JPH08101562A - Electrifying member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To suppress contamination due to the sticking of a toner, paper dust, etc., to the surface of an electrifying member and to improve the durability of the member by incorporating amino acid powder into the semiconductive elastic layer of the member. CONSTITUTION: This electrifying member is, e.g. a roll-shaped member and has an electrically conductive substrate 101 having the shape of a core metal and a semiconductive elastic layer 102 disposed around the substrate 101. The elastic layer 102 is made of a material obtd. by incorporating amino acid powder into epichlorohydrin rubber. The avnino acid powder is flat platy powder of N-lauroyl-L-lysine produced from L-lysine as a natural amino acid and lauric acid and the powder withstands molding without causing thermal decomposition. Contamination due to the sticking of a toner, paper dust, etc., to the surface of this electrifying member (electrifying roll or transfer roll) is suppressed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging member used in an electrophotographic apparatus, and more particularly to a charging member used for primary charging and transfer charging in an electrophotographic apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a charging process in an electrophotographic process is performed by applying a high voltage (DC -6 to -8K) to a metal wire.
The corona discharge method in which charging is performed by the corona generated by applying V) has been widely used. However, in this corona discharge method, when the corona is generated, the surface of the photoconductor is altered by corona products such as ozone and nitrogen oxides,
There were inconveniences such as image blurring and deterioration, and wire stains adversely affecting image quality.

On the other hand, a contact charging system in which a voltage is applied while the photosensitive drum is in contact with the charging member to charge the surface of the photosensitive member has been put into practical use. This charging method has the advantages of lowering the voltage of the power supply and generating less ozone, but it is considerably inferior to the corona discharge method in terms of uniformity of charging.

In order to improve the uniformity of the charging, for example, in the "contact charging method" disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-149668, the charging start voltage (Vth) when a DC voltage is applied. It is disclosed that the uniformity of charging can be considerably improved by superimposing an AC voltage having a peak-to-peak voltage that is more than twice the peak voltage.

Further, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-194061.
In the "roller charging device" disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
It is disclosed that the uniformity of charging can be considerably improved by providing a cleaning element and coating the surface of the conductive elastic body with a non-adhesive coating.

However, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-149668, the charging start voltage (Vth) when a DC voltage is applied.
In order to superimpose a high-voltage AC voltage that is more than twice the peak-to-peak voltage, an AC power supply is required in addition to the DC power supply,
This increases the cost of the device itself. Furthermore, by consuming a large amount of alternating current, the amount of ozone generated increases,
As a result, there is a problem that the charging member and the photoconductor are deteriorated.

Further, in JP-A-58-194061, the surface layer coated with a non-adhesive coating cannot sufficiently achieve the non-adhesiveness and the film strength of the coating. Due to the non-adhesiveness of the coating and the strength of the coating, a large amount of toner adheres to the surface layer, which causes the deterioration of the durability of the charging roller.

In the conventional charging member, when the charging member only applies a DC voltage, uneven charging occurs when the elastic layer of the charging member has carbon black dispersed in synthetic rubber. That is, the charging unevenness of the conventional charging member is due to electrical non-uniformity of the conductive layer due to poor dispersion of carbon black / synthetic rubber. However, the uneven charging of the charging member can be eliminated by replacing the carbon black / synthetic rubber with a semiconductive polar rubber (eg, epichlorohydrin rubber).

The polar rubber will be described below.
Polar rubber (or polar rubber) is a generic term for rubbers having a polar group in a polymer, such as epichlorohydrin rubber, nitrile rubber, urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber,
Acrylic rubber and the like contain polar groups such as -CL, -CN, -NH, and -COO. Against this,
Rubbers that do not contain polar groups such as natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and butyl rubber are called non-polar rubbers.

Further, when the charging member only applies a DC voltage, the withstand voltage of the charging member becomes a problem. However, by using epichlorohydrin rubber for the elastic layer, the conventional carbon black / synthetic rubber conductive elastic layer is used. Withstand voltage is significantly improved compared to.

[0011]

However, according to the charging member using epichlorohydrin rubber in the above-mentioned conventional semiconductive elastic layer, when the charging member is used for a long period of time, toner, paper dust, etc. are left on the surface of the charging member. There is a problem in that the electrical resistance value of the charging member increases and the charging performance deteriorates because of adhesion or sticking. That is, there is a problem in that residual toner particles that have passed through the cleaning and remain on the photosensitive member as they are are attached to the surface of the charging member in contact with the photosensitive member and have an adverse effect.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the durability of a charging member by suppressing adhesion of toner or the like to the surface of the semiconductive elastic layer. .

