JPH079956A - Brake block changing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To change a brake block automatically and efficiently by providing a brake block changing unit, which can adjust a brake block head finely and accurately in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction, in a pit formed under rails. CONSTITUTION:A brake block changing device is positioned by a traveling frame 26, which slides inside of a pit in the direction at a right angle against rails, and a housing 31, which slides on the traveling frame 26 in the direction in parallel with the rails. An elevating member 35 is provided inside of the housing 31, and the height position of the elevating member 35 is decided by the operation of a wheel set height detecting sensor 55. A pair of moving shafts are provided in a disc width adjusting shaft freely to slide, and the position of a brake block changing unit 43 is positioned so as to copy the inner surface of a brake lining receiver 14. Next, when a brake block head 16 is pinched by a centering clamp 49 and a brake block supporting plate 46, the core of an impact wrench 450 provided in the brake block changing unit 43 and the core of the brake block head 16 coincide with each other. At this stage, the impact wrench 450 is elevated and rotated to change the brake block.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brake shoe exchanging device for automatically removing and assembling brake shoes (brake lining receiver, lining and bolt) of a disc brake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a plan view of a bogie having a wheel axle with a disc brake, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of FIG. And a vehicle body supporting device 3 provided on the pair of bogie frames 1, and a wheel shaft 5 rotates on bearings 4 provided at front and rear portions of the pair of bogie frames 1, respectively. A disc-shaped brake disc 6 is mounted on the wheel axle 5 so that it can be supported.

An intermediate portion of a pair of clamp levers 8 is pivotally attached to a support base 7 projecting from the connecting frame 2 toward the brake disc 6, and one end of the clamp lever 8 is brought into contact with and separated from both side faces of the brake disc 6. A brake shoe 9 is attached,
A spring 10 stretched over the other ends of the pair of clamp levers 8.
The brake shoe 9 is urged in a direction away from the brake disc 6 by the brake cylinder 6 (see FIG. 10). A cylinder 11 is provided at the other end of the pair of clamp levers 8. When the cylinder 11 is activated, the brake shoe 9 moves toward the brake disc 6. The wheel shaft 5 is braked by being pressed against both side surfaces (see FIG. 11).

As shown in FIGS. 12, 13 and 14, the brake shoe 9 has a brake lining 12 that is pressed against both side surfaces of the brake disc 6, and a hole 13 for inserting a bolt on the lower surface of the brake lining 12 that is fixed. The brake lining receiver 14 provided and a screw hole 15 fixed to the dolly on the lower surface
And a bolt 17 that is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 13 and is screwed into the screw hole 15. Then, each time braking is applied, the surface of the brake lining 12 wears and becomes gradually thinner. Therefore, when the vehicle is operated for a certain period, the bolt 17 must be removed to remove the brake lining receiver 14.

[0005]

This replacement work is a narrow work, in which a trolley is placed on a rail, and a worker who has entered a pit provided below the rail works in an upward posture. Moreover, the work environment is extremely bad because the truck is covered with mud and dust, and the work is performed with the arm extended upwards, so the degree of fatigue is high, and the work is harsh for the operator, and inefficient. It was a lot of work.

As described above, there is an error in the mounting position of the brake shoe of the bogie, and the dimensions of the brake shoe are not constant due to surface abrasion, even though the labor saving and automation are highly required. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the position of the automatic machine for each trolley, and it is difficult to detect the position due to the mud and dust adhering to the trolley, and there is no suitable automatic device. The present invention is intended to solve such problems.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a brake shoe replacement device of the present invention comprises a rail installed in a pit formed under a rail and an X-axis direction (railway) on the rail. A traveling platform that slides in a direction perpendicular to the direction), and a housing that slides on the traveling platform in the Y-axis direction (direction parallel to the rail).
An elevating member provided to be able to move up and down in the housing, a pair of moving members provided to be slidable on a disc width adjusting shaft provided to the elevating member, and the moving member being clamped to X.
A spring that urges the shaft to the neutral position in the axial and Y-axis directions,
A brake shoe replacement unit base having a disc width adjusting cylinder provided between the pair of moving members, and a guide plate that is erected on the upper surface of the moving member and has an inclined guide surface formed on the inner tip portion thereof, A brake shoe support plate that is erected on the upper surface of each brake shoe replacement unit base and that faces the one side surface of the brake shoe head fixed to the bogie of the vehicle in the raised position, and is provided on the brake shoe replacement unit base. Further, the centering clamp is fixed to the piston of the clamping cylinder and comes into pressure contact with the other side surface of the brake shoe head at the raised position, and an impact wrench provided on each brake shoe replacement unit base.

