JPH08103048A - Rotating electric machine, and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve durability and assembly property by elongating the effective length of a brush, in a rotating electric machine equipped with a commutator, which is provided at the rotating shaft adjacently to the rotor arranged coaxially within a yoke, and a brush which is energized with a spring in the direction of sliding on the commutator and also is born by a housing, with its shifting in the diametrical direction of the rotating shaft enabled. CONSTITUTION: A housing 1 is provided with a guide hole 30, wherein a brush 16 is set slidably, and a retaining hole 32 which has a slit extending in the radical direction of the rotary shaft through the guide hole 30, with its outer end open, and a stopper 36 positioned at the outer end in the radial direction of the slit, and a torsion spring 37, whose one end can be switched between the condition where it locks to a stopper 36 and the condition where it is locked to the brush 16 from a slit and whose other end is locked to the housing 1, is arranged at one side of the retaining cylinder 32.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a housing having a cylindrical yoke, a rotary shaft rotatably supported by the housing, and a rotor provided on the rotary shaft and concentrically arranged in the yoke. The present invention relates to a rotating electric machine including a commutator provided adjacent to the rotor on a rotating shaft, and a brush that is spring-biased in a direction in which the rotating shaft is in sliding contact with the commutator and is supported by a housing so as to be movable in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, such a rotary electric machine is known from, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-123655.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional device, the insulating substrate fixed to the housing and the support plate fixed to the insulating substrate are fitted with the outer ends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft closed. A brush formed in a fitting hole and slidably fitted in the fitting hole is urged in a direction of sliding contact with the commutator by a spring interposed between the fitting hole and the closed end of the fitting hole.

According to such a conventional structure, since the space for disposing the spring must be secured between the brush and the closed end of the fitting hole, the effective length of the brush is limited and the life of the brush is limited. Cannot be secured sufficiently. Also, when assembling the rotating electrical machine, the rotating shaft must be assembled to the bracket with the spring and brush housed in the fitting holes, and the brush is assembled in the state of being urged inward in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. Since it is necessary to attach the brush to the fitting hole against the spring force while assembling it to the bracket of the rotary shaft, the assembling work is complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electric machine in which the effective length of the brush is increased to improve the durability and the assembling property. .

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a guide hole is provided in a housing along a radial direction of a rotary shaft for slidably fitting a brush.
A holding cylinder having a slit that extends in the radial direction of the rotary shaft through the guide hole and has an outer end open and a stopper located at the outer end of the slit along the radial direction is provided, and one end of the holding cylinder is used as the stopper. A torsion spring for switching between the locked state and the state of engaging the brush from the slit and locking the other end with the housing is disposed on one side of the holding cylinder.

[0007]

[Operation] According to the above configuration, the spring force acting inward in the radial direction of the rotating shaft acts on the brush fitted in the guide hole with one end of the torsion spring locked to the stopper. If the rotary shaft is assembled to the housing in this state without doing so, the operation of pushing the brush against the spring force is not required and the assembly becomes easy. When one end of the torsion spring is removed from the stopper after the above assembly is completed, one end of the torsion spring enters the guide hole from the slit and engages with the brush, and the brush moves inward in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. It is elastically urged and slides into contact with the commutator. Therefore, it is sufficient to secure a space corresponding to one end of the torsion spring at the outer position of the brush along the radial direction of the rotation axis, and therefore, the effective length of the brush can be made relatively long. Becomes

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on an embodiment of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In addition, this embodiment shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a DC motor.

1 is a vertical sectional side view of a DC motor, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is FIG.
3-3 line sectional view, FIG. 4 is a front view of the bracket, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG.
7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 4, FIG. 8 is a front view of the support plate,
9 is a side view of the torsion spring in a natural state, and FIG. 10 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 10 in FIG.

First, in FIG. 1, a housing 1 of a DC electric motor as a rotary electric machine is formed by connecting a bracket 4 to the other end of a yoke 3 which is integrally formed with a bracket 2 at one end and is formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom. . A pair of magnets 5 are fixed to the inner surface of the yoke 2 at positions facing each other on one diameter line.

