JPH0792393A - Optical equipment and image processing method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To move an observation area without moving an object to be observed through an optical equipment. CONSTITUTION:As for the optical equipment provided with a rotary reflection mirror installed in the midway between the object to be observed and an objective lens and having plural mirror surfaces 17 which are respectively inclined at a different angle with reference to a rotary shaft 16, an angle made by an optical axis linking the mirror and the objective lens and the mirror surface is varied by rotating the mirror around the mount shaft of the reflection mirror, then, the observation area is vertically and horizontally moved. Especially, as for the optical equipment with an image processor mounted, it is difficult to drastically shorten an inspection time because it takes a long time to move a stage with the object to be observed placed in a conventional way, but, in the case of using the rotary reflection mirror, an observation area moving time can be shortened up to one several tenth, or one several hundredth of a time required in the case of using an automatic stage by adjusting the opening time of a shutter for an image pickup device, a signal reading speed, the buffer memory capacity of an image signal, the sensitivity of a photoelectric element, the brightness in illumination and the rotational speed of the reflection mirror, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial application] Various inspection operations such as clinical inspection, manufacturing quality inspection, maintenance inspection, and medical, precision processing, monitoring, observation, etc., various research and development, and telecommunications industry.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A microscope stage is equipped with a motor for the X-axis
An auto stage that moves along the Y wheel. In addition, a medical fiberscope that changes the field of view by moving the prism back and forth. Also, a laser processing mirror that combines a rotary reflecting mirror and one mirror that swings up and down.
Also, a rotary mount and a video camera for surveillance. Video cassette recorder with still and frame advance functions. or,
A switching device that temporarily converts light into electrical signals.

[0003]

The optical device for magnifying the image of an observation object requires a long time and labor for observation because the field of view that can be observed at one time becomes narrower as the magnification increases. In particular, when performing image processing, the moving speed of the auto stage is slower than the processing speed of the imaging device and the processor, which is an obstacle to improving the processing speed of the entire system.

In a fiberscope with image processing such as an electronic endoscope, an image pickup device must be provided near the distal end portion, and there is no space for accommodating the visual field changing prism. In addition, the focus adjustment is required each time because the distance to the subject is greatly changed.

The conventional laser processing mirror uses a swing type mirror for vertical scanning, but this is one of the obstacles to high-speed scanning because it takes time for the vertical retrace line period.

[0006] Conventional surveillance cameras are often installed on a rotary mount, and are automatically swung at a constant speed or moved by a manual remote control device. However, there was a drawback that it was not possible to continuously monitor the desired place at the time of an accident or crime. Alternatively, there is a problem that a large number of fixed video cameras must be installed. Moreover, since the probability of accidents and crimes is usually low, the attention of the observers tends to be distracted, and there is a possibility of overlooking changes.

In the conventional video player, a plurality of video cameras, a plurality of video players, and a plurality of video tapes are required to continuously play back different images at a plurality of locations.

In the conventional line switching of optical communication, since it is converted into an electric signal and then switched by a semiconductor or the like, problems such as signal delay and noise occur.

[0009]

The first means of the present invention is as follows:
An optical device characterized in that a movable element such as a reflecting mirror and a prism having a function of changing the direction of a light beam is provided between an observation object and an objective lens.

The second means of the present invention is a polygonal prism having a plurality of mirror surfaces, and the distance from one end of each reflecting mirror to the rotation center axis is different from the distance from the other end on the same mirror surface to the rotation center axis. Optical equipment consisting of a rotating reflector.

A third means of the present invention is an optical apparatus characterized in that a plurality of rotary reflecting mirrors each having a plurality of mirror surfaces are provided, and their rotation axes are arranged at positions orthogonal to or close to each other.

A fourth means of the present invention is an image processing method and an apparatus therefor, which picks up an image at regular intervals and reconstructs it for each screen or frame.

A fifth means of the present invention is characterized in that a distinguishable signal is added to a recorded image for each visual field, an image is picked up by using the distinguishing signal, and reconstructed for each screen or frame. Image processing method and its equipment.

