JPH0810222A - Ophthalmological device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically switch right and left eyes without making an ophthalmological device to abut on a nose. CONSTITUTION:A microcomputer 43 drives a forward/backward rotating motor 10 via a motor driver 47 to measure the other eye after measuring the intraocular pressure of one eye of an examinee, and retreats a measuring optical part 14 from the eye to be inspected by rotating a screw shaft 11. When the part 14 advances by the amount of travel in accordance with the height of the nose N of the examinee, a belt 4 is moved in right and left directions by driving a rightward/leftward rotating motor 2, and it is moved in the direction E of the eye to be inspected again by the rightward/leftward rotating motor 10, then, it is fixed in front of the other eye. In such a way, the measurement of intraocular pressure can be performed by switching the right and left eyes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus for aligning an eye to be inspected to perform an eye examination or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, alignment in the working distance direction of an ophthalmologic apparatus is performed by projecting a light beam on an eye to be inspected, receiving the reflected light beam, and monitoring the positional deviation by a television monitor or a direct-viewing mirror. This is done by moving the movable table equipped with the eyes. Further, in an ophthalmologic apparatus that allows the subject to examine his or her own eyes, the subject himself or herself adjusts his or her face in the working distance direction to find the appropriate working distance.

Particularly, in an ophthalmologic apparatus for examining each eye, a method of changing the working distance while moving the movable table in the left-right direction at the time of switching between the left and right eyes is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 3/1999.
No. 128032 is disclosed.

Further, as prior arts relating to auto-alignment, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-300928 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
Japanese Patent No. 300929 has been known.

[0005]

However, the conventional example
In an ophthalmologic apparatus with a short working distance to the subject's eye, such as (1), when the movable table is moved in the left-right direction to switch between the left and right eyes, the objective part of the apparatus contacts the nose of the subject. A problem arises.

Further, since the ophthalmologic apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-128032 is configured to allow the optometry section to escape mechanically by a set working distance, the shape of the nose of the subject and Depending on the height, the working distance may be insufficient or unnecessarily large, resulting in a problem in operability. Also,
The nose contact prevention mechanism composed of a large number of mechanical parts has a complicated structure.

A first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide an optometry apparatus for safely switching between the right and left eyes without contacting the nose of the subject.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an optometry apparatus that automatically performs alignment based on the shape and height of the nose of the subject.

A third object of the present invention is to provide an optometry apparatus capable of preventing nasal contact using a positioning mechanism without constructing a special mechanical part for preventing nasal contact.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises an optometry means for observing the eyes to be examined one by one and a driving means for aligning the eyes. In the above, it is characterized by further comprising control means for controlling the drive means so as to change the working distance to the eye to be inspected while moving the eye examination means in the left-right direction.

[0011]

In the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention having the above-described structure, when the eyes to be inspected are examined one by one, the moving means having the drive section driven by the actuator moves the eye examination apparatus in the horizontal direction. The control means controls to change the working distance from the optometry.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment applied to a tonometer. The main body of the left-right motor 2 for left-right driving is fixed on the fixed plate 1, the rotation shaft of the left-right motor 2 is connected to a pulley 3, and a belt 4 is stretched by two pulleys 3 The pulley 3 is supported by a shaft support 5 fixed to the fixed plate 1. A guide shaft 6 serving as a guide for lateral movement is provided in parallel with the belt 4, and the guide shaft 6 supports a bearing 7. A belt retainer 8 is locked to the belt 4, and the belt retainer 8 and the bearing 7 are fixed to the lower surface of the fixed plate 9.

A front-rear motor 10 for driving in the front-rear direction is fixed on the fixed plate 9, a rotating shaft of the front-rear motor 10 is connected to a screw shaft 11, and a tip end of the screw shaft 11 corresponds to an end portion of the fixed plate 9. It is supported by the bend. A female screw portion 12 is meshed with the screw shaft 11. The female screw portion 12 supports a lower portion of the slide table 13,
A measurement optical system 14 is fixedly mounted on the surface 3. The screw shaft 11 is arranged substantially parallel to the optical path 01 of the measuring optical unit 14.

In the measurement optical section 14, as shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle 15 is provided on the optical path 01 in front of the eye E of the subject S to be examined.
And the nozzle 15 is supported by a perforated glass 16 and a perforated lens 17 that transmit infrared light. A dichroic small mirror 18 and a dichroic mirror 19 are arranged on the rear optical path 01 of the perforated lens 17, and an air chamber 20 is formed by the perforated lens 17 and the dichroic mirror 19. Behind the dichroic mirror 19,
A relay lens 21 and a half mirror 22 are arranged, and further, an alignment light receiving unit 25 including an aperture 23 and a light receiving element 24 is arranged.