A rotor 8 is concentrically arranged inside the magnet 5. This rotor 8 is composed of the brackets 2, 4
Is provided on a rotary shaft 11 which is rotatably supported via a self-aligning metal 9 and a bearing 10, and an iron core 12 fixed to the rotary shaft 11 and an insulating material 13.
And a coil 14 wound around the iron core 12 via
A commutator 15 is provided on the rotating shaft 11 on the bracket 4 side and adjacent to the rotor 8.

Referring also to FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of brushes 16, 16 slidingly contacting the commutator 15 is slidably contacting the bracket 4 with the commutator 15 at the inner end of the rotary shaft 11 in the radial direction. It is arranged so as to be movable in the radial direction by being biased by a spring in the direction of movement.

4 to 7, the bracket 4 is made of synthetic resin and has a cylindrical shape with a bottom. A hole 17 for fitting the outer ring of the bearing 10 is formed on the inner surface of the closed end of the bracket 4. The cylindrical portion 18 is the housing 1
Is provided integrally with the inner side of the bulge. The inner end surface of the cylindrical portion 18 has a pair of locking projections 19 and 19 on its diameter line.
Are integrally projected, and the locking projections 19 and 19 are substantially L
It is formed in a letter shape. Further, on a diameter line of the cylindrical portion 18 which is orthogonal to a straight line connecting the both locking projections 19, 19, a horizontal cross section U of which the inner side of the housing 1, that is, the rotor 8 side is opened is substantially U.
A pair of letter-shaped brush holding portions 20, 20 are integrally provided on the bracket 4. These brush holders 20, 2
No. 0 extends along the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 with the inner end along the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 being near the inner surface of the hole 17 and the outer end being near the inner surface of the bracket 4. is there.

On the inner surface of the bracket 4 close to the open end, a step portion 21, which extends over a range of approximately 180 degrees, is preferably discontinuous at a position corresponding to the brush holding portions 20, 20.
21 is provided facing the inner side of the housing 1,
The steps 21, 21 are set to have the same positions along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 11 for the tips of the locking projections 19, 19 and the tips of the brush holders 20, 20.

The bracket 4 is located on one diameter line of the cylindrical portion 18 at a position deviated from the brush holding portions 20, 20 by 45 degrees.
A pair of receiving portions 22 and 22 that are flush with the step portions 21 and 21 are provided from the inner side surface of the so as to project radially inward.
From the inner surface of the bracket 4 on one diameter line of the cylindrical portion 18 orthogonal to the straight line connecting the receiving portions 22, 22, at a position corresponding to the end face of the cylindrical portion 18 and the intermediate portion between the step portions 21 and 21. A pair of receiving surfaces 23 extending inward in the radial direction,
23 is provided. Moreover, screw holes 24, 24 are formed in both the receiving portions 22, 22, and the receiving surfaces 23, 23 are
Pins 25, 25 are planted in this.

The bracket 4 has the locking projections 19 and 1 attached thereto.
9, the tip of the brush holding portions 20, 20, the step portion 2
The support plate 26 shown in FIG. 8 is fixed so as to come into contact with the 1, 21 and the receiving portions 22, 22. This support plate 2
A pair 6 has an outer periphery that can be fitted in the bracket 4 and is formed into an approximately C-shape by an insulating material. The pair of screw members 27, 27 screwed into the screw holes 24, 24 of the bracket 4 are inserted. Through holes 28, 28 and the pin 2 of the bracket 4
A pair of through holes 29, 29 for inserting the holes 5, 25 are provided. By inserting the pins 25, 25 into the through holes 29, 29, the relative position of the support plate 26 with respect to the bracket 4 is determined, and in that state, the support plate 26 and the pair of terminal plates 40, 40 are engaged. The screw members 27, 27 are screwed into the screw holes 24, 24, whereby the support plate 26 is fixed to the bracket 4.