A sixth means of the present invention is an image processing method and apparatus, characterized in that a standard image is stored in advance and a change is detected by subtracting an image pickup signal.

A seventh means of the present invention is an image processing method characterized in that a signal indicating a change in an image and a signal indicating an attribute of an image are recorded after an audio track of a recording medium or a blanking signal of an image. And its equipment.

[0016]

The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a rotary reflecting mirror which rotates about a mounting axis of the reflecting mirror, a movable reflecting mirror which causes the reflecting mirror itself to make a linear movement in vertical and horizontal directions or a curved movement such as a circular movement, or It is an optical device characterized in that a movable element having a function of changing the direction of a light beam such as a prism is provided between an observation object and an objective lens. The same effect can be obtained by moving a reflecting mirror, a prism, or the like having a function of changing the direction of light rays. It is also possible to use a reflecting mirror having a curved surface whose curvature continuously changes, and the angle between the optical axis connecting the mirror and the objective lens and the mirror surface changes when the mirror surface moves or rotates. As a result, the same effect can be obtained.

A second aspect of the present invention is a rotary type having a polygonal prism and having a plurality of mirror surfaces, and the distance from one end of each reflecting mirror to the rotation center axis is different from the distance from the other end on the same mirror surface to the rotation center axis. In an optical device composed of a reflecting mirror, the angle between the optical axis from the light source and the mirror surface changes due to the rotation because the distance to the rotation center axis differs, and the light reflection angle changes.

Next, a third aspect of the present invention is an optical device characterized in that a plurality of rotary reflecting mirrors each having a plurality of mirror surfaces are provided, and the rotation axes thereof are orthogonal to each other or close to each other. The observation range can be continuously moved up, down, left and right by using the rotary reflecting mirrors in combination so that the axes of rotation are orthogonal to each other.

Next, a fourth aspect of the present invention is an image processing method and apparatus for picking up images at regular intervals and reconstructing them for each screen or frame. Recorded on the same recording medium with the still image information of
At the time of reproduction, it is picked up at each recording interval for each event, and each event is observed by frame-by-frame still image observation.

Next, a fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a distinguishable signal is added to a recorded image for each visual field, an image is picked up by using the distinguished signal, and reconstructed for each screen or frame. By the processing method and its apparatus, the image is recorded on the recording medium according to the discrimination signal, and at the time of reproduction, the image is picked up according to the discrimination signal for each event, and each event is observed by frame advance of the still image.

Next, a sixth aspect of the present invention is an image processing method and apparatus for storing a standard image in advance and detecting a change by subtracting an image pickup signal, and storing the standard image in an image memory. The standard image luminance and the image pickup luminance are set to be the same, the signal is subtracted on a screen-by-screen basis to extract the variation, and the presence or absence of the image variation is detected.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is an image processing method characterized by recording a signal indicating a change in an image and a signal indicating an attribute of an image after an audio track of a recording medium or a retrace signal of an image, and a method thereof. When the device does not need to record audio, those signals are recorded in an audio track, and the screen is constructed for each event by using the signal as a clue during reproduction. If audio recording is required, insert those signals after the vertical blanking signal or horizontal blanking signal of the image signal in the same recording method as the image signal, and use the signal as a clue during playback to display the screen for each event. Constitute.

[0023]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an optical device showing an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a top view of a rotary reflecting mirror of this device, FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a rotary reflecting mirror of this device, and FIG. Is a side view of the rotary reflecting mirror of the present apparatus, FIG. 5 is a plan view of an inspected portion of a sample, and FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of the rotary reflecting mirror. (1) is CRT, (2)
Is a calculation / storage unit, (3) is a keyboard, (4) is a printer, (5) is a sample transport arm, (6) is a sample cassette stocker, (7) is a negative sample stocker, and (8) is a positive sample stocker, (9) is the illuminated specimen lift, (1
(0) is the sample inspected part suction port, (11) is the inside of the cylinder, (1)
2) is a rotary reflecting mirror, (13) is a microscope objective lens,
(14) is the same eyepiece lens, (15) is a video camera,
(16) is the rotation axis of the rotary reflector, (17) is the mirror surface,
(18) is an observation area of the specimen inspected portion.