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the charging member according to claim 1 is a charging member comprising a conductive support and a semiconductive elastic layer mainly composed of epichlorohydrin rubber. In the above, the semiconductive elastic layer contains an amino acid-based powder.

In the charging member according to the second aspect, the semiconductive elastic layer has a volume resistance in the range of 10 ⁷ to 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm.

In the charging member according to the third aspect, the thickness of the semiconductive elastic layer is in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm.

[0016]

In the charging member according to the present invention (claim 1), the semiconductive elastic layer contains the amino acid powder,
Toner on the surface of the charging member (charging roller, transfer roller),
The occurrence of contamination due to the attachment of paper powder or the like is suppressed.

Further, in the charging member according to the second aspect, the semiconductive elastic layer has a volume resistance in the range of 10 ⁷ to 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm, so that the charging member (charging roller, transfer roller). Contamination due to adhesion of toner, paper powder, etc. on the surface is further suppressed.

Further, in the charging member according to the third aspect, since the thickness of the semiconductive elastic layer is in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm, the toner and the paper on the surface of the charging member (charging roller, transfer roller) are Contamination due to adhesion of powder or the like is further suppressed.

[0019]

Embodiments of the charging member of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings in the order of the configuration of a charging device to which the charging member of the present invention is applied. To do.

Shape of Charging Member of the Present Invention First, an example of the shape of the charging member of the present invention will be described. The charging member of the present invention is, for example, a roller-shaped member as shown in FIG. 1, and has a conductive support 101 in the shape of a core metal, and a semiconductive elastic layer provided around the conductive support 101. 1
02.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a conductive elastic layer 1 is formed around a conductive support 101 in the shape of a core metal.
03 may be provided, and the semiconductive elastic layer 102 may be provided thereon.

Further, the charging member of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the semiconductive elastic layer 102 may be supported by the conductive support 101 having a flat plate shape.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the conductive elastic layer 103 is supported by a conductive support 101 having a flat plate shape, and the semiconductive elastic layer 102 is further formed on the conductive elastic layer 103. The structure provided may be sufficient. However, the roller shape is, of course, preferable in terms of uniform charging.

Further, the charging member of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a conductive support 101 having a pair of parallel axes, and an endless belt-shaped semi-conductive elastic layer 1.
The configuration supporting 02 may be used.

However, in FIGS. 1 to 5, the semiconductive elastic layer 102 is made of a material in which epichlorohydrin rubber is mixed with an amino acid powder.

In addition to the conductive support 101 and the semiconductive elastic layer 102, a layer such as an adhesive layer for improving the adhesiveness of each layer may be provided. For example, the conductive support may be treated with a primer such as synthetic rubber containing a conductive substance such as carbon black.

As the conductive support 101, a metal such as iron, stainless steel or aluminum, or a conductive resin such as a carbon black dispersed resin or a metal particle dispersed resin can be used, and the shape thereof is as described above. A rod shape or a plate shape is used for.

Good results are obtained when the volume resistance of the semiconductive elastic layer 102 is in the range of 10 ⁷ to 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm. Therefore, polar rubbers such as epichlorohydrin rubber, nitrile rubber, urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber, and acrylic rubber can be used as the material, but among them, the electric resistance of the rubber itself is relatively low and the environmental stability is further improved. From the point that it is excellent in
Epichlorohydrin gum is preferred.

The epichlorohydrin rubber includes epichlorohydrin homopolymer (abbreviation: CO) and a copolymer of epichlorohydrin and ethylene oxide (abbreviation: EC).
O), a copolymer of epichlorohydrin and allyl glycidyl ether (abbreviation: GCO), and a ternary copolymer of epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide and allyl glycidyl ether (abbreviation: GECO), among which electrical resistance is relatively high. GECO, in terms of lowness and environmental stability,
ECO is preferred.

In the charging member of the present invention, the semiconductive elastic layer 102 preferably has a layer thickness of 0.5 to ¹⁰ mm and a volume resistance of 10 ⁷ to 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm.

