JPH0787842A - Automatic inoculation system for 'shitiake' spawn - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an automatic inoculation system designed to automatically, safely and smoothly conduct 'shiitake' spawning onto logs in high productivity by using each specific lift/traveling unit, boring/spawning unit, both ends-holding unit for the logs and spawn feed unit and by specifying their layout. CONSTITUTION:A log is held at its upper part by the upper face holding device of a boring/spawning unit 3 suspendedly held from a lift/traveling unit 2 on the top of a frame 1, and cylindrical 'shiitake' spawns are inoculated into a log using a spawning device set up at the lower end of the frame. Both ends of the log is horizontally held in a revolvable way by a relevant unit 4 and cylindrical 'shiitake' spawns are fed one by one in a standing posture from a spawn feed unit 5 to the spawning device.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for automatically and continuously inoculating a raw material such as oak, kunugi, beech, etc., with inoculum of Shiitake mushroom.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Cultivation of shiitake mushrooms involves cutting and carrying out raw trees such as oak, kunugi, beech, inoculating the raw trees with seed bacteria, and striking the so-called seed pieces (hereinafter referred to as inoculum) to promote the growth of mycelia. After prone, move to Hodaba to generate and grow shiitake mushrooms and then harvest. On the other hand, the working environment for shiitake cultivation is greatly affected by aging, and it is desired to reduce and disperse the labor load of the above work, and there is a strong demand for mechanization and automation. In particular, since the inoculation work cannot depend on anyone other than the shiitake grower, the quality of the measures against the inoculation work is an important issue that directly affects the survival of shiitake production in the future. Conventionally, all of this inoculation work is done manually, after fixing the raw wood to the fixing table, perforating each hole with a perforator,
Inoculum was put in this, and the sealing material was fixed on it. Therefore, despite the large amount of labor required for inoculation, the amount of treatment is small and the productivity is extremely low.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and further, efficiently and rationally mechanizes and automates the inoculation work to separate and separate the inoculation work. Which enables the distribution of labor load of inoculation and a dramatic improvement in productivity, and enables the development and improvement of shiitake cultivation in the future as well as maintaining the production of shiitake mushrooms. The challenge is to provide.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an elevating / traveling unit provided on an upper part of a pedestal, a hanging / moving unit held by the elevating / traveling unit, and a cylindrical Shiitake fungus at the lower end. A perforation / inoculation unit having an upper surface gripper for grasping the raw wood to inoculate from the upper part, provided at an intermediate portion of the cradle immediately below the perforation / inoculation unit, and horizontally grasping both ends of the raw wood, The columnar shiitake inoculum is provided in the incubator provided on both sides of the raw wood both-end gripping unit that rotatably holds the raw wood, the elevating / running unit, and the perforating / inoculating unit, and the perforating / inoculating unit. The first means is an automatic inoculation device for shiitake inoculum, which is provided with an inoculum supply unit for supplying one by one in a standing state,

A second means is an automatic inoculation device for Shiitake fungi according to the first means, wherein the opening angle of the grip portion of the upper surface gripper is in the range of 90 ° to 120 °.

The third aspect of the present invention is the automatic inoculation device for Shiitake inoculum according to the first means, wherein the columnar Shiitake inoculum is a mixed molding of sawdust and rice bran and calcined gypsum in which Shiitake hyphae are infested and propagated. As a means of

[0007] The fourth aspect of the automatic inoculation device for Shiitake fungi according to the first means, wherein the columnar Shiitake fungi is wood such as oak, kunugi, beech, etc. in which Shiitake hyphae are infested and propagated. age,

A fifth aspect of the present invention is an automatic inoculation device for Shiitake mushrooms as described in the first means, characterized in that the perforation / inoculation unit has a driving device for simultaneously moving the drill and the inoculation device vertically and horizontally for a predetermined distance. As a means of

A fifth feature of the invention is that the perforation / inoculation unit holds the drill and the inoculator at a predetermined interval in a horizontal plane parallel to the axis of the log held by the both-end gripper of the log. The automatic inoculation device for Shiitake inoculum described in the means is the sixth means.