This embodiment is an automatic worm egg inspection apparatus, including a microscope section, video section, calculation / storage section, CRT section, printer section, sample transport section, sample cassette section, negative sample stocker section, positive sample stocker section. It is characterized in that a rotary reflecting mirror is provided between the objective lens of the microscope section and the sample.

[0025] In mass screening of school children, the gallworm egg test requires the most attention because of its high positive rate and infectivity. In particular, negative specimens have a wide observation range, and the number of specimens is as large as tens of thousands per day, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.
Currently, an automatic inspection machine equipped with an image recognition device has been developed, but since the time required to move the auto stage required several seconds to move one line, the inspection time per sample excluding the sample transportation time Since it takes a long time of 30 to 50 seconds, the processing speed of the engineer exceeds the processing capacity of the automatic machine when the transportation time is included.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the rotary reflecting mirror (12) capable of switching the screen at a plurality of ranges of the sample at high speed without the need to move the sample such as the auto stage or the inspection instrument such as the objective lens. ) Is provided.

As a film of Gyoza eggs, a pin tape manufactured by Fuji Shokai Co., Ltd. is used, and the film is stored in a dedicated cassette and then set in the sample cassette stocker (6). The sample transport unit is a piston-type negative pressure generator that adsorbs the sample on the tip of the movable arm (5) and moves it onto a sample lift (9) with built-in illumination. For the sample lift, each side is 1 depending on the external size of the sample
A mm-large concave portion is provided to assist positioning of the specimen. Next, the specimen lift rises and the microscope suction port (1
0 mm below 0), a negative pressure is applied to the inside of the cylinder (11) to adsorb the sample to the adsorption port (10). The worm egg collection film and pin tape do not require a preparation because the core material is made of transparent and strong plastic. The light beam of the illumination built into the specimen lift passes through the specimen and hits the mirror surface of the rotary reflecting mirror (12) (FIG. 2 top view, FIG. 3 bottom view, FIG. 4 side view) that rotates about the mounting rotation axis (16). The reflected light is transmitted through the objective lens (13) and the eyepiece lens (14) and is incident on the video camera (15), and the image is further calculated.
After transferring to the storage device (2) and performing image recognition processing, the sample lift is raised again and the sample is released and lowered to the arm (5).
Collects negative and positive specimens according to the instruction of the computing unit and stores them in each stocker (7 or 8). The test result is stored in the storage device (2) for each barcode number of the sample, and not only the test result but also the image of the positive sample is stored. If necessary, the positive sample is reconfirmed on the screen (1), Alternatively, it is taken out from the positive sample stocker (8) and re-examined by an engineer.

In the microscope section, the diameter of the inspection area of the sample is 24 mm, and the magnification of the microscope is 40 to 100 times 1
The range of specimens that can be processed on the screen (18) is 0.5 mm in diameter
5 mm to several millimeters, and 64 points are sampled within a 20 mm square area as shown in FIG.
The areas are for fine adjustment of synchronization, and the remaining 63 areas are the inspection range.

