JPH08111244A - Layer-built battery device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a small-sized layer-built battery having a large capacity which can perform cooling efficiently, by layering heat conveying devices of thin heat pipe type while interposing them between plate-form battery cells. CONSTITUTION: A built-layered battery device 10 is includes a plurality of battery cells 11 in the form of thin plate, a heat conveying device 12 interposed between the battery cells 11, and a battery case 13. The device 12 is fitted internally with thin heat pipes, which are filled with a two-phase condensative working fluid. Thereby the heat generated by the cells 11 can be absorbed efficiently. The case 13 accommodates the cells 11 and device 12 in lamination while the internal pressure of the cells is suppressed to the specified value. As the battery cell 11, a lithium ion battery may be used which is structured so that a separator is interposed between a positive electrode and negative electrode and the periphery is enclosed with an insulative polyester film.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated battery device provided with a plurality of battery cells formed in a thin plate shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A plate-shaped lithium ion battery in which a separator is sandwiched between two electrodes is known. When a plurality of lithium ion batteries are stacked to form a large-capacity (for example, 14 V × 24 = 336 V volt) stacked battery device, it is necessary to efficiently dissipate the heat generated by the lithium ion battery.

For example, a spacer is interposed between two lithium ion batteries facing each other so that the lithium ion batteries are spaced apart from each other, their surfaces are exposed to the atmosphere, and cooling air is circulated through the gaps. It is possible.

However, in the lithium ion battery, it is necessary to regulate the interval between the separators and control the internal pressure of the separator to a desired value, and if a spacer that partially contacts the side surface of the plate-shaped lithium ion battery is interposed, the separator is separated. The internal pressure is partially different, which adversely affects the battery performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated battery device in which a plurality of plate-shaped battery cells are laminated to achieve a large capacity and can be cooled efficiently.

[0006]

1 and 2 showing an embodiment, a laminated battery device according to the present invention comprises a plurality of battery cells 1 formed in a plate shape.
1 and a thin tube heat pipe 123 are formed inside, and are interposed between the plurality of battery cells 11 so as to make surface contact with each other, and absorb heat from the battery cells 11 to radiate heat to the outside. The above-mentioned object is achieved by including 12 and. In the laminated battery device according to claim 2, the thin tube heat pipe according to claim 1 is formed as a loop-shaped thin tube airtight container 123, and the container 123 circulates between the heat receiving portion and the heat radiating portion, and at the heat receiving portion. It is filled with a working fluid that vibrates in the axial direction of the thin tube due to nucleate boiling that occurs. In the laminated battery device according to claim 3, as shown in FIG. 5, the thin tube heat pipe of claim 1 is formed as a non-loop-shaped thin tube airtight container 123A, and in this container 123A, by nucleate boiling generated in the heat receiving part. It is filled with a working fluid that vibrates in the axial direction of the thin tube. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the laminated battery device according to the second or third aspect, the heat transport device 12 includes plate-shaped main bodies 121 and 122 made of oxygen-free copper and having a thin tube airtight container 123 formed therein.
It is configured with an insulating coating material that covers the main body. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the laminated battery device according to the third or fourth aspect, the heat transport device 12 includes a plate-shaped main body made of an insulating material and having a thin tube airtight container 123 formed therein. The laminated battery device according to claim 6 is the same as that according to claim 1.
5 to 5, between the heat transport device 12, the battery cell 1
A spacer 131a (21) that defines a gap is provided so that the pressure of 1 becomes a predetermined value. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the laminated battery device according to the first to sixth aspects,
A spacer portion 131a that defines the interval between the heat transport devices 12 to accommodate the plurality of battery cells 11 at a predetermined interval.
And a heat radiating portion 131 that comes into contact with the heat transporting device 12 and radiates heat from the heat transporting device 12.

[0007]

The heat generated by the plurality of battery cells 11 is generated by the heat transport device 1.
2 is transmitted. The loop type or non-loop type thin tube heat pipe heat transfer device 12 generates heat by the working fluid vibrating in the tube axis direction by circulating the working fluid from the heat receiving portion to the heat radiating portion or by nucleate boiling generated in the heat receiving portion. Transport to heat dissipation part. Therefore, the battery cells 11 are efficiently and uniformly cooled in a planar manner. In the laminated battery device according to claims 4 and 5, the heat transport device 12 itself is insulated, and it is not necessary to insulate the battery cells. In the laminated battery device according to claim 6, the gap of the heat transport device 12 is defined by the spacer 131a (21), and the battery cell 11
The desired battery performance can be exhibited without the pressure of the battery becoming undesirably increased. In the laminated battery device according to the seventh aspect, the plurality of battery cells 11 and the heat transport device 12 are housed in the battery case 13 at a predetermined interval, and the heat is radiated from the heat dissipation portion 131 of the battery case 13.

Incidentally, in the section of means and action for solving the above-mentioned problems for explaining the constitution of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are used to make the present invention easy to understand. It is not limited to.