[0010] A sixth means is characterized in that the drill and the inoculum are combined and held at a predetermined interval on a locus where the perforating / inoculating unit passes on the axis of the log held by the both-end gripper of the log. The 7th means is an automatic inoculation device for Shiitake mushrooms

The automatic inoculation device for Shiitake inoculum described in the first means is the eighth means, characterized in that the drill is a general-purpose hand drill.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ninth embodiment of the automatic inoculation device for Shiitake fungi as set forth in the first means, characterized in that the pair of left and right raw wood both-ends holding tools of the raw wood both-ends holding unit have concave wood frustoconical portions. As a means,

A tenth means is an automatic inoculation apparatus for Shiitake mushroom inoculum according to the first means, characterized in that a discharge chute with a box is provided below the unit for holding both ends of the log.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has been carried out by the inventors of the present invention through various experimental studies on an automatic inoculation device for Shiitake inoculum that enables high productivity and economical inoculation work.
High productivity can be obtained even in a small number of inoculation areas, and a mechanism has been established that enables the use of molded seed bacteria that have a long life of raw wood.
Establishing a mechanism that separates the up and down and forward / backward / leftward / rightward movement of the inoculum unit into a basic motion and an inching motion to efficiently realize the required motions specific to each motion, and grips the raw wood at both ends for rotating and fixing the raw wood. Establishing a mechanism that separates gripping and top gripping for perforation / inoculation to satisfy gripping conditions unique to each grip,
The gripper opening angle of the top gripper is set from 90 ° to 120 ° to increase the allowable diameter difference and the allowable eccentricity due to bending.
By adopting a general-purpose drill, it can be diverted during idle time to reduce equipment costs and establish a highly reliable supply mechanism that can smoothly and stably supply cylindrical inoculum to the inoculator.
It is possible to use a device that feeds raw wood to both ends of the raw wood reasonably and eliminate the work of transporting heavy objects that is inevitable for inoculation work, improve safety and reduce labor load, and achieve the above-mentioned problems. It has been achieved.

[0015]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B are a front view and a side view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a stand, 2 is a lift,
A traveling unit, 3 is a perforating / inoculating unit, 4 is a unit for holding both ends of a log, 5 is a seed supplying unit, and 6 is a chute with a drill waste storage box.

2 (A), (B) and (C) are a front view, a plan view and a side view of the elevating / traveling unit 2. The lifting / running unit 2 is in charge of the basic lifting and running of the perforation / inoculation unit 3 shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a pedestal (upper beam), 20 is an air cylinder for raising / lowering drive, 21 is a slide shaft for raising / lowering guide, 22 is a drooping connector, 2
3 is a mounting vault, 24 is an air cylinder for traveling drive held by a holder 25, 26 is a traveling rail, 2
Reference numeral 7 is a traveling block, and 28 is a traveling underframe.

The lifting / running unit 2 shown in FIG. 2 holds the perforation / inoculation unit 3 by the hanging connector 22 and the mounting vault 23. The air cylinder 20 for raising and lowering drive and the slide shaft 21 for raising and lowering guide are installed on the traveling underframe 28 provided on the upper beam of the gantry 1 via the traveling rail 26 and the traveling block 27, and the above-mentioned perforation is performed. -The inoculation unit 3 is vertically moved up and down within a range of 150 mm, and the traveling drive air cylinder 24 drives the traveling underframe 28 within a range of 110 mm left and right.

3A, 3B and 3C are a front view, a plan view and a side view of the perforation / inoculation unit 3. FIG. In this example, four sets of drills and inoculators are connected at equal intervals, only the peak time of the drilling start current is sequentially delayed, and simultaneous start-up is performed to reduce the required load capacity of the power supply equipment. .
In the figure, 30 is an upper connecting member that connects the upper portions of the four drill / incubator sets, 31 is a side connecting member that connects the side portions of the four drill / incubator sets, and 32 is a drill
Holding plate for inoculum set, 33 is installation plate for drill / inoculation set, and 34 is connection support for holding plate 32 so that the installation plate 33 can be displaced back and forth orthogonal to the traveling direction of the elevating / traveling unit 2. Connecting pin, 3
Reference numeral 5 is an upper surface gripper for gripping a log inoculated with a cylindrical fungus of Shiitake mushroom from above according to the deformation of the log, 36 is a drill, 37
Are connected and set to the drill 36 at predetermined intervals with an inoculator. Reference numeral 38 is an elevating air cylinder for raising and lowering the drill / incubator set, and 39 is a moving air cylinder for moving the drill / incubator set back and forth orthogonal to the traveling direction of the elevating / traveling unit 2.