The rotary reflecting mirror is internally provided in a cylinder (11) which is black and has been subjected to a matt (texture) treatment so as to shield ambient light. An imaginary line in the length direction on the mirror surface (dashed line Y
When a perpendicular line is drawn from the center line of the rotation axis (16) to the center line of the rotation axis (16), the eight reflecting mirrors (17) whose angles between the perpendicular line and Y are slightly different from each other Chain line X
And the angle between X and the perpendicular drawn from the center line of the rotation axis is always 90 degrees. In Fig. 6, the distance between the mirror surface and the observation part of the specimen is L
When the distance between adjacent observation areas (18) in the vertical direction of FIG. 5 is D, the angle difference (8) with respect to the rotation axis of each reflecting mirror is the tangent 2 minutes θ is 2 L Given by D. In addition, the rotation angle of the rotation axis (16) is ω
Then, when the interval between the observation areas (18) in FIG. 5 in the horizontal direction to the adjacent areas in the vertical direction is d, ω of tangent 2 is also 2 d for 2L. The image pickup device of the video camera unit uses a non-interlaced method of 30 frames per second to perform an electronic shutter process for one thousandth of a second, the shutter interval is set to 1/32 second, and the rotation speed of the rotary reflecting mirror rotates at a constant angular speed of 30 rpm. And In that case, FIG.
The number of samplings in the vertical direction is the same as the number of surfaces of the reflecting mirror, and the number of samplings in the horizontal direction depends on the rotation angular velocity of the reflecting mirror on one mirror surface and the shutter interval time of the imaging device. Since one rotation takes 2 seconds, the shutter opening frequency per mirror surface is 64 divided by 8, which means 8 samples in the vertical direction and 8 samples in the horizontal direction.
Therefore, there are 8 samples, and the total is 8 times 8 which is 64.
Therefore, the number of observation areas (observation areas) of the specimen inspected portion is eight in the vertical direction and eight in the horizontal direction, for a total of 64 locations. Therefore, when imaging is started from the observation area in the upper left corner on the sample in FIG.
The observation area moves to the right every 1/32 second, and up to the 8th area is reflected on the same mirror surface, but in the 9th area, the reflection point moves to the adjacent mirror surface. The observation area moves to the left corner of the second column, then moves to the right again, and similarly, the 64th position moves to the lower right corner, and the second rotation moves to the upper left corner again. Therefore, the inspection time excluding the sample transportation time is 2 seconds per sample, which is about 2 times compared to the conventional automatic machine.
It is shortened to 1/0.

The motor that controls the rotation of the reflex bell is
It uses a stepping motor. The fine adjustment (timing adjustment) of the synchronization between the shutter interval time and the rotation of the image pickup device is performed by shielding the range on the reflecting mirror surface corresponding to one area in the central portion of the 64 observation areas, and processing so as not to reflect. The area is subjected to image recognition processing, and if the reflected light of the image is crescent-shaped, feedback is given to the drive unit so that it is a new moon. This fine adjustment does not affect the total inspection time because it is performed during the sample transport period. The reason why the light-shielding area is located in the central part is that worms lay eggs in the peripheral part of the anus, so that the central part has a relatively small number of eggs.

In order to prevent light rays from being scattered on the mirror surface, the surface roughness of the mirror surface is important. Surface roughness is unevenness smaller than half wavelength of visible light, and R (max) is 0.1s or less.
(A) is preferably 0.05a or less. Regarding the shift of the focus caused by the rotation of the reflecting mirror, in the scanning of the sample in the lateral (X) direction, the distance from the center of the mirror surface to the rotation axis is larger than the radius of rotation of the mirror surface end (r in FIG. 6). Because of the short length, when the light beam from the center of the reflecting mirror is received, the distance (OL) between the objective lens and the reflecting mirror surface is slightly longer than the light beam from the end, and conversely, the distance between the reflecting mirror and the test object is small. The distance (ML) to the object becomes short because the observation area of the sample moves. Since the sum of OL and ML is determined by the magnification and the focal length, a reflector is provided at a position and angle such that the sum of the increase in OL and the decrease in ML is almost offset. Furthermore, even when the specimen is scanned in the vertical (Y) direction, the optical axis is placed at a mirror surface position such that the sum of the increase in OL and the decrease in ML can almost cancel each other out. To match. However, the change curves of OL and ML with respect to time cannot be completely canceled out because of different curvatures. Therefore, it is necessary to make the depth of focus as deep as possible. It is also possible to adjust the mirror width and the number of surfaces.

Therefore, the enlargement ratio is made as small as possible in order to increase the depth of focus. Currently, an imaging device is also mass-produced with a CCD of 400,000 pixels, and a highly integrated one tends to be developed in the future, and as the resolution of the CCD itself increases, image processing can be performed at a low enlargement ratio. If the deviation of the focus still cannot be absorbed, the objective lens or the stage is oscillated back and forth in synchronization with the rotation on the optical axis by a piezo element or the like.