By fixing the support plate 26 to the bracket 4, the support plate 26 and the two brush holding portions 20, 20 constitute a pair of holding cylinders 32, 32.
The holding cylinders 32, 32 communicate with the guide hole 30 extending in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 so that the brush 16 can be slidably fitted, and the side portion of the guide hole 30 on the bin 25 side. A slit 34 extending in the radial direction of 11 and having an outer end open is provided, and a stopper 36 located at the outer end of the slit 34 along the radial direction.

The guide holes 30, 30 are formed in a quadrangular cross section with both ends open in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11. That is, since the brushes 16 and 16 are formed in a quadrangular cross section, the guide holes 30 and 30 are also formed to have a cross section corresponding to the brushes 16 and 16. Insertion holes 31 and 31 extending in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 and having outer ends closed are provided at positions corresponding to the brush holding portions 20 and 20 of the support plate 26, respectively. Thus, the lead wires 33, 33 connected to the terminal plates 40, 40 are inserted into the guide holes 30, 30 from the insertion holes 31, 31 and connected to the brushes 16, 16. Further, cords 38, 38 are connected to the terminal boards 40, 40, and these cords 38, 38 are pulled out from the bracket 4 to the outside.

The brush holder 2 along the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 11.
Notches 35 for forming the slits 34 in cooperation with the support plate 26 are provided on one side of each of 0 and 20,
At the outer ends of the cutouts 35 along the radial direction, projections that project toward the support plate 26 for forming the stoppers 36 are provided.

The torsion spring 3 is attached to the pins 25, 25 on one side of both brush holding portions 20, 20 along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 11.
7, 37 are wound and supported, and one end of each of the torsion springs 37, 37 can switch between a state in which the stopper 36 is engaged and a state in which the slit 34 is engaged with the brush 16. , And each torsion spring 37, 3
The other end of 7 is locked to the locking projections 19, 19 of the bracket 4.

9 and 10, the torsion spring 3
Reference numeral 7 denotes a winding portion 37a formed by winding a spring element wire into a cylindrical shape to be fitted into the pin 25, and a pair of straight line portions 37b and 37b extending from both ends of the winding portion 37a in a direction intersecting with each other.
And hook portions 37c and 37c provided at the tips of the straight portions 37b and 37b, respectively. Thus, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, both linear portions 37b, 37b are in a natural state where no external force is applied to the torsion spring 37.
Are parallel to each other, the hook portions 37c are respectively formed so as to bend in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the winding portion 37a and inclined at an angle α with respect to a plane including the straight portion 37b. Yes, both hooks 37c, 37c
Are inclined in a direction in which they approach each other toward the tip side with respect to the straight portions 37b, 37b.

In the torsion springs 37, 37, one hook portion 37c is switched and engaged with the stopper 36 and the brush 16, and the other hook portion 37c is engaged with the locking projection 1.
9 will be locked. Moreover, since the hook portion 37c is inclined with respect to the linear portion 37b as described above, the hook portion 37c is engaged with the stopper 36 more reliably. A V-shaped engaging groove 16a for engaging the hook portion 37c is provided at the rear end of the brush 16 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11.

By the way, the brush holder 2 is provided on the support plate 26 between the brush holders 20, 20 and the pins 25, 25.
Operation holes 39, 3 extending long along the longitudinal direction of 0, 20
9 is provided, and a rod-shaped tool such as a screwdriver is inserted through the operation holes 39, 39 to twist the torsion springs 37, 3
By operating the hook portions 37c, 37c of No. 7, the engagement state of the hook portions 37c, 37c with the stoppers 36, 36 is released, and the hook portions 37c, 37c are attached to the brush 1.
It is possible to switch to the engagement state of the rear end of 6,16.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When assembling the DC motor, first, the bracket 4 is used.
On the side, the brushes 16, 1 are attached to the brush holders 20, 20.
6 are respectively inserted, and the torsion springs 37, 37 are inserted.
Is wound around the pins 25, 25, and is supported by both hook portions 37c,
37c is locked to the locking projection 19 and the stopper 36 respectively, and the support plate 26 is fixed to the bracket 4. On the other hand, the rotor 8 and the commutator 15 are attached to the rotary shaft 11.
Are assembled respectively, and the rotary shaft 11 is assembled to the bracket 4 via the bearing 10.

