JPH0799987A - Precursor of plastid(amyloplast), preparation of new plastid by improving synthetic function of its initial and production of new carbohydrate, starch-related substance and low-molecular carbohydrate using the new plasmid - Google Patents

Precursor of plastid(amyloplast), preparation of new plastid by improving synthetic function of its initial and production of new carbohydrate, starch-related substance and low-molecular carbohydrate using the new plasmid

Info

Publication number
JPH0799987A
JPH0799987A JP27882493A JP27882493A JPH0799987A JP H0799987 A JPH0799987 A JP H0799987A JP 27882493 A JP27882493 A JP 27882493A JP 27882493 A JP27882493 A JP 27882493A JP H0799987 A JPH0799987 A JP H0799987A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
plastid
starch
amyloplast
new
initial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP27882493A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsunosuke Kosaka
勝之助 匂坂
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP27882493A priority Critical patent/JPH0799987A/en
Priority to PCT/JP1994/001400 priority patent/WO1995009242A1/en
Publication of JPH0799987A publication Critical patent/JPH0799987A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
    • C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
    • C12N15/8242—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
    • C12N15/8243—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine
    • C12N15/8245—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine involving modified carbohydrate or sugar alcohol metabolism, e.g. starch biosynthesis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method to be used for synthesis.production of a carbohydrate by forming a plastic(amyloplast) improved in the metabolic function of carbohydrates, by making use of a plastid(amyloplast)initial. CONSTITUTION:As plastid(amyloplast)initial lacks in starch synthesis enzymic activity, it is easy to impart it with a related enzymatic activity to express the activity therefrom or suppress an endogenous activity expression therefrom. Based on this mechanism, the enzymatic activity in the plastid(amyloplast) is improved by using a technique of cell engineering or genetics to impart it with function to synthesize new carbohydrates.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【産業上の利用分野】 植物・微生物を利用して炭水化
物を合成・製造する産業。[Industrial field of application] Industry that uses plants and microorganisms to synthesize and manufacture carbohydrates.

【従来の技術】 プラスチド（アミロプラスト）イニシ
ャルは１９９０年に見出された新規の細胞小器官であっ
て、この機能を利用或は改良して生産に応用した技術は
これまで知られていない。アミロペクチン或はアミロー
ズがその大部分を占める澱粉粒を工業的に生産する技術
はまだ見出されていない。また、澱粉粒数が細胞内で増
加する機構はこれまで知られていなかったので、大型或
は小型の澱粉粒を生産する技術も知られていない。デキ
ストリンの製造は微生物に糖類を与えて、これらを転換
させる方法によって行っている。2. Description of the Related Art Plastid (amyloplast) initials are novel organelles found in 1990, and no technology for utilizing or improving this function to apply them to production has been known so far. A technique for industrially producing starch granules in which amylopectin or amylose occupies most of them has not been found yet. Further, since the mechanism of increasing the number of starch granules in cells has not been known so far, there is no known technique for producing large or small starch granules. Dextrin is produced by a method of converting sugars by giving sugars to microorganisms.

【発明が解決しようとする課題】 澱粉粒の性質は、こ
れを構成するアミロペクチン或はアミロースの比率で著
しく変化するので、成分の異なる澱粉粒を生産すること
が望まれている。この発明は植物細胞のプラスチドで合
成される段階で成分比を変えることにより多様な澱粉粒
に対する需要に応じることを課題とてしいる。澱粉粒の
サイズ等についても同様にプラスチド中の合成段階でこ
れを決定することを課題としている。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Since the properties of starch granules are significantly changed depending on the ratio of amylopectin or amylose constituting them, it is desired to produce starch granules having different components. It is an object of the present invention to meet the demand for various starch granules by changing the component ratio at the stage of plastid synthesis in plant cells. Similarly, regarding the size of starch granules, it is a subject to determine this at the synthesis stage in plastid.

【課題を解決するための手段】 この発明は新規オルガ
ネラの機能に改良を加えて特定の澱粉粒或は炭水化物を
合成させるものである。従って、目的物を得るについて
は、それぞれについて必要な操作を加えるものである。
この時に必要な操作は通常の手法である。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is to improve the function of a novel organelle to synthesize a specific starch grain or carbohydrate. Therefore, in order to obtain the target product, necessary operations are added for each.
The operation required at this time is a usual method.

【発明の効果】 応用する生産系は植物由来の天然の澱
粉合成系であって、プラスチド（アミロプラスト）イニ
シャルが発達して、およそ１２倍以上の体積を占めるプ
ラスチド（アミロプラスト）となり、澱粉粒等の炭水化
物の合成を行っているものである。また、この発明に関
連して人為的に加える操作に必要な細胞機能の情報源
（ＤＮＡ）は天然に存在し、食品製造に用いられ得る生
物源のものを利用することが必要である。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The production system to be applied is a plant-derived natural starch synthesis system, in which plastid (amyloplast) initials are developed to form plastid (amyloplast) occupying a volume of about 12 times or more, and starch granules such as starch granules are produced. The synthesis of carbohydrates. Further, in connection with the present invention, the information source (DNA) of the cell function necessary for the artificially added operation exists naturally, and it is necessary to utilize the biological source that can be used for food production.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (54)【発明の名称】 プラスチド（アミロプラスト）の前駆体、プラスチド（ア ミロプラスト）イニシャル、の合成 機能の改良による新規 プラスチドの作製とこれらを用いる新規炭水化物、澱粉関 連物質及び 低分子炭水化物類の製造 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (54) [Title of Invention] Synthesis of plastid (amyloplast) precursor, plastid (amyloplast) initials, production of new plastids by improving the function, and novel carbohydrates and starch-related substances using them Manufacture of substances and low molecular weight carbohydrates

