JPH0787923B2 - Metal plastic working method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a metal plastic working method and apparatus for carrying out plastic working while transferring a metal to be worked to a work roll, and particularly to prevent roll slip. It was done.

[Background technology and its problems]

Plastic working of metals is widely practiced, such as the production of iron, non-metal plates and foils.

An example of such a metal plastic working method and a conventional plastic working apparatus provided for carrying out the method will be described with reference to FIG. The plastic working shown in FIG. 6 is a case where a metal to be worked is rolled to manufacture a thin plate thereof, and a rolling machine 12 as a plastic working machine having rolling rolls 13 and 13 arranged opposite to each other.
This rolling mill 12, an eye coiler 11 provided at the inlet side of the rolling mill 12, and a coiler 15 provided at the outlet side thereof
And the work metal 1 which is the material to be rolled, which is wound around the uncoiler 11, is continuously supplied to the rolling mill 12 and rolled while applying a predetermined rolling load by the work rolls 13 of the rolling mill 12. Then, the rolled thin plate was wound by the coiler 15.

Further, when performing such a metal rolling process, a predetermined plate thickness, quality, and a predetermined rolling load in order to secure the production amount,
The transfer speed (rolling speed) and the transfer tension were set.

Therefore, by applying a predetermined rolling load while supplying the metal 1 to be processed at a predetermined rolling speed, it was possible to perform rolling (plasticity) processing to a thickness of half or less.

However, the conventional plastic working method and plastic working apparatus described above have the following problems.

Firstly, the plate thickness is mainly determined by the size of the rolling load, and the productivity is proportional to the rolling speed (transfer speed). However, if each is independently and arbitrarily determined, it can be produced with a predetermined quality. There was a problem that I could not do it. That is, when the rolling speed is kept constant, the frictional resistance at the rolling portion fluctuates depending on the magnitude of the rolling load, so-called roll slip occurs, slip scratches appear on the surface of the metal to be processed, and the quality deteriorates. On the other hand, it may be possible to adjust the rolling oil, but it is difficult to say that this is a complete measure because of the problem of quick response. Therefore, a method of surpassing the immediate situation is adopted by adjusting the rolling speed, but the adjusting work itself is very difficult because its quantitative nature is not clear, and lowering the rolling speed lowers productivity. There was a problem of being lost.

Secondly, if it is attempted to prevent roll slip in the relationship between the rolling load and the rolling speed with the rolling oil being kept constant, the frictional resistance tends to become excessive, so that the transfer tension must be increased. This increase in the transfer tension also increases the processing power in the same way as the rolling load, which causes a problem that it is against energy saving.

Thirdly, from the above viewpoint, the rolling load based on the experience side,
Although the rolling speed and the transfer tension are set, there is a technical problem that the setting itself requires considerable skill and is not so perfect. That is, there is a subtle variation in the frictional resistance in which roll slip cannot be prevented unless the set values are changed day by day or sometimes at short intervals.

[Object of the Invention]

It is an object of the present invention to provide a metal plastic working method and apparatus capable of preventing roll slip and ensuring high quality and performing plastic working with good production efficiency.

[Means and Actions for Solving Problems]

The present invention has conducted a test study while carefully analyzing the information obtained through many plastic workings such as rolling. As a result, the above-mentioned conventional problems are caused by the amount of moisture adhering to the surface of the metal to be processed and the adhesion thereof. We clarified the technical matter that the amount of water and the frictional resistance characteristics are not unique and vary significantly depending on the properties of the metal to be processed, and based on this new technical judgment, the water content adhering to the surface of each property of the metal to be processed Is actively adjusted to enable optimum plastic working.

That is, according to the test study of the applicant, water often adheres to the surface of the metal to be processed that is supplied to the plastic working machine due to weather conditions of the storage location or human error, and as a result, plastic working In the part, it induces a change in frictional resistance characteristics in relation to the oily effect of the lubricant. It was also found that this phenomenon is applied even to fine water droplets that are condensed when being carried in from a low temperature room to a high temperature room or due to a change in relative humidity in the room, and change delicately depending on the mode. Further, the metal has a property that the frictional resistance decreases as the adhering water content increases (hereinafter referred to as "humidity"), and a property that the frictional resistance increases as the adhering water content increases (hereinafter referred to as an anaerobic property). .) And a property (hereinafter, referred to as amphoteric) having humidity and anaerobic property with one or more attached moisture sandwiched therebetween.