When the assembly of the rotary shaft 11 to the bracket 4 is completed, the two torsion springs 37, 37 are attached to the brushes 16, 16 respectively.
Do not engage the rear end of the
Is not biased in the direction of sliding contact with the commutator 15, the rotating shaft 11 can be easily assembled to the bracket 4 without pushing the brushes 16 and 16 against the spring force. The attaching operation becomes easy.

After the rotary shaft 11 is attached to the bracket 4, a tool is inserted from the operation holes 39, 39 to attach the hook portions 37c, 37c of the torsion springs 37, 37 to the stopper 3.
6 and 36, and then the torsion spring 3
One end of 7, 37 extends from the slits 34, 34 to the guide hole 30,
30 and engages with the rear ends of the brushes 16, 16,
The brushes 16 and 16 are biased in the direction in which they come into sliding contact with the commutator 15.

Moreover, the torsion springs 37, 37 are provided on the rotary shaft 1.
1 along the circumferential direction of the pin 1 of the brush holder 20, 20
It is arranged on the 5, 25 side, and at the outer position of the brushes 16, 16 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11, it is sufficient to secure a space corresponding to one end of the torsion springs 37, 37. Therefore, the effective length of the brushes 16, 16 can be made relatively long to improve the durability.

Further, since the support plate 26 is formed in a substantially U shape, the support plate 26 released from the fixed state with the bracket 4 in a state where the rotary shaft 11 is supported by the bracket 4 via the bearing 10. Can be removed in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 to open the brush holders 20, 20, and the rotor 8 can be supported by the bracket 4 only by releasing the connection between the yoke 3 and the bracket 4. It is possible to easily replace the brushes 16, 16 as they are.

In the above embodiments, the holding cylinder 32 is formed by the brush holding portion 20 which is integral with the bracket 4 and the support plate 26 which is fixed to the bracket 4, but the holding cylinder may be integral, or The structure for fixing the holding cylinder to the housing does not matter.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the operation of pushing the brush against the spring force is unnecessary by assembling the rotary shaft to the bracket with one end of the torsion spring locked to the stopper. As a result, the assembly can be facilitated, and the brush can be elastically urged toward the commutator by removing one end of the torsion spring from the stopper and engaging the brush. Moreover, it is sufficient to secure a space corresponding to one end of the torsion spring at the outer position of the brush along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and the effective length of the brush can be made relatively long to improve durability. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a DC motor showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a bracket.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG.

7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a support plate.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the torsion spring in a natural state.

FIG. 10 is a view on arrow 10 of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Housing 3 Yoke 8 Rotor 11 Rotating Shaft 15 Commutator 16 Brush 30 Guide Hole 32 Holding Tube 34 Slit 36 Stopper 37 Torsion Spring

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 23, 1995

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Document name] Statement

Title: Rotating electric machine and method for assembling the same

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a housing having a cylindrical yoke, a rotary shaft rotatably supported by the housing, and a rotor provided on the rotary shaft and concentrically arranged in the yoke. rotating electric machine and comprises a commutator provided on the rotary shaft adjacent the rotor, and a brush is supported in the housing as possible to move along the radial direction of the rotating shaft while being spring-biased in a direction in sliding contact with the commutator The assembly method is related.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, such a rotary electric machine is known from, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-123655.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional device, the insulating substrate fixed to the housing and the support plate fixed to the insulating substrate are fitted with the outer ends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft closed. A brush formed in a fitting hole and slidably fitted in the fitting hole is urged in a direction of sliding contact with the commutator by a spring interposed between the fitting hole and the closed end of the fitting hole.

According to such a conventional structure, since the space for disposing the spring must be secured between the brush and the closed end of the fitting hole, the effective length of the brush is limited and the life of the brush is limited. Cannot be secured sufficiently. Also, when assembling the rotating electrical machine, the rotating shaft must be assembled to the bracket with the spring and brush housed in the fitting holes, and the brush is assembled in the state of being urged inward in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. Since it is necessary to attach the brush to the fitting hole against the spring force while assembling it to the bracket of the rotary shaft, the assembling work is complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a rotating electric machine and an assembly thereof in which the effective length of the brush is increased to improve the durability and the assembling property.
The purpose is to provide a method .