Since the distance between the object to be inspected and the objective lens becomes longer by providing the reflecting mirror, the focus of the objective lens should be as long as possible the first focus and relatively short second focus and low magnification. The eyepiece lens used has a relatively short first focal point and high magnification. When using multiple objective lenses with a large-diameter lens as the first objective lens,
It is also possible to provide the reflecting mirror between a plurality of objective lenses.

Further, a reflecting mirror (FIG. 7) having a curved surface such that the curvature of the mirror surface of the rotating reflecting mirror continuously changes can also be used, and the mirror and the objective lens are connected by rotating the mirror surface. By changing the angle between the optical axis and the mirror surface, the observation range of the sample can be set on a complicated closed curve.

[0035]

[Embodiment 2] This embodiment is an apparatus in which two rotary reflecting mirrors are used instead of one rotary reflecting mirror (12 in FIG. 1) in the apparatus of the first embodiment, and the reflecting mirrors are provided for each mirror surface. Virtual line Y (Fig. 5)
Is a rotary reflecting mirror having a plurality of mirror surfaces with the same angle between the axis of rotation and the perpendicular drawn to the center line of the rotating shaft, and the two reflecting mirrors are arranged so that the center lines of the rotating shafts are orthogonal to each other. .

The image of the observation area of the specimen is reflected on the mirror surface of the first rotary reflecting mirror, and the mirror image is further reflected on the second mirror surface at the orthogonal position and made incident on the objective lens. By rotating the first rotary reflecting mirror, the horizontal movement is moved vertically by the second rotary reflecting mirror, so that the observation area can be moved two-dimensionally.

Not only the inspection time can be shortened by switching the screen at high speed, but also the position and the number of the observation area can be freely set by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotary reflecting mirror regardless of the mounting angle and the number of the mirrors.

[0038]

Third Embodiment FIGS. 9 and 10 are top views of a rotary reflecting mirror according to this embodiment. The present embodiment is a laser processing machine in which two rotary reflecting mirrors are provided so that their rotary axes are orthogonal to each other, and a rotary reflecting mirror in which eight reflecting mirrors are arranged in an octagonal prism shape on the light source side as shown in FIG. Is provided, and further on the side of the workpiece as shown in FIG.
As described above, the rotary reflecting mirrors are provided in which the mounting angles of the eight reflecting mirrors are slightly shifted. The reflector on the light source side (FIG. 10) is in charge of scanning in the horizontal direction with respect to the object to be processed, and the reflector on the side of the object to be processed (FIG. 9) is also in charge of scanning in the vertical direction. If both reflectors are shown in Figure 1.
When the reflecting mirror of 0 is used, both the reflecting mirrors continuously rotate at their respective speeds, so that the beam slightly moves in the vertical direction during the horizontal scanning, and the beam is obliquely scanned. In order to prevent the inconvenience, as shown in FIG. 9, by tilting the mounting angle of the mirror surface of each reflecting surface by the vertical scanning line interval, horizontal scanning becomes possible, and more accurate processing becomes possible. or,
The number of surfaces of each rotary reflecting mirror may be plural other than eight.

[0039]

[Embodiment 4] This embodiment is a surgical binocular microscope in which one movable reflecting mirror is provided between the portion to be inspected and the objective lens. It is possible to change the field of view without moving the microscope body by swinging the reflector vertically and horizontally by operating the foot switch remotely.

[0040]

Fifth Embodiment FIG. 8 is a top view of a rotary reflecting mirror. (1
9) is a rotating bottom plate, (20) is a movable rod, (21, 22)
Is a rotary reflecting mirror, and (23, 24) are opening / closing gears.
The present embodiment is an optical apparatus characterized in that an opening / closing rotary reflecting mirror is attached to the tip of an electronic endoscope. Unlike an ordinary endoscope, it is difficult to provide a movable prism for changing the field of view in an electronic endoscope because the internal structure of the tip is complicated, which is convenient for observing the front of the objective lens. ,
The direction of the lens must be changed in order to observe the objective lens in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the wall surface in detail, and it is difficult to switch the field of view in a space with a small inner diameter. Therefore, there is a demand for a means for securing the field of view in the side direction without changing the direction of the main body or the objective lens and without affecting the good field of view in the front.

