JPH0796169B2 - Wire electrode guide device for wire electric discharge machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wire electrode guide device for a wire electric discharge machine, and more particularly, to an electric discharge machine part in which a workpiece to be machined and a wire electrode face each other through a minute electric discharge gap. In the upper and lower positions,
The present invention relates to an improvement of a wire electrode guide device that is provided to guide a wire electrode in a fixed direction, usually in the vertical direction.

[Prior art]

Generally, in a wire electric discharge machine, a work piece and a wire electrode are opposed to each other through a minute discharge gap, and both are energized to generate a pulse discharge in the discharge gap, and the work piece and the wire electrode are relative to each other. It is moved in the two-dimensional direction and the workpiece is machined by the energy of the electric discharge. The wire electrode is constantly sent from the storage reel to the wire electrode winding roller or the wire electrode recovery box through the electric discharge machining section facing the workpiece, and measures to prevent the occurrence of wire breakage due to electrode consumption during discharge. Has been taken. Further, in the wire electric discharge machine, wire electrode guide devices are provided at the upper and lower positions of the electric discharge machine, and the wire electrode guide devices guide the wire electrode in a constant feed direction, that is, a vertical feed direction. , Running. That is, a structure is adopted in which the electrical discharge machining accuracy is maintained by always maintaining the facing arrangement of the workpiece and the wire electrode facing each other with a minute gap therebetween. Further, this wire electrode guide device is also provided with a machining liquid supply nozzle means for cooling the wire electrode and the electric discharge machining section and for removing machining scraps at the same time so as to maintain a stable wire electric discharge machining action. .

However, in the EDM part, it is not possible to completely avoid the occurrence of wire breakage accidents due to fluctuations in the discharge energy due to abrupt changes in the machining trajectory, or non-uniformity of the wire electrode wire diameter. It is impossible. Therefore, when a wire breakage accident occurs, the wire electrode passage of the wire electrode guide device is temporarily expanded to guide and insert a new wire of the wire electrode, that is, a so-called automatic wire connection structure for automatically loading the wire electrode can be performed. Generally, it has an essential structure. As a conventional example of the wire electrode guide device in which the wire electrode is stably guided to pass through the electric discharge machining portion and the wire electrode passage is expandable, a Japanese Patent Publication No. 61- Some are disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 54530. That is, the wire electrode guide apparatus of the conventional example includes a pressing plate that linearly approaches or separates toward the V groove forming surface of the V grooved wire receiving member, and the pressing plate has a V grooved wire receiving member. The wire electrode passing through the inside of the V-shaped groove is pressed against the V-shaped groove when it abuts against the V-shaped groove so that the wire electrode can travel stably by guiding the wall surface of the V-shaped groove.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, according to the structure of the wire electrode guide device according to the conventional example, the pressing plate side is moved toward or away from the fixedly arranged V-grooved wire receiver by a linear motion. If the amount of movement of the presser plate is unstable due to such factors, it immediately affects the pressure that presses the wire electrode between the wire receiver and the presser plate, resulting in fluctuations in the presser pressure. There is a problem that hinders running in the same direction. Therefore, the present invention is mainly intended to solve such a problem.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wire electrode provided with a holding member that can always apply a constant holding pressure to the wire electrode passing through the V-groove guide path in the fixed-side wire receiver with the V-groove. To provide a guide device.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention relates to the V of the wire electrode in the wire electrode guide device.
With respect to the linearly-moving pressing member facing the grooved receiving member, in view of the fact that the linear-moving accuracy of the pressing member due to various factors immediately affects the stability of the pressing pressure, the linear-moving pressing member is removed, An arc-shaped rotatable pressing plate having an appropriate thickness is used, and the rotatable pressing plate is configured to be rotated by an actuator at its rotation center. By precisely controlling the dimension of the arc region that performs the pressing action in the processing step, the influence of the rotational movement of the rotatable pressing plate directly presses the wire electrode with the V-groove receiving member. This is to prevent the stability of the pressing force applied. If the arcuate region of the rotatable pressing plate is formed as an eccentric arc, the strength of the pressing force can be selected according to the rotation angle of the arcuate pressing part, or the wire electrode diameter can be changed. You can also do it. In addition, the rotary actuator forms two states, that is, a recessed portion continuing to the circular arc area is formed as a wire retracting portion, and a passage closed state in which the wire electrode is inserted and pressed and an electrode passage opened state in which the tip of the new wire electrode can be introduced. This is easily realized by controlling the amount of rotation.