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first feature of the present invention, a housing is provided along a radial direction of a rotary shaft for slidably fitting a brush.
A holding cylinder having an extending guide hole is provided, and the holding cylinder
The guide hole circumferential wall on one side in the rolling shaft circumferential direction extends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft.
And a slit with its radially outer end open.
Forming a stopper facing the open end of the slit
However, inside the housing, there is one end on one side of the holding cylinder.
This section is equipped with a torsion spring that is locked to the housing.
The other end of the torsion spring is the radial and axial direction of the rotating shaft.
Can be displaced in the opposite direction, and with the displacement, the other end
State where the part is pressed against the brush through the slit
And lock the other end with the stopper outside the slit.
Can be selectively switched to the inactive state to release the brush
It is.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the claims
The method of assembling the rotating electric machine according to 1, further comprising:
Insert the brush into the guide hole and put the torsion spring in front.
Installed on one side of the holding cylinder in the housing,
While locking one end of the bed to the housing, the other end
To the outside of the slit without pressing the brush.
The stopper to the stopper, and the rotating shaft
The process of assembling to
Force the other end of the torsion spring in the direction of the axis of rotation.
By displacing it from the stopper.
The other end with the spring force of the torsion spring.
Displacement inward in the radial direction of the rotating shaft in the
And the step of allowing .

[0008]

According to the work for-described structure, in the rotation axis of the housing
Insert the brush into the guide hole of the holding cylinder before assembling.
Install a torsion spring to one side of the
If placed, the urging force of the spring is not applied to the brush in the guide hole.
Do not act, the assembled to the housing rotation axis in this state, the operation to push the brush against the spring bias is assembled becomes unnecessary is facilitated. After completing the above-mentioned assembly , move the other end of the torsion spring slightly in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
The torsion spring,
The spring force of its own allows the other end to pass through the slit.
Automatically switches to the above operating state in which the brush in the inner hole is in pressure contact
In this state, the brush is elastically urged inward in the radial direction of the rotation shaft and comes into sliding contact with the commutator. Therefore, it is sufficient to secure a space corresponding to one end of the torsion spring at the outer position of the brush along the radial direction of the rotation axis, and therefore, the effective length of the brush can be made relatively long. Becomes

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on an embodiment of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In addition, this embodiment shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a DC motor.

1 is a vertical sectional side view of a DC motor, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is FIG.
3-3 line sectional view, FIG. 4 is a front view of the bracket, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG.
7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 4, FIG. 8 is a front view of the support plate,
9 is a side view of the torsion spring in a natural state, and FIG. 10 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 10 in FIG.

First, in FIG. 1, a housing 1 of a DC electric motor as a rotating electric machine is formed by connecting a bracket 4 to the other end of a yoke 3 which is integrally formed with a bracket 2 at one end and is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape. . A pair of magnets 5 are fixed to the inner surface of the yoke 2 at positions facing each other on one diameter line.

A rotor 8 is concentrically arranged inside the magnet 5. This rotor 8 is composed of the brackets 2, 4
Is provided on a rotary shaft 11 which is rotatably supported via a self-aligning metal 9 and a bearing 10, and an iron core 12 fixed to the rotary shaft 11 and an insulating material 13.
And a coil 14 wound around the iron core 12 via
A commutator 15 is provided on the rotating shaft 11 on the bracket 4 side and adjacent to the rotor 8.

Referring also to FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of brushes 16, 16 slidingly contacting the commutator 15 is slidably contacted to the bracket 4 at the inner end of the rotary shaft 11 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11. It is arranged so as to be movable in the radial direction by being biased by a spring in the direction of movement.