Alternatively, a housing installed in a pit formed under the rail, an elevating member capable of ascending and descending in the housing, and a disc width adjusting shaft provided in the elevating member are slidable. A pair of moving members provided,
A spring for pressing the moving member to urge it to a neutral position in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, a disk width adjusting cylinder provided between the pair of moving members, and an upright position on the upper surface of the moving member. A brake shoe replacement unit base having a guide plate having an inclined guide surface formed on the inner tip portion thereof, and a control member fixedly mounted on the carriage of the vehicle in an upright position, standing on the upper surface of each brake shoe replacement unit base. A center plate that is fixed to the brake shoe support plate facing one side surface of the pendulum head and the piston of the pinching cylinder provided on the brake shoe replacement unit base, and presses against the other side surface of the brake shoe head in the raised position. It is composed of a delivery clamp and an impact wrench provided on each brake shoe replacement unit base.

[0009]

The operation of removing and mounting the brake shoe by the brake shoe exchanging device constructed as described above is as follows.
In the case of a brake shoe replacement device having a traveling base that slides in the X-axis direction and a housing that slides in the Y-axis direction, after the vehicle requiring replacement of the brake shoe is positioned on the rail, the brake shoe replacement device is provided. When the automatic driving of (1) is started, the traveling base moves toward almost directly below the bogie of the vehicle. When the sensor for detecting the position of the brake disc detects the position of the brake disc,
The traveling motor stops, and positioning of the traveling platform in the X-axis direction (direction orthogonal to the rail) is completed.

Next, when the housing moves in the Y-axis direction (direction parallel to the rail) and the wheel shaft position detecting sensor detects the wheel shaft position, the positioning of the housing in the Y-axis direction is completed. After the positioning is performed as described above, the operation is similar to that of the housing-fixed type brake shoe exchanging device.

That is, the elevating member rises and stops when the wheel axle height detection sensor detects the position of the wheel axle, and the positioning of the height of the elevating member is completed. As the lifting member rises, the inclined surface of the guide plate rises along the side surface of the brake disc, and the position of the moving member is substantially aligned with the position of the brake disc. Next, when the disk width adjusting cylinder is extended and expanded until the stopper abuts against the inner surface of the brake shoe, the brake shoe support plate and the brake shoe are accurately aligned. Thus, the fine adjustment in the X-axis direction of each brake shoe replacement unit is completed.

Next, when the brake shoe head is clamped by the centering clamp and the brake shoe support plate by the clamp cylinder, the fine adjustment in the Y-axis direction of the brake shoe replacement unit with respect to the brake shoe head is completed. Thus, the axis of the impact wrench and the axis of the bolt of the brake shoe head are aligned.

When the impact wrench rises, the tip of the impact wrench is fitted to the head of the bolt for mounting the brake shoe, and when the impact wrench is rotated, the bolt is removed from the brake shoe head. At this time, since the brake lining receiver is sandwiched between the brake shoe support plate and the centering clamp, there is no risk of the brake lining receptacle falling or falling out of the brake shoe replacement unit. Also, the bolt does not fall because it is in the hole of the brake lining receiver.

After the elevating member descends and the traveling base and the housing return to the old position, the centering clamp is loosened and the brake lining receiver and the bolt are taken out. Thus,
The automatic take-out operation of the brake shoe is completed. The operation of installing a new brake shoe is almost the same as the operation of taking out, and in the type in which the traveling base 26 and the housing 31 slide,
The brake lining receiver, through which the bolt is inserted, is sandwiched between the brake shoe support plate and the centering clamp to position the traveling platform in the X-axis direction and the housing in the Y-axis direction. The subsequent operation is the same as that of the fixed housing type. After raising and lowering the lifting member, fine adjustments are made in the X-axis and Y-axis directions of the brake shoe replacement unit, and then the impact wrench is rotated while rotating to install a new bolt. Screw in and attach the brake lining receiver to the brake shoe head.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the essential parts of a brake shoe replacement device, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the essential parts of a brake shoe replacement device, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the whole arrangement of an apparatus. As shown in FIG. 3, a rail 20 is laid on the floor surface, and a pit 21 extending from below the rail 20 in a direction perpendicular to the rail 20 (X-axis direction) is formed. Inside the pit 21, a brake shoe replacement device is provided. Is provided.