A projection lens 26 and a light source 27 for emitting near-infrared light are provided in the 90-degree reflection direction of the dichroic small mirror 18.
Is arranged, the imaging lens 28 and the image pickup device 29 are arranged in the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 19, and the corneal deformation detection unit 32 including the aperture 30 and the light receiving device 31 is arranged in the reflection direction of the half mirror 22. Has been done. Further, an illumination light source 33, which is, for example, an LED that illuminates the anterior segment of the eye E to be inspected, is provided near the perforated glass 16. The aperture 23 of the alignment light-receiving unit 25 is arranged at a position conjugate with the corneal reflection image from the near-infrared light source 27 at the time of proper alignment, and the aperture 30 of the corneal deformation detection unit 32 blows air onto the cornea Ec,
The light receiving element 31 is positioned so that the amount of light is maximized.

An air pressurizing system 35 is provided outside the measuring optical section 14.
The air pressurizing system 35 includes a rotary solenoid 36, a cylinder 37, and a piston 38. The piston 38 moving along the wall surface of the cylinder 37 is locked by the rotary solenoid 36. A tube 39 extends from the tip of the cylinder 37 and is connected to an intake port provided in the air chamber 20. A pressure sensor 40 for detecting the internal pressure is attached to the air chamber 20.

The outputs of the light receiving elements 24 and 31, the pressure sensor 40, and the image pickup element 29 for observing the anterior segment of the measurement optical section 14 are connected to a micro computer 43 having a built-in memory circuit via a signal processing circuit 42. ing. The output of the microcomputer 43 is connected to the near-infrared light source 27 and the illumination light source 33 via the light source driver 44, and the television monitor 45 and the solenoid driver 4 for displaying an anterior ocular image.
The solenoid 36 is connected via 6 and the front and rear motors 10 and the left and right motors 2 are connected via a motor driver 47.

The output of the operation panel 48 is connected to the microcomputer 43, and as shown in FIG. 3, the operation panel 48 has a left / right alignment switch 49, a front / rear alignment switch 50, a measurement start switch 51, and a left / right eye changeover switch 52. The right and left eye changeover switch 52 is provided with a button H, so that the height of the nose N of the subject S can be selected.
It consists of button M and button L.

The light beam emitted from the near infrared light source 27 is reflected by the dichroic small mirror 18 via the projection lens 26, passes through the tube of the nozzle 15 and is irradiated onto the eye E to be inspected.
The light beam reflected by the cornea of the eye E to be examined passes through the perforated glass 16 outside the nozzle 15 to become a parallel light beam by the perforated lens 17, and the dichroic mirror 19 and the relay lens 2
A part of the light passes through the half mirror 22 and is focused on the alignment light receiving unit 25. On the other hand, the LED light source 33 for illuminating the anterior segment illuminates the subject's eye E, and the reflected light passes through the perforated glass 16 and the perforated lens 17 and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 19, and the imaging lens 28 causes the image pickup device 29. Then, the anterior eye image Pf is displayed on the television monitor 45 via the signal processing circuit 42 and the microcomputer 43.

The examiner observes the anterior eye image Pf on the television monitor 45 so that the nozzle 15 is positioned at the center of the pupil of the eye E to be examined and the front and rear alignment switch 49 of the operation panel 48 is arranged.
And the left and right alignment switch 50 are operated to move the measurement optical unit 14. The light beam received by the alignment light receiving unit 25 of the measurement optical unit 14 is photoelectrically converted, and the microcomputer 43 through the signal processing circuit 42 determines whether or not the light beam is aligned in the proper position.
A proper alignment mark R for alignment is displayed at 5.

When the measurement start switch 51 is input and the intraocular pressure measurement is started, the microcomputer 43 sends a drive command to the solenoid driver 46. When the solenoid driver 46 drives the rotary solenoid 36, the air compressed by the cylinder 37 and the piston 38 is sent from the suction port 40 into the air chamber 20 via the tube 39, and the air is blown from the nozzle 15 to the eye E to be inspected. .
The cornea of the eye E is deformed by blowing air, and the amount of light received by the corneal deformation detection unit 32 reaches its maximum when the eye E reaches a predetermined shape. The pressure inside the air chamber 20 at this time is read by the pressure sensor 40, and Convert pressure value.

In the arrangement shown in FIG. 4, after the intraocular pressure measurement is performed on the right eye ER of the subject S, the left and right eye changeover switch 52 of the operation panel 48 is input to measure the left eye EL. The computer 43 drives the front-rear motor 10 and the left-right motor 2 via the motor driver 47. That is, in FIG. 4, the front-rear motor 10 rotates to move the measurement optical unit 14 rearward from the eye E to be inspected, and retract it to a position where the nose N of the subject S is avoided. Next, the left and right motors 2
Rotates to drive the belt 4, move the measurement optical unit 14 on the front-rear drive mechanism to the right, pass through the position shown in FIG. 5, and move forward by the front-rear motor 10 again at the position of the left eye EL of the subject S. Move to.

