JPH08110183A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a heat exchanger which is easy in manufacturing, excellent in the thermal efficiency, and difficult in generating the stress fracture. CONSTITUTION: An inner body 2 is concentrically arranged in an outer body 1 in the condition where the prescribed clearance is provided between the inner circumferential surface of the outer body 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the inner body 2, and both end openings of the inner body 2 are covered by a tube plate 3. A heat transfer tube 4 is pierced in the inner body 2 in the supported condition by the tube plates 3, a liquid inlet tube 5 and a liquid outlet tube 6 are projected from the inner body 2, a fitting hole is made in part of the outer body 1 opposite to the liquid inlet tube 5 and the liquid outlet tube 6, and the liquid inlet tube 5 and the liquid outlet tube 6 are fixed by a fixing means provided in each fitting hole.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, shell-and-tube heat exchangers are often used as condensers and heaters. This shell-and-tube heat exchanger is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, a shell (shell) 21, a tube plate 22 that is welded and fixed to both end openings of the body 21 to close the both end openings, and a large number of heat transfer tubes (tubes) installed on both tube plates 22. ) 23, the body 21 has a fluid introduction pipe 24 connected to one end side thereof and a fluid discharge pipe 25 connected to the other end side thereof. Then, the fluid A introduced from the fluid introduction pipe 24 is heat-exchanged with the fluid B passing through the heat transfer pipe 23 until it passes through the body 21 and is led out from the fluid outlet pipe 25. In such a heat exchanger,
Due to the temperature difference between the fluid A passing through the body 21 and the fluid B passing through the heat transfer tube 23, a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the body 21 and the heat transfer tube 23. It is necessary to attach an expansion joint (not shown) to the above structure to absorb the difference in thermal expansion. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 26 denotes the body 2.
1 and 2 are flanges that are provided around the openings at both ends.
Reference numeral 8 is a pipe body connected to the body 21. Both tubes 2
7, 28 are bolts (not shown) on the flange 26 of the body 21
It has been stopped. Further, 29 and 30 are pipes connected to the fluid introducing pipe 24 or the fluid outlet pipe 25 by bolts (not shown).

[0003]

However, in the above structure, when the heat transfer pipe 23 is attached (or replaced), the fluid introduction pipe 24 and the fluid extraction pipe 25 are attached to the pipes 29 and 30 connected thereto (or. It is necessary to perform the work of removing and the work of attaching (or removing) the body 21 to both pipes 27 and 28, and the work of attaching (or removing) the body 21 to both pipes 27 and 28 is troublesome. There is a problem. Moreover, in the case where the heat transfer tube 23 is directly attached to the body 21 via the tube plate 22, its manufacture (processing) is difficult, and as described above, stress fracture due to the difference in thermal expansion easily occurs. is there. Further, since a part of the heat quantity of the fluid passing through the body 21 is transmitted to the outside through the outer peripheral portion 21a of the body 21, there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is poor. Besides, the body 21
When the temperature of the fluid B passing through the heat transfer tube 23 is increased by passing the heating liquid as the fluid A into the inside, in order to prevent the heat radiation from the outer peripheral portion 21a of the body 21, the temperature around the body 21 must be kept special. There is also the problem of not becoming.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a heat exchanger having excellent advantages such as easy manufacture (processing), good thermal efficiency, and less likely to cause stress fracture. And

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the heat exchanger of the present invention has an inner shell inside an outer shell,
The axial direction of the outer cylinder is arranged along the axial direction of the outer cylinder, and a predetermined gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder. Both end openings of the inner case are closed by tube sheets, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes are installed so as to extend through the inner case while being installed on both tube sheets, and a fluid for heat exchange is introduced into the inner case. The fluid introduction pipe and the fluid derivation pipe for deriving the fluid for heat exchange from the inner case, projecting from the inner case, and mounting holes are respectively formed in the outer case parts facing the fluid derivation pipe and the fluid introduction pipe. The distal end portion of the fluid outlet pipe and the distal end portion of the fluid inlet pipe are projected from the respective mounting holes, and fixing means are provided in the both mounting holes or in the vicinity thereof. It is configured to be detachably fixed by a fixing means.

[0006]

That is, according to the present invention, the inner case is arranged inside the outer case with the axial direction of the inner case being along the axial direction of the outer case, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner case and the outer case. A predetermined gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface. Then, while closing the openings at both ends of the inner body with the tube sheet,
A plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged so as to extend through both tube plates so as to penetrate through the inside of the inner case. Further, a fluid introduction pipe for introducing a fluid for heat exchange into the inner barrel and a fluid introduction pipe for leading out a fluid for heat exchange from the inner barrel are projected from the inner barrel, and the fluid outlet pipe and the fluid inlet pipe are provided. Mounting holes are formed in the outer body portion facing each other, and the distal end portions of the fluid outlet pipe and the fluid inlet pipe are projected from the mounting holes, and fixing means are provided in the both mounting holes or in the vicinity thereof. The fluid outlet pipe and the fluid inlet pipe are detachably fixed by the fixing means. In such a heat exchanger, a part of the fluid flowing from one end opening of the outer case passes through a plurality of heat transfer tubes provided in the inner case, and the other parts are in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer case and the inner case. Through the gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder and the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder. In addition, when installing the heat transfer tube, first remove one end of the outer case from the tube connected to it, and then insert the inner case into the outer case from the opening at the one end of the outer case. The fluid introducing pipe and the fluid introducing pipe are positioned in the respective mounting holes of the outer case, and then the fluid introducing pipe and the fluid introducing pipe are detachably fixed by the fixing means. On the other hand, when replacing the heat transfer tube, first, remove one end of the outer case from the tube body connected to it, then release the fixing means, and then
The inner cylinder is removed from the opening at one end of the outer cylinder.