For example, the volume resistance of the semiconductive elastic layer 102 is lower than 10 ⁷ Ω · cm, or the layer thickness is 0.5 mm.
If the thickness becomes thinner, dielectric breakdown of the photoreceptor, unstable charging, and image unevenness occur. In addition, if there is a pinhole on the photoconductor, current is likely to concentrate on that portion, causing leakage, and as a result, horizontal stripes appear on the image.

Further, for example, the volume resistance of the semiconductive elastic layer 102 is higher than 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm, or the layer thickness is 10
If the thickness is larger than mm and the electric resistance is too high, it becomes difficult to charge. Therefore, the electric resistance and thickness of the semiconductive elastic layer 102 must be set within a relatively narrow range as described above.

The amino acid powder mixed with epichlorohydrin gum is N-lauroyl-L-lysine obtained from natural amino acid L-lysine and lauric acid.
It is a tabular powder having the chemical structure shown in Fig.
10 μm, the decomposition temperature is about 230 ° C., and during molding in a mixed system with epichlorohydrin rubber (vulcanization condition: 150 to
It can withstand 155 ° C for 30 minutes to 7 hours without thermal decomposition.

[0034]

Embedded image

Although N-lauroyl-L-lysine is an organic substance, it has a wall-opening property and thus has a remarkably low friction coefficient, which is even lower than that of molybdenum disulfide which is a solid lubricant. When mixed, the surface is rendered highly tack free. Note that N
Examples of lauroyl-L-lysine include Amihope LL manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. For details of this amino acid-based powder, see “Sakamoto, Kaneko: Coloring Materials Association Magazine,
65 (2), 88-93 (1992) ”.

Further, the semiconductive elastic layer 102 relating to the charging member of the present invention is preferably flame-retardant because it is used for supporting the electrode, and particularly UL-478.
In (Standard for information processing and office equipment),
It preferably has a flame retardancy of 94 HB or higher according to UL-94 (flammability test of plastic materials for parts of equipment).

Configuration Example of Charging Device Applying Charging Member of the Present Invention Next, the configuration of the charging device of the present invention using the above charging member will be described with reference to FIG. This apparatus includes a primary charging member (charging member of the present invention) 501, an image exposure device (not shown), on the peripheral surface of a drum-shaped electrophotographic photosensitive member 507.
A developing device 503, a transfer charging device 504, a cleaning device 505, and a pre-exposure device (not shown) are arranged. In the figure, 502 is exposure light emitted from the image exposure apparatus, 506 is pre-exposure light from the pre-exposure apparatus, and 508.
Indicates a member to be transferred such as paper.

For example, an electrophotographic photosensitive member 50 such as OPC
A voltage (for example, direct current 1.5 KV) is externally applied to the primary charging member 501 arranged in contact with the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 507 to charge the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 507.
The image on the original is imagewise exposed on the photoconductor to form an electrostatic latent image.

Next, the developer in the developing device 503 is adhered to the photoconductor to develop the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor, and the developer on the photoconductor is transferred to the paper by the transfer charging device 504. And the like, and the cleaning device 505 collects the developer remaining on the photoconductor without being transferred to the paper at the time of transfer. Further, when residual charges remain on the photoconductor, it is better to remove the residual charges on the photoconductor by the pre-exposure device before performing the primary charging.

When the charging member of the present invention is used for transfer charging, it can be applied to, for example, an electrophotographic apparatus as shown in FIG. In this apparatus, a primary charging corona charger 601, an image exposing device (not shown), a developing device 503, a transfer charging member (charging member of the present invention) 602, and a cleaning device 505 are provided on the peripheral surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 507. A pre-exposure device (not shown) is arranged. In the drawing, reference numeral 502 denotes exposure light emitted from the image exposure device, and 506
Is the pre-exposure light of the pre-exposure device, and 508 is the transferred member such as paper.

For example, an electrophotographic photosensitive member 50 such as OPC
A voltage (for example, DC −500 to −1000 V) can be applied to the transfer charging member 602 arranged in contact with the image forming member 7 to transfer the developer on the electrophotographic photosensitive member to the transfer target member 508 such as paper. .

Examples 1 to 7 Hereinafter, regarding the charging member of the present invention, [Example 1], [Example 2], [Example 3], [Example 4], [Example 5], [Example 5], [Sixth Embodiment] and [Seventh Embodiment] will be described in this order with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1] In Embodiment 1, the charging member is prepared by the following method. First, as the conductive support 101, a φ8 mm stainless steel core is used. Next, the semiconductive elastic layer 102 is made of the following compound.