When the operation air is supplied to the perforation / inoculation unit 3, the elevating air cylinder 38 moves up to the upper limit, and the moving air cylinder 39 sets the drill / inoculator set to the upper and upper sides of the plan view. Move to the right side of the figure. When the raw wood is gripped by the both-end gripping device 4, the lifting / running unit 2 aligns with the gripping raw wood, and the position setting of the perforation / inoculation unit 3 is completed, the power of the perforation / inoculation unit 3 is turned on, and the lifting air is moved. The cylinder 38 automatically descends, and first the upper surface gripper 35 of the lower end of the perforation / inoculation unit 3 grips the log while following the deformation of the log, and at the same time, lowers the rotating drill 36. When the drill 36 reaches the drilling descent limit, the sensor 36 (not shown) confirms that the drill 36 is automatically lifted, and when the drill 36 reaches the upper limit, the drill 36 stops lifting and rotating. When the lifting air cylinder 38 returns to the upper limit, the moving air cylinder 3
9 moves the drill / inoculator set to the left limit,
When the moving air cylinder 39 reaches the left limit, the raising / lowering air cylinder 38 is again lowered to move the inoculator 3
7 is positioned on the drilled hole of the drill 36, and the inoculum driving cylinder 370 of the inoculator 37 is activated to complete the inoculation.

The perforation / inoculation unit 3 of the present embodiment described above, that is, the set of the drill 37 and the inoculator 38 connected and connected at a predetermined interval is arranged before and after the elevation / travel unit 2 is orthogonal to the traveling direction. Moving air cylinder for moving 3
In place of the mechanism for moving the drill / incubator set back and forth orthogonally to the traveling direction of the elevating / traveling unit 2 at 9, the drill
The intermediate point of the inoculum set is held by a support pin, and the moving air cylinder 39 is operated before and after being orthogonal to the traveling direction of the elevating / traveling unit 2 as in this example, and the drill / inoculator set is set at both ends of the log. A mechanism that moves on a locus passing in the orthogonal direction on the axis of the raw tree held by the gripper may be used. This mechanism can reduce the weight as compared with this example.

4 (a), (b) and (c) are a front view, a plan view and a side view of the both-end gripping unit 4 of the raw wood for inoculating Shiitake mushroom inoculum. 1 is an intermediate beam of a gantry, 40 is a truncated cone-shaped recess, and a pair of left and right log end grippers are provided, 41 is a bearing of the log end grippers, and 42 is one log in the axial direction of the log. An air cylinder for moving the end grasping tool 40, 43 for a moving rail, 44 for a moving block, 45 for a worm wheel type driving device for rotating the other log end grasping tool 40, and 46 for a quarter rotation. It is a sensor that confirms the implementation status of the rotation condition selected in the range of 1/7 rotation.