In addition, an additional technical matter has been found that there is no practical problem even if the amount of water adhering to the surface of the metal to be processed is judged from the relationship with the relative humidity in the vicinity of the metal to be processed.

Thus, the present invention intends to solve the above problems by positively changing the frictional resistance characteristic, that is, the friction coefficient, by adjusting the water content of the surface of the metal to be processed according to the above-mentioned properties of the metal to be processed. .

Therefore, the first aspect of the present invention determines the property relating to the correlation between the water content of the work metal and the friction coefficient, and based on the result of the determination, humidifies or dehumidifies the surface of the work metal in the direction in which the friction coefficient increases. The metal to be processed is then plastically processed to achieve the above object.

A second aspect of the present invention is roll-slip detection means including a rotation speed detector for detecting a transfer speed of a metal to be processed and a rotation speed detector for detecting a rotation speed of a work roll, and a work. A humidifying means for humidifying the surface of the metal to be processed and / or a dehumidifying means for dehumidifying the water before being supplied to the roll, and a moisture adjusting device formed on the surface of the metal to be processed. By adjusting the water content, roll slip can be prevented so as to achieve the above object.

Therefore, according to the first invention, the property of the metal to be processed relating to the correlation between the moisture adhering to the surface of the metal to be processed and the frictional resistance to the plastic working machine, that is, the coefficient of friction is determined, and based on this determination result, Before or during processing, humidify or dehumidify the surface of the metal to be processed in the direction of increasing its friction coefficient to adjust the water content, and if the metal to be processed is plastically processed, roll slip is prevented and slip scratches do not occur. It can be plastically processed to obtain high quality products. Also, since roll slip can be prevented without lowering the transfer speed of the metal to be processed, the production efficiency can be increased.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, when the roll slip is detected by the roll slip detecting means from the transfer speed of the metal to be processed and the rotation speed (peripheral speed) of the work roll, the humidifying means of the moisture adjusting device is automatically or manually operated. and/
Alternatively, by operating the dehumidifying means to adjust the surface moisture of the metal to be processed, the friction coefficient can be adjusted without changing the processing load and the transfer speed, so that the roll slip can be prevented.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the metal plastic working method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The metal plastic working apparatus according to this embodiment has a first structure showing the entire structure.
As shown in the figure, rolling equipment similar to the conventional equipment shown in FIG. 6 formed by including an uncoiler 11, a rolling mill 12, and a coiler 15, a roll slip detection means 20, a drive control means 30, and moisture. It is composed of an adjusting device 40.

Now, the roll slip detecting means 20 is composed of the work rolls 13, 1
It is intended to detect the roll slip by detecting the deviation of the relative speed between 3 and the metal 1 to be processed, and the rotation connected to the driven roller 28 urged by the spring 29 so as to be in close contact with the metal 1 to be processed. A sensor 23, a transfer speed detector 24 for detecting a transfer speed of the metal 1 to be processed from an output signal from the rotation sensor 23, a rotation sensor 21 connected to one work roll 13 of the rolling mill 12, and this rotation sensor 21. A rotation speed detector 22 for detecting the peripheral speed of the work roll 13 by processing the output signal from the work roll 13, that is, a rotation speed, a slip detection circuit 25 connected to both detectors 22 and 24, and a current roll slip value. And a setter 26 for setting a predetermined value for outputting a slip signal to the outside when the roll slip value reaches a predetermined value.
Here, the roll slip value is the peripheral speed V _{r of the} work roll 13.
To the transfer speed V _m of the metal 1 to be processed (V _r / V _m ). Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to quantitatively read the roll slip value or to output an electric signal to the drive control means 30 described later when the roll slip value reaches a predetermined value. In addition,
The guide roller 18 biased by the spring 19 is arranged opposite to the driven roller 28.

Next, the moisture adjusting device 40 is intended to adjust the amount of moisture adhering to the surface of the metal 1 to be processed immediately before being supplied to the rolling mill 12. In this embodiment, the moisture on the surface of the metal 1 to be processed is dehumidified. Dehumidifying means 45 formed from a heater, a humidifying means 41 formed from an ultrasonic water droplet generator that humidifies the surface by attaching moisture, a heater dehumidifying means 45 temperature controller 46 and temperature setting device 47 It is composed of a humidity adjuster 42 and a humidity setter 43 for adjusting and setting the spray amount of the humidifying means 41. Here, the humidifying means 41 has an average particle size of 5 to 6
A water droplet of μm is generated to directly adhere to the surface of the metal 1 to be processed, and the so-called relative humidity is set to 100%. The humidifying means 41 is provided in a substantially sealed adjustment chamber 49 for improving the humidifying efficiency.

