JPH0796179B2 - Positioning and fixing device for pallets - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pallet positioning and fixing device for positioning and fixing a pallet,
In particular, the present invention relates to a positioning and fixing device for a pallet that does not use a knock pin or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Positioning and fixing devices for pallets have been developed for positioning and fixing a pallet on which a work is placed on a work processing table. Conventionally, in this type of apparatus, a positioning knock method has been adopted in which a plurality of knock pins are inserted into the V-shaped notches of the conveyed pallet for positioning and fixing, and the knock pins are pulled out at the time of removal. However, in this method, since the knock pins need to be moved in and out when the pallet is replaced or rotated, the reproducibility of concentricity may not be obtained, and there is the drawback that the operation time required for rotation and replacement takes a long time. there were. Therefore, a pallet indexing clamp device that does not use knock pins was developed.
It is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-21406. This pallet indexing clamp device is provided with a surface joint and an engaging projection on the lower surface of the pallet and the upper surface of the clamping device, and the engaging projection is engaged to firmly pull the pallet by the clamping device, and the surface joint is engaged. The pallet is indexed and clamped by aligning them in the horizontal direction.

[0003]

However, in the above technique, when rotating the pallet on the clamping device or when changing the pallet, the pallet must be lifted vertically to open the face joint. Therefore, although an extra space in the vertical direction and a device for moving up and down are required, there is a problem that the operation time is not shortened so much. Therefore, the present invention provides a pallet positioning and fixing device that does not require an extra space or device, requires only a short operation time for rotating the pallet, and can firmly receive the machining resistance applied to the pallet through the workpiece. The purpose is to provide.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention positions and fixes a pallet having a cylindrical portion and a work holding portion fixed to an end surface of the cylindrical portion on a rotary table. And a pair of bases fixed to the frame with the rotary table sandwiched between the frame, the rotary table rotatable with respect to the frame, and the pair of bases. A reference movable arm attached to one of the pair of bases and slidable to a predetermined position in a direction approaching the other of the pair of bases; and a rotation center axis of the rotary table when the reference movable arm slides to the predetermined position. And the minimum distance from the outer peripheral surface of the reference movable side roller described here is equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion of the pallet, and the tip of the reference movable arm has One or more reference movable side rollers rotatably attached in a plane parallel to the rotation surface of the rotary table, and a direction attached to the other of the pair of bases and approaching the reference movable side rollers. A movable arm having a sliding force smaller than that of the reference movable arm, and one attached to the tip of the movable arm so as to be rotatable in a plane parallel to the rotation plane of the rotary table, or Has two or more movable rollers,
The reference movable side roller and the movable side roller have a total number of three or more, and any of the semi-cylinders which are bisected by an arbitrary diameter of the cylindrical portion when contacting the cylindrical portion of the pallet. The pallet positioning and fixing device is characterized in that one or more parts are arranged in contact with each other.

Further, instead of the reference movable arm and the reference movable side roller, a fixed arm fixed to one of the pair of bases, a rotation center shaft of the rotary table, and the fixed side roller described here. 1 or 2 rotatably attached to the tip of the fixed arm in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the rotary table with a minimum distance from the outer peripheral surface of the pallet being equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion of the pallet. The above-mentioned fixed roller may be added.

Further, in the above two constructions, the reference movable side roller or the fixed side roller is two or more, and the extension line of the slide locus of the reference movable arm or the axial center line of the fixed arm is rotated. It is effective to arrange it so that it passes through the center of rotation of the table. At this time, it is more preferable that the reference movable side roller or the fixed side roller is arranged symmetrically with respect to an extension line of the slide locus or the axial center line.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned constitutions, the reference movable side roller or the fixed side roller and the movable side roller are each two in number, and the four rollers are respectively in contact with the cylindrical portion of the pallet, It is effective to arrange the contact points so as to be symmetrical with respect to a straight line including one diameter of the cylindrical portion or with respect to the central axis of the cylindrical portion.