The raw wood both-ends gripping unit 4 grips and rotates a raw wood such as oak, kunugi, beech and the like having a length of about 1 m for inoculating Shiitake inoculum. When the power is turned on and the operation air is supplied, one of the log end grippers 40 moves to the moving air cylinder 4.
It moves to the standby position by the reverse operation of 2. Then, when the raw wood is supplied from a raw wood container (not shown) and one end of the raw wood container is brought into contact with the conical trapezoidal recess of the other raw wood end gripping tool 40, the one raw wood end gripping tool 40 moves the air cylinder 42.
Is advanced to the gripping position of the other end of the raw wood, and the other end is gripped by the conical recess having a predetermined pressure. The perforation / inoculation unit 3 having the set of the above-mentioned four drills / inoculation devices has completed the first perforation / inoculation, and the drills / inoculation devices retreat to the standby positions respectively, and the above-mentioned raising / lowering / traveling is performed. The unit 2 moves up by a predetermined distance and travels 110 mm in a predetermined direction, and accordingly, the perforation / inoculation unit 3 moves 11 times.
When moved by 0 mm, the other log end gripping tool 40 rotates the gripping log by the worm wheel drive device 45 and the sensor 46 in the equal division angle specified in the range of ¼ rotation to 1/7 rotation. Then, when the perforation / inoculation unit 3 completes the second perforation / inoculation, the elevating / traveling unit 2 described above.
Is moved 110 mm in the direction opposite to the direction of the first movement to move the perforation / inoculation unit 3 by 110 mm, the other raw wood end grasping tool 40 rotates again at equal division angles. Similarly, the third perforation / inoculation is completed, and the perforation / inoculation unit 3 is moved in the direction opposite to the second movement direction by 110 mm.
When the movement of No. 1 is completed, the other end piece gripping tool 40 of the raw wood rotates the gripping raw wood again by the specified equal division angle. In this way, under the system control comprehensively integrated with the operating conditions of the elevating / traveling unit 2 and the perforation / inoculation unit 3, the other log end gripping tool 40 rotates the gripping log from 1/4 rotation to 1 Assists the inoculation of Shiitake fungi into the log by rotating at a specified division angle within the range of / 7 rotations.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the inoculum feeder 53. The inoculum supply device 53 is an inoculum supply unit 5 shown in FIG.
It was used for. The inoculum supply unit 5 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), inoculum feeder 5 which is given a slight vibration in the vertical skew and sequentially ejects cylindrical inoculum into a continuous column shape.
0, a flexible inoculum supply pipe 51 that receives the cylindrical inoculum 52 continuously discharged from the inoculum feeder 50 and continuously supplies it to the inoculum feeder 53 in that state, and the inoculum feeder 53 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
Mounting portion 54, a holding portion 55 for holding a plurality of cylindrical seed bacteria 52 continuously supplied in a continuous cylindrical shape, and a bottom portion 1 of the plurality of cylindrical seed bacteria 52 waiting in the holding portion 55. An individual air cylinder 57 is provided for extruding the individual pieces in the direction orthogonal to the normal direction and supplying the extruded pieces to the holding portion 56 of the cylindrical inoculum 52 of the inoculator 37 provided at the tip thereof.

The integrated operation of the above units will be described below with reference to an example in which a log supplying device (not shown) is used. First, the power is turned on to supply the operating air. After that, both ends of the log are gripped and lifted from the log container with both-end grippers, the log is held by the two end grips provided on the rotating / advancing arm, and the arm is rotated / advanced to log the log. It is supplied to the other raw wood gripping tool 40 of the both-ends gripping unit 4. The automatic perforation / inoculation device confirms this, and one of the log holders 40 advances from the standby position and presses the log against the other log holder 40 side to complete the grasping of both ends of the log. After confirming this grip, the elevating / traveling unit 2 moves to a predetermined position, and lowers the perforation / inoculation unit 3 to a predetermined position to place the perforation / inoculation start position. Upon receipt of confirmation of the completion of this arrangement, the elevating cylinder 38 of the perforation / inoculation unit 3 lowers the drill / inoculator set to a predetermined perforation / inoculation position. At this time, the upper surface gripper 35 connects and supports the installation plate 33 so that the installation plate 33 can be displaced in the front-rear direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the elevating / traveling unit 2 so as to be displaced.
Grips the log while following the deformation of the log. The drill 36 is always on the axis of the raw wood at the position gripped by the raw wood gripping tool 40, and starts to rotate at the same time as the descent, and by the descent, drills a predetermined position to a predetermined depth. After confirming the completion of this perforation, the transfer cylinder 39 moves the drill / inoculator set to a predetermined position, and the inoculator 37 is drilled 36.
Place it on the perforation hole of. At this time, the inoculum 37 is supplied with the cylindrical inoculum 52 continuously discharged from the inoculum feeder 50, the inoculum supply pipe 51, the inoculum supplier 53, and the air cylinder 57.
Powered by. When the above arrangement is confirmed, the seed-injection cylinder 370 is activated to complete the inoculation of the cylindrical inoculum 52 via the inoculator 37. After that, the above operation is repeated, and 4 to 7 places around the entire circumference of the log, 4 in the length direction.
The automatic inoculation is completed according to the selection conditions in a total of 16 to 28 places. In the example described above, the operation commands for each operation that constitutes automatic perforation / inoculation are sequentially issued, the operation is performed as instructed, the operation result is confirmed, and the operation operation is completed while repeating this operation operation. There are controlled distribution networks and controlled electrical sequences. However, the control delivery network and the control electric sequence of the operation air do not have a peculiar structure and action, and therefore are not shown.