4 to 7, the bracket 4 is made of synthetic resin in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and a hole 17 for fitting the outer ring of the bearing 10 is formed on the inner surface of the closed end thereof. The cylindrical portion 18 is the housing 1
Is provided integrally with the inner side of the bulge. The inner end surface of the cylindrical portion 18 has a pair of locking projections 19 and 19 on its diameter line.
Are integrally projected, and the locking projections 19 and 19 are substantially L
It is formed in a letter shape. Further, on a diameter line of the cylindrical portion 18 which is orthogonal to a straight line connecting the both locking projections 19, 19, a horizontal cross section U of which the inner side of the housing 1, that is, the rotor 8 side is opened is substantially U.
A pair of letter-shaped brush holding portions 20, 20 are integrally provided on the bracket 4. These brush holders 20, 2
No. 0 extends along the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 with the inner end along the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 being near the inner surface of the hole 17 and the outer end being near the inner surface of the bracket 4. is there.

On the inner surface of the bracket 4 close to the open end, a step portion 21, which extends over a range of approximately 180 degrees, is preferably discontinuous at a position corresponding to the brush holding portions 20, 20.
21 is provided facing the inner side of the housing 1,
The steps 21, 21 are set to have the same positions along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 11 for the tips of the locking projections 19, 19 and the tips of the brush holders 20, 20.

The bracket 4 is arranged on the one diameter line of the cylindrical portion 18 at a position deviated from the both brush holding portions 20, 20 by 45 degrees.
A pair of receiving portions 22 and 22 that are flush with the step portions 21 and 21 are provided from the inner side surface of the so as to project radially inward.
From the inner surface of the bracket 4 on one diameter line of the cylindrical portion 18 orthogonal to the straight line connecting the receiving portions 22, 22, at a position corresponding to the end face of the cylindrical portion 18 and the intermediate portion between the step portions 21 and 21. A pair of receiving surfaces 23 extending inward in the radial direction,
23 is provided. Moreover, screw holes 24, 24 are formed in both the receiving portions 22, 22, and the receiving surfaces 23, 23 are
Pins 25, 25 are planted in this.

The bracket 4 has the locking projections 19 and 1 attached thereto.
9, the tip of the brush holding portions 20, 20, the step portion 2
The support plate 26 shown in FIG. 8 is fixed so as to come into contact with the 1, 21 and the receiving portions 22, 22. This support plate 2
A pair 6 has an outer periphery that can be fitted in the bracket 4 and is formed into an approximately C-shape by an insulating material. The pair of screw members 27, 27 screwed into the screw holes 24, 24 of the bracket 4 are inserted therethrough. Through holes 28, 28 and the pin 2 of the bracket 4
A pair of through holes 29, 29 for inserting the holes 5, 25 are provided. By inserting the pins 25, 25 into the through holes 29, 29, the relative position of the support plate 26 with respect to the bracket 4 is determined, and in that state, the support plate 26 and the pair of terminal plates 40, 40 are engaged. The screw members 27, 27 are screwed into the screw holes 24, 24, whereby the support plate 26 is fixed to the bracket 4.

By fixing the support plate 26 to the bracket 4, the support plate 26 and the two brush holding portions 20, 20 constitute a pair of holding cylinders 32, 32.
Each of the holding cylinders 32, 32 has a guide hole 30 extending in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11 so that the brush 16 can be slidably fitted therein.
In the circumferential wall of the guide hole 30 on one side in the circumferential direction (on the side of the pin 25)
It includes a slit 34 which is open to the radially outer end extends in the rotational axis 11 radially outer end opening of the slit 34
A stopper 36 facing the release portion is formed .

The guide holes 30, 30 are formed in a quadrangular cross section with both ends open in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11. That is, since the brushes 16 and 16 are formed in a quadrangular cross section, the guide holes 30 and 30 are also formed to have a cross section corresponding to the brushes 16 and 16. Insertion holes 31 and 31 extending in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 and having outer ends closed are provided at positions corresponding to the brush holding portions 20 and 20 of the support plate 26, respectively. Thus, the lead wires 33, 33 connected to the terminal plates 40, 40 are inserted into the guide holes 30, 30 from the insertion holes 31, 31 and connected to the brushes 16, 16. Further, cords 38, 38 are connected to the terminal boards 40, 40, and these cords 38, 38 are pulled out from the bracket 4 to the outside.

