JPH08100903A - Low nitrogen oxide burner - Google Patents

Low nitrogen oxide burner

Info

Publication number
JPH08100903A
JPH08100903A JP23734994A JP23734994A JPH08100903A JP H08100903 A JPH08100903 A JP H08100903A JP 23734994 A JP23734994 A JP 23734994A JP 23734994 A JP23734994 A JP 23734994A JP H08100903 A JPH08100903 A JP H08100903A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
burner
electrodes
flame
group
nitrogen oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP23734994A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mikio Ochi
幹夫 越智
Tsukasa Shigesumi
司 重住
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NIPPON UPRO KK
Toto Ltd
Original Assignee
NIPPON UPRO KK
Toto Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NIPPON UPRO KK, Toto Ltd filed Critical NIPPON UPRO KK
Priority to JP23734994A priority Critical patent/JPH08100903A/en
Publication of JPH08100903A publication Critical patent/JPH08100903A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce NOx generating amount in exhaust gas as much as possible by arranging all electrodes charged with positive charge relatively at a burner on the upper surface of the burner in a burner for diffuse burning fuel containing hydrocarbon. CONSTITUTION: A burner structure A for diffuse burning fuel containing hydrocarbon has electrodes 14 made of metal gauzes covering all the burners 11. When fuel is methane CH4 , the methane is oxidized by O2 , OH, etc., in a flame having low air ratio, the hydrogen is sequentially removed, the part becomes CH group, and then endothermic reaction occurs. However, the electrodes 14 are arranged over the burner 11. When a voltage of +10V is applied to the same electrodes, very large energy is generated, and the said energy can be applied to the endothermic reaction. Accordingly, almost all the CH group can be advanced to the predetermined reaction, and the generation of NOx due to the CH group can be effectively suppressed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、NOx を低減することが
できる低窒素酸化物燃焼装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a low nitrogen oxide combustion device capable of reducing NOx.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】拡散火炎のように、局所的に高濃度の部
分がある燃焼装置において、炭化水素系燃料が燃焼する
ときは、火炎中にCH基が生成し、prompt NO の生成の一
つである下記の反応 (A 系) が知られている。
2. Description of the Related Art When a hydrocarbon-based fuel burns in a combustion device such as a diffusion flame that has a locally high concentration, CH radicals are produced in the flame, which is one of the production of prompt NO. The following reaction (system A) is known.

【0003】 A系 : CH + N2 → HCN + N HCN + OH → CN + H2O CN + O→ CO + N N + O2 → NO + O 及び、 CH + N2 → HCN + N N + O2 → NO + O また、CH基は、次のような反応 (B系) で、NOを生成す
ることなく、燃焼することも知られている。
System A: CH + N 2 → HCN + N HCN + OH → CN + H 2 O CN + O → CO + NN + O 2 → NO + O and CH + N 2 → HCN + NN + O 2 → NO + O It is also known that the CH group burns in the following reaction (B type) without producing NO.

【0004】B系 : CH + O→ CHO+ + e CHO + + H2O → H3O + CO H3O + e → H2O + HB type: CH + O → CHO + + e CHO + + H 2 O → H 3 O + CO H 3 O + e → H 2 O + H

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記した炭化
水素系の燃焼において、B系反応の律速段階である、CH
+O → CHO+ + e は、吸熱反応 (−ΔH0=−20 kcal/
mol)なので反応が遅く、火炎中のCH基は、むしろA系の
反応によってNOとなり、燃焼装置外に排気され、大気を
汚染していた。
However, in the above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based combustion, CH, which is the rate-determining step of the B-based reaction, is used.
+ O → CHO ++ e is an endothermic reaction (−ΔH 0 = −20 kcal /
mol), the reaction was slow, and the CH group in the flame became NO due to the reaction of the A system, and was exhausted outside the combustor, polluting the atmosphere.

【0006】本発明は、上記した課題を解決することが
できる、即ち、排気ガス中のNOx 発生量を可及的に低減
することができる低窒素酸化物燃焼装置を提供すること
を目的とする。
An object of the present invention is to provide a low nitrogen oxide combustion apparatus which can solve the above-mentioned problems, that is, can reduce the NOx generation amount in exhaust gas as much as possible. .