That is, according to the present invention, the wire electrode is provided at each of upper and lower positions sandwiching the electric discharge machining portion facing the workpiece to be machined via the electric discharge gap, and the wire electrode is guided and travels along a fixed traveling path. In a wire electrode guide device of a machine, a fixed receiving member having a V-shaped receiving groove for receiving the wire electrode traveling in the electric discharge machining unit, and the wire electrode being pressed toward the V-shaped receiving groove of the fixed receiving member An arc-shaped wire pressing portion and at least one bay-shaped retracting portion that is recessed inward from the arc-shaped wire pressing portion, and is rotatably provided around an axis parallel to the wire electrode. The rotating shaft center and the arc-shaped wire pressing portion are formed so as to be eccentric by a predetermined amount, and by rotating the wire electrode pressing disk according to a command signal, The Wa One of the ear pressing portion and the bay-shaped retreat portion is indexed to a position facing the V-shaped receiving groove of the fixed receiving member, and the arc-shaped wire pressing portion is pressed according to the rotation angle of the wire electrode pressing disc. An actuator that makes the electrode pressing force by the section variable, and the wire electrode is pressed and released in accordance with the rotation of the wire electrode pressing disk. A wire electrode guide device for a wire electric discharge machine is provided. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a wire electrode guide device of a wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention, in particular, a configuration of a lower wire electrode guide device, and FIG. 2 is a wire electrode guide device shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing the basic principle of the wire electrode guide apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the configuration principle of the wire electrode guide apparatus of the conventional wire electric discharge machine. Is.

The structure principle of the conventional wire electrode guide device shown in FIG. 4 will be described. The wire electrode guide device has a fixed wire receiving member 2 having a V groove 1 and a direct-acting pressing plate. Reference numeral 10 is formed so as to pass through the electrode passage between the V groove 1 and the pressing front surface of the linear motion pressing plate 3 while receiving a pressing force. At this time, the direct-acting pressing plate 3 is an appropriate actuator,
For example, it is configured to be movable between two positions, that is, a position in a passage closed state in which the linear electrode cylinder presses the wire electrode 10 and an open position for opening the passage shown by a dotted line. However, when the linear motion pressing plate 3 is directly moved due to various influences, particularly when the linear motion stroke amount is varied, the variation in the stroke amount directly causes the wire electrode 10 to move to the fixed wire receiving member 2.
It affects the pressing force when traveling in the passage while pressing between the and, and causes variation in the pressing force, which ultimately affects the machining accuracy of wire electric discharge machining. Has become.

Therefore, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, a fixed receiving member 12 having a V groove 11 and fixed at a fixed position, and a fixed receiving member 12 which is opposed to the opening side of the V groove 11 is rotated. A rotatable arc-shaped pressing plate 14 having the center of the shaft 13 as the center of rotation is provided. At this time, the wire electrode 10 runs longitudinally along the electrode passage formed by the V groove 11 of the fixed receiving member 12 and the arcuate pressing action portion 15 of the rotatable arcuate pressing plate 14. At this time, a constant pressing force is applied by the arc-shaped pressing portion 15. When the rotary pressing plate 14 is rotated around the center of the rotary shaft 13 so that the concave portion 16 reaches the open position facing the V groove 11 of the fixed wire receiving member 12, the electrode passage is expanded. To open. The rotary shaft 13 is connected to a rotary actuator (not shown), for example, a rotary cylinder, and the rotatable arc-shaped pressing plate 14 is rotated to a desired angular position under the rotational drive and control action of the rotary cylinder. In the configuration. Therefore, if the arcuate shape of the arcuate pressing portion 15 is formed with a machining accuracy that is dimensionally controlled with respect to the center of rotation, the rotating action of the arcuate pressing plate 14 itself causes the fluctuation of the pressing force. There is no. In particular, since the diameter dimension accuracy of the wire electrode 10 has tended to be improved in recent years, the wire electrode guide apparatus has a machining accuracy control of the V groove 11 of the fixed wire receiving member 12 and an arc shape in the manufacturing and assembling process. By accurately controlling the machining accuracy of the pressing plate 14, the factor that changes the electrical discharge machining accuracy of the wire electric discharge machine due to the rotating action of the arcuate rotatable pressing plate 14 that is a movable member is eliminated, and the wire electrode The set pressing force applied to 10 is reproduced stably,
Therefore, highly accurate wire electric discharge machining can be performed. The arc-shaped pressing portion 15 with respect to the rotation center of the rotary shaft 13 has a perfect circular shape in FIG. 3, but the arc-shaped pressing portion 15 may be eccentric with respect to the rotation center. For example, the pressing force applied to the wire electrode 10 can be automatically controlled and adjusted by selecting the rotation angle around the rotation center. Further, in FIG. 3, by adopting a structure in which the hard pressing material 15, for example, a bearing material 17 such as sapphire is partially received in the arc-shaped pressing portion 15 which performs the pressing operation most frequently. , Shows that it is possible to improve wear resistance.