As described above, in the heat exchanger of the present invention, when the heat transfer tubes are attached or replaced,
It can be performed with only one end of the outer case removed,
That task becomes very easy. Moreover, since the outer case and the inner case provided with the heat transfer tube are separate, the manufacturing (processing) is easy, and the stress fracture due to the difference in thermal expansion hardly occurs. Further, the fluid passing through the outer shell and the fluid passing through the inner shell are not only heat-exchanged not only through the heat transfer tubes of the inner shell, but also through the outer peripheral portion of the inner shell, so that thermal efficiency is improved. Will be very good. Moreover, when heating fluid is passed through the outer cylinder to raise the temperature of the fluid passing through the inner cylinder,
Since the outer peripheral portion of the inner case is kept warm by the heating liquid passing through the outer case, there is no need to specially keep the temperature around the case 21 as in the conventional example.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments.

[0009]

1 and 2 are sectional views of a horizontal heat exchanger showing an embodiment of the present invention. In these figures, 1
Is an outer body (corresponding to a shell in the conventional example) formed in a cylindrical shape, and flanges 1a are provided around the openings at the left and right ends thereof. Further, the outer case 1 is provided with mounting holes 10 as shown in FIG. 3 in the upper left end portion and the lower right end portion thereof, and each mounting hole 10 is provided with a fixing means. This fixing means includes a tap flange 11 having a through hole 11a formed in the center and a pair of left and right screw holes 11b formed on the outer surface, and an annular packing 12.
And a flange 13 with a socket in which a screw hole 13a is formed in the center and bolt insertion holes 13b are formed on the left and right thereof,
2 to engage with both screw holes 11b of the tap flange 11
Consisting of individual mounting bolts 14, the tap flange 11 is welded to the inner peripheral surface of each mounting hole 10 of the outer case 1,
Fixed. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 is a pair of support legs that support the outer case 1.

A cylindrical inner cylinder 2 is disposed inside the outer cylinder 1 concentrically with the outer cylinder 1. Tube plates 3 are welded and fixed to the inner body 2 at the openings at the left and right ends thereof so as to close each of the openings. 4 are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the inner case 2. Further, a liquid introduction pipe 5 for introducing the liquid A into the inner case 2 is attached to the inner case 2 at a portion of an outer wall corresponding to a mounting hole 10 formed in an upper left end portion of the outer case 1. At the same time, the liquid outlet pipe 6 for discharging the liquid A from the inner barrel 2 to the outside is attached to a portion of the outer wall corresponding to the mounting hole 10 formed in the lower right end portion of the outer barrel 1. Each of the liquid introduction pipe 5 and the liquid discharge pipe 6 has a threaded portion 5 at its tip end that engages with the central screw hole 13a of the flange 13 with a socket.
a and 6a are formed.

The inner case 2 can be attached to the outer case 1 in the following manner. That is, first, the inner case 2 is positioned on the front side of the one end opening of the outer case 1, and then the inner case 2 is inserted into the outer case 1 while moving in the front-rear, left-right, and circumferential directions. 5 outer shell 1
The liquid outlet pipe 6 is positioned in the mounting hole 10 in the left end upper part of the outer shell 1 and in the mounting hole 10 in the right end lower part of the outer case 1. In this state, the tips of the liquid introduction pipe 5 and the liquid discharge pipe 6 slightly project from the outer surface of the tap flange 11 of the outer case 1. Next, the tip of the liquid introducing pipe 5 is inserted into the central hole of the packing 12 and placed on the upper side of the tap flange 11, and in this state, the threaded portion 13a of the flange 13 with a socket is attached to the tip of the liquid introducing pipe 5. The screw portion 5a is screwed, and the screw portion 13a of the socket-equipped flange 13 is positioned in the screw hole 11b of the tap flange 11. Next, the mounting bolt 14
Is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 13b of the flange 13 with a socket, and is screwed into the screw hole 11b of the tap flange 11. Similarly, the liquid outlet tube 6 is screwed to the flange 13 with a socket. When connecting the pipes 7 and 8 to the outer case 1 to which the inner case 2 is attached in this manner, the pipes 7 and 8 are connected to the threaded portion 13a of the flange 13 with a socket.
The tip screw portions 7a and 8a of the above are screwed.