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、炭化水素を含
む燃料を拡散燃焼させる燃焼装置において、バーナに対
して相対的に正の電荷を帯びた電極を、全てのバーナの
上面に配設したことを特徴とする低窒素酸化物燃焼装置
に係るものである。
According to the present invention, in a combustion apparatus for diffusing and burning a fuel containing hydrocarbon, an electrode having a positive charge relatively to the burner is provided on the upper surface of all the burners. The present invention relates to a low-nitrogen oxide combustion device characterized by the above.

【0008】本発明は、また、上記した構成において、
電極を金網若しくはパンチングメタルより構成し、バー
ナからの火炎を横断するように配設したこと、及び、電
極を直流電源に接続したことにも構成上の特徴を有す
る。
The present invention also provides, in the above structure,
The electrodes are made of wire mesh or punched metal, and are arranged so as to traverse the flame from the burner, and the electrodes are connected to a DC power source.

【0009】[0009]

【実施例】以下、添付図を参照して、本発明の一実施例
に係る低窒素酸化物燃焼装置を具体的に説明する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A low nitrogen oxide combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

【0010】(構成)図1に本実施例に係る低窒素酸化物
燃焼装置のバーナ構造Aを示す。
(Structure) FIG. 1 shows a burner structure A of a low nitrogen oxide combustion apparatus according to this embodiment.

【0011】図示するように、バーナ収納ケース10内
に、偏平板状のバーナ11が、ケース長手方向に一定間隔
を開けて多数並設されており、各バーナ11は、その上面
中央部に、バーナ炎孔部12を有するとともに、その両側
部に、2次空気孔13を有している。そして、バーナ炎孔
部12より、炭化水素を含む燃料と空気との混合ガスを噴
出するとともに、2次空気孔13より補助空気を噴出する
構成となっている。
As shown in the figure, a large number of flat plate-shaped burners 11 are arranged side by side in the burner housing case 10 at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the case. It has burner flame holes 12 and secondary air holes 13 on both sides thereof. The burner flame hole 12 ejects a mixed gas of fuel containing hydrocarbon and air, and the secondary air hole 13 ejects auxiliary air.

【0012】また、バーナ収納ケース10は、その上方
に、金網からなる電極14を配設しており、同金網の広さ
は、全てのバーナ11をカバーすることができる面積を有
している。
Further, the burner housing case 10 is provided with an electrode 14 made of a wire mesh above the burner storage case 10, and the size of the wire mesh has an area capable of covering all the burners 11. .

【0013】さらに、かかる電極14の一側近傍にはフレ
ームロッド15が配設されており、このフレームロッド15
は電線16を介して一側バーナ11の側壁に接続されてい
る。また、電極14の他端は、電線17及び直流電源18を介
して他側バーナ11の側壁に連結されている。
Further, a frame rod 15 is arranged near one side of the electrode 14, and the frame rod 15 is provided.
Is connected to the side wall of the one-side burner 11 via an electric wire 16. The other end of the electrode 14 is connected to the side wall of the other burner 11 via the electric wire 17 and the DC power supply 18.

【0014】従って、炎のある場合には、直流電源18よ
り、電極14→炎→フレームロッド15を通じて通電するこ
とができ、また、その電流を電線16に直列に設けた電流
検出回路19で検出することによって、炎の有無を判断す
ることにしている。
Therefore, when there is a flame, it can be energized from the DC power source 18 through the electrode 14 → flame → frame rod 15, and the current is detected by the current detection circuit 19 provided in series with the electric wire 16. By doing so, it is decided to determine whether or not there is a flame.

【0015】また、上記した構成に代えて、フレームロ
ッド15は直接図示しない制御装置に接続し、同制御装置
からの出力に基づいて炎を有無を検出する一方で、電極
14への通電は、直流電源18→電極14→炎→バーナ11→直
流電源18へのループによって行うこともできる。
Further, instead of the above-mentioned structure, the frame rod 15 is directly connected to a control device (not shown), and the presence or absence of flame is detected based on the output from the control device, while the electrode
It is also possible to energize 14 by a loop of DC power supply 18 → electrode 14 → flame → burner 11 → DC power supply 18.

