JPH0793846B2 - Machine for planting elongated bulbs such as Lucky - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a planting machine for planting long and narrow bulbs such as Lucky in an upright posture in which the vertical direction is specified.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when planting radish, one or two grains were manually planted with the root attached to the bulb and the root facing downward.
Thus, if the bulbs are not planted with the roots down, the yield will be reduced. The planting time of this raccoon is the hottest period of midsummer, and the row spacing and planting interval are small at about 24 cm and 6 cm, respectively, so a large amount of bulbs must be planted. In this way, the work of manually planting a large number of bulbs under hot summer in the summer is
It was hard work that required patience. Because of this, cultivating raccoon has not spread widely, and it is said that the cultivated amount is less than the demand amount.

[0003] The biggest reason why the planting work of Lucky can not be mechanized is that the bulb has an elongated spindle shape and must be planted in a standing posture with the root down,
This is because the standing posture of the bulb cannot be maintained when the bulb is discharged and dropped from the mechanical device.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention makes it possible to mechanically plant a long and narrow bulb such as a scutella and the like, which has been regarded as difficult in the past, to improve the planting efficiency all at once, and at the same time, the farm worker suffers. The challenge is to be free from labor.

[0005]

A planting machine according to the present invention comprises:
A main conveyor belt device in which a flat belt is mounted on at least three pulleys supported by a machine frame so that the flat belt can travel in a vertical plane, and a sub conveyor belt device having substantially the same configuration.
The flat belts of the portions that run downward from above in each of the conveyor belt devices are in close contact with each other via an adhesion mechanism to form a lower conveyor portion, and the lower pulleys at the bottom end of each conveyor belt device. Is exposed to the inside of a grooved plate attached to the machine body in a state where it is elastically contacted and separated via an elastic contact mechanism, and the radius of this lower pulley is smaller than the average length of the planting bulb. It has been set, the ratio of the flat running speed of the belt (V ₁₎ and the traveling speed of the aircraft (V ₂₎
(V ₁ / V ₂ ) is set to a value equal to or higher than a critical value at which the bulb is extended and planted from between the pair of lower pulleys so that the respective conveyor belt devices are driven. I am trying.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in the bulb mounting portion formed substantially horizontally on the upper part of the main conveyor belt device, a large number of bulbs are continuously mounted at a constant interval so that the root portion faces the traveling direction of the flat belt. Then, the bulb is sandwiched by the two flat belts in the lower conveying section and is conveyed to a pair of lower pulleys at the lower end of each conveying belt device. The pair of lower pulleys face the inside of the grooved plate attached to the machine body in a state of being elastically contacted so as to be separable via the elastic contact mechanism,
The radius of this lower pulley is set to be smaller than the average length of the bulbs to be planted. When the bulb is extended toward the bottom of the groove and the top of the bulb is sandwiched by a pair of lower pulleys, the root reaches the bottom of the planting groove and is lightly covered with soil spilling from both sides, causing the bulb to fall completely. After that, it is covered with more soil and planted at the bottom of the planting groove in a standing posture with its roots down. Here, the ratio of the rate of progression of the aircraft running speed of the flat belt _{(V 1) (V 2)} (V 1 / V
₂ ) is such that the respective conveyor belt devices are driven such that the bulb becomes substantially vertical from between the pair of lower pulleys and is set to a critical value or more to be planted, so that the portion of the pair of lower pulleys is driven. When the bulb is drawn out from and falls, the bulb is not dragged forward and is not planted or tilted.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1 to 4 show a lacquer planting machine according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of this planting machine, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the same, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the planting machine unit U _1, U ₂ of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view of the same. The machine body 1 of the planting machine is towed by a tractor, and a tool bar-2 is horizontally supported at the front part thereof in the horizontal direction (direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the machine body). A ruler wheel attachment rod 3 is attached to the roller 2 with its fixed position adjustable, and a ruler wheel 4 is attached to the ruler wheel attachment rod 3. A drive shaft 6 is laterally supported at a rear portion of the machine body 1 through a pair of bearings 5, and a drive wheel 7 is attached to one end of the drive shaft 6. Further, a connecting portion 8 for connecting to a tractor (not shown) is provided at the front part of the machine body 1, and the lower link 9 and the upper link 11 of the tractor are connected to this connecting portion 8.