On the other hand, when replacing the inner case 2 attached in this way, first, one end of the outer case 1 is detached from a pipe body (not shown) connected thereto. Then, the mounting bolt 14 is removed from the tap flange 11. Next,
When the flange 13 with a socket is loosened, the flange 13 with a socket moves the threaded end portions 7a and 8a of the pipes 7 and 8 and is disengaged from the liquid introduction pipe 5 and the liquid discharge pipe 6. after that,
A finger is inserted from one end opening portion of the outer torso 1, and the inner torso 2 is operated while being held by the finger and taken out to the outside.

In the above structure, the liquid A is the liquid introducing pipe 5
After being introduced from the inside to the inside cylinder 2, the liquid passes through the inside of the inside cylinder 2 and is discharged to the outside from the liquid discharge pipe 6. On the other hand, the liquid B flows in through one end opening of the outer case 1, part of which passes through the 14 heat transfer tubes 4 provided in the inner case 2, and the other part of the liquid B and the inner case of the outer case 1 and the inner case 2. 2 passes through the gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the outer shell 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer shell 2 and flows out from the opening at the other end of the outer shell 1. Therefore, the liquid A and the liquid B are heat-exchanged through the 14 heat transfer tubes 4 provided in the inner case 2, and also through the outer wall of the inner case 2.

As described above, in the above embodiment, when the heat transfer tube 4 is attached or replaced, only one end portion of the outer case 1 can be removed. Moreover, since the outer case 1 and the inner case 2 are separate from each other, manufacturing (processing) is easy, and stress fracture due to a difference in thermal expansion hardly occurs. Further, the liquid A passing through the inner cylinder 1 and the liquid B passing through the outer cylinder 1 are not only heat-exchanged via the heat transfer tube 4, but also heat-exchanged via the outer peripheral portion of the inner cylinder 2. Therefore, the thermal efficiency becomes very good. Moreover, when the temperature of the liquid A passing through the inside of the inner case 2 is increased by passing the heated liquid through the outer case 1, the outer peripheral portion of the inner case 2 is kept warm by the heating liquid.

4 and 5 show another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger is a vertical heat exchanger, and the outer shell 1 is formed shorter than the inner shell 2. Further, the liquid lead-out pipe 16 is formed in a substantially L shape, and the upper end opening of the L-shaped vertical side portion 16a is the inner cylinder 2.
Is opened at the upper end portion of the inner side body 2 and the lateral side portion 16b projects from the position near the liquid introduction pipe 5 to the outside of the inner case 2. In the figure, reference numeral 17 denotes a steady rest member provided on the upper outer wall of the inner case 2, and the steady rest member 17 is secured to a stopper 28a provided on a tubular body 28. Further, reference numeral 18 is a support projectingly provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer case 1 to prevent the inner case 2 from falling. The other parts are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, when the tubular body 19 is removed from the outer case 1, the inner case 2 projects upward from the outer case 1, so that when the inner case 2 is attached or replaced, the work described above is performed. It becomes easier than the embodiment.

The technique shown in FIG. 1 may be used for a vertical heat exchanger.

[0018]

As described above, according to the heat exchanger of the present invention, when attaching or replacing the heat transfer tube, it is possible to perform the operation with only one end portion of the outer case removed. Becomes very easy. Moreover, since the outer case and the inner case provided with the heat transfer tube are separate, manufacturing (processing) is easy, and stress fracture due to thermal expansion difference hardly occurs. Further, the fluid passing through the outer shell and the fluid passing through the inner shell are not only heat-exchanged not only through the heat transfer tubes of the inner shell, but also through the outer peripheral portion of the inner shell, so that thermal efficiency is improved. Will be very good. Moreover, when the temperature of the fluid passing through the inner cylinder is increased by passing the heating liquid through the outer cylinder, the outer peripheral portion of the inner cylinder is kept warm by the heating liquid passing through the outer cylinder.
Unlike the conventional example, there is no need to specially keep the circumference of the body 21 warm.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of a heat exchanger of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a main part of the heat exchanger.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a fixing means.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the other embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Outer Body 2 Inner Body 3 Tube Plate 4 Heat Transfer Tube 5 Liquid Inlet Pipe 5a Screw Part 6 Liquid Outlet Pipe 6a Screw Part 10 Mounting Hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inner cylinder is disposed inside the outer cylinder, with its axial center aligned with the axial direction of the outer cylinder, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder. A gap is provided between the inner shell and the inner shell, and both end openings of the inner shell are closed by tube plates, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes are installed so as to extend through the inner shell while being installed on both tube plates. A fluid introduction pipe for introducing a heat exchange fluid to the inner cylinder and a fluid discharge pipe for discharging a heat exchange fluid from the inner cylinder to project from the inner cylinder, and the fluid discharge pipe and the fluid introduction pipe. Mounting holes are formed in the outer shell portion facing the pipe, and the tip of the fluid outlet pipe and the tip of the fluid inlet pipe are projected from the respective mounting holes, and fixing means is provided in the both mounting holes or in the vicinity thereof. Is provided, and the fluid outlet pipe and the fluid inlet pipe are detachably fixed by the respective fixing means. A heat exchanger characterized by that.