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】１ この発明はプラスチド（アミロプラス
ト）の前駆体であるプラスチド（アミロプラスト）イニ
シャルの段階から炭水化物合成機能の改良を行い、発現
せしめ、プラスチド（アミロプラスト）イニシャルから
成熟プラスチド（アミロプラスト）に達する過程におけ
る低分子及び高分子の炭水化物合成に利用する内容に係
わるものである。 ２ 澱粉粒結合性の澱粉合成酵素を欠如せしめるか或は
この酵素活性の発現を抑制してアミロペクチンがほぼ１
００％を占める澱粉を作る方法。アミロース合成活性の
欠如或は抑制によるアミロペクチン含有量の高い澱粉の
合成もこれに含まれる。 ３ ブランチング酵素の活性を低下せしめてアミロース
含有量の高い澱粉の製造を行う方法 ４ 微生物等の他の生物の澱粉合成酵素をプラスチド
（アミロプラス）イニシャル中で発現せしめ、上記２と
３の目的を達する方法。 ５ プラスチド（アミロプラスト）イニシャルの発達の
初期段階で、澱粉粒の出芽及び分裂による増加を抑制し
プラスチド（アミロプラスト）に含まれる澱粉粒数を数
箇に調節して大型澱粉粒の製造を行なう方法。 ６ プラスチド（アミロプラスト）イニシャルの発達の
全過程で出芽と分裂による澱粉粒数の増加をうながし、
澱粉粒数を増加せしめて小型の澱粉粒の製造を行う方
法。 ７ プラスチド（アミロプラスト）イニシャル中のＡＤ
Ｐ−グルコースピロホスホリラーゼ活性を高めるか或は
他の生物由来のＡＤＰ−グルコースピロホスホリラーゼ
活性を付与して澱粉の増収を行う方法。 ８ ＤＮＡ或はＲＮＡを植物細胞或は組織に与えて、こ
れから生成する酵素（例シクロデキストリングリコシル
トランスフェラーゼ）の作用によりシクロデキストリン
等を製造する方法。 ９ 異なる植物の生産する炭水化物の製造を行う方法。1. The present invention improves the carbohydrate synthesis function from the stage of plastid (amyloplast) initial, which is a precursor of plastid (amyloplast), and causes it to be expressed to reach mature plastid (amyloplast) from plastid (amyloplast) initial. It relates to the contents utilized for the synthesis of low-molecular and high-molecular carbohydrates in the process. 2 Amylopectin is almost eliminated by eliminating starch granule-binding starch synthase or suppressing the expression of this enzyme activity.
A method of making starch that occupies 00%. This also includes the synthesis of starch with a high amylopectin content due to the lack or inhibition of amylose synthesis activity. 3 Method for producing starch with high amylose content by reducing activity of blanching enzyme 4 Expressing starch synthase of other organisms such as microorganisms in plastid (amyloplas) initials, the purpose of 2 and 3 above How to reach. 5. A method for producing large starch granules by controlling the number of starch granules contained in plastid (amyloplast) to several at the initial stage of the development of plastid (amyloplast) initials and suppressing the increase due to budding and division of starch granules. 6 Prompt increase in the number of starch grains due to germination and division during the whole process of development of plastid (amyloplast),
A method for producing small starch granules by increasing the number of starch granules. 7 AD in plastid (amiloplast) initials
A method for increasing the yield of starch by increasing P-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity or imparting ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity derived from another organism. (8) A method for producing cyclodextrin or the like by giving DNA or RNA to a plant cell or a tissue, and acting an enzyme (eg, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase) produced therefrom. 9. A method for producing carbohydrates produced by different plants.
JP27882493A 1993-09-30 1993-09-30 Precursor of plastid(amyloplast), preparation of new plastid by improving synthetic function of its initial and production of new carbohydrate, starch-related substance and low-molecular carbohydrate using the new plasmid Pending JPH0799987A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27882493A JPH0799987A (en) 1993-09-30 1993-09-30 Precursor of plastid(amyloplast), preparation of new plastid by improving synthetic function of its initial and production of new carbohydrate, starch-related substance and low-molecular carbohydrate using the new plasmid
PCT/JP1994/001400 WO1995009242A1 (en) 1993-09-30 1994-08-22 Production of novel carbohydrate with improved plastid initial

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27882493A JPH0799987A (en) 1993-09-30 1993-09-30 Precursor of plastid(amyloplast), preparation of new plastid by improving synthetic function of its initial and production of new carbohydrate, starch-related substance and low-molecular carbohydrate using the new plasmid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0799987A true JPH0799987A (en) 1995-04-18

Family

ID=17602669

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP27882493A Pending JPH0799987A (en) 1993-09-30 1993-09-30 Precursor of plastid(amyloplast), preparation of new plastid by improving synthetic function of its initial and production of new carbohydrate, starch-related substance and low-molecular carbohydrate using the new plasmid

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0799987A (en)
WO (1) WO1995009242A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9412018D0 (en) * 1994-06-16 1994-08-03 Cambridge Advanced Tech Modification of starch content in plants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995009242A1 (en) 1995-04-06

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