In the brake shoe changing device, as shown in FIG. 2, two bearings 23 are attached to the upper surface of a bed 22 installed on the floor of the pit 21 (only one bearing 23 is shown in FIG. 2). Both ends of the X-axis drive screw 24 are rotatably supported by the bearing 23, and the traveling motor 25 is connected to the end of the X-axis drive screw 24. A nut 27 that is screwed onto the X-axis drive screw 24 is provided on the traveling base 26 slidably provided on the upper surface of the bed 22 (see FIG. 2). The origin position of the traveling platform 26 is at the right end of the pit 21 in FIG.
Move almost directly under.

Both ends of a Y-axis drive screw 29 are rotatably supported by two bearings 28 provided on the upper surface of the traveling table 26, and a lateral movement motor 30 is connected to the end of the Y-axis drive screw 29. (See FIG. 2). A nut 32 is provided on the side surface of a housing 31 slidably provided on the upper surface of the traveling table 26, and the nut 32 is screwed into the Y-axis drive screw 29.

The housing 31 comprises a pair of pedestals 3 facing each other.
3 and a connecting beam 34 that connects the two mounts 33 (see FIG.
), A rectangular space is formed inside. Both pedestals 3
An elevating member 35 is provided so as to be able to ascend and descend on a sliding surface formed on the inner wall surface of No.
Two lifting cylinders 36 (1 in FIG. 1)
Pistons (only one of which is shown) are fixed to the elevating member 35. Therefore, when the elevating cylinder 36 operates, the elevating member 35 moves up and down along the sliding surface of the inner wall surface of the gantry 33.
(See Figure 1).

The elevating member 35 is constituted by a pair of left and right elevating blocks 37 and a connecting beam 38 connecting both elevating blocks 37 in the shape of a rectangular frame, and in FIG. , A pair of arms 37a protruding inward is formed. The left and right ends of the elevating block 37 are respectively provided with disc width adjusting shafts 39 whose both ends are fixed to both arms 37a. The both disc width adjusting shafts 39 have both end portions of a pair of moving members 41. Are slidably mounted (see FIGS. 2 and 5).

Both ends of the disk width adjusting cylinder 40 are fixed to the inside of the moving member 41, and springs 63 are elastically mounted between the moving member 41 and the arm 37a. Therefore, both moving members are biased to the neutral position which is substantially the center of the disc width adjusting shaft 39, and when the disc width adjusting cylinder 40 operates, the interval between the two moving members 41 is changed (see FIG. 5).

A guide plate 61 is erected on the upper part of the pair of moving members 41, and an inclined surface 61a is formed inside the tip of the guide plate 61 (see FIG. 5). Each moving member 4
1 has a cylindrical shape and a sliding portion 4 parallel to the Y-axis direction.
2 is provided, and a bearing portion 44 provided on the brake shoe replacement unit 43 is slidably mounted on each of the sliding portions 42, and a flange portion 42a formed in the central portion of the sliding portion 42 and Springs 45 are inserted between the bearings 44 (see FIGS. 2 and 6). Therefore, the two brake shoe replacement units 43 are in a floating state with respect to the respective sliding portions 42, and are biased to the neutral position by the spring 45.

As shown in FIG. 1, the brake shoe replacement unit 4
A brake shoe support plate 46 is erected on one side of the upper surface of FIG. 3 (left side in FIG. 1), and three rotatable cam followers 47 are attached to the surface of the brake shoe support plate 46. A centering clamp 49 is fixed to the tip of the piston of the pinching cylinder 48 provided on the other side (the right side in FIG. 1) of 43.

Each brake shoe replacement unit 43 has two impact wrenches each having a box spanner-shaped tip portion 50a, a cylinder 50b for moving the tip portion 50a up and down, and a drive portion 50c for rotationally driving the tip portion 50a. 50 is provided. Then, when the tip portion 50a rises and rotates, the head portion of the bolt 17 of the brake shoe 9 fits into the tip portion 50a (see FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG. 1, a sensor support arm 51b is fixed to a piston of a cylinder 51a attached to the left side of the housing 31, and a wheel axle for detecting the outer peripheral surface of the wheel axle 5 by a light emitter / receiver is attached to the sensor support arm 51b. A sensor 52 for position detection and a sensor 53 for position detection of a brake disc of a touch sensor type whose tip contacts the side surface of the brake disc 6 are attached. Further, a sensor base 54 is erected on the elevating member 35, and the sensor base 54 is provided with a wheel shaft height detection sensor 55 that detects the lower surface of the wheel shaft 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the vicinity of the pit 21, a brake lining receiver 1 is provided between the brake shoe changing device and the brake shoe changing device.
4, a robot 56 that automatically sends and receives the bolts 17 is installed, and the bolts 1 to be attached near the robot 56
The cartridge 57 that accommodates a large number of 7 and the cartridge 58 that accommodates a large number of the mounted brake lining receivers 14 and the removed brake lining receiver 1
A pallet 59 for accommodating the four and the bolts 17 is provided. Reference numeral 60 is a control unit that has a start operation button for automatic operation on the board and accommodates a control circuit inside.