【0016】(作用)今、炭化水素を含む燃料がメタン(C
H4) の場合を参照して、上記した構成を有するバーナ構
造Aの作動について説明すると、メタンは、空気比の低
い火炎中でO2やOH等に酸化され、順次、水素が奪われる
結果、一部がCH基になり、その後、以下の吸熱反応が生
じる。
(Operation) Now, the fuel containing hydrocarbons is methane (C
The operation of the burner structure A having the above configuration will be described with reference to the case of H 4 ). As a result, methane is oxidized into O 2 and OH in a flame with a low air ratio, and hydrogen is sequentially deprived. , Part of which becomes a CH group, and then the following endothermic reaction occurs.

【0017】CH +O → CHO+ + e −20 kal/mol しかし、本発明では、バーナ10の上方に、同バーナ10か
らの燃焼炎を横断する状態で、金網からなる電極14を配
設しており、同電極14に+100 Vの電圧を印加すると、
以下の式から明らかなように、非常に大きなエネルギー
を生じ、同エネルギーを上記した反応に与えることがで
きる。
CH + O → CHO ++ e-20 kal / mol However, in the present invention, the electrode 14 made of a wire mesh is arranged above the burner 10 in a state of traversing the combustion flame from the burner 10. If a voltage of +100 V is applied to the electrode 14,
As is apparent from the equation below, a very large amount of energy can be generated and given to the above reaction.

【0018】e・E・Na = 1.60 ×10 -19 × 100
× 6.02 × 1023 = 9648 kJ/ mol = 2300 kcal/mol 従って、CH基の殆どを、従来技術で説明したB系の反応
で進ませることができ、CH基に起因するNOの生成を効果
的に抑制することができる。
E ・ E ・ N a = 1.60 × 10 -19 × 100
X 6.02 x 10 23 = 9648 kJ / mol = 2300 kcal / mol Therefore, most of the CH groups can be promoted by the reaction of the B system described in the prior art, and NO generation due to the CH groups is effective. Can be suppressed.

【0019】本出願人が、上記したバーナ構造Aを用い
て行った燃焼実験の結果を図2に示す。
FIG. 2 shows the result of a combustion experiment conducted by the applicant of the present invention using the above-described burner structure A.

【0020】図2から明らかなように、従来の燃焼装置
のバーナ構造では、排気ガス中のNO濃度が 85 ppm であ
るのに対し、本発明では、バーナ11の上方に配設した金
網からなる電極14への電圧印加によって、thermal NO
や、CH2 起因の prompt NOは別として、CH基起因のprom
pt NO を略完全に無くすことができ、排気ガス中のNO濃
度を 70 ppm とすることができた。
As is clear from FIG. 2, the NO concentration in the exhaust gas is 85 ppm in the conventional burner structure of the combustion apparatus, whereas in the present invention, it is composed of the wire mesh arranged above the burner 11. By applying a voltage to the electrode 14, the thermal NO
Aside from the prompt NO caused by CH 2 , the prom caused by CH group
It was possible to eliminate pt NO almost completely, and the NO concentration in the exhaust gas could be 70 ppm.

【0021】また、印加電圧は常時正電圧を流すことが
でき、NO低減効果を常時図ることができる観点から、直
流電源18が望ましいが、交流電源を用いることもでき
る。この場合、印加電圧が交流になり、負電圧の間は電
流が流れず、正電圧の間だけ電流が流れることになる
が、比較的高い周波数にすれば、上記した直流電源18の
場合と同様なNO低減効果を得ることができる。さらに、
電流の直流成分のみをフレームロッド15によって検出す
れば、確実な火炎検知が可能となる。即ち、ショートに
よって誤検知することがない。
Further, the DC power supply 18 is preferable from the viewpoint that a positive voltage can always be applied as the applied voltage and the NO reduction effect can always be achieved, but an AC power supply can also be used. In this case, the applied voltage becomes alternating current, current does not flow during the negative voltage, and current flows only during the positive voltage, but if the frequency is relatively high, the same as in the case of the DC power supply 18 described above. The effect of reducing NO can be obtained. further,
If only the DC component of the current is detected by the frame rod 15, it is possible to reliably detect the flame. That is, there is no false detection due to a short circuit.