On the rear part of the machine body 1, two planting machine units U _{1 and} U ₂ having the same structure are laterally mounted so that two rows can be planted at the same time. The two planting machine units U _{1 and} U ₂ are arranged at a predetermined interval along the lateral direction of the machine body 1 and at the center of the machine body 1 in the lateral direction (a pair of ruler wheels 4
It is attached to one side with respect to the central part). In this way, the two planting machine units U _{1 and} U ₂ are mounted so as to be offset from the center in the lateral direction, because the front wheels (not shown) of the tractor and This is because the rear wheels 12 and the ruler wheel 4 and the drive wheels 7 of the machine body 1 travel in the same portion to reduce the stepped portion of the field by the tractor.

Next, the planting machine unit U ₁ will be described in detail with reference to FIG. This planting machine unit U ₁
Is composed of a main transport belt device C ₁ and a sub transport belt device C ₂ . In the main conveyor belt device C ₁ , the outer pulley 14 and the inner pulley 15 are attached to the upper end of the machine frame 13 fixed to the machine body 1, and the lower pulley 16 is attached to the lower end of the machine frame 13. A flat belt 17 is mounted between the three pulleys 14, 15 and 16 so as to be able to run in a vertical plane, and the flat belt 17 is mounted between the inner pulley 15 and the lower pulley 16. Is configured to travel downward. Outer Pool 14 and Inner Pool 1
5 are provided at substantially the same height and have the same diameter, but the diameter of the lower pulley 16 is the same as that of the other two pulleys 14, 1.
It is much smaller than the diameter of 5. The radius of the lower pulley 16 is made smaller than the average length of the bulb A of the plant that is planted. The sub-conveying belt device C ₂ has almost the same structure as the main conveying belt device C _1, and has an outer pulley 14 ′, an inner pulley 15 ′, and a lower pulley 16 attached to the machine frame 13 ′. A flat belt 17 'is movably mounted between the inner pulley 15' and the lower pulley 16 'so that the flat belt 17' can run downward between the inner pulley 15 'and the lower pulley 16'. There is. In the sub-transport belt device C ₂ , the outer pulley 1
The inner pulley 15 ′ is arranged at a position higher than 4 ′ and directly above the inner pulley 15 of the main conveyor belt device C ₁ . A plurality of guide rollers 10 are provided in the machine frame 13 of the main conveyor belt device C ₁ at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the flat belts 17 _{, 1 of the} respective conveyor belt devices C _1, C ₂ are provided.
7'runs along the guide roller 10 in close contact with each other. Two flat belts 17 and 17 '
The portion that is in close contact with and runs downward is the lower transport unit 2.
Forming 0. Lower of each conveyor belt device C _1, C ₂
The elastic members 16 and 16 'are elastically contacted by an elastic contacting mechanism so that they can be separated from each other, and enter the inside of a grooved plate 19 which is attached to the lower portion of the machine body 1 via a mounting member 18. As shown in FIG. 5, a rotating rod 22 is attached to the lower end of the machine frame 13 ′ of the sub-conveying belt device C ₂ via a pin 21, and the rotating rod 22 and the main conveying belt device C ₁ are attached. The machine frame 13 is connected by a tension spring 23 to form the elastic contact mechanism. A bulb mounting portion 24 is provided between the outer pulley 14 and the inner pulley 15 of the main conveyor belt device C ₁ , and the bulb mounting of each planting machine unit U _1, U _{2 in} the machine body 1 is performed. A stool 25 is provided in front of the section 24 for the worker M to sit down and perform a work of feeding a leopard, and a footrest plate 26 is provided between the stool 25 and the planting machine units U _{1 and} U _2. There is. Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 2, when the worker M is seated on the stool 25 and faces the rear of the machine body 1, a box base 27 is provided obliquely at the front part of the worker M. A bulb box 28 containing a large number of bulbs is placed.