[0008]

According to the apparatus having the above structure, no extra space or apparatus is required, the operation time required for rotating the pallet is short, and the machining resistance applied to the pallet through the workpiece can be firmly received. What you can do is described next. The pallet holding the workpiece in the workpiece holder fixed to the end face of the cylindrical portion is on the rotary table rotatable between the reference movable arm and the movable arm,
It is placed near the pallet fixing position. Then, when the reference movable arm advances to a predetermined position, the minimum distance of the outer peripheral surface of the reference movable roller at the tip of the reference movable arm from the rotation center axis of the rotary table becomes equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion of the pallet. Placed in position. When the movable arm slides toward the reference movable side roller, the cylindrical portion of the pallet is pushed by the movable side roller attached to the tip of the movable arm, and the reference movable portion attached to the tip of the reference movable arm. It is pressed against the side roller. Since the minimum distance from the center of rotation of the rotary table is equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion of the pallet on the outer peripheral surface of the reference movable side roller as described above, the center of the cylindrical portion of the pallet rotates. It is positioned at a position that coincides with the center of rotation of the table. At the same time, the cylindrical portion of the pallet is sandwiched by at least three reference movable rollers and movable rollers. These rollers are then
When the pallet comes into contact with the cylindrical portion, one or more of the semi-cylindrical portions that are divided into two parts with an arbitrary diameter of the cylindrical portion are arranged so as to come into contact with each other, so that the pallet may escape laterally. It is prevented and is securely fixed in the positioned position. As a result, the positioning and fixing are performed with high accuracy, and the processing resistance applied to the pallet is firmly received.

Since the sliding force of the movable arm is set to be smaller than the sliding force of the reference movable arm,
When the movable arm slides, the reference movable arm is not moved together with the pallet. Furthermore, since it is fixed by a rotatable roller in a plane parallel to the rotation surface of the rotary table, it is possible to rotate the pallet while maintaining the concentricity without loosening the fixation of the positioning roller. In this way, it is possible to accurately position and fix without requiring an extra space or device, firmly receive the machining resistance, and shorten the operation time during rotation. When the pallet is carried near the pallet fixed position, the reference movable arm is in the retracted position.
Therefore, the space around the pallet fixing position is wide open, and there is no possibility that the pallet or the workpiece will come into contact with the reference movable arm, the reference movable side roller, etc. when the pallet is carried.

In the pallet positioning and fixing device according to the second aspect of the invention, since the fixed arm fixed to one of the pair of bases is provided instead of the reference movable arm, the pallet is positioned. Since the fixed side roller at the tip of the fixed arm does not move, it is only necessary to set the minimum distance of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed arm from the center axis of rotation of the rotary table to be equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion of the pallet. That is, unlike the case of claim 1, it is not necessary to accurately control the sliding distance of the reference movable arm in order to increase the positioning accuracy of the pallet. Therefore, coupled with the fact that one of the arm slide mechanisms becomes unnecessary, the device can be manufactured easily and the cost can be reduced. Also, the sliding force of the movable arm can be increased to the deformation limit of the fixed arm, so that not only the allowable range is widened and setting is easy, but also the sliding force of the movable arm is increased to increase the machining resistance. Can be received more firmly.

Further, in the pallet positioning and fixing device according to the third or fourth aspect, there are two or more reference movable side or fixed side rollers, and the extension line of the slide locus of the reference movable arm or the fixed arm. By arranging the axial center line so as to pass through the center of rotation of the rotary table, the force for fixing the cylindrical portion of the pallet in the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the pair of bases becomes stronger and more reliable. It is fixed.

