JPH0788993B2 - Hydrogen gas exhaust system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to hydrogen that discharges hydrogen gas in a system such as an absorption refrigerator, an absorption heat pump, and other refrigerators, boilers, and other equipment to the atmosphere outside the system. Regarding improvement of a gas exhaust system.

(B) Conventional technology As a conventional technology of the hydrogen gas exhaust device, for example, Jikho Sho 47
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 19970, in which a sealed end of a metal palladium tube is inserted into a container into which hydrogen gas flows in series with the system, the opening end is opened to the atmosphere, and a heater is fixed to the container. It has been known.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional hydrogen gas exhaust system as described above, first, the container is heated by the heater, and the metal palladium pipe is heated by the heat conduction from the heated container [250 ° C. Temperature rise above)
is doing. In addition, the brazing part between the metal palladium tube and the container (iron container) is at a much higher temperature [about 380 to 400 ° C] than the metal palladium tube when heated by the heater. Since it is brazing, it is easy to cause stress due to heat and easily corrodes,
It is easy to cause cracks such as stress corrosion cracking. Therefore, the conventional device has a problem that its durability is poor.

In view of this problem, the present invention has an object to provide a hydrogen gas exhaust device which is more durable than conventional devices.

(D) Means for Solving Problems As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a hydrogen gas conduit communicating with the system and a palladium pipe connected to the hydrogen gas conduit by brazing or the like. In a hydrogen gas exhaust device that consists of a hydrogen permeator and a heater that heats this hydrogen permeator and releases only the hydrogen gas in the system from the hydrogen permeator to the outside of the system, the hydrogen permeation is performed only by the radiant heat of the heater. The hydrogen permeation device and the heater are arranged so as to oppose each other on a heat insulating base through a space so as to heat the container.

(E) Action The hydrogen gas exhaust device of the present invention differs from the conventional device in which the heat of the heater is indirectly transferred to the metal palladium tube through the container to raise the temperature by the heat conduction action. Since the structure is such that the temperature of the hydrogen passage tube is raised directly, the temperature of the connection part (brazing part or welded part) between the system and the hydrogen transmission tube can be kept below the temperature of the hydrogen transmission tube,
It can be much lower than the braze temperature of conventional equipment. Therefore, in the device of the present invention, it is possible to remarkably reduce the stress due to heat of the connection portion as compared with the conventional device, and it is possible to greatly reduce the probability of occurrence of cracks. The durability can be improved.

Further, in the present invention, the hydrogen permeator and the heater for heating it with radiant heat are arranged opposite to each other through a space, and the hydrogen permeator is heated with radiant heat from the heater, so compared to conventional devices by heat conduction. Thus, the hydrogen permeation tube can be efficiently heated to exhibit a desired hydrogen permeation effect.

(F) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a front view showing a partially cutaway cross section of an embodiment of a hydrogen gas exhaust device according to the present invention. In FIG.
(1) is a hydrogen permeator made of metallic palladium, (2),
(2) is a heater for radiating heat rays such as infrared rays arranged facing the hydrogen permeator (1) through a space, and (3) is provided with a hole for fitting the hydrogen permeator (1) in the center A heater installation base made of an insulator or other heat insulator, (4) is a hydrogen gas conduit, and (5) and (5) are connection points between the hydrogen gas conduit (4) and the hydrogen permeator (1). It is a brazing part.

Although not shown, the hydrogen gas conduit (4) is in communication with a component in the system where hydrogen gas is generated or is present, for example, an absorption refrigerator.

Further, (6) is an infrared radiator made of nichrome wire,
(7) is a transparent body made of glass or the like, and (8) is a mirror surface body. The transparent body (7) may be formed in a convex lens shape and / or the mirror surface body (8) may be formed in a concave surface shape.

2 to 6 are plan views showing various embodiments of the hydrogen gas exhaust system according to the present invention, respectively, and the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are the same as those shown in FIG. The code is attached.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1, which shows a heater (2) on both sides of a square hydrogen permeator (1),
(2) is arranged so as to face each other. The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has a structure in which four heaters (2) are installed on a base (3) and the heaters (2) are opposed to the respective side surfaces of a rectangular hydrogen permeator (1). . The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has a structure in which four heaters (2) provided with a transparent body (7) having a convex lens shape are arranged to face a thin hydrogen permeator (1) having a circular shape. A laser beam irradiation device may be used for the heater (2) of the embodiment shown in FIG. The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which four heaters (2) are arranged in opposition to a circular hydrogen permeator (1), and these heaters have concave mirror-like bodies (not shown). 8) is built in. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a circular hydrogen permeator (1) is replaced with a ring-shaped heater (2).
It has a structure surrounded by.