Next, a driving force transmission mechanism for driving the main conveyor belt device C ₁ and the sub conveyor belt device C _{2 of} each planting machine unit U _1, U ₂ will be briefly described. An end of the drive shaft 6 opposite to the end to which the drive wheel 7 is attached is connected to an input shaft 32 of a bevel gear box 31 via a coupling 29. The output shaft 33 of the bevel gear box 31 is orthogonal to the input shaft 32, and the chain gear 34 attached to the output shaft 33 and the inner pulley 15 of the main conveyor belt device C ₁ of the planting machine unit U ₁ are used.
The chain 37 is hooked between the chain gear 36 attached to the support shaft 35 supporting the and the traveling of the chain 37 drives the main conveyor belt device C ₁ of the planting machine unit U ₁ . A chain 42 is hooked between another chain gear 38 attached to the support shaft 35 and a chain gear 41 attached to the first intermediate shaft 39, and the upper running portion of the chain 42 is planted. Machine unit U
₁ is attached to a chain gear 44 attached to a support shaft 43 supporting the outer pulley 14 ′ of the sub-conveying belt device C ₂ .
The traveling of the chain 42 drives the sub-transport belt device C _{2 of} the planting machine unit U ₁ . In addition, the planting machine unit U ₂
A chain gear 46 is attached to a support shaft 45 supporting the inner pulley 15 of the main conveyor belt device C ₁ of
And another chain gear 4 attached to the first intermediate shaft 39.
Chain 48 between 7 is hung by the traveling of the chain 48, the main conveyor belt device C ₁ Planting machine unit U ₂ is driven. Another chain gear 50 attached to the support shaft 45.
52 and a chain gear 51 attached to the second intermediate shaft 49, and a chain 52 is hooked between the chain gear 51 and the chain gear 51. The upper running portion of the chain 52 is located outside the sub-transport belt device C ₂ of the planting machine unit U _2. Pool 1
4 ', the chain gear 5 mounted on a support shaft 53 supporting
4 to be hooked by the running of the chain 52, secondary conveyor belt system C ₂ planting machine unit U ₂ is adapted to be driven. Therefore, any of the planting machine unit U _1, U ₂ flat belts 17 and 17 even in 'is traveling in opposite directions, yet Ryotaira belt 17, 17' downward in a portion where travels in close contact You will be running towards. Further, another chain gear having a different number of teeth from the chain gear 34 is attached to the output shaft 33 of the bevel gear box 31 so that the gear can be shifted. Incidentally, in the driving force transmission mechanism as described above, each of the planting machine unit U _1, Kakutaira belt 17 constituting the respective conveyor belt system C _1, C ₂ of U ₂ '
So that the running speeds of
It defines the diameter of the re.

In order to mechanically plant the bulb using the above-mentioned planting machine, two workers M get on the machine body 1 and sit on the stools 25 to move the rear part of the machine body 1 to the rear. Insert the bulb A in the facing posture. When the planting machine is pulled by the tractor, the drive wheels 7 rotate, and the driving force generated by this rotation is transferred via the transmission mechanism to the conveyor belt devices C ₁ , C of the planting machine units U ₁ , U _{2. 2} , the flat belts 17 and 17 'travel around. The ratio between the traveling speed _{V 2} of the running speed _{V 1} and planting machine of the flat belt _{17,17 '(V 1 / V 2} ) is a pair of lower pulleys 16, 1
Both velocities V ₁ and V ₂ are adjusted so that the bulb A becomes almost vertical from between 6'and becomes a critical value at which it is fed out and planted.
Has been set.

Each worker M has its own planter unit U.
_In the bulb placement portion 24 provided on the main transport belt device C ₁ of U ₁ and U ₂ , a large number of bulbs A are continuously placed and placed at regular intervals with their roots facing the transport direction. Then (if the flat belts 17 and 17 'are marked at regular intervals, the bulbs A can be introduced at regular intervals based on these landmarks), the bulb A can be flattened to the upper end portion of the lower conveyance unit 20. It is conveyed by the belt 17 and is sandwiched between the two flat belts 17 and 17 ′ at this portion, and the posture at the time of insertion is brought up to the pair of lower pulleys 16 and 16 ′ at the lower end of the lower conveying portion 20. It is transported while maintaining it. At the lower end portion of the lower conveyance unit 20, the lower pulley 16 is elastically contacted by the lower pulley 16 with the other lower pulley 16 'by the elastic contact mechanism, and the bulb A is a portion of the pair of lower pulleys 16, 16'. When the pressure reaches, the lower pulley 16 'is separated from the other lower pulley 16 against the restoring force of the tension spring 23, and the bulb A is sandwiched. Then, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the bulb A sandwiched between the pair of lower pulleys 16 and 16 ′ has a groove portion with the root portion downward from between the pair of lower pulleys 16 and 16 ′. Immediately after it is formed by the plate 19, it is fed toward the bottom of the planting groove 55, and in the state where the upper end of the bulb A is sandwiched by the pair of lower pulleys 16 and 16 ′, the root of the bulb A is located at the bottom of the planting groove 55. It reaches and is lightly covered with soil 56 spilling from both sides, and is covered with more soil 56 after the bulb A is completely dropped, and in a standing posture with the root down, there is a constant space at the bottom of the planting groove 55. Planted in. Since the traveling speed _{V 1} and the ratio between the traveling speed _{V 2} of the planting machine of the flat belt 17, 17 'a _(V 1 _{/ V} 2) is set as described above, a pair of lower pulleys 1
When the bulb A is paid out and dropped from the portions 6 and 16 ', the upper end of the bulb A is not dragged forward and is not inclined or collapsed. For example, flat belt 17,
When the traveling speed V _{1 of} 17 ′ is smaller than the traveling speed V ₂ of the planting machine, the bulb A fed from the portion of the pair of lower pulleys 16 and 16 ′ is dragged.