Here, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, there is shown an embodiment of a concrete configuration of a wire electrode guide device of a wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention. The example formed as a lower wire electrode guide device provided is shown.

In FIG. 1, the wire electrode guide device 20 has a pedestal 21 whose inside is substantially hollow, and a fixing receiving member 22 is fixed to the upper surface of the pedestal 21 by a fixing method such as screwing to a supporting base 23. The fixed receiving member 22 has a V groove 24 (shown in FIG. 2) for receiving the wire electrode 10 formed on the front surface, that is, the left end surface in FIG. Similarly, on the upper surface of the pedestal 21, the above-described rotatable arc-shaped pressing plate 25 is provided at a position facing the V groove 24 of the fixed receiving member 22. This arc type pressure plate
25 is rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 26 and a bearing 27, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 26 has one gear 28a of a gear mechanism 28.
Is attached, and the other gear 28b is attached to the output shaft 29a of the rotary actuator 29 composed of a rotary cylinder,
Therefore, the rotatable arc-shaped pressing plate 25 is configured to be rotated about the rotation center of the rotation shaft 26 via the gear mechanism 28.

The arcuate pressure plate 25 has an arcuate pressure acting portion 30 and a retracting portion 31 recessed inward from the locus of the arcuate pressure acting portion 30,
Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, when the arcuate pressing plate 25 faces the V groove 24 of the fixed receiving member 22, a closed electrode passage is formed and a pressing force is applied to the traveling wire electrode 10. . In addition, when the retracting portion 31 is rotated to face the V groove 24, the electrode passage is opened, and for example, when the wire is broken, a new end of the wire electrode 10 can be inserted into the opened electrode passage. Rotary actuator composed of rotary cylinder 29
In the present embodiment, the arc-shaped pressing plate 25 is rotated over a rotation angle of 180 °, so that the arc-shaped pressing action portion 30 and the retreat portion 31 are rotated.
Is formed by an air-actuated actuator for indexing one of the two to a position facing the V groove 24 of the fixed receiving member 22.

The wire electrode 10 includes a V-shaped groove 24 of the fixed receiving member 22 and an arc-shaped pressing plate.
While traveling in the vertical direction stably while receiving a pressing force between the wire and 25, at this time, a pulse discharge voltage for wire electric discharge machining is supplied from a power supply plate 33 provided inside the pedestal 21, and
The inside of the cover 34 provided so as to cover the upper surface of the pedestal 21 is secured as a machining liquid chamber, and the machining liquid is supplied from the outside to the inside of this chamber through an appropriate machining liquid supply pipe. A nozzle 35 that is detachably installed by screw mounting or the like is provided on the upper part, and the machining fluid is ejected from the machining fluid ejection port 36 of the nozzle 35 toward the upper electric discharge machining section under a desired pressure to discharge the electric discharge machining section. Cool the workpiece to be processed and the wire electrode 10,
In addition, it also works to remove processing chips.

In the present embodiment, the above-described rotatable arc-shaped pressing plate 25 is used.
A substantially semicircular machining liquid shutter 37 is provided on the lower surface side of the. The machining liquid shutter 37 prevents a large amount of the machining liquid supplied into the chamber of the cover 34 from flowing downward,
A large amount of machining liquid is ejected from the machining liquid ejection port 36 of the upper nozzle 35. This machining liquid shutter 37 is rotatable integrally with the arc-shaped pressing plate 25, that is,
It is attached to the rotary shaft 26. Moreover, the arc-shaped pressure plate 25
Is rotated in the direction shown by the arrow A in FIG.
When approaching the closed state of the electrode passage that presses 10, the slit 38 is formed in advance at the end of the machining liquid shutter 37, and the wire electrode 10 is fitted into this slit 38, so that the machining liquid is formed. The problem that the shutter 37 collides with the wire electrode 10 is avoided. In the case of the wire electrode guide device provided above the electric discharge machining part of the wire electric discharge machine, such a machining liquid shutter 37 ejects to the lower electric discharge machining part under the free-fall environment that acts on the machining liquid. It may not be necessary to provide it. The rotary bearing 27 is prevented from getting wet with the working liquid by a seal 27a.