GECO type epichlorohydrin rubber (Epichroma CG: manufactured by Daiso) 100 parts by weight tin stearate (manufactured by Kyodo Chemical) 2 parts by weight Amino acid powder (Aminohop LL: manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) 30 parts by weight tetramethylthiuram disulfide (Noccer TT: Ouchi Shinko Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1 part by weight Sulfur (Salfax PMC: Tsurumi Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.3 parts by weight Antimony trioxide (Atox S: made by Nippon Seimitsu Co., Ltd.) 7 parts by weight Aluminum hydroxide (Hijilite H42S: Showa Denko) ) 25 parts by weight Chlorinated paraffin (Empala K-65: made by Ajinomoto) 15 parts by weight

After kneading the above mixture with a two-roll for 15 minutes, a metal mold was formed on a φ8 mm stainless steel core (vulcanization: 150 ° C. × 15 minutes, secondary vulcanization: 155 ° C. × 7 hours).
Then, a semiconductive elastic layer 102 of a roller-shaped charging member having an outer diameter of 14 mm was provided. The volume resistance of this elastic roller is 5 × 10.
It was ⁷ Ω · cm.

The volume resistance of this elastic roller was measured by leaving the roller in an environment of 20 ° C. and 60% for 16 hours, and then measuring 1
A 0 mm width copper foil tape (No. 1245: 3M) was wound around the circumference of the roller to form an electrode, and the measurement was performed using an electrometer (610C: manufactured by Keithley).

The charging roller (charging member of Example 1) manufactured as described above is used as a primary charging member 501 as shown in FIG. 6 in a primary corona charger of a positive development type copying machine FT5500 (manufactured by Ricoh). Instead, attach the photoconductor (OP
C) The drum was brought into contact with the surface of the drum and was driven to rotate.

As a primary charging voltage, a direct current of -1.4 KV is applied, and the initial and durability characteristics of the dark potential of the photoconductor, the potential of the toner on the surface of the charging roller, and the like are examined. Table 1 shows the results.

The adhered state of toner and the like on the surface of the charging roller was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⊚: Toner or the like is slightly attached, but you can easily wipe off the adhered substances on the roller surface with a cloth. ◯: A small amount of toner remains on the roller surface after wiping. Δ: The film cannot be completely wiped off, and a thin film such as toner remains on the roller surface. X: Toner or the like is strongly adhered to the roller surface.

[0050]

[Table 1]

[Example 2] In Example 2, except that the roller elastic layer was compounded from 30 parts by weight to 60 parts by weight of the amino acid powder (Amihope LL: manufactured by Ajinomoto). I did the same. The outer diameter of the roller is φ2
It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness was 8 mm.

The volume resistance of this elastic roller is 6 × 10 ¹⁰ Ω.
・ It was cm. In the same manner as in Example 1, the potential measurement, the contamination state on the surface of the charging roller and the image were examined. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Third Embodiment] In the third embodiment, the composition of the roller elastic layer is the same as that of the first embodiment. Further, it was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the outer diameter of the roller was φ9 mm. In the same manner as in Example 1, the potential measurement, the contamination state of the charging roller surface and the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Example 4 In Example 4, the roller elastic layer was compounded from 100 parts by weight of GECO-based epichlorohydrin rubber (Epichroma CG: Daiso) to ECO-based epichlorohydrin rubber (Epichroma C: Daiso) 1
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the amount was changed to 00 parts by weight. The roller outer diameter was also manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1.

The volume resistance of this elastic roller is 3 × 10 ⁹ Ω.
・ It was cm. In the same manner as in Example 1, the potential measurement, the contamination state of the charging roller surface and the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, the roller elastic layer was compounded in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amino acid powder (Amihope LL: manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Ltd.) was not used. In addition, Example 1 except that the outer diameter of the roller is φ14 mm
Manufactured in the same manner as.

The volume resistance of this elastic roller is 3 × 10 ⁷ Ω.
・ It was cm. In the same manner as in Example 1, the potential measurement, the contamination state of the charging roller surface and the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 2, the roller elastic layer was compounded in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol # 300 was added. Further, the manufacturing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the outer diameter of the roller was φ8.6 mm.