Further, two bulbs A are arranged side by side to form a flat belt 1.
By placing it on No. 7, two bulbs A can be planted at the same position. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the contact mechanism for closely contacting the two flat belts 17 and 17 ′ and traveling downward is composed of the plurality of guide rollers 10 arranged in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG.
Using a flat belt 57 made of soft rubber having a predetermined thickness, the outer sides of the two flat belts 57 are pressed by the roller 59 attached to the tip of the leaf spring 58 using the restoring force of the leaf spring 58. It is also possible to use a contact mechanism which is designed to be in close contact with each other. When the flat belt 57 made of soft rubber is used, since the flat belt 57 is elastically deformed, there is an advantage that the bulb is less damaged.

Further, according to the planting machine of the present invention, it is possible to plant garlic bulbs, taro, etc. in a standing posture in which the vertical direction is specified in addition to the Lucky bulbs. When planting a large potato like taro, the flat belt 17,
It is not necessary for 17 'to be in close contact with each other, and it is sufficient to bring the two flat belts together so that the potatoes are sandwiched by the two flat belts, whereby the driving force for running the flat belts becomes small. As described above, in the present invention, the contact mechanism of the flat belts in the lower conveyance unit includes not only the case where the two flat belts are brought into close contact but also the case where the two flat belts are brought close to each other.

[0015]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the planting machine of the present invention, it is possible to mechanically plant a bulb such as a scallop in a standing posture with its root facing down. At the same time, the efficiency can be improved all at once, and at the same time the farmer can be freed from the painful manual planting work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a planting machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a similar schematic plan view.

3 is an enlarged view of a planting machine unit U _1, U ₂ parts of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic enlarged rear view of the planting machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged rear view of the lower end portion of the planting machine unit U ₁ (U ₂ ).

FIG. 6 is a similar enlarged side view.

FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view of a portion of a contact mechanism of a flat belt 57 using a leaf spring 58.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: shallots bulbs C _1: the main conveyor belt system C _2: auxiliary conveyor belt device U _1, U _2: Planting machine unit V _1: flat belt running speed V _2: running speed 10 of the planting machine: Gaidoro - La (contact mechanism) 13,13 ': Machine frame 14,14': Outer pulley 15,15 ': Inner pulley 16,16': Lower pulley 17,17 ': Flat belt 19: Grooving Plate 20: Lower conveying part 22: Rotating rod (elastic contact mechanism) 23: Tensile spring (elastic contact mechanism) 24: Bulb mounting part 55: Planting groove 58: Leaf spring (contact mechanism)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A planting machine for planting long and narrow bulbs such as Lucky in an upright posture in which the vertical direction is specified, wherein a flat belt travels in a vertical plane on at least three pulleys supported by a machine frame. The main conveyor belt device hung as much as possible and the auxiliary conveyor belt device having substantially the same structure. And the lower pulleys at the lowermost end of the respective conveyor belt devices are attached to the machine body in a state of elastically contacting and separating via an elastic contacting mechanism. with faces the interior of the grooving plate, the radius of the lower pulley is preset smaller than the average length of the plant bulbs, the rate of progression of the the running speed of the flat belt (V ₁₎ body (V ₂ ) With
(V ₁ / V ₂ ) is set to a value equal to or higher than a critical value at which the bulbs are extended and planted from between the pair of lower pulleys so as to drive each of the conveyor belt devices to drive the main conveyor belt device. In the bulb mounting portion formed in the upper part, the bulb is placed on a flat belt traveling in that portion so that the root portion faces the traveling direction, and the bulb is sandwiched by the two flat belts in the lower conveyance portion. It is characterized in that it is configured to be transported to the lower pulley portion and drop the bulb while maintaining the posture with the root downward in the planting groove immediately after being formed by the groove cutting plate in the portion. Machine for planting long and narrow bulbs such as Lucky. 2. The elastic contact mechanism is rotatably attached to a lower end portion of a machine frame of one of the conveyor belt devices, and a lower pulley is attached to the lower end of the elastic rod mechanism, and the rotary rod. 2. An elongated bulb planting machine such as a leopard according to claim 1, further comprising a tension spring for urging one of them toward the other conveyor belt device.