Further, in the pallet positioning and fixing device according to the fifth or sixth aspect, there are two fixed side or reference movable side rollers and two movable side rollers, for a total of four.
When the individual rollers are in contact with the cylindrical part of the pallet, they are arranged symmetrically with respect to a straight line containing one diameter of the cylindrical part or the central axis, so that it can be moved in any direction within the rotary table surface of the pallet. Can be firmly received. As a result, more secure fixing is achieved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an entire processing apparatus including an embodiment of a pallet positioning and fixing apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 8 is a pallet on which a workpiece is placed for transportation and attachment / detachment to / from a processing apparatus. The pallet 8 has a cylindrical portion 6 and a workpiece holding portion 4 fixed to the end surface of the cylindrical portion 6, and the casting cylinder block 2 as a workpiece is placed on the workpiece holding portion 4. ing. The pallet 8 is moved in the horizontal direction by a transport means (not shown),
It is carried to the rotary table 16. The rotary table 16 is provided on the rotary table 18, and is rotated with respect to the rotary table 18 by the operation of the rotary motor 20. The turntable 18 is fixed on the self-propelled frame 22.
Two frame shafts 32, which are arranged in parallel, pass through 2. The two frame shafts 32 are horizontally supported by shaft stands 30a and 30b. Therefore, the self-propelled frame 22 is a frame installed at a predetermined position, and the rotary table 16 functions as a rotary table rotatable with respect to the frame 22. A self-propelled motor 34 is fixed to the self-propelled frame 22, and a gear (not shown) fixed to a rotating shaft of the self-propelled motor 34 meshes with a rack rail 28, whereby the self-propelled frame 22 is fixed to the frame. It is possible to travel in the left-right direction in the figure while sliding on the shaft 32. At this time, the self-propelled frame 22 is supported by a frame roller 26 rotatably attached to a frame roller base 24. It should be noted that shock dampers 36a and 36b are provided in order to reduce the impact when the self-propelled frame 22 stops at the end of the frame shaft 32.

The reference movable side base 14 and the movable side base 44 are fixed on the self-propelled frame 22 with the rotary table 16 interposed therebetween. Therefore, the reference movable side base 14 and the movable side base 44 are
A pair of bases is fixed to the frame 22 with the sandwiched therebetween. Of these, the reference movable arm 12 is slidably attached to the reference movable side base 14. The reference movable arm 12 can slide to a predetermined position in a direction approaching the movable side base 44, and as shown in FIG.
Two reference movable rollers 10a and 10b are rotatably mounted in a horizontal plane. When the reference movable arm 12 slides to the predetermined position, the reference movable rollers 10a and 10b have a minimum distance L from the center axis of rotation of the rotary table 16 on the outer peripheral surface of the roller when the pallet 8 is moved.
The size and the mounting position are set so as to be equal to the radius R of the cylindrical portion 6 (i.e., L = R).
The sliding force of the reference movable arm 12 is 207
It is set to 90.1 N {2120 kgf}. Therefore, the reference movable arm 12 includes the pair of bases 14 and 4.
It is attached to one of the four bases 14 and functions as a reference movable arm that is slidable to a predetermined position in a direction approaching the other 34 of the pair of bases. In addition, the reference movable roller 10
When the reference movable arm 12 slides to a predetermined position, the minimum distance between the rotation center axis of the rotary table 16 and the outer peripheral surface of the reference movable side rollers 10a, 10b of the pallets 8a and 10b is that of the pallet 8. One or two or more reference movable rollers are attached to the tip of the reference movable arm 12 rotatably in a plane parallel to the rotation surface of the rotary table 16 in a positional relationship equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion 6. ing.