[0009]

【Example】

First Embodiment FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a laminated battery device for an electric vehicle. The laminated battery device 10 includes a plurality of thin plate-shaped (for example, 7
(4 sheets) Battery cells 11 and a plurality of thin plate-like heats which are interposed so as to make surface contact between the plurality of battery cells 11 and have a thin tube heat pipe formed therein to absorb heat from the battery cells 11. A transport device 12 and a battery case 13 that houses the battery cell 11 and the heat transport device 12 in a stacked manner while suppressing the internal pressure of the battery cell 11 to a predetermined value are provided.

As the battery cell 11, for example, a lithium ion battery in which a separator is interposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode and the peripheral surface is covered with an insulating polyester film can be used. In this case, the size of one lithium-ion battery is, for example, 370 mm in width and 15 in height.
0 mm and the thickness is about 25 mm. As the heat transport device 12, for example, a device utilizing the principle of a metal block type heat transport device as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-260791 can be used. Hereinafter, the heat transport device 12 will be described in more detail.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the heat transport device 12. This heat transport device 12 has two plates 121, 122 made of oxygen-free copper, and the inner surface of one plate 121. A loop type thin tube airtight container 123 is formed by etching or pressing.

The two plates 121 and 122 are laminated on each other and joined by pressing their joint surfaces, and the capillary airtight container 123 is filled with the two-phase condensable working fluid by an appropriate method. Pure water or Freon can be used as the working fluid. The thickness of the two joined plates 121 and 122 is 0.6 to
About 2.0 mm is preferable, and thin tube airtight container 123
The diameter is preferably about 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm in width. The width and height of the plates 121 and 122 depend on the size of the lithium-ion battery, but are approximately 370 mm wide,
The height is about 150 mm.

As will be described later, in the case of this embodiment in which the left and right ends of the heat transport device 12 are in contact with the heat radiating portion 131 of the battery case 13 to form a heat radiating portion, as shown in FIG. Part becomes the heat receiving part RP, and the thin tube airtight container 12
The meandering direction is set as shown so that the left and right folded ends of 3 become the heat radiating portions CP.

The principle of heat transfer by the heat transport device 12 will be described with reference to FIG. When heat is transferred to a part of the heat transport device 12, the thin tube airtight container 1 of the heat receiving part RP thereof.
At 23, nucleate boiling of the working fluid occurs. A pressure wave is generated by this nucleate boiling, and at the same time, a vapor bubble group is generated. A plurality of locations in the central part of the thin tube airtight container 123 serve as heat receiving portions RP, and the interaction of nucleate boiling in these heat receiving portions causes the working fluid to vibrate the loop thin tube airtight container 123 in its axial direction (arrow a). However, it gently circulates in the direction with less resistance (for example, the direction of arrow b). When the working fluid vibrates in the pipe axial direction, the fluid boundary layer generated on the inner surface of the pipe wall and the inner wall of the container are used as a heat medium to generate a severe soaking action in the fluid. Therefore, the received heat quantity is efficiently transported from the high temperature portion to the low temperature portion. This principle is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-190090 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-352.
The detailed description is omitted here because it is disclosed in detail in Japanese Patent Publication No. 39 and has a known principle.

The battery case 13 includes a bottom plate (not shown),
A side plate 131 provided on the bottom plate with a spacer projection 131a which is provided upright by an appropriate means and defines the interval between the battery cells 11.
And a holding plate 132 that stacks and integrates the spacer protrusion 131a, the battery cell 11, and the heat transport device 12, and the holding plate 132, the spacer protrusion 131a, and the heat transport device 1.
2 includes a bolt 133 and a nut 134 that pass through 2 and fasten them together. The thickness of the spacer protrusion 131a is determined so that a predetermined pressure or more does not act on the battery cells 11, and thus desired battery performance is exhibited even when a plurality of plate-shaped lithium ion batteries 11 are stacked and fastened. Although not shown, the battery case 1
Reference numeral 3 includes a battery cover having a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal provided in a protruding manner, and the plurality of battery cells 11 are connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal in parallel or in series, respectively.

Both side surfaces of the spacer protrusion 131a of the side plate 131 are in surface contact with both side surfaces of the end portion of the heat transport device 12, and heat from the heat transport device 12 is transferred from the spacer protrusion 131a to the side plate 131.
The heat of the heat transport device 12 is radiated from the side plate 131. That is, the portion of the heat transport device 12 that contacts the side plate 131 functions as the heat dissipation portion CP (FIG. 3). Therefore, when this laminated battery device is used in an automobile or an electric device, it is necessary to determine the arrangement of the battery devices so that the side plate 131 can be efficiently air-cooled. Further, it is desirable to install the bottom plate of the battery case 13 so as to make surface contact with a portion having a good heat transfer coefficient, for example, the body of an automobile.