The volume resistance of this elastic roller is 4 × 10 ⁶ Ω.
・ It was cm. In the same manner as in Example 1, the potential measurement, the contamination state of the charging roller surface and the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[Comparative Example 3] In Comparative Example 3, the same procedure as in Example 2 was performed, except that 100 parts by weight of a CO type epichlorohydrin rubber (Epichroma H: manufactured by Daiso) was used for the roller elastic layer. Further, the manufacture was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the outer diameter of the roller was 30 mm.

The volume resistance of this elastic roller is 3 × 10 ¹¹ Ω.
・ It was cm. In the same manner as in Example 1, the potential measurement, the contamination state of the charging roller surface and the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[Embodiment 5] In Embodiment 5, a charging member is prepared by the following method. First, as the conductive support 101, a φ8 mm stainless steel core is used. Next, the semiconductive elastic layer 102 is made of the following compound.

GECO type epichlorohydrin rubber (Epichroma CG: manufactured by Daiso) 100 parts by weight tin stearate (manufactured by Kyodo Chemical) 2 parts by weight Amino acid powder (Aminohop LL: manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) 30 parts by weight Azodicarbonamide (Cermic C: Sansan) Kyokasei) 1.5 parts by weight Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (Nocceller TT: manufactured by Ouchi Shinko) 1 part by weight Sulfur (Salfax PMC: manufactured by Tsurumi Chemical) 0.3 parts by weight Antimony trioxide (Atox S: Nihonsei) Mining) 7 parts by weight Aluminum hydroxide (Hidilite H42S: Showa Denko) 25 parts by weight Chlorinated paraffin (Empara K-65: Ajinomoto) 15 parts by weight

After the above mixture was kneaded with a two-roll for 15 minutes, it was formed on a φ8 mm stainless steel core by a die molding method (vulcanization: 150 ° C. × 45 minutes, secondary vulcanization: 155 ° C. × 20 minutes).
Then, the semiconductive elastic layer 102 of the roller-shaped foam transfer charging member having an outer diameter of 20 mm was provided.

The average bubble diameter of this elastic roller is 50 to 10
It was a single bubble of 0 μm, and the roller resistance value was 3 × 10 ⁶ Ω. The volume resistance of the solid rubber obtained by removing the foaming agent (azodicarbonamide: Celmic C) from this formulation was 6 × 10 ⁷ Ω · cm.

The transfer roller (charging member of Example 5) manufactured as described above is transferred to the transfer charging member 60 as shown in FIG.
2 is attached in place of the transfer corona charger of the positive development type copying machine FT5500 (manufactured by Ricoh), DC 550V is applied for transfer charging, the state of contamination by the toner on the transfer roller surface, the initial and durability characteristics of the image The results are shown in Table 2.

[0067]

[Table 2]

[Example 6] In Example 6, amino acid powder (Amihope LL: manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) was used by mixing the roller elasticity.
Example 5 was repeated except that the addition amount of was changed from 30 parts by weight to 60 parts by weight. Further, the manufacture was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the outer diameter of the roller was 28 mm.

The average bubble diameter of this elastic roller is 30-80.
The resistance value of the roller was 7 × 10 ⁹ Ω, and the volume resistance of the solid rubber was 3 × 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm. Similar to Example 5, the contamination state of the roller surface and the initial and durability characteristics of the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in

Example 7 In Example 7, the composition of the roller elastic layer was the same as in Example 5. The outer diameter of the roller is φ10
It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the thickness was changed to mm.

The average bubble diameter of this elastic roller is 20-80.
The roller had a resistance value of 7 × 10 ⁵ Ω, and the solid rubber had a volume resistance of 5 × 10 ⁷ Ω · cm. Similar to Example 5, the contamination state of the roller surface and the initial and durability characteristics of the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in

[Comparative Example 4] In Comparative Example 4, the roller elasticity was compounded so that amino acid powder (Amihope LL: manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) was used.
Example 5 was repeated except that the whole amount was omitted. Further, the manufacture was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the outer diameter of the roller was set to 20 mm.

The average bubble diameter of this elastic roller is 40 to 90.
The diameter of the roller was 7 × 10 ⁶ Ω and the volume resistance of the solid rubber was 5 × 10 ⁷ Ω · cm. Similar to Example 5, the contamination state of the roller surface and the initial and durability characteristics of the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in

Comparative Example 5 In Comparative Example 5, the roller elastic layer was compounded in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 12 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol # 300 was added. Further, the manufacturing was performed in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the outer diameter of the roller was φ8.8 mm.

