating the, the measuring unit 23 can be moved back and forth and left and right with respect to the fixed base 22 by the sliding mechanism 24. Further, a reflecting plate 27 having a black and white striped pattern as shown in FIG.
The sensor 28 is provided on the bottom so as to face the reflection plate 27.
A TV monitor 29 is provided in the front. The sensor 28 is provided with two sets of light receiving portions arranged at intervals of ¼ of the striped pattern pitch of the reflection plate 27 and a light source for emitting infrared light.

Further, the fixed base 22 has a built-in control circuit as shown in FIG. 4, and the control means 31 for controlling the entire apparatus is provided at the tip of the operating rod 26 shown in FIG. Switch 25, left and right eye detection unit 3 for eye refraction measurement
2. The respective outputs of the eye model graphic data storage unit 33 and the mark data storage unit 34 which store the data to be output to the television monitor 29 and the outputs of the two light receiving units 28a and 28b of the sensor 28 are connected. The input and output of the moving amount counting means 35 are connected to each other. On the other hand, the output of the control means 31 is connected to the video RAM 36, and the output of the video RAM 36 and the output of the image pickup device 20 shown in FIG. 1 are connected to the television monitor 29 and the recording means 38 via the combining circuit 37. ing.

When aligning the measuring unit 23, the anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a and 10b are turned on. Anterior segment illumination light source 1
The light fluxes from 0a and 10b respectively illuminate the anterior segment of the subject's eye E widely, and the reflected light at the anterior segment passes through the objective lens 9,
The light is reflected downward by the light splitting mirror 8, is imaged by the lens 14 as an anterior segment image on the image sensor 20, is magnified at a predetermined magnification, and is displayed on the television monitor 29. The examiner operates the operation rod 26 while observing the television monitor 29 to move the measurement unit 23, and aligns the eye E to be inspected with the eye refractive power measurement optical system.

When measuring the eye refractive power, a mode selection switch (not shown) is pressed to enter the eye refractive power measuring mode. The eye refractive power measurement light source 1 and the fixation target illumination light source 18 are turned on with a predetermined brightness. The light flux from the fixation target illumination light source 18 illuminates the internal fixation target 17 from behind, passes through the relay lens 16 and is reflected to the left by the light splitting mirror 7, passes through the light splitting mirror 8 and the objective lens 9, and is examined. The internal fixation target 17 is presented on the eye E to be examined by being projected onto the fundus Er of the eye E. The examiner moves the relay lens 16 along the optical path by the drive motor 15 while fixing the image of the internal fixation target 17 to the subject, and adjusts the diopter of the internal fixation target 17 to the refractive power of the eye E to be examined. , And the accommodation force of the eye E to be examined is removed.

On the other hand, the luminous flux emitted from the eye-refractive-power measurement light source 1 illuminates the eye-refraction measurement target 3 by the condenser lens 2, and the relay lens 4, the central aperture stop 5, the perforated mirror 6, and the light splitting mirror 7 are provided. , 8 and the objective lens 9 and projected onto the fundus Er of the eye E to be examined. The reflected light from the fundus Er returns through the same optical path and is reflected downward by the reflecting surface of the perforated mirror 6,
It is divided into a plurality of light fluxes by the porous diaphragm 11, passes through the relay lens 12, is separated and deflected by the separation prism 13, and is received by the image sensor 14. Switch 2 on control rod 26
When 5 is pressed, the received signal of the image sensor 14 is taken into a computer (not shown), the light receiving position of the measurement light beam is analyzed, and the refractive power of the eye E to be inspected is calculated.

To perform the transillumination image observation, a mode selection switch (not shown) is pressed to switch to the transillumination image observation mode. The eye refractive power measurement light source 1 is turned on with a predetermined brightness, and the anterior eye part illumination light sources 10a and 10b and the fixation target illumination light source 18 are dimmed to a predetermined brightness. The anterior ocular segment illumination light sources 10a, 1
0b, the brightness of the fixation target illumination light source 18 can be arbitrarily adjusted by a jog dial (not shown), and may be completely turned off during observation of a transillumination image.

In the transillumination image observation mode, the light flux reflected by the fundus Er of the eye refractive power measuring light source 1 illuminates the inside of the crystalline lens of the eye E to be inspected, then exits from the pupil Ep, and passes through the objective lens 9 to split the light. The light is reflected by the mirror 8, is imaged by the image pickup means 20 as a transillumination image by the lens 19, and is displayed on the television monitor 29.