In such a laminated battery device, the amount of heat generated from each battery cell 11 is received by the corresponding portion of the heat transport device 12 in surface contact. Heat transport device 1
A thin tube airtight container 123 filled with a two-phase condensed working fluid is provided inside 2, and nucleate boiling of the working fluid occurs in the heat receiving portion RP thereof as described above. The heat receiving portion appears at a plurality of points of the thin tube airtight container 123, nucleate boiling occurs at a plurality of points, and vibration of the working fluid between the heat receiving section RP and the heat receiving section RP in the axial direction of the tube occurs. Is the heat receiving part R
The amount of heat is moved from P to the heat dissipation portion CP. The efficiency of heat transfer due to the circulation of working fluid deteriorates as the pipe diameter decreases due to the increase in pressure loss inside the pipe, but the efficiency of heat transfer due to axial vibration causes vibration due to the decrease in the mass of the fluid to be vibrated. Due to the ease of the tube becomes better as the tube becomes thinner.

Therefore, if such a heat transport device is used, a cooling device having a small size and a large cooling capacity can be obtained. Therefore, even if it is arranged between a plurality of lithium ion batteries, the size of the battery device is large. It is possible to provide a small-sized and large-capacity battery that is not so large.

-Second Embodiment- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the laminated battery device according to the present invention. In FIG. 4, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description will be focused on the difference.

In the second embodiment, the battery case is not used, the cylindrical spacer 21 is interposed between the heat transporting devices 12, and the heat transporting device 12 is used as a strength member, so that the battery cell 11 and the heat transporting device 12 are formed. The laminated body of is fastened to the vehicle body BD, for example, with bolts 133. Heat transport device 12
Is radiated from the portion in contact with the body BD, is also transmitted from the cylindrical spacer 21 to the vehicle body BD via the bolts 133, and is further transmitted from the left and right upper peripheral surfaces of the heat transport device 12 to the surrounding atmosphere. Is also dissipated.

Also in the second embodiment as described above, since the loop type thin pipe heat pipe is used as the heat transport device 12, heat transport by gentle circulation of the working fluid in the loop,
It is possible to provide highly efficient cooling by utilizing heat transport due to vibration of the working fluid in the tube axis direction, and to provide a small-sized and large-capacity stacked battery device.

-Modification- A thin tube airtight container formed inside a heat transport device is of a loop type in which a working fluid circulates.
As shown in FIG. 5 disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 51189,
The same effect can be obtained with a heat transport device using a non-loop type thin tube airtight container 123A in which both ends of the thin tube container are closed. Although the lithium-ion battery 11 is covered with an insulating polyester film for insulation, the heat-transporting device 12 may be made of an insulating material such as ceramics to be insulated, and the covering material of the lithium-ion battery 11 may be formed of a non-insulating material. Good. Plate-shaped battery cells other than the lithium-ion battery may be used.

[0023]

As described above in detail, according to the laminated battery device of the present invention, since the thin tube heat pipe type heat transport device is interposed between the plate-shaped battery cells to be laminated, it is small in size. The heat transport device can cool the battery cells with high efficiency, and a small-sized and large-capacity stacked battery device can be provided. Further, it is more effective to use a heat transport device filled with a working fluid that circulates in the thin tube airtight container or vibrates in the tube axis direction to perform a heat transport action.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a laminated battery device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a heat transport device of the stacked battery device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a heat transport device in which a loop type thin tube airtight container is formed.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the laminated battery device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a heat transport device in which a non-loop type thin tube airtight container is formed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Laminated Battery Device 11 Battery Cell 12 Heat Transport Device 13 Battery Case 21 Spacer 121, 122 Plate 123, 123A Capillary Airtight Container 131 Side Plate 131a Spacer Projection 132 Holding Plate 133 Bolt 134 Nut

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of battery cells formed in a plate shape and a thin tube heat pipe are formed inside, and the plurality of battery cells are interposed so as to come into surface contact with each other, so that heat from the battery cells is removed. A laminated battery device, comprising: a plurality of plate-shaped heat transport devices that absorb heat and radiate heat to the outside. 2. The stacked battery device according to claim 1, wherein the thin tube heat pipe is formed as a loop-shaped thin tube airtight container, and the container receives the heat while circulating between the heat receiving section and the heat radiating section. A stack type battery device characterized by being filled with a working fluid vibrating in the axial direction of a thin tube due to nucleate boiling generated in the section. 3. The laminated battery device according to claim 1, wherein the thin tube heat pipe is formed as a non-loop-shaped thin tube airtight container, and the container vibrates in the axial direction of the thin tube due to nucleate boiling generated in the heat receiving portion. A stacked battery device, which is filled with a working fluid. 4. The laminated battery device according to claim 2, wherein the heat transport device is made of oxygen-free copper and has a plate-shaped main body in which the thin tube airtight container is formed, and an insulating coating that covers the main body. And a laminated battery device. 5. The laminated battery device according to claim 2, wherein the heat transport device includes a plate-shaped body made of an insulating material and having the thin tube airtight container formed therein. Battery device. 6. The laminated battery device according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between each of the plurality of heat transport devices so that the pressure of the battery cell becomes a predetermined value. A stack type battery device, characterized in that a spacer for defining the above is provided. 7. The stacked battery device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of spacers define an interval between the heat transport devices to accommodate the battery cells at a predetermined interval. A laminated battery device, comprising: a battery case having a portion and a heat dissipation portion that comes into contact with the heat transportation device to radiate heat from the heat transportation device.