The average bubble diameter of this elastic roller is 20-80.
The diameter of the roller was 1 × 10 ⁵ Ω and the volume resistance of the solid rubber was 5 × 10 ⁶ Ω · cm. Similar to Example 5, the contamination state of the roller surface and the initial and durability characteristics of the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in

[Comparative Example 6] In Comparative Example 6, the same procedure as in Example 5 was carried out except that 100 parts by weight of a CO-based epichlorohydrin rubber (Epichroma H: manufactured by Daiso) was used in the roller elastic layer. Further, the manufacturing was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the outer diameter of the roller was 32 mm.

The average bubble diameter of this elastic roller is 10 to 75.
The roller had a resistance value of 5 × 10 ¹⁰ Ω, and the solid rubber had a volume resistance of 2 × 10 ¹¹ Ω · cm. Similar to Example 5, the contamination state of the roller surface and the initial and durability characteristics of the image were examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in

As is clear from Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 as described above, by applying a DC voltage using the charging member of the present invention, the non-adhesiveness of the surface of the charging member is obtained. It is possible to maintain a good output image quality by improving the temperature, suppressing toner adhesion on the surfaces of the charging roller and the transfer roller, and obtaining stable charging characteristics for a long period of time.

Further, by using the charging member of the present invention, it is possible to secure an appropriate charging potential while suppressing the contamination due to the adhesion of toner, paper powder, etc. on the surfaces of the charging roller and the transfer roller, and it is good for a long period of time. It is possible to maintain excellent image quality.

Further, by using the charging member of the present invention, the contamination of the surface of the charging roller and the transfer roller due to the adhesion of toner, paper powder, etc. can be suppressed, and the dielectric breakdown of the photoconductor or the leak due to the photoconductor pinhole can be prevented. Therefore, good image quality can be maintained for a long period of time.

[0081]

As described above, in the charging member of the present invention (claim 1), since the semiconductive elastic layer contains the amino acid powder, the charging member (charging roller, transfer roller).
Contamination caused by adhesion of toner, paper powder, etc. on the surface can be suppressed, stable charging characteristics can be obtained for a long period of time, and durability of the charging member can be improved. In addition, good output image quality can be maintained.

The charging member of the present invention (claim 2) is
Since the semiconductive elastic layer has a volume resistance in the range of 10 ⁷ to 10 ¹⁰ Ω · cm, contamination due to adhesion of toner, paper powder, etc. on the surface of the charging member (charging roller, transfer roller) is suppressed, It is possible to obtain stable charging characteristics for a long period of time, improve the durability of the charging member, secure an appropriate charging potential, and maintain good image quality for a long period of time.

The charging member of the present invention (claim 3) is
Since the thickness of the semi-conductive elastic layer is in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm, contamination due to adhesion of toner, paper powder, etc. on the surface of the charging member (charging roller, transfer roller) is suppressed, and stable charging for a long time The characteristics can be obtained, the durability of the charging member can be improved, the dielectric breakdown of the photoconductor or the leak due to the photoconductor pinhole can be prevented, and the good image quality can be maintained for a long period of time. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a charging member (roller shape) of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a charging member (roller shape) of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a charging member (flat plate shape) of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a charging member (flat plate shape) of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a charging member (belt-shaped) of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of an electrophotographic apparatus to which the charging member of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of an electrophotographic apparatus to which the charging member of the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 101 conductive support 102 semi-conductive elastic layer 103 conductive elastic layer 501 primary charging member 503 developing device 504 transfer charging device 505 cleaning device 507 electrophotographic photoreceptor 508 transferred member 601 primary charging corona charger 602 transfer charging member

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A charging member comprising a semiconductive elastic layer mainly composed of epichlorohydrin rubber provided on a conductive support, wherein the semiconductive elastic layer contains an amino acid-based powder. Charging member. 2. The semiconductive elastic layer comprises 10 ⁷ to 10 ¹⁰ Ω.
The charging member according to claim 1, which has a volume resistance in the range of cm. 3. The semiconductive elastic layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 1
The charging member according to claim 1, wherein the charging member is in a range of 0 mm.