FIGS. 5, 6, 8 and 9 show the television monitor 2.
9 screens are sequentially illustrated according to the observation procedure. First, the examiner adjusts the light amount of the eye-refractive-power measuring light source 1 with a jog dial (not shown) while observing the television monitor 29 so that the shadow K due to cataract or opacity can be clearly observed, and the operation rod 26 is operated. Then, the measuring unit 23 is moved back and forth to focus the transillumination image. Anterior segment illumination light source 10
Since a and 10b are dimmed, the iris Es of the eye E, the sclera, and the peripheral part of the eye appear dim as shown in FIG. 5, and in the pupil Ep, the fundus of the light source 1 for measuring the eye refractive power. A region Pt that is bright as a whole due to the reflected light and a diseased part K such as a cataract that is dark like a shadow in the region Pt are confirmed.

Further, in the upper left of the screen of the television monitor 29, an eye-inspection display mark for distinguishing the right and left sides of the eye E is displayed.
ME is displayed and "RIGHT" indicates that the eye E to be inspected is the right eye. Further, on the upper right of the television monitor 29, an eye schematic figure F which is a schematic sectional view on a plane including the eye axis is displayed. F1 to f4 of the eye schematic pattern F correspond to the cornea Ec, the iris Es, the crystalline lens, and the fundus Er of the eye E to be inspected, respectively. The eye display mark ME and the eye schematic figure F are generated by being controlled by the control means 31 shown in FIG.

The left and right eye detecting section 32 detects the position of the measuring section 23 in the left and right direction and determines whether the eye E to be inspected is the left eye or the right eye. The control means 31 selects and fetches the data of the eye display mark ME to be inspected from the mark data storage unit 34 based on the detection result from the left and right eye detection unit 32, and further, the eye schematic pattern F from the eye schematic pattern data storage unit 34. Data is captured and output to the video RAM 36. The video RAM 36 creates a bit map signal from the output signal of the control means 31 and outputs it to the synthesizing circuit 37. Synthesis circuit 3
7, the bit map signal and the video signal from the image pickup device 20 are superimposed and output to the television monitor 29, and a transillumination image is displayed together with the eye display mark ME and the eye schematic figure F as shown in FIG. The output signal of the synthesizing circuit 37 is also output to and stored in the recording means 38.

Here, the number of dots in the horizontal direction of the television monitor 29 is 640, and the number of dots from f1 to f4 of the eye schematic figure F is 96. Since the axial length of the human eye is about 24 mm, the eye schematic figure F is 0.25 mm per dot.
There is a resolution of. The thickness of the lens of the human eye is 4.5-
It is about 5.0 mm and the anterior chamber depth is 3.2 to 3.6 mm.
And there are individual differences of about 0.5 mm. Since 0.5 mm corresponds to 2 dots in the eye schematic figure F, the above-mentioned individual differences of the eyes cannot be identified on the screen of the television monitor 29, which is not a practical problem.

When focusing, a portion to be focused beforehand by an origin position setting means (not shown),
Select "iris Es", "cornea Ec", "front of lens", "back of lens", etc. For example, in the origin setting means, the iris
When Es is selected, when the examiner presses the switch 25 after focusing on the iris Es, the control unit 31 causes the observation position instruction mark to instruct f2 of the schematic eye pattern F as shown in FIG. At the same time when the MO is generated, the count value of the movement amount counting means 35 is reset. The movement amount counting means 35 detects the movement amount and movement direction of the measuring unit 23 based on the signals from the light receiving units 28a and 28b of the sensor 28, with the position of the measuring unit 23 at this point as the origin.

The infrared light flux from the light source of the sensor 28 is reflected by the reflection plate 2.
7, the reflected light fluxes thereof are received by the light receiving portions 28a and 28b of the sensor 28, respectively.
28b outputs rectangular pulse signals A and B whose phases are shifted from each other by ½ as shown in FIG. In the movement amount counting means 35, the pulse signal A,
The moving direction of the measuring unit 23 is detected based on the advance / retard of the phase of B, and the moving amount thereof is detected based on the number of pulses,
The detection result is output to the control means 31. Control means 3
1, the moving amount of the measuring unit 23 is converted into the number of bits based on the resolution of the schematic eye pattern F, and the observation position indicating mark MO is moved in the moving direction of the measuring unit 23 by the number of bits. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the transillumination image is focused on the rear side of the lens, the observation position instruction mark MO indicates the rear side of f3 of the eye schematic pattern F.