The operation of removing and installing the brake shoe 9 by the brake shoe exchanging device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
The type in which the 6 and the housing 31 slide will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the carriage 20 requiring replacement of the brake shoe 9 is substantially positioned and mounted on the rail 20 above the pit 21. On the other hand, the brake shoe changing device stands by at the origin position near the robot 56 with the elevating member 35 lowered.

When the automatic operation start button of the control unit 60 is operated in such a state, the traveling motor 25 rotates in the normal direction, and the traveling platform 26 moves toward almost directly below the vehicle. The sensor 53 for detecting the position of the brake disc is the brake disc 6.
When the position is detected, the traveling motor 25 is stopped, and the positioning of the traveling base 26 in the X-axis direction (direction orthogonal to the rail) is completed.

Next, when the lateral movement motor 30 rotates, the housing 31 moves in the Y-axis direction (direction parallel to the rail), and the wheel shaft position detection sensor 52 detects the position of the wheel shaft 5, the lateral movement motor 30 moves. 30 stops, and the positioning of the housing 31 in the Y-axis direction is completed. Next, the elevating cylinder 36 operates to elevate the elevating member 35, and the wheel axle height detection sensor 5
5 stops when the lower surface of the wheel set 5 is detected, and the lifting member 3
Positioning at height 5 is complete.

When the disc width adjusting cylinder 40 is shortened, the gap between the two guide plates 61 is slightly narrower than the width of the brake disc 6, and when the elevating member 35 rises, the inclined surface 6
1a abuts on the brake disc 6, and the guide plate 61 is expanded to project to both sides of the brake disc 6 while adjusting the position. When the fixed disk width adjusting cylinder 40 is extended, the stopper 101 hits the inner surface of the brake shoe and stops.
Therefore, the positions of the two brake shoe replacement units 43 are positioned along the inner surface of the brake lining receiver 14, and the fine adjustment in the X-axis direction is completed.

Next, when the brake shoe head 16 is sandwiched between the centering clamp 49 and the brake shoe support plate 46 by the clamping cylinder 48, the axis center of the brake shoe head 16 and the axis center of the brake shoe exchanging unit 43 coincide with each other. (See FIG. 7), impact wrench 5
The shaft center of 0 and the shaft center of the bolt 17 of the brake shoe head 16 coincide.

When the impact wrench 50 rises and rotates, the tip portion 50a of the impact wrench 50 is fitted to the head of the bolt 17 for mounting the brake shoe, and when the impact wrench 50 is further rotated, the bolt 17 becomes the brake shoe. Head 16
More removed. At this time, the brake lining receiver 14
Is held between the brake shoe support plate 46 and the centering clamp 49, there is no risk of falling or falling off the brake shoe replacement unit 43. Further, the bolt 17 does not fall because it is in the hole 13 of the brake lining receiver 14.

After the elevating member 35 descends and the carriage 26 and the housing 31 return to the old positions, the centering clamp 49 is loosened, the robot 56 takes out the brake lining receiver 14 and the bolt 17, and stores them in the pallet 59. Thus, the automatic take-out operation of the brake shoe is completed.

To install a new brake shoe 9, an operation similar to the take-out operation is performed. That is, the bolt 17
The brake lining receiver 14 in which is inserted is clamped by the brake shoe support plate 46 and the centering clamp 49, and
6 is positioned in the X-axis direction, the housing 31 is positioned in the Y-axis direction, and after raising and lowering the lifting member 35, fine adjustment of the brake shoe replacement unit 43 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is performed.
The impact wrench 50 is rotated while rising, and a new bolt is screwed in, and the brake lining receiver 14 is attached to the brake shoe head 16.