On the other hand, the movable arm 44 is attached to the movable base 44.
2 is attached so as to be slidable in a direction approaching the reference movable rollers 10a and 10b. The sliding force is the sliding force 20790.1 of the reference movable arm 12.
10385.0N {1 smaller than N {2120kgf}
060 kgf} is set. As shown in FIG. 2, two movable rollers 40a and 40b are horizontally rotatably attached to the tip of the movable arm 42. Therefore, the movable arm 42 is attached to the other base 44 of the pair of bases 14 and 44 and is slidable in a direction approaching the reference movable side rollers 10a and 10b, and the sliding force thereof is larger than the sliding force of the reference movable arm. Functions as a small movable arm. The movable rollers 40 a and 40 b are attached to the tip of the movable arm 42 and constitute one or more movable rollers that can rotate in a plane parallel to the rotation surface of the rotary table 16. When the total number of the reference movable side rollers 10a, 10b and the movable side rollers 40a, 40b is three or more, and when they contact the cylindrical portion 6 of the pallet 8,
No matter which diameter the cylindrical portion is divided into, the semi-cylindrical portion is arranged so that at least one portion is in contact with the semi-cylindrical portion.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a work holding device body 46 is fixed on the self-propelled frame 22, and a work holding arm support portion 48 is provided on an upper side surface of the work holding device body 46. It is provided. A work holding arm 60 is rotatably attached to the work holding arm support portion 48.
As shown in FIG. 1, 0 rotates about 90 degrees from a state in which it is oriented substantially upward to a state in which it is oriented substantially horizontally. A work pressing head cylinder 62 for applying an appropriate pressing force is fixed to the tip of the work pressing arm 60, and a work pressing head 64 is attached to the end of the work pressing head cylinder 62. After the pallet 8 on which the workpiece 2 is placed is set on the rotary table 16, the work holding arm 60 is rotated by about 90 degrees from a state in which the work holding arm 60 is directed upward to a state in which the work pressing arm 60 is oriented substantially horizontally.
The casting cylinder block 2 placed on the workpiece holding portion 4 of the pallet 8 is pressed by the work holding head 64 with an appropriate force and is securely fixed.

A cable guide 50 is provided at the top of the work holding device body 46. The cable guide 50 is fitted into a cable 54 arranged above the rack rail 28 and slides, and when the self-propelled frame 22 travels in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 by the operation of the self-propelled motor 34 described above. To support Limit switches 52 and 56 are attached near both ends of the cable 54, and when the self-propelled frame 22 reaches the left and right ends, the self-propelled motor 34 is automatically stopped to prevent runaway. . A pair of deburring devices 66 are installed independently of the self-propelled frame 22 at positions sandwiching the work holding device body 46 of FIG. This deburring device 66
Has a pair of grinding wheels and a rotation mechanism (not shown) on the side facing the work holding device main body 46, and when the workpiece 2 passes by the traveling of the self-propelled frame 22, the workpiece 2 The surface for contacting the deburring device 66 is ground.

Now, the operation of positioning and rotating the pallet by the pallet positioning and fixing device having the above-mentioned structure, and the method of machining the workpiece will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the pallet 8 on which the workpiece 2 is placed is carried to the rotary table 16 on the frame 22 by a carrying rail (not shown). Pallet 8 here
As shown in FIG. 3, a lower portion of the rail guide portion 70 has a substantially U-shaped cross section. On the other hand, the top of the rotary table 16 has pallet receiving rails 74a and 74b.
Is provided, and the pallet receiving rails 74a, 7 are provided.
Reference numeral 4b is abutted against a transport rail (not shown) extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIGS. Further, a guide groove 76 extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIGS. 1 and 3 is provided on the top of the rotary table 16, and a pallet self-propelled device 78 is provided in the guide groove 76.
Is fitted and attached to the inner wall of the. When the pallet self-propelled device 78 operates, the rail contact portions 72a, 72b of the rail guide portion 70 and the pallet receiving rails 74a, 74b slide while the pallet 8 moves on the paper surface of FIGS. Move in a direction perpendicular to.
The rail guide portion 70 and the rail contact portion 72a,
The length of 72b in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is made shorter than the pallet receiving rails 74a and 74b. Therefore, when the pallet 8 is completely placed on the rotary table 16, the rail guide portion 70 and the rail abutting portions 72a and 72b are separated from the transport rail, so that the pallet 8 is placed on the rotary table 16.
Can be rotated freely on top.