Further, the drive control means 30 includes a humidifying means 41 (humidity adjuster 42).
ON / OFF control of the switch 31 or the switch 32 based on the input signal from the slip detection circuit 25 and the changeover command of the changeover switch 34. And a switching drive circuit 33 for driving each means 41, 45.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

Whether the property of the metal 1 to be processed is humidity or anaerobicity is determined in advance (details will be described in Test I below). When the humidity is high, the dehumidifying means 45 switches the changeover switch 34 of the drive control means 30 to increase the frictional resistance (friction coefficient). In addition, the humidity setter 4 is provided so as to secure the amount of water commensurate with the property and the degree of the metal 1 to be plastically processed.
3. Set the temperature setter 47 to a predetermined value. Further, the setting device 26 of the roll slip detecting means 20 sets a slip value (V _r / V _m ) which is allowable for quality assurance. In this embodiment, it is set to a value between 0.9 and 1.05 depending on the metal 1 to be processed.

Then, the tip of the metal 1 to be processed pulled out from the uncoiler 11 is set in the coiler 15 through the water content adjusting device 40 and the rolling mill 12, and the rolling load and the transfer speed are adjusted based on the rolling ratio and the like to start the whole. At normal times, since the slip value is a value less than or equal to the value set as described above, the slip signal is not output from the roll slip detection means 20, and as a result, the drive control means 30 does not drive the moisture adjusting means 40. Absent.

On the other hand, in the initial stage or in the middle of processing, the ratio of the processed metal 1 may change due to fluctuations in rolling load, transfer speed, or atmospheric relative humidity.
The coefficient of friction at the compression point decreases due to various factors such as the increase or decrease of water adhering to the surface of the work roll 13 and the peripheral speed V _r of the work roll 13 becomes faster than the transfer speed V _m [V _r / V _m > setting Value (0.9
That is, when a roll slip occurs, the switching drive circuit 33 of the drive control means 30 causes the roll slip detection means 20 to
The slip signal is received from the slip detection circuit 25 and the switch 31 or 32, which has been switched by the changeover switch 34, is turned on.
The humidity controller 42 or the temperature controller 46 is driven.

As a result, the humidifying means 41 or the dehumidifying means 45 adjusts the water content on the surface of the metal 1 to be processed, and in any case, acts to increase the friction coefficient. As a result, slippage is prevented.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to change the friction coefficient in the rolling portion by adjusting the amount of water adhering to the surface of the metal 1 to be processed in advance or in the middle, so that the transfer speed (rolling speed) can be reduced. It is possible to prevent the roll slip and to achieve high-quality plastic working without slip flaws.

Further, since the water content adjusting device 40 is configured to operate based on the detection result of the roll slip detecting means 20 via the drive control means 30, it automatically acts so as not to generate a roll slip, thereby dramatically increasing the production efficiency. Can be improved. Also, by monitoring the meter 27, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fatal scratches by manual operation before they occur, which also contributes to quick work and high quality assurance. can do.

Further, since the moisture adjusting device 40 is provided with both the humidifying means 41 and the dehumidifying means 45, it is a metal 1 to be processed that is humorous, anaerobic or amphoteric and can increase the friction coefficient, so that it is a metal. Adaptability can be very large. On the other hand, although the technical basis is not always clear, even if the rolling load is reduced, the increase or decrease in water content, which has different properties from the rolling oil, produces a synergistic effect in combination with the rolling oil (lubricating oil). It was also possible to confirm the effect of obtaining the plate thickness of.

Furthermore, regardless of whether the metal 1 to be processed is humorous or anaerobic, the water content may be adjusted before plastic working, so that the structure is simple and easy to handle, and it can be installed in existing equipment.

<Test 1> The friction resistance characteristics of each metal 1 to be processed were confirmed using a Bowden-Leven friction tester (the friction part was a 3/16 inch steel ball for a pendulum test). In addition, friction speed 10.0mm / sec (relative speed to the metal 1 to be processed), stroke 11mm, load 1kg
As a test condition, the sample oil is mineral oil (viscosity 2.0st / 40 ° C) 7
% Wt lauryl alcohol (referred to as type A) or butyl stearate (referred to as type B) dissolved therein, or fats and oils (referred to as type C) were compared.

The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2 for the psychrophilic metal.