In the above description, the traveling table 26 slides in the X-axis direction (the direction perpendicular to the rail 20), and the housing 3
Although the vehicle 1 has a structure that slides in the Y-axis direction (direction parallel to the rail 20), a vehicle running on the rail 20 with the housing 31 fixed to the floor surface of the pit 21 formed below the rail 20. When the brake disc 6 of the carriage is positioned and stopped immediately above the brake shoe changing device, X of the first embodiment described above is stopped.
The brake shoe 9 can be automatically replaced by performing the operation after the positioning operation in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0035]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. (1) It was difficult to automatically replace the brake shoe because the position of the brake shoe varied due to the manufacturing accuracy of the truck, wear of the brake disc and brake shoe, etc.
This brake shoe replacement device is equipped with a function that allows the brake shoe replacement unit to be finely adjusted with respect to the brake shoe head, so that automatic replacement is possible and the conventional work of attaching and detaching the brake shoe can be performed. , It became possible to do it automatically and efficiently. (2) The conventional brake shoe replacement work was performed in a narrow working environment in the pit and in an upward work posture, so it was a tough work, but the brake shoe replacement of the present invention The device frees the operator from the tough work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part of a brake shoe changing device.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a main part of the brake shoe changing device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an overall arrangement of a brake shoe changing device.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part of the brake shoe changing device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a positioning operation of a moving member.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the floating mechanism in the X direction.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view of the centering clamp.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a trolley provided with an axle having a disc brake.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5.

FIG. 11 is a front view of FIG. 7.

FIG. 12 is a side view of the brake shoe.

13 is a view taken in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 8.

FIG. 14 is a front view of the brake lining and the brake lining.

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 Brake Disc 14 Brake Lining Receptor 16 Bracket Head 17 Bolt 20 Rail 21 Pit 22 Bed 24 X Axis Drive Screw 25 Travel Motor 26 Travel Platform 29 Y Axis Drive Screw 30 Horizontal Movement Motor 31 Housing 35 Lifting Member 36 Lift Cylinder 39 Disc width adjusting shaft 40 Disc width adjusting cylinder 41 Moving member 43 Brake brake replacement unit 46 Brake support plate 48 Clamping cylinder 49 Centering clamp 50 Impact wrench 52 Sensor for wheel shaft position detection 53 Brake disk position detection Sensor 55 Wheel axle height detection sensor 60 Control unit 61 Guide plate

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Satoshi Chiba 1-6-5 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within East Japan Railway Company (72) Inventor Kasaburo Ishikura 1-6-5 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo East Japan Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tomoaki Matsuda 2-4-25 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Tokyo Design Office (72) Hiroyuki Susa 2-4-25 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. Tokyo Design Office

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rail installed in a pit formed under a rail, and an X-axis direction on the rail (a direction perpendicular to the rail).
A slide table that slides on the carriage, a housing that slides on the slide table in the Y-axis direction (direction parallel to the rail), an elevating member that can be moved up and down in the housing, and a disk provided on the elevating member. A pair of moving members slidably provided on the width adjusting shaft, a spring for pressing the moving members to urge them to a neutral position in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and provided between the pair of moving members. Disc width adjusting cylinders, and a brake shoe replacement unit base having a guide plate that is erected on the upper surface of the moving member and has an inclined guide surface formed at the inner end thereof, and the upper surface of each brake shoe replacement unit base. The brake shoe support plate facing the one side of the brake shoe head fixed to the bogie of the vehicle and the piston of the clamping cylinder provided on the brake shoe replacement unit table in the raised position. ,
A brake shoe replacement device including a centering clamp that presses against the other side surface of the brake shoe head in the raised position, and an impact wrench provided on each brake shoe replacement unit base. 2. A housing installed in a pit formed under the rail, an elevating member capable of ascending and descending in the housing, and a disc width adjusting shaft provided in the elevating member slidably. A pair of moving members provided, a spring for pressing the moving members to urge them to a neutral position in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, a disk width adjusting cylinder provided between the pair of moving members, A brake shoe replacement unit base having a guide plate that is erected on the upper surface of the moving member and has a slanted guide surface formed on the inner tip, and is erected on the upper surface of each brake shoe replacement unit base and in the raised position, A brake shoe support plate facing one side surface of the brake shoe head fixed to the bogie of the vehicle, and fixed to the piston of the pinching cylinder provided in the brake shoe replacement unit table,
A brake shoe replacement device including a centering clamp that presses against the other side surface of the brake shoe head in the raised position, and an impact wrench provided on each brake shoe replacement unit base.