The brush holder 2 along the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 11.
Notches 35 for forming the slits 34 in cooperation with the support plate 26 are provided on one side of each of 0 and 20,
At the outer ends of the cutouts 35 along the radial direction, projections that project toward the support plate 26 for forming the stoppers 36 are provided.

The torsion spring 3 is attached to the pins 25, 25 on one side of the brush holding portions 20, 20 along the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 11.
7, 37 are wound and supported, and one end of each of the torsion springs 37, 37 has a locking projection 19,
Locked at 19. This torsion spring 37 is
The end is displaceable in the radial and axial directions of the rotary shaft 11.
In addition, the other end of the slit
Operating state in which the brush 16 is pressed against the brush 16 through
The end part is locked to the stopper 36 outside the slit 34.
And selectively switch to the inoperative state in which the brush 16 is released.
It is possible .

9 and 10, the torsion spring 3
Reference numeral 7 denotes a winding portion 37a formed by winding a spring element wire into a cylindrical shape to be fitted into the pin 25, and a pair of straight line portions 37b and 37b extending from both ends of the winding portion 37a in a direction intersecting with each other.
And hook portions 37c and 37c provided at the tips of the straight portions 37b and 37b, respectively. Thus, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, both linear portions 37b, 37b are in a natural state where no external force is applied to the torsion spring 37.
Are parallel to each other, the hook portions 37c are respectively formed so as to bend in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the winding portion 37a and inclined at an angle α with respect to a plane including the straight portion 37b. Yes, both hooks 37c, 37c
Are inclined in a direction in which they approach each other toward the tip side with respect to the straight portions 37b, 37b.

In the torsion springs 37, 37, one hook portion 37c is switched and engaged with the stopper 36 and the brush 16, and the other hook portion 37c is engaged with the locking projection 1.
9 will be locked. Moreover, since the hook portion 37c is inclined with respect to the linear portion 37b as described above, the hook portion 37c is engaged with the stopper 36 more reliably. A V-shaped engaging groove 16a for engaging the hook portion 37c is provided at the rear end of the brush 16 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11.

By the way, between the brush holding portions 20 and 20 and the pins 25 and 25, the brush holding portion 2 is provided on the support plate 26.
Operation holes 39, 3 extending long along the longitudinal direction of 0, 20
9 is provided, and a rod-shaped tool such as a screwdriver is inserted through the operation holes 39, 39 to twist the torsion springs 37, 3
By operating the hook portions 37c, 37c of No. 7, the engagement state of the hook portions 37c, 37c with the stoppers 36, 36 is released, and the hook portions 37c, 37c are attached to the brush 1.
It is possible to switch to the engagement state of the rear end of 6,16.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When assembling the DC motor, first, the bracket 4 is used.
Before assembling the rotary shaft 11 to the brush holding part 2
The brushes 16 and 16 are inserted into the pins 0 and 20, respectively, and the torsion springs 37 and 37 are wound around and supported by the pins 25 and 25, and the hook portions 37c and 37c are locked to the locking protrusion 19 and the stopper 36, respectively. First, the support plate 26 is fixed to the bracket 4. On the other hand, the rotary shaft 11, in advance assembled rotor 8 and the commutator 15, the blanking
Rashes 16, 16, torsion springs 37, 37 and support plate 26
After assembly of the rotating shaft 11 through the bearing 10.
Is assembled to the bracket 4.

Assembly of the rotating shaft 11 to the bracket 4
At the time of work , the two torsion springs 37, 37 are attached to the brushes 16, 16
Do not engage the rear end of the
Is not biased in the direction of sliding contact with the commutator 15, the rotating shaft 11 can be easily assembled to the bracket 4 without pushing the brushes 16 and 16 against the spring force. The attaching operation becomes easy.