It is possible to change the specific conditions of the embodiment described above in accordance with the site conditions of each implementation site. In any case, the specific conditions shown by the above-mentioned one embodiment are shown as an example of the purpose of the present invention, the constitutional requirements and the peculiar action brought by the constitutional requirements, and the basic purpose of the present invention, the constitutional requirements and the An apparatus that is implemented without exceeding the unique action and effect range provided by the structural requirements can achieve the same effect as the present invention.

[0026]

The present invention has established a device for producing the above-mentioned action by using the above-mentioned means. Therefore, it is possible to automatically and continuously, safely and smoothly, with high productivity and good economical efficiency. In addition, it enables automatic inoculation of Shiitake mushrooms, thereby eliminating the biggest problem of the current situation in the Shiitake cultivation field, and producing great hope for future prospects, such as a great effect to this field, The ripple effect to the related fields is also great.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are a front view and a side view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2A, 2B, and 2C are a front view, a plan view, and a side view of the lifting / traveling unit 2.

3 (a), (b) and (c) are a front view, a plan view and a side view of the perforation / inoculation unit 3. FIG.

4 (a), (b), and (c) are a front view, a plan view, and a side view of both ends gripping unit 4 of the raw wood.

5 (a) and (b) are a front view of a seed culture supply unit 5 and a front view of a seed culture supply device 53. FIG.

6A and 6B are a front view and a side view of a log supply device 60.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Stand 2: Lifting / running unit 3: Perforation / inoculation unit 4: Both ends gripping unit 5: Seed supply unit 6: Boxed chute 55: Seed supply unit

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] December 25, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing

[Correction method] Oath

[Correction content]

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are a front view and a side view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2A, 2B, and 2C are a front view, a plan view, and a side view of the lifting / traveling unit 2.

3 (a), (b) and (c) are a front view, a plan view and a side view of the perforation / inoculation unit 3. FIG.

4 (a), (b), and (c) are a front view, a plan view, and a side view of both ends gripping unit 4 of the raw wood.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a seed feeding device 53 provided in the seed feeding unit 5.

[Explanation of symbols] 1: Stand 2: Lifting / running unit 3: Perforation / inoculation unit 4: Both ends gripping unit of raw wood 5: Seed supply unit 6: Chute with box 53: Seed supply unit

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An elevating / running unit provided on an upper part of a gantry, and a perforation having an upper surface gripping device which is suspended from the elevating / running unit and holds a raw wood inoculated with a cylindrical shiitake inoculum from the upper part at the lower end. An inoculation unit, a raw wood both-ends holding unit which is provided at an intermediate portion of the frame directly below the perforation / inoculation unit and horizontally holds both ends of the raw wood to rotatably hold the raw wood, the elevating / running unit And a seed culture supply unit that is provided on the side of the perforation / inoculation unit and that supplies the columnar Shiitake inoculum in a standing manner to the inoculator provided in the perforation / inoculation unit. An automatic inoculation device for Shiitake mushrooms. 2. The opening angle of the grip of the log upper surface gripper is 90.
2. The angle is in the range of 120 ° to 120 °.
An automatic inoculation device for Shiitake inoculum according to 1. 3. The automatic inoculation device for Shiitake inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical Shiitake inoculum is a mixed molding of sawdust and rice bran and calcined gypsum in which Shiitake hyphae are spread. 4. The automatic inoculation device for Shiitake inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical Shiitake inoculum is wood such as oak, kunugi, beech or the like in which Shiitake mycelium is infested. 5. The automatic inoculation device for shiitake inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the perforation / inoculation unit has a driving device for simultaneously moving the drill and the inoculation device vertically and horizontally for a predetermined distance. 6. The drilling and inoculating unit is characterized in that the drill and the inoculator are combined and held at a predetermined interval in a horizontal plane parallel to the axis of the log of the log held by the log grippers at both ends of the log. Item 5. An automatic inoculation device for shiitake inoculum. 7. The drill and the inoculator are combined and held at a predetermined interval on a locus where the perforation / inoculation unit passes on the axis of the log held by the both-end gripper of the log. An automatic inoculation device for the described shiitake mushroom. 8. The automatic inoculator of Shiitake inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the drill is a general-purpose hand drill. 9. The automatic inoculation device for shiitake inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the pair of raw-wood both-end grippers of the pair of raw-wood grippers have a concave-cone-shaped conical portion. 10. The automatic inoculation device for shiitake inoculum according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge chute with a storage box for perforated scraps provided at a lower part of the frame below the unit for gripping both ends of the log.