Here, when the pallet 8 is carried to the rotary table 16, the reference movable arm 12 is in the retracted position. Therefore, the space around the rotary table 16 is wide open, and there is no possibility that the pallet 8 or the workpiece 2 will come into contact with the reference movable arm 12, the reference movable rollers 10a, 10b, or the like. After the pallet 8 is carried in, the reference movable arm 12 advances to a predetermined position. As a result, the reference movable side roller 10 at the tip of the reference movable arm 12
The a and 10b are also placed at a position where the minimum distance of the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 16 from the central axis of rotation is equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion 6 of the pallet 8. Subsequently, the movable arm 42 slides toward the reference movable rollers 10a, 10b, so that the cylindrical portion 6 of the pallet 8 is pushed by the movable rollers 40a, 40b and pressed against the reference movable rollers 10a, 10b. To be As described above, the reference movable rollers 10a and 10b are placed at the position where the minimum distance of the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 16 from the central axis of rotation is equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion 6, so that the pallet 8 has the cylindrical portion. The center of 6 is positioned so as to coincide with the center of rotation of the rotary table 16. At the same time, the cylindrical portion 6 is sandwiched between the four reference movable side rollers 10a and 10b and the movable side rollers 40a and 40b, and is fixed at the position.
As a result, the positioning and fixing are performed with high accuracy, and the processing resistance applied to the pallet is firmly received.

Here, the sliding force (1
0385.0N {1060kgf}) is the sliding force of the reference movable arm 12 (20790.1N {2120kgf).
Since it is set smaller than f)), the reference movable arm 12 does not move together with the pallet 8 during the fixing so that the positional displacement does not occur. After the pallet 8 and the workpiece 2 are positioned and fixed on the rotary table 16 in this manner, the self-propelled motor 34 operates and the self-propelled frame 22 moves to the right in FIG. As a result, the pallet 8 and the workpiece 2 also move to the right and pass between the deburring devices 66 that are provided opposite each other on the way. As a result, burrs on the two end faces of the workpiece 2 facing the deburring device 66 are ground and removed. At this time, the pallet 8 is passed through the workpiece 2.
The grinding resistance applied to the four rollers 10a, 10b, 4
It is received by 0a and 40b.

When the workpiece 2 has completely passed between the deburring devices 66 and the deburring of the two end faces is completed, the rotary table 16 is subsequently rotated 90 degrees, and the other two end faces are deburred by the deburring device 66. To face. The rotation accuracy at this time is determined by a stopper (not shown) provided in the rotary table 16. Also during this rotation, since the four positioning rollers can be rotated without loosening the fixing, the pallet 8 rotates while keeping the concentricity, and does not cause a positional deviation. Thereafter, the self-propelled motor 34 is actuated to move the self-propelled frame 22 to the left in FIG. 1, the workpiece 2 is again passed between the deburring devices 66, and deburring of the other two end faces is performed. . In this way, it is possible to accurately position and fix without requiring an extra space or device, firmly receive the processing resistance, and shorten the operation time for rotating the pallet 8.

In this embodiment, the rail, the rail guide and the work holding mechanism are used as a method for supporting the pallet on the rotary table, but various other methods are possible. Further, it goes without saying that the frame does not have to be the self-propelled frame as in the present embodiment, and may be fixed to the installation place. Further, two symmetrically arranged rollers are used as the reference movable side roller and the movable side roller, but the number and arrangement are shown in this embodiment as long as they satisfy the description of claim 1. Other than can be used. Further, although the four rollers in this embodiment have substantially the same size, they may have different sizes as long as the condition of contact with the cylindrical portion of the pallet is satisfied. Further, depending on the shape and the loading direction of the workpiece, a fixed arm may be used instead of the reference movable arm 12. The shape, size, material, arrangement, etc. of other parts of the apparatus are not limited to those in this embodiment.

Further, as a ripple effect of this embodiment, 4
The positioning rollers are arranged symmetrically about the center of the circle when they contact the cylindrical part, and the reference movable arm or fixed arm and the movable arm are arranged in a straight line. Is further improved, and it is possible to obtain an advantage that the manufacturing cost of the device can be reduced by facilitating the manufacture of the arm parts and the like.