The reflecting mirror is obliquely attached in front of the objective lens of the fiberscope. The reflecting mirror is a rotary reflecting mirror in which a plurality of mirror surfaces have different inclinations with respect to a rotation axis, and the reflecting mirror is provided in the middle of the observation object and the objective lens, and is rotated about the mounting axis of the reflecting mirror so as to rotate the mirror and the objective lens. The observation range moves up, down, left, and right as the angle between the optical axis connecting to and the mirror surface changes. As shown in FIG. 8, a rotary reflecting mirror (21, 22) (hereinafter referred to as a four-sided mirror) having four mirror surfaces divided in half along the rotation axis is provided on the rotary plate (19). The bottom surface of the four-sided mirror has a grooved arm (23) and a movable rod (20) that moves along a straight line on the bottom surface of the four-sided mirror, and is used for opening and closing at the center of a circular rotary plate (19). There is a gear (24), which is connected to the external control unit by a steel wire, and by rotating the steel wire, the gear (2
4) Counterclockwise rotation and grooved arm (23)
To widen the four-sided mirror and open the front surface of the objective lens to secure the field of view in front of the microscope. Also, rotate the gear clockwise to set the four-sided mirror (2
1 and 22) are brought into close contact with each other to form an 8-sided mirror, and the 8-sided mirror is rotated clockwise by further rotating the gear clockwise to move the observation area without changing the orientation of the main body or objective lens. It is possible to observe the side direction of the lens.

[0042]

[Embodiment 6] In this embodiment, an automatic camera including a surveillance camera in which a rotary reflecting mirror in which three reflecting mirrors are combined in a triangular prism shape is attached in front of an objective lens of a video camera, and a video cassette recorder (VCR). It is a monitoring device.

The conventional surveillance camera is often installed on a rotary mount, and automatically swings at a constant speed or is moved by a manual remote control device. However, there was a drawback that it was not possible to continuously monitor the desired place at the time of an accident or crime. Alternatively, there is a problem that a large number of fixed-type video cameras must be installed.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the light beam from the object to be monitored is reflected by the reflecting mirror and is incident on the objective lens of the video camera and recorded by the VCR. By rotating the rotary reflecting mirror, the angle of the optical axis from the objective lens of the video camera and the mirror surface changes, so that the field of view moves. Since the object to be monitored is sufficiently far away, the light rays reflected by the reflecting mirror are almost parallel rays, so that the zoom and telephoto functions can be easily used. Use infrared autofocus if focus adjustment is required. The video camera employs a non-interlaced system with 30 screens per second, performs electronic shutter processing for 1/200 second, reduces shutter interval to 1/10 second, and the number of rotations of the rotary reflecting mirror is 66 and 3 per minute. Half
Let's rotate. Therefore, one reflection mirror surface is imaged at three locations, and the fields of view at the three locations are switched every tenth of a second, and since the rotary reflecting mirror is a set of three surfaces, it is the same every three tenths of a second. Since the field of view is imaged and the information to be recorded is recorded at 10 screens per second for 24 hours, the same amount of information is recorded as when recording 30 screens per second (60 frames in the interlace system) for 8 hours. The image record is
Use 1/2 inch 8 hours video tape (when using SLP mode), reduce signal recording speed to 1/3 and tape feed speed to 1/3. Therefore, tape replacement is 24
Once an hour. Information for three fields of view is sequentially recorded on one screen on each screen. This VCR has a field-of-view changeover switch and an image memory for one screen, and at the time of reproduction, picks up every three screens and reproduces a still image for each field of view by the frame advance function. Especially in the case of crime prevention, it is not necessary to record the smooth movement of the subject at all times, and it takes at least several seconds to complete a crime. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an image with sufficient evidence even with frame advance every 0.3 seconds. .