As shown in Table 1, the absolute value of the frictional force varies for each sample oil, but the larger the amount of water adhering to the surface of the sample material, that is, the higher the relative humidity when the temperature is constant, Also, the frictional force (friction resistance) is small. This becomes clearer from the characteristic diagram for the type 1 zinc plate illustrated in FIG. In addition to the above metals, zinc and zinc alloys, nickel and nickel alloys, etc. are widely included as those belonging to such humidity. Further, since the friction resistance characteristics depend on the surface condition of the test material, it is possible to use zinc as a foreign metal, for example. It can be said that even if it is plated, it belongs to humidity.

On the other hand, anaerobic metals are shown in Table 3 and FIG.

As is clear from Table 3, the absolute value of the frictional force fluctuates depending on the type of sample oil as in Table 2 above, but the surface of the test material is the same for all test materials as the amount of adhering water increases. The frictional force (friction resistance) is large. This is clear from the characteristics of the aluminum plate shown in FIG. 3 as an example. It should be noted that, as those belonging to such anaerobic property, for example, each alloy of the same kind as the above-mentioned test material, such as the above-mentioned aluminum alloy for aluminum, titanium, titanium alloy, etc. were confirmed. Also, the data on the sample oil C type is omitted.

<Test II> A brass plate (C2680P0 material ... 1.0 mm ^t x 50 mm ^w ) as a zinc alloy which was judged to be humorous in the above test I was used as a metal 1 to be processed, and a rolling test was performed as plastic working.

Test conditions Rolling mill: 4-stage reversible rolling mill (manufactured by Daini Yoshida Memorial Iron Works Co., Ltd.) Rolling roll 40mmφ × 200mm ^L Rolling condition: Rolling speed 100mm / min. Front tension 5kg / mm ² Rear tension 5kg / mm ² Rolling ratio 40% (plate thickness after rolling: 72 mm) Rolling oil: Daphne roll oil CU-50 (Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.)
Surface condition: The surface of the metal 1 to be processed sent out from the uncoiler 11 was supplied to the rolling mill 12 while being in contact with the relative humidity of 70% (20 ° C.) of the ambient atmosphere. However, the water content adjusting device 40 was not operated.

Test results As shown in FIG. 4, it was confirmed that the slip value (V _r / V _m ) exceeded 0.95 by the meter 27 of the roll slip detecting means 20 at time T ₁ , so the heater as the dehumidifying means 45 was operated for a time.
It was operated at T _{2 and} the front and back surfaces of the metal 1 to be processed were blown with hot air at about 80 ° C. to remove water. As a result, the slip value begins to drop than when the elapsed time T _3, at time T ₄
It returned to 0.95 and became stable. Here, the slip scratch disappeared.
It should be noted that the transfer length of the metal 1 to be processed is 10 between the time T ₁ and T _4.
The time corresponding to m, that is, about 6 seconds.

<Test III> An aluminum plate (A5052 P H16 material ... 1.2 mm ^t × 50 mm ^w ) judged to be anaerobic based on the above test I was used as a metal 1 to be processed, and a rolling test was conducted.

Test conditions The rolling mill 12 and rolling conditions were the same as in Test II, but the front tension and back tension were each 3 kg / mm ² . The rolling oil is Daphne Roll Oil AL-38 (Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.).
Manufactured) was used.

Surface condition: The surface of the metal 1 to be processed sent out from the uncoiler 11 has a relative humidity of 45% (23% in the ambient atmosphere (rolling chamber)).
(° C) while being supplied to the rolling mill 12.

Test results As shown in FIG. 4, at time T ₁ , it was confirmed that the slip value (V _r / V _m ) exceeded 0.91 with the meter 27, so the humidity setter 43 was set to the maximum scale (maximum water droplet generation amount). Humidification means
The average particle size 5.7 generated from the ultrasonic humidifier as the humidifying means 41 is operated on the front and back surfaces of the metal 1 to be processed by operating 41 at time T ₅ .
As a result of directly depositing a water droplet of μm, the slip value was lowered from T ₆ and the slip value could be settled at a predetermined 0.91 at time T ₇ .

The time relationship is the same as in the case of test II, but as shown in FIG. 1, the humidifying means 41 is installed closer to the rolling mill 12 side than the dehumidifying means 45, so that the response is quicker.

In addition, the above particle sizes are MALVERN INSTRUMENTS PARTICLE
It measured by SIZER (made by Malvern Instruments).