[0024]

According to the present invention, since the pallet positioning and fixing device for fixing the cylindrical portion of the pallet with the at least three positioning rollers is created, the pallet can be positioned accurately and the processing resistance applied to the pallet can be increased. The pallet can be rotated while being positioned. For this reason, the cycle time in the machining including the rotating operation of the pallet can be shortened, and it becomes a practical pallet positioning and fixing device.
Further, as a spillover effect of the present invention, since the positioning mechanism is a roller, wear of the contact portion is reduced and the life of the parts is extended, and the pallet positioning and fixing device is extremely practical.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an entire processing apparatus including an embodiment of a pallet positioning and fixing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a main part of an embodiment of a pallet positioning and fixing device.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a main part of an embodiment of a positioning and fixing device for a pallet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 workpiece 4 workpiece holding portion 6 cylindrical portion 8 pallet 10 reference movable side roller 12 reference movable arm 14 reference movable side base 16 rotary table 22 frame 40 movable side roller 42 movable arm 44 movable side base

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A device for positioning and fixing a pallet (8) having a cylindrical portion (6) and a work holding portion (4) fixed to an end surface of the cylindrical portion on a rotary table (16). A frame (22) installed at a predetermined position, and a rotary table (16) rotatable with respect to the frame.
A pair of bases (14, 44) fixed to the frame with the rotary table interposed therebetween, and a direction of being attached to one (14) of the pair of bases and approaching the other of the pair of bases. A reference movable arm (12) slidable to a predetermined position, and a rotation center axis of the rotary table and its outer peripheral surface (of a reference movable side roller described later) when the reference movable arm slides to the predetermined position. One or two or more reference movable members rotatably attached to the tip end of the reference movable arm in a position in which the minimum distance is equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion of the pallet in a plane parallel to the rotation surface of the rotary table. A side roller (10) and the other side (44) of the pair of bases,
It can slide in the direction of approaching the reference movable roller,
A movable arm (42) having a sliding force smaller than that of the reference movable arm, and one or two movable arms (42) rotatably attached to the tip of the movable arm in a plane parallel to the rotation plane of the rotary table. And the movable side roller (40), the total number of the reference movable side roller and the movable side roller is three or more, and the cylindrical shape when contacting the cylindrical portion of the pallet. A positioning and fixing device for a pallet, characterized in that at least one semi-cylindrical part divided into two parts having an arbitrary diameter is arranged so as to be in contact with each other. 2. A fixed arm fixed to one of the pair of bases instead of the reference movable arm and the reference movable side roller, a rotation center shaft of the rotary table, and its (fixed side roller described later). One or two or more rotatably attached to the tip of the fixed arm so as to be rotatable in a plane parallel to the rotation surface of the rotary table, with a minimum distance from the outer peripheral surface being equal to the radius of the cylindrical portion of the pallet. The pallet positioning and fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising: 3. The reference movable side roller or the fixed side roller is two or more, and the extension line of the slide locus of the reference movable arm or the axial center line of the fixed arm is the rotation center of the rotary table. The pallet positioning and fixing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pallet positioning and fixing device is arranged so as to pass therethrough. 4. The pallet according to claim 3, wherein the reference movable side roller or the fixed side roller is arranged symmetrically with respect to an extension line of the slide locus or the axial center line. Positioning and fixing device. 5. The reference movable side roller or the fixed side roller and the movable side roller are each two in number, and when the four rollers are in contact with the cylindrical portion of the pallet, the contact points are the cylinders. 2. The shape parts are arranged symmetrically with respect to a straight line including one diameter.
The positioning and fixing device for the pallet according to 2, 3, or 4. 6. The reference movable side roller or the fixed side roller and the movable side roller are each two in number, and when the four rollers are in contact with the cylindrical portion of the pallet, the contact points are the cylinders. 5. The symmetrical arrangement with respect to the central axis of the shape part, 1, 2, 3 or 4.
Positioning and fixing device for pallet according to.