At this time, since the height of the nose N varies depending on the subject S, the left and right eye changeover switch 52 has three types so that the moving distance of the measuring optical unit 14 in the front-back direction can be selected depending on the height. Buttons H, M, and L are provided.
That is, the examiner presses the button H when the movement distance of the measurement optical unit 14 in the left-right direction is large due to the height of the nose N of the subject S.
When the size is small, the button L is pressed, and in the normal case between them, the button M is pressed to switch between the left and right eyes.

As described above, by changing the working distance between the eye E to be inspected and the measurement optical portion 14 according to the height of the nose N of the subject S, the measurement optical portion 14 contacts the nose of the subject. It is possible to safely switch between the left and right eyes without any trouble.

FIG. 6 shows the second embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in that the three-dimensional position detecting means for detecting the positional deviation between the eye E to be inspected and the measurement optical system in the measurement optical system in the three-dimensional direction. And a vertical drive mechanism that vertically drives the measurement optical system using an electric actuator, and a nose height detection unit that detects the height of the nose N of the subject S. Others are the first embodiment. It is almost the same as the example, and the same reference numerals indicate members having the same function.

An up / down motor 54 for vertically driving is fixed to the fixed base 53, and an up / down screw 55 is provided vertically so as to be directly connected to the rotary shaft of the up / down motor 54. A female screw portion 56 is provided so as to mesh with the upper and lower screws 55, and the female screw portion 56 supports a vertically movable base 57. Vertical movable table 57 and fixed table 5
A balance spring 58 is provided around the three vertical screws 55 to prevent play of the vertical movable table 57. Further, the guide shaft 59 is fixed to the fixed base 53 in parallel with the vertical screw 55 so that the vertical movable base 57 does not rotate during vertical movement by penetrating the vertical movable base 57.

A horizontal drive mechanism is mounted on the vertically movable table 57, a front-back drive mechanism is mounted thereon, and a measuring optical section 14 'is fixedly mounted thereon. The output of the microcomputer 43 is connected to the up / down motor 54 together with the left / right motor 2 and the front / rear motor 10 via a motor driver 47 '.

In the measurement optical section 14 ', as shown in FIG. 7, a perforated glass 16, a perforated lens 17, dichroic small mirrors 18 and 19, a relay lens 21, a half mirror 22 and a cylindrical body are provided in front of the eye E to be examined. The lens 60, the aperture 23, and the two-dimensional light receiving element 61 are arranged, and the cylindrical lens 60, the aperture 23, and the two-dimensional light receiving element 61 for alignment constitute an alignment light receiving section 25 ′, and the two-dimensional light receiving element 61 forms the cylindrical lens 60. A part of the cornea reflected light flux of the light source 27 is received via the light source. This two-dimensional light receiving element 61,
A three-dimensional position detection unit is configured with the image pickup device 29 that receives the light flux reflected by the dichroic mirror 19.

The light receiving elements 31, 61 of the measuring optical section 14 ',
The outputs of the pressure sensor 40 and the image pickup device 29 are connected to the microcomputer 43 via a signal processing circuit 42 '. Further, a nose height detecting means 62 for detecting the height of the nose N of the subject S is provided on a member (not shown) that supports the face of the subject S below the measurement optical unit 14 ′. Is composed of a light receiving portion 63 and a line sensor 64 which is a light receiving portion, and the output of the line sensor 64 is connected to the microcomputer 43.

Further, the nose height detecting means 62 provided on a face supporting member (not shown) near the subject S emits a light beam which emits a light beam from the side face of the subject to the opposite side face as shown in FIG. The line sensor 6 arranged in the nose height direction with the portion 63
4 and a light receiving section. 9 shows an operation panel 48 'of this embodiment, and an up / down alignment switch 65 is added to the operation panel 48 of the first embodiment of FIG.

When the face of the subject S is fixed, the detection light emitted from the light emitting portion 63 is projected toward the line sensor 64 arranged in the nose height direction in the state as shown in FIG. Depending on the height of N, some portions are detected on the line sensor 64 and some portions are not detected, and the height of the nose N can be detected by the output signal of the line sensor 64.

While inspecting the television monitor 45, the examiner uses the front / rear alignment switch 49, the left / right alignment switch 50, and the up / down alignment switch 65 of the operation panel 48 'so that the entire pupil of the eye E can be seen. Move 14 '. After the alignment is completed, when the measurement start switch 51 is input to start the measurement, the light flux from the light source 27 is projected on the cornea of the eye E, and the corneal reflected light flux is partially received by the two-dimensional light receiving element 61 through the cylindrical lens 60. And partly dichroic mirror 1
It is reflected by 9 and received by the image sensor 29. The two-dimensional light receiving element 61 detects the working distance direction between the eye E and the measurement optical section 14 ', and the light source 27 received by the image pickup element 29.
From the two-dimensional position of the image, the amount of shift between the eye E and the measurement optical unit 14 ′ in the vertical and horizontal directions is detected.