When the measuring section 23 is moved laterally to switch the eye E to be inspected from the left eye to the right eye, the control means 31 detects this fact, and as shown in FIG. The display is changed to "LEFT" and the observation position indication mark MO is erased because the origin position is different. As for the left eye, as in the case of the right eye, when the iris Es is focused and the switch 25 is pressed, the observation position instruction mark MO is displayed again to indicate f2 as shown in FIG. By doing this,
It is possible not to display the incorrect observation position instruction mark MO.

The screen of the television monitor 29 is recorded in the recording means 38 as a moving image and a still image, and a video printer, a video recorder, a still video recorder or the like is connected to the recording means 38 by an external terminal, and the television monitor 2 is connected.
It is also possible to record the screen of No. 9 or to connect a remote terminal (not shown) and interlock with the switch 25 of the operating rod 26 to record a hard copy of the screen of the TV monitor 29 or a still image by still video. ing. Therefore, since the eye schematic pattern F and the observation position instruction mark MO are recorded in the recording means 38 together with the transillumination image, the observation position of the transillumination image can be easily understood.

Further, although the observation position indicating mark MO is shown by an arrow, it may be a cursor line such as a vertical bar. Alternatively, if the origin position is indicated by a solid line and a broken line that moves along with the measuring unit 23 is newly generated, it is possible to confirm both the reference position and the observation position at the same time.

In this embodiment, it is possible to perform the eye refraction measurement and the transillumination image observation with one light source.
Since the switch 25 is used as a measurement switch for measuring the eye refractive power and a reset switch for inputting the origin of the observation position of the transillumination image, the labor of operation is reduced and the operability is improved. However, it is possible to shorten the time required for observation of the transillumination image.

[0028]

As described above, since the intraocular observation device according to the present invention indicates the observation position by the indication mark on the schematic eye pattern, it is possible to accurately display and record the actual observation position. Intraocular observation can be easily performed.

Further, since the observation position of the intraocular image is represented by the indication mark by the eye schematic diagram, the observation position can be easily understood even by an expert such as the patient or his family. .

Further, if a means for arbitrarily resetting the count value by the counting means is provided, the observation position can be indicated by an instruction mark on the eye schematic diagram after the origin position is determined, and the alignment for setting the origin position can be obtained. Intraocular observation becomes easier because the system becomes unnecessary and such an alignment operation becomes unnecessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an external view.

FIG. 3 is a block circuit configuration diagram of a control circuit.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a reflector.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a screen of a television monitor during transillumination observation.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a screen of a television monitor during transillumination observation.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a pulse signal from the light receiving unit of the sensor.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a screen of a television monitor during transillumination observation.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a screen of a television monitor during transillumination observation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Eye refractive power measurement light source 10a, 10b Anterior ocular segment illumination light source 14, 20 Image sensor 17 Internal fixation target 25 Switch 27 Reflector 28 Sensor 29 Television monitor 35 Moving amount counting unit 38 Storage means

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Illumination means for illuminating the eye to be examined with illumination light,
Imaging means for imaging the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected including the crystalline lens illuminated by the reflected light from the fundus due to the illumination light, and movement amount detection means for detecting the amount of movement of the imaging means in the front-back direction with respect to the eye. A counting means for counting the output of the movement amount detecting means, a display means for displaying a video signal from the image pickup means, an eye schematic pattern generating means for generating an eye schematic pattern on the display section, and the display means. A mark generating means for generating an instruction mark on the display, the instruction mark is displayed at a predetermined position of the eye schematic graphic, and the movement amount information from the counting means is converted into a magnification of the eye schematic graphic to convert the instruction mark. An intraocular observation device comprising: a control unit that appropriately moves a display position. 2. The intraocular observation device according to claim 1, wherein the control means erases the instruction mark in conjunction with switching between the left and right eye detecting means. 3. A reset means for arbitrarily resetting the count value of the counting means, wherein the control means displays the instruction mark at a predetermined position of the eye pattern figure according to the output of the reset means. 1. The intraocular observation device according to 1. 4. The mark generating means generates a reference mark indicating a reference position and an observation position mark indicating an observation position,
After the control means displays the reference mark at a predetermined position of the eye schematic diagram according to the output of the reset means,
The intraocular observation device according to claim 3, wherein the observation position mark is moved in accordance with the magnification of the eye pattern figure according to the movement amount information from the counting means. 5. The intraocular observation device according to claim 1, wherein the illumination unit and the image pickup unit have a function of measuring an eye refractive power. 6. The intraocular observation device according to claim 3, wherein the reset means is a switch means provided on an operating rod for operating the eye to be inspected and the imaging means at the time of alignment.