In this embodiment, the system of one video tape, one video camera and one VCR can monitor three places, and information processing for three conventional systems can be performed. In addition, since information for three places is recorded on the same recording medium, it is not necessary to replace the tape each time and reproduce, and it is possible to confirm by simply switching the screen switching switch. In addition, as the structural feature of this system, each screen is recorded over time on the same medium, so if there are causal relationships between multiple events in multiple fields of view, the temporal cause of each field of view The ability to prove is excellent because the relationship can be clarified.

[0046]

[Embodiment 7] This embodiment is an automatic monitoring device consisting of three fixed video cameras, one VCR and one video tape.

The VCR has three sets of video inputs of the video camera 1, the video camera 2, and the video camera 3 and three sets of image memories for one screen, and each image memory corresponds to an image from each camera. ing. 30 per second for each camera
Adopts the non-interlaced method of the screen, 1/200
Second electronic shutter processing is performed and the shutter interval is set to 10
The image information for each 1/10 second is transferred to the image memory of the VCR, and one screen is sequentially called from the three sets of image memories and recorded on the same video tape. In the case of monitoring, in order to manage exceptional events that are different from normal, a standard screen such as an unattended room is stored in memory in advance, and recorded on tape only when a change occurs compared to the captured image each time. . Alternatively, all the images are recorded and the still images of each camera are played back frame by frame only on the screens that change when the images are played back. This shortens the confirmation time during reproduction. In order to realize this, a signal that can be distinguished for each image of each camera is added to each screen and the still image of each camera is frame-advanced during playback. This camera discrimination signal and a signal indicating that there is a change are recorded on the audio track of the video tape, and at the time of search, the tape is fast-forwarded to search for a required reproduction point. If the audio signals have to be recorded, the search time will be longer since they have to be read by the rotary head, but they are inserted in the video signal track after the vertical or horizontal retrace signal. Further, when the unchanged image is not recorded, the later confirmation can be facilitated by including the time display in the image on each screen.

Further, in order to easily and easily recognize changes in images at low cost, a MOS type device is used as the image pickup device, and the minimum resolution necessary for recognizing the movement of the monitored object is always present (for example, on the monitored object). Vertical and horizontal light-receiving elements on the device corresponding to a 20 cm square area (for example, 10 in vertical and horizontal 10 elements)
(0 element) is used as 1 light receiving element to perform signal processing to reduce the substantial resolution (for example, 1/100), and a lens or reflecting mirror is provided between the image pickup device and the objective lens of the video camera. The piezo element gives a horizontal vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions, and an image that matches the standard image stored in advance is searched for from the vibration image. Only when the image does not match within 0.3 seconds, the lens or reflector Vibration is stopped, the actual resolution of the imaging device is restored, and the image is transmitted from the camera. When two imaging devices are used to obtain the same effect, a high resolution observation image imaging device (DV1) and a low resolution motion detection imaging device (D1) are used.
V2) and a half mirror is provided between the image pickup device and the objective lens to divide the image into two, and a vibrating lens or a reflecting bell is provided in front of DV2 so that an image from DV1 can be obtained only when a motion change is detected. Transmit and simultaneously turn on the change alarm lamp at the monitoring station.

[0049]

[Embodiment 8] This embodiment is a switching device for optical communication using the rotary reflecting mirror (FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4) of Embodiment 1, and a plurality of optical fibers from one optical fiber line. It is characterized by switching signals to the line.

The signals of a plurality of events are recorded on a single optical fiber in a regular order, the amplitude of the signal is amplified immediately before being input to the device, and the rotary reflecting mirror regularly receives a plurality of light. A ray of light is made incident on the lens and transmitted again by an optical fiber. In the conventional switching, there is a problem of signal delay and noise because it is converted into an electric signal and switched, and then regenerated into an optical signal for transmission.