After assembling the rotary shaft 11 to the bracket 4, a tool is inserted through the operation holes 39, 39 so that the hook portions 37c and 37c of the torsion springs 37 and 37 are attached to the rotary shaft 11.
It suffices to displace the stoppers 36, 36 by forcibly displacing them in the axial direction. Then, one end of the torsion springs 37, 37 will have a radial force of the springs 37, 37 themselves in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11.
It is displaced inward, that is, from the slits 34, 34 to the guide hole 3
The brushes 16 and 16 are engaged with the rear ends of the brushes 16 and 16, and the brushes 16 and 16 are urged in a direction of sliding contact with the commutator 15.

Moreover, the torsion springs 37, 37 are provided on the rotary shaft 1.
1 along the circumferential direction of the pin 1 of the brush holder 20, 20
It is arranged on the 5, 25 side, and at the outer position of the brushes 16, 16 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11, it is sufficient to secure a space corresponding to one end of the torsion springs 37, 37. Therefore, the effective length of the brushes 16, 16 can be made relatively long to improve the durability.

Further, since the support plate 26 is formed in a substantially U shape, the support plate 26 released from the fixed state with the bracket 4 in a state where the rotating shaft 11 is supported by the bracket 4 via the bearing 10. Can be removed in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 11 to open the brush holders 20, 20, and the rotor 8 can be supported by the bracket 4 only by releasing the connection between the yoke 3 and the bracket 4. It is possible to easily replace the brushes 16, 16 as they are.

In the above embodiment, the holding cylinder 32 is formed by the brush holding portion 20 which is integral with the bracket 4 and the support plate 26 which is fixed to the bracket 4, but the holding cylinder may be integral, or The structure for fixing the holding cylinder to the housing does not matter.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the end portion of the torsion spring is locked to the stopper outside the slit so that the brush is
It is possible to at freed deactivated assembling the rotary shaft in the housing, can be operated to push the brush against the spring force to facilitate assembly becomes unnecessary, its
After completing the assembly of the
Move it slightly to the direction and simply disengage from the stopper
, The same end is spring force and moves inward in the slit in the radial direction of the rotating shaft.
It is displaced and automatically switched to the operating state where it is pressed against the brush.
By doing so, the brush can be elastically urged toward the commutator side. Therefore, each brush should be
Guided in a guide hole extending in the same direction and biased by the brush and spring
Despite the structure that is separated from the means, the spring
The brush does not reach the force of each brush.
Extremely easy and accurate switching to operating states
As a result, it is possible to improve the efficiency of assembly work as a whole.
It can greatly contribute to improvement .

Moreover, it is sufficient to secure a space corresponding to the end of the torsion spring at the outer position of the brush along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and the effective length of the brush is made relatively long to improve durability. Can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a DC motor showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a bracket.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG.

7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a support plate.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the torsion spring in a natural state.

FIG. 10 is a view on arrow 10 of FIG.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 1 housing 3 yoke 8 rotor 11 rotating shaft 15 commutator 16 brush 30 guide hole 32 holding cylinder 34 slit 36 stopper 37 torsion spring

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A housing (1) having a cylindrical yoke (3), a rotary shaft (11) rotatably supported by the housing (1), and a yoke (1) provided on the rotary shaft (11). 3) A rotor (8) concentrically arranged in the commutator, a commutator (15) provided on the rotation shaft (11) adjacent to the rotor (8), and a spring in a direction of sliding contact with the commutator (15). In a rotating electric machine comprising a brush (16) supported by the housing (1) while being urged and capable of moving in a radial direction of the rotating shaft (11), the brush (16) is slid on the housing (1). Guide hole (30) along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (11) for movably fitting
And a slit (34) that extends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft (11) through the guide hole (30) and has an outer end open.
And a holding tube (32) having a stopper (36) located at an outer end of the slit (34) along the radial direction, and a state in which one end is locked to the stopper (36) and the slit (36). 34) A torsion spring (37) for switching the state of engaging from the brush (16) to the brush (16) and locking the other end to the housing (1) is arranged on one side of the holding cylinder (32). A rotating electric machine characterized by.