In the above embodiment, the moisture adjusting device 40 is a dehumidifying means 45 is a hot air blowing type heater, the humidifying means 41 is formed from an ultrasonic water droplet generator installed in the adjusting chamber 49, both
Although 41 and 45 are provided, in the case of intensively processing a humorous or anaerobic metal depending on the type of the target metal 1 to be processed, the monthly production process, etc., it is formed only from the humidifying means 41 or the dehumidifying means. The moisture conditioner 40 may be formed only from 45.
Further, the water content adjusting device 40 only needs to be able to adjust the water content adhering to the surface of the metal 1 to be processed so as to increase the coefficient of friction at the rolled portion, so the specific form, model, etc. of each means 41, 45 are limited. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, a humidifying means 41 and a dew condensation type dehumidifying means 45 are additionally provided in the adjusting chamber 49 as shown in FIG.
The present invention can be practiced even if it is formed so as to control the relative humidity inside 49, that is, in the vicinity of contact with the metal 1 to be processed. Reference numeral 44 is a humidity detection sensor.

Further, the water content adjusting device 40 is automatically ON / OFF controlled by the drive control means 30 which receives the slip signal from the roll slip detecting means 20, but the setting devices 43 and 47 are set depending on the magnitude of the slip signal. It can also be formed so as to control the set amount of. On the other hand, the present invention can be applied to a case where the drive control means 30 is omitted and the moisture adjusting device 40 is manually operated / stopped after being detected by the roll slip detection means 20 as shown in the tests II and III. As described above, the forms of the rotation sensors 21, 23, the slip detection circuit 25, and the like that constitute the present invention can be arbitrarily selected. The plastic working method according to the first aspect of the invention can be carried out without providing the roll slip detecting means 20. This is because, in the case where slip scratches do not occur even at the expense of an increase in processing power, maximum humidification or dehumidification may be performed in advance depending on the property of the metal 1 to be processed.

Further, in the above-mentioned tests II and III, in order to display the effect remarkably, the relative humidity shown in test I in the case of humidity
The value was set to 30% or less. On the other hand, in the case of anaerobic property, water droplets were attached so that the relative humidity became 100%. It is desirable to configure the water content adjusting device 40 and the like so that the water content does not increase.

Furthermore, the metal belonging to the humorous or anaerobic property is not limited to the above disclosed range. In this sense, it has humidity and anaerobicity across one or more attached moisture regions, such that one side is humidity (anaerobic) and the other is anaerobic (humidity) with a certain relative humidity as a boundary. The present invention is also applicable to so-called amphoteric metals.

Of course, the metal plastic working method and the apparatus thereof have been disclosed for rolling, but if the structure is such that roll slip is a problem, foil manufacturing, plastic working of other aspects such as shape steel manufacturing and the like. The present invention is directly applied to the device.

〔The invention's effect〕

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention has an excellent effect that the friction coefficient can be changed by adjusting the water content adhering to the surface of the metal to be processed, roll slip can be prevented, and high quality products can be processed efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a metal plastic working apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a friction resistance diagram of the same humorous metal, and FIG. 3 is a friction resistance diagram of the same anaerobic metal, FIG. 4 is a timing chart for preventing roll slip, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the water content adjusting device, and FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional metal plastic working device. 1 ... Metal to be processed, 13 ... Work roll, 20 ... Roll slip detection means, 22 ... Transfer speed detector, 24 ... Rotation speed detector, 30 ... Drive control means, 40 ... Moisture adjusting device , 41 …… Humidifying means, 45 …… Dehumidifying means.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A property relating to the correlation between water content adhered to a work metal and a friction coefficient is judged, and based on the judgment result, the surface of the work metal is humidified and / or dehumidified in a direction in which the friction coefficient increases. The metal plastic working method is characterized in that the metal to be worked is plastically worked thereafter. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the metal to be processed is humidified or dehumidified so that the friction coefficient is a value sufficient to prevent roll slip during the plastic working. A plastic working method of a metal characterized by the above. 3. The roll according to claim 2, wherein the humidification or dehumidification of the surface of the metal to be processed is determined from the rotation speed of the work roll for plastic working and the transfer speed of the metal to be processed. A plastic working method for a metal, which is automatically performed when a slip value exceeds a predetermined value. 4. A roll slip based on output signals from both detectors including a transfer speed detector for detecting a transfer speed of a metal to be processed and a rotation speed detector for detecting a rotation speed of a work roll. And a dehumidifying means for dehumidifying and / or dehumidifying the surface of the metal to be processed before being supplied to the work roll. And a device for adjusting the amount of water adhering to the surface of the metal to be processed so that roll slip can be prevented. 5. The metal plastic working apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein the water content adjusting device is configured to be automatically driven by a detection signal from the roll slip detecting means.