The hydrogen permeator (1) is not limited to the rectangular or circular shape, but may be polygonal or any other shape, and the arrangement relationship between the hydrogen permeator (1) and the heater (2) is shown in FIG. The hydrogen permeation device and the heater for heating the same with radiant heat are not limited to those shown in FIG. 6 as long as they are opposed to each other through a space.

Next, the hydrogen gas exhaust device (hereinafter,
The hydrogen gas exhausting action of this device) will be briefly described. When the heater (2) is energized, the heat radiated from the heater warms the outer surface of the hydrogen permeator (1) made of palladium metal, and the heat is further transferred to the inner surface of the hydrogen permeator (1).
Raise the temperature to about 250 ° C. The inner surface of the hydrogen permeator (1) is 2
When the temperature is raised to a temperature close to 50 ° C., hydrogen gas in the vessel dissociates into atomic hydrogen on the inner surface. The atomic radius of atomic hydrogen is much smaller than the atomic radii of other gases. A hydrogen atom is made up of one proton (proton) and one electron, and the radius of the proton is 1.5 × 10 ^-5 Å, and hydrogen is a little larger than that, while the lattice constant of palladium is 20 ° C. 3.88Å. Therefore, hydrogen permeates the wall of the hydrogen permeator (1) made of palladium metal by diffusion in the lattice. Moreover, since other gases such as the atmosphere are not dissociated by palladium, they cannot pass through the wall of the hydrogen permeator (1). As a result, only hydrogen gas in the system is hydrogen permeator (1).
Will be exhausted to the atmosphere outside the system.

As the material of the hydrogen permeator (1), silver having the same properties as palladium metal may be used. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a hydrogen storage alloy that stores hydrogen in a specific temperature range while releasing hydrogen in another specific temperature range. In addition, a material that has been receiving attention recently, for example, copper is vapor-deposited on a sintered body of stainless steel, electroplating is further performed on nickel, and then lanthanum nickel having a hydrogen separating ability is flash vapor-deposited on which copper is further vapor-deposited. It is also possible to use

In this device, the temperature of the brazing part (5) between the hydrogen permeator (1) and the hydrogen gas conduit (4) is lower than that of the hydrogen permeator (1) [for example, 250 ° C.]. Compared to the conventional device, where the temperature of the attachment part is close to 400 ° C, 1
It can be lowered by about 50 ° C. Therefore, in this device, the stress due to the heat of the brazing part (5) and its corrosion are reduced as compared with the conventional device, and the durability is improved.

In addition, in this device, almost the entire surface of the hydrogen permeator (1) is directly and uniformly heated by radiant heat to uniformly raise the temperature to about 250 ° C. Therefore, a temperature gradient is generated in this and the hydrogen permeation capacity Compared to conventional equipment that can make high and low parts,
The hydrogen gas exhaust capacity is also improved. The hydrogen permeator (1)
Since the outer surface of the is larger than the inner surface, the hydrogen separating ability of the outer surface heated to a uniform temperature is also increased.

In addition, in this apparatus, in order to exhibit an optimum hydrogen permeation action depending on the material of the hydrogen permeator (1), the hydrogen permeator (1) may be irradiated with a light beam [heat ray] of a specific wavelength. Of course good things.

(G) Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the hydrogen permeator and the heater for heating the same with radiant heat are arranged so as to face each other, and the hydrogen permeator is heated with radiant heat from the heater. Therefore, compared to the conventional device that uses heat conduction, local heating of the brazed part, which is the connection point between the hydrogen permeator and the system, or the welded part is prevented, and the stress and corrosion due to that heat are reduced, making the device more durable. Not only can the hydrogen permeation rate be improved, but also the hydrogen permeator can be efficiently heated, and the exhaust capability of hydrogen gas outside the system can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a partially cutaway cross section of an embodiment of a hydrogen gas exhaust device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 6 show various embodiments of the device according to the present invention. FIG. (1) …… Hydrogen permeator, (2) …… Heater, (3)…
... base, (4) ... hydrogen gas conduit, (5) ... brazing part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A system comprising a hydrogen gas conduit communicating with the inside of the system, a hydrogen permeator such as a palladium pipe connected to the hydrogen gas conduit by brazing, and a heater for heating the hydrogen permeator. In a hydrogen gas exhaust device that discharges only the hydrogen gas inside from the hydrogen permeator to the outside of the system, the hydrogen permeator and the heater are thermally insulated through a space so that the hydrogen permeator is heated only by the radiant heat of the heater. A hydrogen gas exhaust device, characterized in that the hydrogen gas exhaust device is arranged opposite to the base of the.