In order to change the wire electrode 10 from the pressed state to the electrode released state, the rotary actuator 29 is used to rotate the arc-shaped pressing plate 25 in the direction of the arrow B, and the retracting portion 31 is fixed to the fixed receiving member.
It suffices to reach the position of the V groove 24 of 22.

Further, as described above with reference to FIG. 3, the rotatable arc-shaped pressing plate 25 may be provided as an eccentric disc if necessary, or it changes depending on the rotation angle. It goes without saying that the shape may be set in advance to have an arc shape that applies a desired pressing force to the wire electrode 10.

〔The invention's effect〕

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, in the wire electrode passage of the wire electrode guide device in the wire electric discharge machine, the fixed wire receiving member having the V groove and the wire electrode facing the V groove. It has an arc-shaped wire pressing portion for pressing and at least one bay-shaped retracting portion recessed inward from the arc-shaped wire pressing portion, and is rotatable about an axis parallel to the wire electrode. A wire electrode pressing disk is provided which is provided so that the rotation axis thereof and the arc-shaped wire pressing portion are eccentric by a predetermined amount, and further,
Since the rotatable arc-shaped pressure plate is rotated by the rotary actuator, it is pressed compared to the case where the conventional linear motion pressure plate presses the wire electrode toward and away from the fixed wire receiver. It has become possible to overcome the disadvantage that the rotating action of the plate causes the pressing force to change. Therefore, since the rotating arc-shaped pressing plate is rotated to constantly apply a stable pressing force to the wire electrode, the wire electrode can always exhibit a stable electric discharge machining action at the portion facing the workpiece to be processed. The effect is that a highly accurate wire electric discharge machining operation can be guaranteed.

In addition, as described above, if the shape of the arcuate pressing portion of the arcuate pressing plate in the wire electrode pressing disc is selected in advance as an eccentric arc, and if such an arcuate pressing plate is attached, the wire electrode diameter By changing and adjusting the rotation angle of the arcuate pressing plate by the rotary actuator according to the change, a predetermined pressing force can always be stably applied. Therefore, in the wire electrode guide device of the wire electric discharge machine, there is an effect that it is adaptable to a slight variation of the wire electrode diameter and has a usefulness that a stable pressing force can be applied to the wire electrode.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a wire electrode guide device of a wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention, in particular, a configuration example of a lower wire electrode guide device, and FIG. 2 is a wire electrode guide shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a top view of the apparatus, FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing the basic principle of the wire electrode guide apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the configuration principle of the wire electrode guide apparatus of the conventional wire electric discharge machine. Fig. 10 …… Wire electrode, 11,24 …… V groove, 12,22 …… Fixed receiving member, 13,26 …… Rotary shaft, 14,22 …… Rotating arc-shaped pressure plate, 15,30 …… Arc-shaped pressure acting part, 16, 31 ...... Retracting part, 29 ...... Rotating actuator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wire of a wire electric discharge machine, wherein wire electrodes are respectively provided at two upper and lower positions sandwiching an electric discharge machining portion facing a workpiece to be machined via an electric discharge gap, and guiding and running the wire electrode along a fixed traveling path. In the electrode guide device, a fixed receiving member having a V-shaped receiving groove for receiving the wire electrode traveling in the electric discharge machining section, and an arc shape for pressing the wire electrode into the V-shaped receiving groove of the fixed receiving member A wire pressing portion and at least one bay-shaped retracting portion that is recessed inward from the arc-shaped wire pressing portion, and is rotatably provided around an axis parallel to the wire electrode. A wire electrode pressing disc formed such that the rotation axis and the arc-shaped wire pressing portion are eccentric by a predetermined amount, and the wire pressing plate is rotated by rotating the wire electrode pressing disc according to a command signal. Department or Either one of the bay-shaped retracting portions is indexed to a position facing the V-shaped receiving groove of the fixed receiving member, and the electrode pushing by the arc-shaped wire pushing portion is performed according to the rotation angle of the wire electrode pushing disc. An actuator for making the pressure variable, and a wire electric discharge machine characterized in that the wire electrode is pressed and released in accordance with the rotation of the wire electrode pressing disk. Wire electrode guide device.