[0051]

The switching of the observation area depends on the moving speed or the rotating speed of the reflecting mirror. Microscope auto stage, etc.
The observation range can be moved without moving the observation object. In particular, in the case of a rotary reflecting mirror, the movement time of the observation area is inversely proportional to the rotation speed, and with an optical device equipped with an image processing device, conventionally, it took a long time to move the stage on which the observation object was placed. Although it was difficult to significantly reduce the inspection time, the shutter opening time of the imaging device, the signal reading speed of the imaging device,
Image signal buffer memory capacity, photoelectric element sensitivity,
By adjusting the brightness of the illumination, the rotation speed of the reflecting mirror, etc., the movement time of the observation area can be shortened from several tenths to several hundredths when using the auto stage. Further, when applied to a switching device for optical communication using a rotary reflecting mirror, it is possible to switch lines without converting to an electric signal, and signal delay and noise can be reduced.

As in the sixth and seventh embodiments, a plurality of events are sequentially recorded in parallel on the same recording medium in the form of screen or frame unit still image information, and at the time of reproduction, each event discrimination signal is recorded or recorded. In the method of picking up at each interval and observing by frame advance of still images for each of a plurality of events, not only is it possible to manage information with a smaller number of recording / reproducing devices and recording media compared to the conventional method, but also the same Since information is recorded at a plurality of locations on the recording medium, it is not necessary to replace the tape each time to reproduce the information, and it is possible to confirm by simply switching the screen switching switch. In addition, since the recording is performed on each screen for each screen over time, which is a structural feature of this system, when there is a causal relationship between multiple events in multiple fields of view,
Since it is possible to clarify the temporal causal relationship of the screen of each field of view,
Excellent causal evidence. Also, when setting a standard image and transmitting only the image that has changed from that image, especially when the number of surveillance cameras is large and there are not many people in the surveillance area at night, etc. You can prevent mistakes. In addition, the retrieval is easy even when the tape is reproduced, and the amount of recorded information is minimized, so that the recording medium can be recorded at a substantially high density.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a top view according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a top view according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a top view according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 CRT 2 Arithmetic / storage unit 3 Keyboard 4 Printer 5 Sample transport arm 6 Sample cassette stocker 7 Negative sample stocker 8 Positive sample stocker 9 Illuminated sample lift 10 Sample inspected partial adsorption port 11 Cylinder interior 12 Rotating reflector 13 Microscope Objective lens 14 Same eyepiece lens 15 Video camera 16 Rotational axis of rotary reflecting mirror 17 Mirror surface 18 Observation area of specimen inspected area 19 Rotating bottom plate 20 Movable rods 21, 22 Rotary reflecting mirror 23, 24 Opening / closing gears d, D Row spacing L Distance between observation area and mirror surface r Rotation radius of mirror corner X, Y Virtual line on mirror surface

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location G06T 1/00 H04N 5/222 Z // G02B 23/24 B 9317-2K 26/08 E 9226- 2K D 9226-2K G06F 15/64 320 E

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An optical apparatus, characterized in that a movable type, such as a reflecting mirror and a prism, having a function of changing the direction of a light beam is provided between an observation object and an objective lens. 2. An optical system which is a polygonal prism and has a plurality of mirror surfaces, and which is a rotary reflecting mirror in which the distance from one end of each reflecting mirror to the rotation center axis is different from the distance from the other end on the same mirror surface to the rotation center axis. machine. 3. An optical apparatus comprising a plurality of rotary reflecting mirrors each having a plurality of mirror surfaces, the rotary axes of which are orthogonal to or close to each other. 4. An image processing method and apparatus characterized by picking up images at regular intervals and reconstructing them for each screen or frame. 5. An image processing method and apparatus, wherein a distinguishable signal is added to a recorded image for each field of view, an image is picked up by using the distinguishing signal and reconstructed for each screen or frame. 6. An image processing method and apparatus for storing a standard image in advance and detecting a change by subtracting an image pickup signal. 7. An image processing method and apparatus for recording a signal indicating a change in an image or a signal indicating an attribute of an image after an audio track of a recording medium or a retrace signal of a video.