【0022】以上、本発明を、図示の実施例を参照して
説明してきたが、本発明は、上記した実施例に何ら限定
されるものではなく、例えば、電極14として、金網に代
えてパンチングメタルを用いることもできる。
Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the illustrated embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the electrode 14 is punched in place of a wire mesh. Metal can also be used.

【0023】[0023]

【効果】以上説明してきたように、本発明では、炭化水
素を含む燃料を拡散燃焼させる燃焼装置において、バー
ナに対して相対的に正の電荷を帯びた金網やパンチング
メタル等からなる電極を、全てのバーナの上面に配設し
ている。
As described above, according to the present invention, in a combustion device for diffusing and burning a fuel containing hydrocarbon, an electrode made of a wire net or punching metal or the like having a positive charge relative to the burner is provided. It is installed on the upper surface of all burners.

【0024】従って、バーナからの火炎中のCH基起因の
prompt N0の生成を略完全に無くすことができ、排気ガ
ス中のNOx 濃度を可及的に低減することができる。
Therefore, due to the CH group in the flame from the burner
The generation of prompt N0 can be almost completely eliminated, and the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas can be reduced as much as possible.

【0025】本発明は、また、直流電源を用いた場合
は、常時、電極に正の電流を流すことができるので、NO
x の低減効果を高めることができる。
According to the present invention, when a direct current power source is used, a positive current can always flow through the electrodes, so that NO
The effect of reducing x can be enhanced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明に係る低窒素酸化物燃焼装置のバーナ構
造の概念的全体構成図である。
FIG. 1 is a conceptual overall configuration diagram of a burner structure of a low nitrogen oxide combustion device according to the present invention.

【図2】上記バーナ構造を用いて行った燃焼実験の結果
を示すグラフである。
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a combustion experiment conducted using the above burner structure.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

A バーナ構造 10 バーナ収納ケース 11 バーナ 12 バーナ炎孔部 13 2次空気孔 14 電極 15 フレームロッド 16 電線 17 電線 18 直流電源 A Burner structure 10 Burner storage case 11 Burner 12 Burner Flame hole 13 Secondary air hole 14 Electrode 15 Frame rod 16 Wire 17 Wire 18 DC power supply

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】炭化水素を含む燃料を拡散燃焼させる燃焼
装置において、バーナに対して相対的に正の電荷を帯び
た電極を、全てのバーナの上面に配設したことを特徴と
する低窒素酸化物燃焼装置。
1. A low-nitrogen gas combustion apparatus for diffusively burning hydrocarbon-containing fuel, characterized in that an electrode having a positive charge relative to a burner is provided on the upper surface of every burner. Oxide combustion device.
【請求項2】電極を金網若しくはパンチングメタルより
構成し、バーナからの火炎を横断するように配設したこ
とを特徴とする請求項1記載の低窒素酸化物燃焼装置。
2. The low-nitrogen oxide combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is made of wire mesh or punching metal and is arranged so as to traverse the flame from the burner.
【請求項3】電極を直流電源に接続したことを特徴とす
る請求項1記載の低窒素酸化物燃焼装置。
3. The low-nitrogen oxide combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrodes are connected to a DC power supply.
JP23734994A 1994-09-30 1994-09-30 Low nitrogen oxide burner Pending JPH08100903A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23734994A JPH08100903A (en) 1994-09-30 1994-09-30 Low nitrogen oxide burner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23734994A JPH08100903A (en) 1994-09-30 1994-09-30 Low nitrogen oxide burner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08100903A true JPH08100903A (en) 1996-04-16

Family

ID=17014081

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP23734994A Pending JPH08100903A (en) 1994-09-30 1994-09-30 Low nitrogen oxide burner

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH08100903A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160161115A1 (en) * 2012-10-23 2016-06-09 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Burner with electrodynamic flame position control system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160161115A1 (en) * 2012-10-23 2016-06-09 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Burner with electrodynamic flame position control system

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