By inserting the cylindrical lens 60 in front of the two-dimensional light receiving element 61, when the working distance between the eye E to be inspected and the measurement optical portion 14 'is larger than the proper position, the light receiving surface of the two-dimensional light receiving element 61 is detected. The cornea reflection image of the light source 27 is elongated in the horizontal direction, and the subject E and the measurement optical unit 1
When the working distance of 4'is smaller than the proper position, the corneal reflection image of the light source 27 is elongated in the vertical direction on the light receiving surface of the two-dimensional light receiving element 61. The size of this image and the direction of deformation are determined by the microcomputer 4 via the signal processing circuit 42 '.
It is judged in 3.

The cornea reflection image of the light source 27 and the image pickup device 2
The anterior ocular segment image displayed by 9 is a video signal in which only the anterior ocular segment image is detected by blinking light emission of the light source 27, and a video signal in which both the corneal reflection image and the anterior ocular segment image of the light source 27 are detected. Are separated and taken into the signal processing circuit 42 ′, the two video signals are arithmetically processed, and only the image of the corneal reflection image is extracted and input to the microcomputer 43. Then, the microcomputer 43 detects the position in the two-dimensional direction on the surface of the image sensor 29 based on the synchronization signal, and the three-dimensional position of the eye E can be detected from the result.

Next, a command to move to the proper position is issued from the microcomputer 43 to the motor driver 47 'based on the calculated position shift amount, and the motor driver 47' is then sent.
Drives the respective motors 2, 10, 54 by an amount corresponding to the amount of displacement, and as a result, when the measurement optical unit 14 'is adjusted to the proper position, the intraocular pressure measurement is automatically started.

Switching between the left and right eyes is performed by inputting the left and right eye switching switch 51 on the operation panel 48 '. The front-back movement distance is automatically set based on the data detected by the nose height detection means 62 installed on the face support member, and the measurement optical system 14 'is retracted according to the height of the nose N of the subject S when switching between the left and right eyes. be able to. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the right and left eyes can be switched without contacting the nose N of the subject S, and the tonometry can be automatically and safely performed by the alignment. .

As described above, by the three-dimensional position detecting means,
In the automatic alignment that performs automatic alignment,
Since it is possible to prevent the nose contact using the motor and the control circuit for driving the automatic alignment, it is not necessary to newly provide another nose contact preventing mechanism.

The present invention can be widely applied not only to this embodiment applied to the measurement of intraocular pressure but also to general ophthalmologic instruments such as a keratometer, a refractometer, and a fundus camera. Also,
The actuators for the up / down, front / rear and left / right drive mechanisms can be widely used such as electromagnetic motors, ultrasonic motors, and linear motors.

[0039]

As described above, in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention, the switching between the left and right eyes and the prevention of contact with the nose can be performed at the same time by a single switch operation only by the mechanism for aligning the eye to be inspected and the eye examination portion. Therefore, the operability is improved, and the optometry measurement can be performed efficiently and accurately.

Further, by controlling the front / rear and left / right alignment mechanisms for the eye to be inspected, the nose contact can be prevented with a simple structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a measurement optical unit.

FIG. 3 is a front view of an operation panel.

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating movement of an optometry unit.

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating movement of an optometry unit.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a measurement optical unit.

FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating movement of an optometry unit.

FIG. 9 is a front view of an operation panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2, 10, 54 Motor 14, 14 'Measuring optical section 15 Nozzle 18, 19 Dichroic mirror 24, 31, 61 Light receiving element 25, 25' Alignment light receiving section 27, 33 Light source 29 Imaging element 32 Corneal deformation detecting section 35 Air pressure System 36 Rotary solenoid 40 Pressure sensor 43 Microcomputer 44, 46, 47, 47 'Driver 48, 48' Operation panel 49, 50, 51, 52, 65 Switch 60 Cylindrical lens 62 Nose height detecting means

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An optometry means for examining the eyes to be examined one by one,
In an ophthalmologic apparatus having a drive unit for performing alignment with the eye to be inspected, a control unit for controlling the drive unit to change the working distance with the eye to be inspected while moving the eye inspection unit in the left-right direction may be provided. Characteristic ophthalmic device. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drive unit is provided with a drive unit that moves in a three-dimensional direction, and the eye examination unit is provided with an eye position detection unit for automatic alignment. 3. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the working distance to the subject's eye is changed, the change amount can be changed. 4. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising detection means for detecting the height of the nose of the subject.